IoT connectivity made easier

STM32 MCUs & LoRa®

 Agenda

1 What is the IoT?

2 Communication technologies overview

3 What is LPWAN?

4 LoRa® and LoRa Alliance

4 LoRa® technology modulation and LoRaWAN® network protocol

5 STM32 boosting LoRa® (roadmap, demos, competition, and schedule)

2
 Your industrial IoT application
& the key to success

Inexpensive Global mobility

Multiusage

Security Long range

Max lifetime

Bidirectional True location

More info from slide 10 3

 What is IoT?
While M2M networks connect machines in closed systems,
IoT enhances the exiting networks through an intelligent cloud.

Cloud

• Real-time analytics
• Managed APIs
• Internet scale awareness
Things Human (us)

IoT
4
 LoRa® takes Industrial IoT a step further

Consumer IoT Industrial IoT

Rely on Bluetooth® Low Energy, Wi-Fi, and 4G Extend the range of connected objects with LoRa®.

Services
• Health tracking Ethernet
• Food lifestyle Network Server
• Weight control 3G/4G
Wi-Fi * Application server
• FW update … Ethernet
3G/4G Admin control

Wi-Fi *

Gateway

Bluetooth® Low
Energy

* Wi-Fi to Cloud connection via a Gateway

5
 Making our daily life easier with IoT devices

45 billion connected devices by 2023

Billion units installed base

80
2021 2025
70

60
66
50 billion
40

30 37
billion
20

10

- 6
Source: ABI Research
 Communication technologies - overview
WIFI/BT CELLULAR
Mbps
Kbps

VERY SHORT RANGE LPWAN

SHORT RANGE
Bps

1cm 10m 100m 1km 10km

7
 ISM worldwide regulation

Output Power vs duty cycle

Countries Frequency band review Max. output power

EU 868 MHz 14 dBm

USA 915 MHz 20 dBm

Korea 900 MHz

14 dBm
Japan 920 MHz
Malaysia 862 to 875 MHz
Philippines 868 MHz
Vietnam 920 to 925 MHz
India 865 to 867 MHz
Singapore 922 MHz 20 dBm
Thailand 920 to 925 MHz
Indonesia 922 MHz
ANZ 915 to 928 MHz
Taiwan 920 to 925 MHz

China 470 to 510 MHz 17 dBm

8
 sub-GHz and IoT

The 2 solutions to address the IoT over LPWAN

• sub-GHz is a fragmented segment with many dedicated protocols and solutions to

address different needs.
• An initiative of standardization is on-going with LTE, LoRa®, Sigfox…
• Standardization will be an enabler for industrial applications (meters), Smart Cities.

9
 What is LoRa®?
1. A sub-GHz wireless technology enabling low data rate communication over long distances
2. Targeting M2M and internet of things, IoT applications
3. LoRa® technology provides a WAN capability, using a MAC protocol named LoRaWAN®

Long range Max lifetime Multiusage Inexpensive

• Greater than cellular • Low power optimized • High capacity • Minimal infrastructure
• Deep indoor coverage • 10- to 20-year lifetime • Multitenant • Low-cost end-node
• Star topology • >10x vs cellular M2M • Public network • Open software

True location Bidirectional Global mobility Security

• Indoor and outdoor • Bidirectional • True mobility • Unique ID
• Accurate • Scalable capacity • Seamless • Application
• Broadcast • Roaming • Network

Source: Semtech 10
 ST and the alliance

The era of the internet of things is now

The LoRa® Alliance is an open, non-profit association of members. Its mission is to ensure
that LoRaWAN® is the open global standard for secure, carrier-grade IoT LPWAN connectivity.
Visit www.lora-alliance.org

Source: LoRa Alliance 11

The LoRa® Alliance

Source: LoRa Alliance 12

 The LoRa® network deployment

August 2022
LoRa® Alliance is not responsible for the accuracy of information presented

Source: LoRa Alliance 13

 LoRa® technology modulation

• LoRa® technology is based on the

spread spectrum technology.
• It is a chirped frequency
Modulation.

Source: Semtech 14
 LoRaWAN® device classes

3 classes to cover all use cases

Class name Intended usage

Battery powered sensors (or actuators with no latency Mainly uplink with two potential
A (“all”) constraint) downlink slots after each uplink
Most energy efficient communication class.
Must be supported by all devices.
Battery powered actuators Programmed downlink slots to
B (“beacon”) Energy efficient communication class for latency- allow control within certain
controlled downlink. latency limits
Based on slotted communication synchronized with a
network beacon.
Main powered actuators Lowest latency command and
C (“continuous”) Devices, which can afford to listen continuously. control for less power critical
No latency for downlink communication. devices

Source: Semtech 15
 LoRaWAN® device classes

Class A–Bidirectional communication

END DEVICES
Source: Semtech 16
 LoRaWAN® device classes

Class B–bidirectional communication

END DEVICES Preprogrammed Rx slots synchronized by gateway beacons

Source: Semtech 17
 LoRa® network protocol

Network topology overview

D1 Dx Dx

D2 Dx Dx

D3 Dx Dx

Dx Dx Dx

Network servers
Dx Dx Dx

Gateways
Devices Application
servers
Long-range sub-GHz 3G / 4G / Ethernet Ethernet
LoRa® (IP) (IP)
18
 LoRa® network protocol

Solution providers

Device

SILICON MODULES DEVICES GATEWAY NETWORK SERVER APPLICATON SERVER

Powered by STM32
19
 LoRaWAN® - security

A native 128-bit AES security network protocol

• Device address (DevAddr) is a 32-bit identifier.

• Unique within the network
• Available in each data frame and shared between end-device, N.S, and A.S

• Network session key (NwkSKey) is a 128-bit AES encryption key.

• Unique per end-device and shared between end-device and N.S
• It allows message integrity communication between end-device and N.S

• Application session Key (AppSKey) is a 128-bit AES encryption key.

• Unique per end-device and shared between end-device and A.S
• It is used to encrypt / decrypt A.S server messages to the end-device.

• To increase end-device authentication and security, a secure element can be added to the device

20
 LoRa® powered by STM32WL

Find out more at www.st.com/STM32WL World first!

Single silicon die.

STM32L4
+ (G)FSK
(G)MSK
BPSK

=
+Arm
STM32WL
Cortex®-M0+

21
 Alternatives: LoRa® powered by STM32

Find out more at www.st.com/STM32-LRWAN

USI® module Murata® module

AT command All-in-one open

First generation Flexible design architecture Latest generation

modules based on More than 1300 STM8/STM32 part numbers modules based on
STM32L0 STM32WL
• STM32CubeWL embedded software contains LoRaWANstack for STM32WL.
• I-CUBE-LRWAN STM32 embedded software (LoRaWAN® stack for standalone STM32s) is compatible with Semtech SX127x & SX126x transceivers.
22
 STM32WL–ecosystem overview

Fully integrated into the rich and market-proven STM32 ecosystem

STM32 Nucleo-64 Dev tools Stacks

Flexible prototyping STM32CubeMX LoRaWAN® / Sigfox (ST)
STM32CubeWL Wireless-MBUS / Mioty (Stackforce)
STM32CubeMonitor
STM32CubeProg Zeta (Zifisense), SCHC (Acklio);
STM32CubeIDE + Partners IDEs Embenet (Embetech);

23
 The tools that you need for your design

Security services 1.0.4 Demo board

Radio stacks Nucleo boards
RTOS SOFTWARE Hardware Reference designs

Online trainings
35 application notes STM32WL
Wiki.st.com
ecosystem Complete suite of
Getting started with LEARN development
TOOLS tools
LoRaWAN®

24
 The STM32WL Nucleo-64 at a glance

SMA antenna connector

NUCLEO-WL55JC1
Arduino™ extension connectors:
868/915/923 MHz easy access to add-ons
EU/US/APAC
STM32WL
(under a metallic shield)
NUCLEO-WL55JC2
Integrated ST-LINK/V3:
433/470 MHz mass storage device flash memory programming

CN
4 push buttons, 3 color LEDs,
Jumper settings

Flexible board power supply :

through USB or external source

25
 STM32WL - certifications overview

Protocol and commercial certifications

26
 Legacy LoRaWAN® ecosystem for STM32

With a wide and existing ecosystem

Hardware tools Dev tools LoRaWAN® stack

STM32CubeMX

STLINK Utility
Discovery kit Expansion board
ST and Murata® ST and USI® Partners IDE
P/N: B-L072Z-LRWAN1 P/N: I-NUCLEO-LRWAN1

LoRa Starter Pack I-CUBE-LRWAN

ST, USI® & RinsingHF®
P/N: P-NUCLEO-LRWAN2 System
P/N: P-NUCLEO-LRWAN3 for STM32

(Click on the icon or link) 27

 Legacy hardware tools
B-L072Z-LRWAN1:
Murata® STM32 and LoRa® discovery kit
Flexible board power supply:
through USB or external source

Integrated ST-Link/V2-1:
mass storage device flash memory programming

2 push buttons, 2 color LEDs,

Jumper settings

Arduino™ extension connectors:

easy access to add-ons

Murata® module

SMA antenna connector

28
 Legacy hardware tools
I-NUCLEO-LRWAN1:
USI ® STM32 Nucleo expansion board for LoRa ®

SMA antenna connector

Pressure, humidity, temperature, and 3D

MEMS

Arduino™ extension connector

USI® module

29
 Hardware tools
P-NUCLEO-LRWAN2 & 3:
LoRaWAN® starter Pack

SMA antenna connector

USI® module

RisingHF® module
Pressure, humidity,
temperature,
3D MEMS

Gateway & end-node

shields on Arduino™
extension connectors

Pack P-NUCLEO-LRWAN2 Pack P-NUCLEO-LRWAN3 30

EU/US/APAC (868/915/923 MHz) CN (433/470 MHz)
 LoRa® technology powered by STM32

The widest ecosystem ever!

Best-in-class in ultra-low-power LoRa® Gateway STM32F7 based

and long range

Widest hardware & software

ecosystem

Easy to use NUCLEO-WL55JCx

STM32WL Nucleo board

B-L072Z-LRWAN1 I-NUCLEO-LRWAN1 STANDALONE SOLUTIONS

LPWAN discovery kit LoRa® + MEMS Shield LoRa® Nucleo packs
31
 Find out more at www.st.com/STM32WL

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