Velammal Bodhi Campus-Theni

(A CBSE - IIT/NEET Integrated Sr. Sec. School)

Class: VII Ch: Nutrition in Animals Sub: Biology
Mind map:
 Book Back Exercise

1. Fill in the blanks:

(a) The main steps of nutrition in humans are ingestion, digestion, absorption,
assimilation and egestion.
(b) The largest gland in the human body is liver.
(c) The stomach releases hydrochloric acid and digestive juices which act on
food.
(d) The inner wall of the small intestine has many finger-like outgrowths called
Villi.
(e) Amoeba digests its food in the food vacuole.
2. Mark ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if it is false:
(a) Digestion of starch starts in the stomach. - F
(b) The tongue helps in mixing food with saliva. - T
(c) The gall bladder temporarily stores bile. - T
(d) The ruminants bring back swallowed grass into their mouth and chew it for
some time.- T
3. Tick (S) mark the correct answer in each of the following:
(a) Fat is completely digested in the
(i) stomach (ii) mouth (iii) small intestine (iv) large intestine
(b) Water from the undigested food is absorbed mainly in the:
(i) stomach (ii) food pipe (iii) small intestine (iv) large intestine
4. Match the items of column I with those given in column II:
Ans:

5. What are villi? What is their location and function?

Ans:
* The finger like projections in the inner walls of the small intestine is called
villi. These are found in small intestine.
* Function: The villi increase the surface area for absorption of the digested
 food.
6. Where is the bile produced? Which component of the food does it help to
digest?
Ans:
* Bile is produced in liver. The bile juice stored in sac called the gall bladder.
It helps in the digestion of fats.
7. Name the type of carbohydrate that can be digested by ruminants but not
by humans. Give the reason also.
Ans:
* Cellulose is the carbohydrate that can be digested by ruminants.
* Ruminants have large sac like structure between the small intestine and large
intestine.
* The cellulose of the food is digested by the action of certain bacteria which
are not present in humans.
8. Why do we get instant energy from glucose?
Ans:
* We get instant energy from glucose because it easily breaks down in the cell
with the help of oxygen which provides instant energy to the organism.
* Glucose does not need to go through the process of digestion; it is directly
absorbed into the blood.
HOTS (HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS):
1. When an individual gets diarrhoea, they feel dehydrated. Why?
* A person who has diarrhoea passes a lot of water along with their stool
* This causes a loss of a lot of water and essential salts in the body that need to
be replaced.
* The individual needs to drink a lot of water that has been properly boiled and
cooled, or some fruit juice. This is known as Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS).
2. If you observe a cow on the road, it keeps chewing its food continuously
for a long time. Why is that?
* Cows are part of a group of animals known as ruminants.
*When cows eat their grass, they swallow it, and it goes and gets stored in a
part of the stomach, known as rumen.
* The food gets partially digested in the rumen, and is known as cud. Later the
cud returns to the mouth of the cow in small lumps, which the cow chews on.
* This process is known as rumination.
3. Will an old person, who has no teeth, be able to eat normal, solid food like
us? Why?
* No, an old person without teeth will not be able to eat solid food like a
normal person.
* Teeth are used by a person to chew the food and hold it in the mouth without
it spilling outside.
* Chewing is done so that the food can be broken down into smaller particles,
which make it easier for the body to digest.
4. Animals like lions, have canines which are very long and pointy. Why is
that so?
* Lions are a part of a group of animals known as carnivores.
* Carnivores eat only meat. The reason they have very sharp canines is so that
they can easily tear the flesh and meat of other animals to eat.
5. Why do people say that you have to eat dinner at least 3 hours before you
go to bed?
* Digestion is a very long process
* It takes at least 3 hours to fully digest the contents of a meal in the stomach.
If a person lies down before their stomach finishes its work, they may get
indigestion, which may cause them to feel like regurgitating, or vomiting,
whatever they have eaten.
6. A person has hiccups for a long period of time. What may be the cause for
it?
* Hiccups are usually caused when the diaphragm that help draws air into the
lungs is irritated, causing it to pull down erratically (in a jerky way), thus
drawing in air too quickly.