Engineering Electromagnetics (300481)

Tutorial 1
Waves and Phasors

Reference: Ulaby (Chapter 1)

Try any of the questions from the text. Answers are supplied to odd numbered
Problems.

Q1. Problem 1.8.

Two waves on a string are given by the following functions:
y1 ( x, t ) = 4 cos(20t − 30 x) cm
y1 ( x, t ) = −4 cos(20t + 30 x) cm
where x is in centimetres. The waves are said to interfere constructively when their
superposition y s = y1 + y 2 is a maximum and they interfere destructively when y s

is a minimum.
a) what are the directions of propagation of waves y1 ( x, t ) and y 2 ( x, t ) ?
b) at t = ( / 50) s, at what location x do the two waves interfere
constructively, and what is the corresponding value of y s ?

c) at t = ( / 50) s, at what location x do the two waves interfere destructively,

and what is the corresponding value of y s ?
Q2. Problem1.14
A certain electromagnetic wave travelling in sea water was observed to have an
amplitude of 98.02 (V/m) at a depth of 10 m and an amplitude of 81.87 (V/m) at a
depth of 100 m. what is the attenuation constant of sea water?

Q3. Problem 1.20

Find complex numbers t = z1 + z 2 and s = z1 − z 2 , both in polar form, for each of the
following pairs
a) z1 = 2 + j 3 and z 2 = 1 − j 2
b) z1 = 3 and z2 = − j 3

c) z1 = 3300 , z 2 = 3 − 300

d) z1 = 3300 , z 2 = 3 − 1500
Q4. Problem 1.28
A series RLC circuit is connected to a generator with a voltage
vs (t ) = V0 cos(t +  / 3)
a) write down the voltage loop equation in terms of the current i (t ) , R, L, C, and
v s (t ) .
b) Obtain the corresponding phasor-domain equation
~
c) Solve the equation to obtain an expression for the phasor current I
 Engineering Electromagnetics (300481)
Tutorial 2
Reference: Ulaby (Chapter 2)

Try any of the questions from the text. Answers are supplied to odd numbered
Problems.

Q1. Problem 2.1. A transmission line of length l connects a load to a sinusoidal

voltage source with an oscillatory frequency f. Assuming the velocity of wave
propagation on the line is c, for which of the following situations is it reasonable to
ignore the presence of the transmission line in the solution of the circuit:
a) L=20 cm, f=10 KHz
b) L=50 Km, f=60 Hz
c) L=20 cm, f=600 MHz
d) L=1 mm, f=100 GHz
e)

Q2. Problem2.13 In addition to not dissipating power, a lossless line has two
important features: (1) it is dispertionless (mp is independent of frequency) and (2) its
characteristic impedance Z0 is purely real. Sometimes, it is not possible to design a
transmission line such that R′≪wL′ and G′≪wC′, but it is possible to choose the
dimensions of the line and its material properties so as to satisfy the condition
R′C′ = L′G′ (distortionless line).
Such a line is called a distortionless line because despite the fact that it is not lossless,
it does nonetheless possess the previously mentioned features of the loss line. Show
that for a distortionless line,
Q2. Problem 2.14. For a distortionless line with Z 0 = 50 ,  = 40(mNp / m) ,

u p = 2.5 x10 8 (m / s) , find the line parameters and  at 100 MHz.

Q3. Problem 2.19. A 50  lossless transmission line is terminated in a load with
impedance ZL=(30-j50)  . The wavelength is 8 cm. Find
a) The reflection coefficient at the load
b) The standing wave ratio on the line
c) The position of the voltage maximum nearest the load
d) The position of the current maximum nearest the load
Q4. Problem 2.32. A 6-m section of 150 Ω lossless line is driven by a source with
vg(t) = 5cos(8π ×107t −30◦) (V)
and Zg = 150 Ω. If the line, which has a relative permittivity εr = 2.25, is terminated in
a load ZL = (150− j50) Ω., determine:
(a) λ on the line.
(b) The reflection coefficient at the load.
(c) The input impedance.
(d) The input voltage e Vi.
(e) The time-domain input voltage vi(t)
 Engineering Electromagnetics (300481)
Tutorial 3 solution (transmission lines)

Reference: Ulaby (Chapter 2)

.
 Engineering Electromagnetics (300481)
Tutorial 4 (Vector analysis)

Reference: Ulaby (Chapter 3)

Try any of the questions from the text. Answers are supplied to odd numbered
Problems.

Q1. Problem 3.11. Find a unit vector parallel to either direction of the line
described by 2x − z = 4

Q2. Problem 3.15. A certain plane described by 2 x + 3 y + 4 z = 16 . Find a unit

vector normal to the surface in the direction away from the origin
Q3. Problem 3.22 (a). Use the appropriate expression for the differential surface
area ds to determine the area of the following surface r = 2 ,0     / 3 ,
−2  z  2.
Q4. Problem 3.23 (b). Find the volumes described by 0  R  5 , 0     / 3 ,
0    2

1
Q5. Problem 3.37. For the scalar function U = sin 2  determine its directional
R
derivative along the range direction R̂ and then evaluate it at P(4,  / 4,  / 2)

Q6. Problem 3.43. For the vector field E = xˆxy − yˆ ( x 2 + 2 y 2 ) , calculate

a)  E.dl around the triangular contour shown in Figure below

C

b)  (  E ).ds over the area of the triangle

S
 Engineering Electromagnetics (300481)
Tutorial Solution 5 (Electrostatics)

Q1. Problem 4.8 An electron beam shaped like a circular cylinder of radius r0
 − 0 
carries a charge density given by  v =   (C / m ) where ρ0 is a
3

1+ r 
2

positive constant and the beam’s axis is coincident with the z axis
a) Determine the total charge contained in length L of the beam
b) If the electrons are moving in the z direction with uniform speed u, determine
the magnitude and direction of the current crossing the z-plane.

Q2. Problem 4.13 Electric charge is distributed along an arc located in the x-y
plane and defined by r=2 cm and 0     / 4 . If  l = 5(C / m) , find E at

(0,0,z) and then evaluate it at:

a) The origine
b) Z = 5 cm
c) Z = -5 cm

Engineering Electromagnetics 300481 A.H Spring session

Q3. Problem 4.22 Charge Q1 is uniformly distributed over a thin spherical shell of
radius a, and charge Q2 is uniformly distributed over a second spherical shell
of radius b, with b>a. Apply Gauss’s law t find E in the regions R<a, a<R<b,
and R>b.

Engineering Electromagnetics 300481 A.H Spring session

Q4.
18
Problem 4.34 Given the electric field E = Rˆ 2 (V / m ) . Find the electric
R
potential of point A with respect to point B where A is at + 2 m and B at – 4
m, both on the z-axis.

Engineering Electromagnetics 300481 A.H Spring session

Q5. Problem 4.45 A 2 cm dielectric sphere embedded in a medium with ε2r = 9.
If E2 = Rˆ 3 cos − ˆ3 sin  (V / m) in the surrounding region, find E1 and D1
in the sphere.

Q6. Problem 4.48 Determine the force of attraction in a parallel-plate capacitor

with A = 5 cm2, d = 2 cm , and εr = 4 if the voltage across it is 50 V.

Engineering Electromagnetics 300481 A.H Spring session

 Engineering Electromagnetics (300481)
Tutorial 6 (Magnetostatics)

Q1. Problem 5.5 In a cylindrical coordinate system, a 2 m long straight wire

carrying a current of 5 A in the positive z direction is located at r = 4 cm,
 = /2 and –1 m  z  1 m
a) If B = r̂ 0.2 cos (T), what is the magnetic force acting on the wire?
b) How much work is required to rotate the wire about the z-axis in the
negative  direction (while maintaining r=4 cm)?
c) At what angle  is the force a maximum?

Q2. Problem 5.11 An infinitely long wire carrying a 25-A current in the positive
x-direction is placed along x-axis in the vicinity of a 20-turn circular loop
(r=1m) located on the x-y plane. If the magnetic field at the centre of the loop
is zero, what is the direction and magnitude of the current flowing in the loop?
Q3. Problem 5.18 Three long parallel wires are arranged as shown in the figure
below. Determine the force per unit length acting on the wire carrying I3.
Q4. Problem 5.21 A long cylindrical conductor whose axis is coincident with the
z axis has a radius a and carries a current characterized by a current density
J = zˆJ 0 / r , where J0 is a constant and r is the radial distance from the
cylinder’s axis. Obtain an expression for the magnetic Field H for
a) 0ra
b) r>a

Q5. Problem 5.27 A thin current element extending between z = − L / 2 , and

z = L / 2 carries a current I along + ẑ .through a circular cross section of radius
a.
a) Find A at a point P located very far from the origin (assume R is so much
larger than L that point P may be considered to be at approximately the
same distance from every point along the current element).
b) Determine the corresponding H
Q6. Problem 5.32 In the figure below, the plane defined by x − y = 1 separates
medium 1 of permeability 1 from medium 2 of permeability 2. If no surface
current exists on the boundary and B1 = xˆ 2 + yˆ 3 . Find B2 and then evaluate
your result for 1=52. Hint: start out by deriving the equation for the unit
vector normal to the given plane.
Q7. Problem 5.38 The rectangular loop shown below is coplanar with the long
straight wire carrying the current I=20 A. Determine the magnetic flux
through the loop.
 Engineering Electromagnetics (300481)
Tutorial solution 07
(Maxwell’s Equations for Time-Varying Field)

Q1. Problem 6.6 The square loop shown in the figure below is coplanar with a
long straight wire carrying a current
i(t ) = 5 cos 2 104 t (A)
a) Determine the emf induced across a small gap created in the loop?
b) Determine the direction and magnitude of the current that would flow
through a 4 resistor connected across the gap. The loop has an
internal resistance of 1.

Loop coplanar with long wire

Tutorial 7, Maxwell’s equations

Q2. Problem 6.10 The loop shown in the figure below moves away from a wire
carrying a current I1 = 10 (A) at a constant velocity u = yˆ 7.5(m / s ) . If R = 10
and the direction of I2 is as defined in the figure, Find I2 as a function of y0,
the distance between the wire and the loop. Ignore the internal resistance of
the loop.

Tutorial 7, Maxwell’s equations

Q3. Problem 6.16 The parallel-plate capacitor shown in the figure below is filled
with a lossy dielectric material of relative permittivity r and conductivity .
The separation between the plates is d and each plate is of area A. The
capacitor is connected to a time varying voltage source V(t).
a) Obtain an expression for Ic, the conduction current flowing between the
plates inside the capacitor, in terms of the given quantities.
b) Obtain an expression for Id the displacement flowing inside the capacitor
c) Based on your expression for parts (a) and (b), give an equivalent
representation for the capacitor.
d) Evaluate the values of the circuit elements for A = 4 cm2, d = 0.5 cm, r =
4,  = 2.5 (S/m), and V(t) = 10 cos (3 x 103t) (V).

Tutorial 7, Maxwell’s equations

Q4. The electric field radiated by a short dipole antenna is given in spherical
coordinates by
2 10−2
E (R, , t ) = ˆ
R
( )
sin  cos 6 108 t − 2R (V / m)
Find H (R, , t ) .

Tutorial 7, Maxwell’s equations

Tutorial 7, Maxwell’s equations
 Engineering Electromagnetics (300481)
Tutorial 8 Solution
(Plane Wave Propagation)

Q1. Problem 7.3 The electric field phasor of a uniform plane wave is given by
~
E = yˆ10e j 0.2 z (V / m) . If the phase velocity of the wave is 1.5x108 m/s and the
relative permeability of the medium is μr = 2.4, find (a) the wavelength, (b) the
frequency f of the wave, (c) the relative permittivity of the medium, and (d)
the magnetic field H(z,t).

Q2. Problem 7.6 The electric field of a plane wave propagating in a lossless
nonmagnetic dielectric material with  r = 2.5 is given by
E = yˆ 20cos(6  109 t − kz)
Determine:

Tuorial 8 , Plane wave Propagation

 a) f , u p ,  , k ,
b) the magnetic field H

Q3. Problem 7.18 Ignoring reflection at the air soil boundary, if the amplitude of a
3-GHz incident wave is 10 V/m at the surface of a wet soil medium, at what
depth will it be down to 1 V/m? Wet soil is characterised by
r = 1,  r = 9, and  = 5 10-4 S/m

Tuorial 8 , Plane wave Propagation

Q4. Problem7.27 The electric field phasor of a uniform plane wave travelling
downward in water is given by
~
E = x̂5e −0.2 z e − j 0.2 z (V/m)
Where z is the downward direction and z=0 is the water surface. If  = 4 S/m,
(a) Obtain an expression for the average power density,
(b) Determine the attenuation rate
(c) Determine the depth at which the power density has been reduced by 40
dB

Tuorial 8 , Plane wave Propagation