Community-Based DRRM

- for maintaining effective early warning system in a hazard-prone

community

● What is Community-Based DRRM?

○ prepares hazard-prone community from natural disaster events and
emergencies that may happen where the community itself must
participate to in order for the preparedness plan to take place
● How to lessen the severity of these disasters?
○ DRRM is one of the ways in order to prepare the community with the
potential hazards and prevent its detrimental outcomes in the future

FACTORS THAT BROUGHT THE NEED OF DRRM

● Philippines is prone to natural hazards
● situated along highly-seismic Pacific Ring of Fire
○ contains a lot of volcanic activities, that makes the place susceptible
to frequent volcanic eruptions and earthquakes
● “Exporter of Typhoons”
○ because of the geographical location being near the pacific ocean
○ specifically located along the Pacific Typhoon Belt where a lot of
cyclones are bound to happen
● Philippine government has to deal with internal disputes and threats of
terrorism
○ their attention is divided from attending to these natural hazards
which then are not prioritized causing it to affect the people in the
long run
○ denuded forests aggravate flood risks and climate change

● What is Republic Act 10121?

○ DRRM Act of 2010 “Strengthening the Philippine Disaster Risk
Reduction and Management System”
RA 10121, Section 5
- creation of National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council
(NDRRMC) responsible for carrying out disaster preparedness plans and
alerting the community with possible or expected disasters to come
RA 10121, Section 8
- The Office of Civil Defense has the responsibility to lead the development
of strategic and systematic approaches and minimize any hazards that
identified risks may bring.
- establish an Operations Center for monitoring and coordination where
situation reports, alerts and communications are relayed to all Council
members

RA 10121, Section 10
- creation of Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
Council (RDRRMC) which coordinates and evaluates activities of the local
DRRMC
- Section 10 - RDRRMC coordinates with the local DRRMC and evaluates
its activities to ensure that the development plans are disaster sensitive to
prepare the community in case emergencies will happen.
RA 10121, Section 11
- provides for organization at Local Government Level
- Local DRRMCs such as the provinces, city and municipalities must monitor
the DRRM plans implementation to make sure that the efforts made
contributes to reducing disaster risks and keeping the residents safe.

RA 10121, Section 22
- provides for NDRRMC funds to be used for mitigation, prevention and
preparedness through training of personnel, utilization of equipment and
for relief and recovery
- and in the approved allocated fund for NDRRM, 30% of these are for the
Quick Response Fund which is for areas struck by disasters to provide for
 their relief and recovery programs

- A. (managed by DOST)
- B. (managed by DILG)
- C. (managed by DSWD)
- D. (managed by NEDA)

DOST: Department of Science and Technology

OCD: Office of Civil Defense
DENR: Department of Environment and Natural Resources
DPWH: Department of Public Works and Highways
DOF: Department of Finance
DILG: Department of Interior and Local Government
PIA: Philippine Information Agency
DSWD: Department of Social Welfare and Development
LGU: Local Government Unit
DOH: Department of Health
DND: Department of National Defense
NHA: National Housing Authority
NEDA: National Economic and Development Authority

7 Key Components of Community Preparedness Plan

1. Community Profile
a. identification of vulnerable communities: accounts for communities
within an area and level of exposure
b. Manpower
i. experts conducting risk assessment - oversees, implement,
update, and manage plan
ii. rescue team
1. search and rescue: knowledgeable about people to be
rescued
2. Medical Assistance: well-versed in providing direct care
3. Relief distribution
c. Relational connectivity with Local authorities, NGO’s, etc.

2. Physical Infrastructure
- both vertical and horizontal infrastructure
- natural elements that may be affected or can cause disaster from a hazard

3. Risk Assessment
- identification of potential hazard and its level of disaster risk

4. early warning system (EWS)

- informing community of its hazard that may affect them thru alert sounds,
symbols, letter easily understood by them
5. Emergency response protocol
 a. search and rescue: provide immediate aid to survivors of disaster
(wear protective gear, monitor vital signs, decontaminate rescuers
and equipment)
b. Needs of Survivors: clean, potable water, ready-to-eat food, safe
evacuation centers, healthcare providers
c. survival kits and materials: food, water, medicines, first aid,
sanitation and toiletries, clothing, emergency tools and gadgets
d. General Evacuation Procedures
i. aware of emergency exits and warning calls
ii. keep calm
iii. exit building using stairways
iv. follow instruction of DRRM personnel when available
v. notify authorities of people who need assistance
vi. never re enter building unless safe
6. Recovery Plans
- rehabilitation of livelihood, restoration of social economic activities,
reconstruction of shelters
7. Community Disaster Reduction Fund
- estimate and allocate funds for the implementation of plans

Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA)

- build resilience of nations and communities to disaster
- designed and agreed upon to urgently make action to address disaster risk
reduction
- 10 year plan to make safer from natural hazards and reduce disaster
losses
1. DRR as a national and local priority for implementation
2. identify, assess, and monitor disaster risks and enhance early
warning system
3. use knowledge,innovation and education to build culture of safety
and resilience
4. reduce underlying risk factors
5. strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response
LAWS ASSOCIATED WITH DISASTERS
A. Climate Change Act of 2009 (RA 9729): have cleaner environment
B. People Survival Fund Act of 2011 (RA 10174): help achieve objectives of
climate change adaptation programs; 1 Billion pesos per year
C. Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010 (RA
10121): creation of NDRRMC to build disaster resilience of communities

DRRM POLICIEs
State of Emergency
- warning given for people to adjust their operations to be prepared
- provincial governors: given authority to carry out emergency measures
needed BUT National government can declare this

State of Calamity
- condition involving mass casualty and/or major damages to property,
disruption of means of livelihood caused by natural or human-induced
hazards
- adjustments on usual trades such as prices of basic commodities
Calamity Fund
- reserved fund to be used to assist and rehabilitation when effects of
hazards
Quick Response Fund
- standby fund reserved for calamities that required immediate responses

DISASTER PREVENTION AND MITIGATION

1. Early warning system: informing community of its hazard that may affect
them thru alert sounds, symbols, letter easily understood by them
2. Flood forecasting and monitoring: regularly relay to the public any
flood-related risks through media related networks
3. Hazard and Risk mappings: the community is provided with information
regarding the expected risk areas found in their community to allow them
to prepare for any possible disaster
4. Structural and Non-structural interventions: mitigation methods that
prevents or if not, lessen the damages that the disasters and calamities
may bring to the community and its people
DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
1. Contingency planning: an alternative plan of action that an organization
may utilize to respond to an emergency
2. Prepositioning and Stock-piling: preparing related supplies such as
goods, basic necessities, and medical supplies that will be provided to the
people when disaster arises
3. Capacitating and Organizing Responders: preparing the immediate
response providers to know the basics of rescue and disaster responding
and assigning them of their duties
4. Training, drills, and exercises: conducting these allows the responders
and the community to be aware of what they will do when certain disasters
arrive and get them to safety
5. Pre-Disaster Risk Assessment: evaluate the living conditions of the
community and see what needs to be improved or developed in
preparation for any disaster

DISASTER RESPONSE
1. Mobilization of Responders: engaging the team of responders to rescue
the community to safety and are accommodate to safe evacuation sites
when necessary
2. Humanitarian Assistance: providing basic necessities such as food and
shelter, protection and immediate care to the community
3. Provision of financial assistance:
4. Management of evacuation centers
5. Issuance of advisories and situation reports: inform the community with
current happenings in their surroundings and advise them of the dos and
donts
Reflection:
In our present state where we experience disasters in the middle of a pandemic,
how will you promote public awareness and education with regards to the
different DRRM laws, policies, services and programs in the urban and rural
areas?

I can promote public awareness regarding the DRRM provisions by encouraging

others to get involved with how we can contribute our part into making the DRRM
development plans possible and effective by following and practicing the policies,
protocols, and the do's and don'ts when disaster arises and before risks become
hazards, we should keep in mind to be always prepared and get ourselves into
safety.