MAULANA AZAD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECH,

NEORAGANJ PATNA BIHAR

Presentation on
“ Windmill Power Generation”

SUBMITTED TO:- SUBMITTED TO:

(Department of Electrical Engineering ) MOAZZAM ALI
MD KAIF HUSSAIN
MD FAIZ HASHMI
MD MOHIBUDDIN
TAUSEEF JAMAL
 CONTENT

 Introduction to windmills
 History of windmills
 Windmill design
 Component of windmill
 Wind turbine number of blades
 Wind turbine generators
 Advantages and disadvantages
 Future of wind energy
 Application
 Conclusion
 INTRODUCTION

Windmills

 A windmill is a device that converts the wind's kinetic energy into mechanical energy. It typically consists of a tall
tower with large blades or sails attached to a rotor. These blades or sails capture the wind and cause the rotor to
spin. The spinning rotor then transfers its mechanical energy to a generator, which converts it into electrical energy.

 Windmills have been used for centuries to grind grain, pump water, and generate electricity. In earlier times, they
were commonly seen in agricultural areas where they powered mills for grinding grain into flour. They were also
used to pump water for irrigation or drainage purposes.

 Today, windmills are primarily used to generate electricity on a large scale. They are often found in wind farms,
which consist of multiple wind turbines connected to an electrical grid. Wind energy is a renewable and clean
source of power, making windmills a popular choice for producing sustainable electricity.
 History of Windmills

 The history of windmill power generation dates back thousands of years. The earliest known evidence of windmill
use comes from ancient Persia (modern-day Iran), where vertical-axis windmills were used for grinding grains and
pumping water as early as the 7th century BCE.
 .Windmills spread to other parts of the world over time. In China, windmills were commonly used for irrigation as
early as the 2nd century BCE. The technology then spread to the Arab world, where windmills were used
extensively in the 9th century CE to pump water for irrigation and for grinding grain.
 In Europe, windmills became popular in the Middle Ages. The first horizontal-axis windmills appeared in
Northwestern Europe around the 12th century CE. They were used for various purposes, including grinding grains,
sawing wood, and pumping water. Windmills played a significant role in agricultural development, as they provided
a reliable source of power for farmers. They also became an iconic part of the European landscape, with thousands
of windmills dotting the countryside.
 Windmill Design

 A windmill captures wind energy and then uses a generator to convert it to electricity energy.
 The design of a windmill is an integral part of how efficient it will be.
 When designing a windmill, one must decide on the size of the turbine, and the size of the generator.
 A wind turbine is a device that convert kinetic energy from the wind into electrical power.
Components of Windmills
1) Blades:
The generation of power increases with the increase in the number of blades. Most of the wind turbines have three
blades, though there are some with two blades. The blades are generally 30m to 50m long, with the most common sizes
around 40m. Blade weights vary, depending on the design and materials. A 40m LM Glasfiber blade for a 1.5 MW
turbine weighs 5,780 kg (6.4 tons) and one a 2.0 MW turbine weighs 6,290 kg (6.9 tons).
2) Nacelles:
The nacelle houses the main components of the wind turbine, such as the controller, gearbox, generator, and shafts. This
part protects the wind turbine equipment.
3)Controller:
The controller monitors the condition of the turbine and controls the turbine movement. The control system changes the
blade pitch, nacelle yaw, and generator loading of a wind turbine. The control system can also change the pitch of the
blades to alter the amount of torque produced by the rotor. The purpose of the control system is to maximize power
output.
4) Gearbox
The gearbox present in the turbine helps in increasing the rotational speed of the shaft. A low-speed shaft feeds into the
gearbox and a high-speed shaft feeds from the gearbox into the generator. Some turbines use direct drive generators that
are capable of producing electricity at a lower rotational speed.
5) Generators
Wind turbines typically have a single AC generator that converts the mechanical energy from the wind turbine’s rotation
into electrical energy. Clipper wind power uses a different design that features four DC generators. Offshore wind
turbines typically send power through cables.
6) Rotor
The rotor includes both the blades and the hub which consists of normally two or three blades attached to a hub. The
system performance of the wind turbine is based on the selection of blade number, shape, and length. The rotor can be
either upwind or downwind design. Most wind turbines are three bladed upwind designs.
 Wind turbine : number of blades

 Most common design is the three- blade turbine: The most important reason is the stability of
the turbine . A rotor with an odd number of rotor blades can be considered to be similar to
a disc when calculating the dynamic properties of the machine.
 A rotor with even number of blades will give stability problem for a machine with a stiff
structure.
 Wind Turbine Generators

 Wind power generation convert energy to electrical energy.

 The generators is attached at one end to the wind turbine, which provides the mechanical energy.
 At the other end, the generator is connected to the electrical grid.
 The generator needs to have a cooling system to make sure there is no overheating.
 Wind Power

Advantage :
 Renewable Energy
 Reduces fossil fuels consumption
 Less air and wind pollution
 Initial cost
Disadvantages :
 Noise disturbances
 Threat to wildlife
 Wind can never be predicted
 Suited to particular region
 Future of Wind Energy

 Future of wind energy can be bright if government policies subsidize and encourage its
use.

 Technology improvement unlikely to have a major impact.

 Can becomes cost competitive for electricity generation if fossil energy costs skyrocket.
 Applications

 Off grid for cottages and remote uses such as cell towers and exploration equipment.
 Developing nations where infrastructure is limited or nonexistent.
 Rapid deployment (to include airdrop) to disaster areas for power to emergency and medical equipment, water
pumps, and relief efforts (ex. Katrina, Tsunami).
 And military applications.
 Conclusion

 The windmill project has proven to be a successful endeavor. It has provided numerous benefits to the community
and the environment while promoting renewable energy usage. The windmill has been an efficient and reliable
source of power, generating clean energy and reducing the reliance on non-renewable resources. Additionally, the
project has contributed to job creation and economic growth by attracting investments and fostering local
partnerships. Overall, the windmill project has been a significant step towards achieving sustainability and reducing
carbon emissions. It serves as a valuable model for future renewable energy projects and demonstrates the potential
for a greener and more environmentally friendly future.