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Topic 4 - Assertions and Audit Objectives - Student
Topic 4 - Assertions and Audit Objectives - Student
and audit objectives (UEH)
Financial report assertions (1): Assertions about
classes of transactions & events for the period under audit
Occurrence — transactions and events that have been recorded have occurred
and pertain to the entity.
Completeness — all transactions and events that should have been recorded have
been recorded.
Accuracy — amounts and other data relating to recorded transactions and events
have been
recorded appropriately.
Cut‐off — transactions and events have been recorded in the correct accounting
TOPIC 4 – AUDIT PLANNING Mai Duc Nghia (UEH)
period.
Financial report assertions (2): Assertions about
5.1 Financial report assertions account balances at the period end
Management Assertions for Each Category of Assertions 5.2. Linking Audit Objectives to Management Assertions
Auditors use these assertions to assess risks by considering different types of potential
misstatements that may occur and designing audit procedures in response to risks.
Transactions and Events Account Balances Presentation and Disclosure
Occurrence Existence Occurrence and rights (1) Link the general transaction‐related audit objectives to management assertions for
and obligations classes of transactions.
Completeness Completeness Completeness
Accuracy Valuation and Accuracy and (2) Link the general balance‐related audit objectives to management assertions for
allocation valuation
account balances.
Classification Classification and
understandability
Cutoff (3) Link the presentation‐ and disclosure‐related audit objectives to management
Rights and assertions for presentation and disclosure.
obligations
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Assertions and audit objectives (UEH)
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Audit procedures
To identify
To identify
Assets & Liabilities
Overstated/non-occurrence
that the entity does not
transactions
have the ownership/control right
OR transactions
or obligation
not belong to the entity
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Assertions and audit objectives (UEH)
Audit objectives
Audit procedures
Auditor has to prove that Tests of control (Thử nghiệm kiểm soát)
the entity has performed Obtain detailed balance and transactions (Thu thập chi tiết số
accurate calculations, footed dư & giao dịch)
and posted numbers correctly Substantive tests (Thử nghiệm cơ bản)
between the FSs and general
ledgers (GL), subsidiary ledgers.
Agree numbers between GLs and subsidiary ledgers (Đối chiếu Dual‐purpose tests (Thử nghiệm kép)
số liệu sổ cái và sổ phụ)
To identify
Perform footing of detailed balances and agree the totals with
inconsistencies
between GLs (Xác định số dư chi tiết và đối chiếu với sổ cái)
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the FSs and Ledgers
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An auditor performs tests of control to obtain evidence about whether
Audit objectives
Audit procedures the control activities of the internal control system are effective.
Auditor has to prove that
FSs were presented & disclosed
properly in accordance with The tests are designed to provide evidence to support an assessment
requirements of current Verify the presentation of the FSs:
accounting standards and of control risk at a level below high (indicating reliance on the keys
accounting disclosure.
Classifications of accounts
Off‐setting balances
controls).
Verify the fulfilment of requirements of For examples: Tests of controls on sales transactions
disclosure and additional information
To identify on the FSs.
inappropriate or
insufficient
presentation & disclosure
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Assertions and audit objectives (UEH)
Substantive tests Dual‐purpose tests
Tests that apply both TOCs and substantive test together to the same
Performed on specific transactions and balances to see whether the group of documents.
dollar amount of an account balance is materially misstated. For examples
The auditor inspected a sample of invoices to determine if these invoices were
approved for payments by authorized personnel, at the same with inspecting the
These tests reduce detection risk. arithmetic accuracy of amounts shown on those invoices. (kiểm tra xem chứng từ có
được xét duyệt không, đồng thời kiểm tra các phép tính số học trên hoá đơn)
Dual‐purpose tests assist the auditor in improving the efficiency of the
audit.
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Types of substantive tests
Substantive analytical procedures: involve the study and comparison of
relationships between accounting data and related information.
For examples: Calculate receivables turnover ratio and days in receivables.
Tests of details: obtaining evidence on the items (or details) included in an account
balance or class of transactions: Thank you
Substantive tests of transactions,
eg.: perform cut‐off test on Sales transactions
Substantive tests of balances
eg.: send confirmation letters, inspect allowance for doubtful debts.
Substantive tests of disclosures.
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