Appian Way

Coordinates: 41°50′29″N 12°31′57″E

The Appian Way (Latin and Italian: Via Appia) is one of

the earliest and strategically most important Roman roads of Appian Way
the ancient republic. It connected Rome to Brindisi, in Via Appia
southeast Italy.[1] Its importance is indicated by its common
name, recorded by Statius,[2][3] of Appia longarum... regina
viarum ("the Appian Way, the queen of the long roads").

The road is named after Appius Claudius Caecus,[4] the

Roman censor who began and completed the first section as
a military road to the south in 312 BC[5] during the Samnite
Wars.

Origins

The need for roads

The Appian Way was a Roman road used as a main route

for military supplies for its conquest of southern Italy in 312
BC and for improvements in communication.[6][7]

The Appian Way was the first long road built specifically to
transport troops outside the smaller region of greater Rome
(this was essential to the Romans). The few roads outside Click on the map for a fullscreen view
the early city were Etruscan and went mainly to Etruria. By Location Roman Forum, Rome to
the late Republic, the Romans had expanded over most of Brindisi
Italy and were masters of road construction. Their roads
began at Rome, where the master itinerarium, or list of Coordinates 41°50′29″N 12°31′57″E
destinations along the roads, was located, and extended to Type Roman road
the borders of their domain  – hence the expression, "All
History
roads lead to Rome".
Builder Appius Claudius Caecus,
addition by Trajan (Via
The Samnite Wars Appia Traiana)
Founded 312–264 BC
Romans had an affinity for the people of Campania, who,
like themselves, traced their backgrounds to the Etruscans. Site notes
The Samnite Wars were instigated by the Samnites when Website www.camminodellappia.it
Rome attempted to ally itself with the city of Capua in (https://www.camminodella
Campania. The Italic speakers in Latium had long ago been
ppia.it)
subdued and incorporated into the Roman state. They were
responsible for changing Rome from a primarily Etruscan to
a primarily Italic state.
Dense populations of sovereign Samnites remained in the
mountains north of Capua, which is just north of the Greek city of
Neapolis. Around 343 BC, Rome and Capua attempted to form an
alliance. The Samnites reacted with military force.

The barrier of the Pontine Marshes

Between Capua and Rome lay the Pontine Marshes (Pomptinae

paludes), a swamp infested with malaria. A tortuous coastal road Porta San Sebastiano is the gate of
wound between Ostia at the mouth of the Tiber and Neapolis. The the Appia in the Aurelian Walls.
Via Latina followed its ancient and scarcely more accessible path
along the foothills of Monti Laziali and Monti Lepini, which are
visible towering over the former marsh.

In the First Samnite War (343–341 BC) the Romans found they could not
support or resupply troops in the field against the Samnites across the
marsh. A revolt of the Latin League drained their resources further. They
gave up the attempted alliance and settled with Samnium.

Colonization to the southeast

The Romans were only biding their time while they looked for a solution.
The first answer was the colonia, a "cultivation" of settlers from Rome, Near Rome
who would maintain a permanent base of operations. The Second Samnite
War (327–304  BC) erupted when Rome attempted to place a
colony at Cales in 334 BC and again at Fregellae in 328 BC on the
other side of the marshes. The Samnites, now a major power after
defeating the Greeks of Tarentum, occupied Neapolis to try to
ensure its loyalty. The Neapolitans appealed to Rome, which sent
an army and expelled the Samnites from Neapolis.

Appius Claudius' beginning of the works

In 312  BC, Appius Claudius Caecus became censor at Rome. He Tomb of Priscilla.
was of the gens Claudia, who were patricians descended from the
Sabines taken into the early Roman state. He had been given the
name of the founding ancestor of the gens, Appius Claudius (Attus
Clausus in Sabine). He was a populist, i.e., an advocate of the
common people. A man of inner perspicacity, in the years of
success he was said to have lost his outer vision and thus acquired
the name caecus, "blind".

Without waiting to be told what to do by the Senate, Appius Grave monument of Caius Rabirius
Claudius began bold public works to address the supply problem. Postumus Hermodorus, Lucia
An aqueduct (the Aqua Appia) secured the water supply of the city Rabiria Demaris and Usia Prima,
of Rome. By far the best known project was the road, which ran priestess of Isis along the Via Appia,
across the Pontine Marshes to the coast northwest of Naples, where near Quarto Miglio
it turned north to Capua. On it, any number of fresh troops could be
sped to the theatre of operations, and supplies could be moved en
masse to Roman bases without hindrance by either enemy or terrain. It is no surprise that, after his term as
censor, Appius Claudius became consul twice, subsequently held other offices, and was a respected
consultant to the state even during his later years.

The success of the road

The road achieved its purpose. The outcome of the Second Samnite War was at last favorable to Rome. In
a series of blows the Romans reversed their fortunes, bringing Etruria to the table in 311 BC, the very year
of their revolt, and Samnium in 304 BC. The road was the main factor that allowed them to concentrate
their forces with sufficient rapidity and to keep them adequately supplied, whereafter they became a
formidable opponent.

Construction of the road

The main part of the Appian Way was started and finished in
312 BC.

The road began as a leveled dirt road upon which small stones and
mortar were laid. Gravel was laid upon this, which was finally
topped with tight fitting, interlocking stones to provide a flat
surface. The historian Procopius said that the stones fit together so
The path of the Via Appia and of the
securely and closely that they appeared to have grown together
Via Appia Traiana
rather than to have been fitted together.[8] The road was cambered
in the middle (for water runoff) and had ditches on either side of the
road which were protected by retaining walls.

Between Rome and Lake Albano

The road began in the Forum Romanum, passed through the

Servian Wall at the porta Capena, went through a cutting in the
clivus Martis, and left the city. For this stretch of the road, the
builders used the Via Latina. The building of the Aurelian Wall
centuries later required the placing of another gate, the Porta Appia.
Outside of Rome the new Via Appia went through well-to-do
suburbs along the Via Norba, the ancient track to the Alban hills,
where Norba was situated. The road at the time was a via glarea, a
gravel road. The Romans built a high-quality road, with layers of
The Circus of Maxentius.
cemented stone over a layer of small stones, cambered, drainage
ditches on either side, low retaining walls on sunken portions, and
dirt pathways for sidewalks. The Via Appia is believed to have been the first Roman road to feature the use
of lime cement. The materials were volcanic rock. The surface was said to have been so smooth that you
could not distinguish the joints. The Roman section still exists and is lined with monuments of all periods,
although the cement has eroded out of the joints, leaving a very rough surface.

Across the marsh

The road concedes nothing to the Alban hills, but goes straight through them over cuts and fills. The
gradients are steep. Then it enters the former Pontine Marshes. A stone causeway of about 31 kilometers
(19 mi) led across stagnant and foul-smelling pools blocked from the sea by sand dunes. Appius Claudius
planned to drain the marsh, taking up earlier attempts, but he failed. The causeway and its bridges
subsequently needed constant repair. In 162 BC, Marcus Cornelius Cathegus had a canal constructed along
the road to relieve the traffic and provide an alternative when the road was being repaired. Romans
preferred using the canal.

Along the coast

The Via Appia picked up the coastal road at Tarracina (Terracina).

Tomb of Caecilia Metella and the
castrum Caetani
first milestone near the porta Appia.
However, the Romans straightened it somewhat with cuttings,
which form cliffs today. From there the road swerved north to
Capua, where, for the time being, it ended. Caudine Forks was not
far to the north. The itinerary was Aricia (Ariccia), Tres Tabernae,
Forum Appii, Tarracina, Fundi (Fondi), Formiae (Formia),
Minturnae (Minturno), Suessa, Casilinum and Capua, but some of
these were colonies added after the Samnite Wars. The distance was
212 kilometers (132  mi). The original road had no milestones, as
they were not yet in use. A few survive from later times, including a

Extension to Beneventum

The Third Samnite War (298–290 BC) is perhaps misnamed. It was

an all-out attempt by all the neighbors of Rome: Italics, Etruscans
and Gauls, to check the power of Rome. The Samnites were the
leading people of the conspiracy. Rome dealt the northerners a
crushing blow at the Battle of Sentinum in Umbria in 295. The
Samnites fought on alone. Rome now placed 13 colonies in
Campania and Samnium. It must have been during this time that
they extended the Via Appia 35 miles beyond Capua past the
Caudine forks to a place the Samnites called Maloenton, "passage Via Appia within the ancient Minturno
of the flocks". The itinerary added Calatia, Caudium and
Beneventum (not yet called that).[9] Here also ended the Via
Latina.[10]

Extension to Apulia and Calabria

By 290  BC, the sovereignty of the Samnites had ended. The heel of Italy lay open to the Romans. The
dates are somewhat uncertain and there is considerable variation in the sources, but during the Third
Samnite War the Romans seem to have extended the road to Venusia, where they placed a colony of
20,000 men. After that they were at Tarentum.

Roman expansion alarmed Tarentum, the leading city of the Greek presence (Magna Graecia) in southern
Italy. They hired the mercenary, King Pyrrhus of Epirus, in neighboring Greece to fight the Romans on
their behalf. In 280 BC the Romans suffered a defeat at the hands of Pyrrhus at the Battle of Heraclea on
the coast west of Tarentum. The battle was costly for both sides, prompting Pyrrhus to remark "One more
such victory and I am lost." Making the best of it, the Roman army turned on Greek Rhegium and effected
a massacre of Pyrrhian partisans there.
Rather than pursue them, Pyrrhus went straight for Rome along the Via Appia and then the Via Latina. He
knew that if he continued on the Via Appia he could be trapped in the marsh. Wary of such entrapment on
the Via Latina also, he withdrew without fighting after encountering opposition at Anagni. Wintering in
Campania, he withdrew to Apulia in 279  BC, where, pursued by the Romans, he won a second costly
victory at the Battle of Asculum. Withdrawing from Apulia for a Sicilian interlude, he returned to Apulia in
275 BC and started for Campania up the Roman road.

Supplied by that same road, the Romans successfully defended the region against Pyrrhus, crushing his
army in a two-day fight at the Battle of Beneventum in 275  BC. The Romans renamed the town from
"Maleventum" ("site of bad events") to Beneventum ("site of good events") as a result. Pyrrhus withdrew
to Greece, where he died in a street fight in Argos in 272 BC. Tarentum fell to the Romans that same year,
who proceeded to consolidate their rule over all of Italy.[11]

The Romans pushed the Via Appia to the port of Brundisium in 264 BC. The itinerary from Beneventum
was now Venusia, Silvium, Tarentum, Uria and Brundisium. The Roman Republic was the government of
Italy, for the time being. Appius Claudius died in 273, but in extending the road a number of times, no one
has tried to displace his name upon it.

Rediscovery

The Appian Way's path across today's regions Lazio and Campania has always been well known, while the
exact position of the part located in Apulia (the original one, not the extension by Trajan) was unknown,
since there were no visible remains of the Appian Way in that region.[12][13]

In the first half of the 20th century, the professor of ancient Roman topography Giuseppe Lugli managed to
discover, with the then innovative technique of photogrammetry, what probably was the route of the
Appian Way from Gravina in Puglia (Silvium) up to Taranto. When analysing aerophotogrammetric shots
of the area, Lugli noticed a path (Italian: tratturo) named la Tarantina, whose direction was still largely
influenced by the centuriation; this, according to Lugli, was the path of the Appian Way. This path, as well
as the part located in today's Apulia region, was still in use in the Middle Ages. A further piece of evidence
for Lugli's proposed path is the presence of a number of archaeological remains in that region, among them
the ancient settlement of Jesce.[14][15]

By studying the distances given in the Antonine Itinerary, Lugli also assigned the Appian Way stations
Blera and Sublupatia (which also occurs on the Tabula Peutingeriana) respectively to the areas Murgia
Catena and Taverna (between masseria (estate farmhouse) S. Filippo and masseria S. Pietro). However, the
toponym Murgia Catena defined too large an area, so that it didn't allow a clear localization of the Appian
Way station. Recently Luciano Piepoli, based on the distances given in the Antonine Itinerary and on recent
archeological findings, has suggested that Silvium should be Santo Staso, an area very close to Gravina in
Puglia, Blera should be masseria Castello, and Sublupatia should be masseria Caione.[16][17]

Extension by Trajan

The emperor Trajan built the Via Traiana, an extension of the Via Appia from Beneventum, reaching
Brundisium via Canusium and Barium rather than via Tarentum. This was commemorated by an arch at
Beneventum.
Travellers could cross the Adriatic Sea through the Otranto Strait towards Albania either by landing at
present day Durrës through the Via Egnatia or near the ancient town of Apollonia and continue towards
present day Rrogozhina in central Albania.[18]

Notable historical events along the road

The crucifixion of Spartacus' army

In 73 BC, a slave revolt (known as the Third Servile War) under the
ex-gladiator of Capua, Spartacus, began against the Romans. Slaves
accounted for roughly every third person in Italy.

Spartacus defeated many Roman armies in a conflict that lasted for

over two years. While trying to escape from Italy at Brundisium he
unwittingly moved his forces into the historic trap at Apulia in
Calabria. The Romans were well acquainted with the region.
Legions were brought home from abroad and Spartacus was pinned
between armies. The ex-slave army was defeated at the Siler River Emperor Trajan built a deviation of
by Marcus Licinius Crassus. Pompey's armies captured and killed Via Appia. This is a tract of Via
several thousand rebels that escaped from the battle and Crassus Appia Traiana near Egnatia.
captured several thousand more. The Romans judged that the slaves
had forfeited their right to live. In 71  BC, 6,000 slaves were
crucified along the 200-kilometer (120  mi) Via Appia from Rome to
Capua.[19]

The World War II Battle of Anzio

In 1943, during World War II, the Allies fell into the same trap Pyrrhus had
retreated to avoid, in the Pomptine fields, the successor to the Pomptine
marshes. The marsh remained, despite many efforts to drain it, until
engineers working for Benito Mussolini finally succeeded. (Even so, the
fields were infested with malarial mosquitos until the advent of DDT in the
1950s.)
The column in Brindisi,
Hoping to break a stalemate at Monte Cassino, the Allies landed on the
marking the end of the Via
coast of Italy at the Anzio-Nettuno area - ancient Antium - which was Appia
midway between Ostia and Terracina. They found that the place was
undefended. They intended to move along the line of the Via Appia to take
Rome, outflanking Monte Cassino, but they did not do so quickly enough. The Germans occupied Mounts
Laziali and Lepini along the track of the old Via Latina, from which they rained down shells on Anzio.
Even though the Allies expanded into all the Pomptine region, they gained no ground. The Germans
counterattacked down the via Appia from the Alban hills in a front four miles wide, but could not retake
Anzio. The battle lasted for four months, one side being supplied by sea, the other by land through Rome.
In May 1944, the Allies broke out of Anzio and took Rome. The German forces escaped to the north of
Florence.

1960 Summer Olympics

For the 1960 Summer Olympics, it served as part of the men's marathon course that was won by Abebe
Bikila of Ethiopia.[20][21]

Main sights

Via Appia antica

After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, the road fell out of use; Pope
Pius VI ordered its restoration. A new Appian Way was built in parallel
with the old one in 1784 as far as the Alban Hills region. The new road is
the Via Appia Nuova ("New Appian Way") as opposed to the old section,
now known as Via Appia Antica. The old Appian Way close to Rome is
now a free tourist attraction. It was extensively restored for Rome's
Millennium and Great Jubilee celebrations. The first 5 kilometers (3 mi) are
still heavily used by cars, buses and coaches but from then on traffic is very
light and the ruins can be explored on foot in relative safety. The Church of
Via Appia Antica 4.1 km Domine Quo Vadis is in the second mile of the road. Along or close to the
South-East from Porta part of the road closest to Rome, there are three catacombs of Roman and
Appia (Porta San early Christian origin and one of Jewish origin.
Sebastiano), the gate of the
Aurelian Walls The construction of Rome's ring road, the Grande Raccordo Anulare or
GRA, in 1951 caused the Appian Way to be cut in two. More recent
improvements to the GRA have rectified this through the construction of a
tunnel under the Appia, so that it is now possible to follow the Appia on foot for about 16 km (10 mi) from
its beginning near the Baths of Caracalla.

Many parts of the original road beyond Rome's environs have been preserved, and some are now used by
cars (for example, in the area of Velletri). The road inspires the last movement of Ottorino Respighi's Pini di
Roma. To this day the Via Appia contains the longest stretch of straight road in Europe,[22] totaling 62 km
(39 mi).

Monuments along the Via Appia

1st to 4th mile

Porta Appia (Porta San Sebastiano), the gate of the
Aurelian Walls
Church of Domine Quo Vadis
Tomb of Priscilla
Catacomb of Callixtus The Appian Way as it appeared in
Hypogeum of Vibia Piranesi's imagination (1756)
San Sebastiano fuori le mura
Catacombs of St Sebastian
Vigna Randanini Jewish catacombs
Circus of Maxentius
Tomb of Caecilia Metella
Roman baths of Capo di Bove
 Tomb of Hilarus Fuscus

5th mile
Mausoleum of the Orazi and Curiazi
Villa dei Quintili, with nympheum, theatre, and baths
Mausoleum of Casal Rotondo

6th mile and beyond

Minucia tomb
Torre Selce
Temple of Hercules The Mausoleum of the Curiazi has
been dated to between the end of
Berrettia di Prete (tomb and later church)
the Republic and the beginning of
Mausoleum of Gallienus the Empire
Tres Tabernae
Villa of Publius Clodius Pulcher (in the Villa Santa
Caterina, owned by the Pontifical North American
College), 14th mile
Villa of Pompey

Roman bridges along the road

There are the remains of several Roman bridges along the road,
including the Ponte di Tre Ponti, Ponte di Vigna Capoccio, Viadotta
di Valle Ariccia, Ponte Alto and Ponte Antico. Torre Selce, a 12th-century tower
built on a much older mausoleum

See also
Appian Way Regional Park
Park of the Caffarella which borders the northern side of the Appian Way
Roman bridge
Roman engineering
Three Taverns
The Pines of the Appian Way, a movement of Ottorino Respighi's tone poem Pines of Rome

References
1. L. Quilici; S. Quilici Gigli; R. Talbert; S. Gillies; T. Elliott; J. Becker. "Places: 356966898 (Via
Appia)" (http://pleiades.stoa.org/places/356966898). Pleiades. Retrieved 14 March 2013.
2. Silvae, 2.2 (https://archive.org/stream/statiusstat01statuoft#page/96/mode/2up).
3. Povoledo, Elisabetta (5 April 2008). "Past Catches Up With the Queen of Roads" (https://ww
w.nytimes.com/2008/04/05/arts/design/05appi.html). New York Times. Retrieved 5 April
2008. "In ancient times the Appian Way, which links Rome to the southern city of Brindisi,
was known as the regina viarum, the queen of the roads. But these days its crown appears
to be tarnished by chronic traffic congestion, vandalism and, some of its guardians grumble,
illegal development."
 4. "The Appian Way is still a good military road" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=9ch
eAAAAIBAJ&sjid=WzIMAAAAIBAJ&pg=1274%2C4114284). Lewiston Morning Tribune.
(Idaho). Associated Press. 4 June 1944. p. 4, section 2.
5. "Appian Way" in Chambers's Encyclopædia. London: George Newnes, 1961, Vol. 1, p. 490.
6. William Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (London, 1854), 1288. [1] (https://
www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0064:entry=via-appia-geo)
7. Rodgers, Nigel (2008). Roman Empire. New York, USA: Metro Books. p. 116. ISBN 978-1-
4351-0455-6.
8. Tingay, G.I.F., and J. Badcock. These Were The Romans. ed. Chester Springs,
Pennsylvania: Dufour Editions, Inc., 1989.
9. William Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (London, 1854), 1292–93. [2] (htt
ps://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0064:entry=via-appia-ge
o)
10. William Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (London, 1854), 1303. [3] (https://
www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0064:entry=via-latina-geo)
11. See The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History, p. 66
12. lugli-orientate
13. piepoli-2014
14. lugli-orientate
15. piepoli-2014
16. lugli-orientate
17. piepoli-2014
18. Elsie, Robert (2010). Historical Dictionary of Albania (https://books.google.com/books?id=ha
FlGXIg8uoC&q=via+appia+albania&pg=PA471). ISBN 978-0-8108-7380-3.
19. Appian, Civil Wars, 1.120 (https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Appian/Civ
il_Wars/1*.html#120).
20. 1960 Summer Olympics official report. (http://www.la84foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1
960/OR1960v1.pdf) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20081031012134/http://www.la84
foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1960/OR1960v1.pdf) 31 October 2008 at the Wayback
Machine Volume 1. pp. 80–81.
21. 1960 Summer Olympics official report. (http://www.la84foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1
960/OR1960v2pt1.pdf) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20080527211502/http://www.l
a84foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1960/OR1960v2pt1.pdf) 27 May 2008 at the
Wayback Machine Volume 2. Part 1. pp. 117–18.
22. Magli, Giulio (2007). "Astronomical references in the planning of ancient roads".
arXiv:0706.1325 (https://arxiv.org/abs/0706.1325) [physics.hist-ph (https://arxiv.org/archive/p
hysics.hist-ph)].

Bibliography
Berechman, Joseph. 2003. "Transportation––Economic Aspects of Roman Highway
Development: The Case of Via Appia." Transportation Research Part A 37, no. 5: 453–78.
Coarelli, Filippo. 2007. Rome and environs: An archaeological guide. Translated by James
J. Clauss and Daniel P. Harmon. Berkeley: Univ. of California Press.
Della Portella, Ivana. 2004. The Appian Way: From Its Foundation to the Middle Ages. Los
Angeles: J. Paul Getty Museum.
Dubbini, Rachele. 2016. "A New Republican Temple on the Via Appia, at the Borders of
Rome's Urban Space." Journal of Roman Archaeology 29: 327–47.
 Kleijn, M. de, R. de Hond, and O. Martinez-Rubi. 2016. "A 3D Spatial Data Infrastructure for
Mapping the Via Appia." Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage 3: 23–32.
Magli, Giulio, Eugenio Realini, Mirko Reguzzoni, and Daniele Sampietro. 2014.
"Uncovering a Masterpiece of Roman Engineering: The Project of Via Appia between Colle
Pardo and Terracina." Journal of Cultural Heritage 15, no. 6: 665–69.
Peterson, John. 2015. "Modelling Roman surveying in the Pontine plain." 1st International
Conference on Metrology for Archaeology Benevento, Italy, 22–23 October 2015 445–9.
Luciano Piepoli (2014). "Il percorso della via Appia antica nell'Apulia et Calabria: stato
dell'arte e nuove acquisizioni sul tratto Gravina-Taranto" (https://www.academia.edu/196538
93). Vetera Christianorum (in Italian) (51): 239–261.
Giuseppe Lugli. La via Appia attraverso l'Apulia e un singolare gruppo di strade "orientate"
(http://emeroteca.provincia.brindisi.it/Archivio%20Storico%20Pugliese/1955/Archivio%20St
orico%20pugliese%20A.8%201955%20fasc.1-4%20articoli%20PDF/La%20Via%20Appia%
20Attraverso%20L'Apulia%20e%20un%20Singolare%20Gruppo%20di%20Strade%20Orie
ntate.pdf) (PDF) (in Italian). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211229212533/http://e
meroteca.provincia.brindisi.it/Archivio%20Storico%20Pugliese/1955/Archivio%20Storico%2
0pugliese%20A.8%201955%20fasc.1-4%20articoli%20PDF/La%20Via%20Appia%20Attrav
erso%20L'Apulia%20e%20un%20Singolare%20Gruppo%20di%20Strade%20Orientate.pdf)
(PDF) from the original on 29 December 2021.
Smith, William (1854). Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (https://www.perseus.tuft
s.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3atext%3a1999.04.0064). London.

External links
Official website (https://www.camminodellappia.it)
Appian Way Regional Park (https://www.parcoappiaantica.it)
Ivana Della Portella, Giuseppina Pisani Sartorio, Francesca Ventre. The Appian Way: From
Its Foundation to the Middle Ages. Los Angeles, 2004 (Google Books Preview). (https://book
s.google.com/books?id=cIcpKJw2ajgC&q=appian+way)
Via Appia Antica From Torre In Selci To Frattocchie (http://www.romeartlover.it/Appia.html)
Via Appia Antica From Cecilia Metella To Torre In Selci (http://www.romeartlover.it/Appia2.ht
ml)
The Via Appia And The Cities Of The Pontine Plain (http://www.oldandsold.com/articles27n/
roman-cities-8.shtml)
Documentary Film about the Sassi di Matera and the Appian Way, Roba Forestiera, 44 min.,
2004 (http://www.ilmarefilm.org/archive/roba_archiv_E.html)
New York Times article on condition of Appian Way in modern times (https://www.nytimes.co
m/2008/04/05/arts/design/05appi.html?_r=1&scp=1&sq=appian+way+rita&st=nyt&oref=slogi
n)
Omnes Viae: Via Appia on the Tabula Peutingeriana (https://web.archive.org/web/20110513
105613/http://www.omnesviae.org/#!iter_ROMA_Benebento)
Robert Kaster's "Advice for the Traveler" (http://www.press.uchicago.edu/books/excerpt/201
2/kaster_appian.html) excerpted from The Appian Way: Ghost Road, Queen of Roads

Media related to Via Appia at Wikimedia Commons

Preceded by Landmarks of Rome Succeeded by

Spanish Steps Appian Way Campo de' Fiori
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Appian_Way&oldid=1169336226"