AKM 204E – Fluid Mechanics

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 Exam Duration 110 min.

 SI Unit system is required.
 For purpose; g=9.81 m/s2, w=1000 kg/m3, w=9810 N/m3, w=110-6 m2/s ve Patm,absolute=98.10 kPa

Question 1. Navier- Stokes equation is given for 3D flow of incompressible and real fluids at x direction as;

𝑑𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 1 𝜕𝑝 𝜕 𝑢 𝜕 𝑢 𝜕 𝑢
= +𝑢 +𝑣 +𝜔 =𝐾 − +𝜈 + +
𝑑𝑡 𝜕𝑡 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧 𝜌 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧
a. Explain each term of the Equation.
b. How equation will change for ideal fluid condition?
c. Derive hydrostatic pressure by using this equation in vertical direction.

Question 2.

a. Write down the energy equation for real fluids.

b. Explain physical end geometrical meanings of each term of the equation.
c. Pressure was determined on the horizontal and constant diameter pipe with a certain distance. Could we determine
headloss between pressure measurement points by using this equation? Explain your answer.

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 AKM 204E – Fluid Mechanics

Final Exam

Question 3.
a. Show that rotational and irrotational flows on the figure.
b. Prove that stream and potential lines are perpendicular to each other.
c. Derive the Continuity Equation for two-dimensional flow of real fluid and write this equation for steady current
condition.

Question 4.

Calculate magnitude, direction and location of the resultant force exerted by the water on this rectangular tunnel plug for
unit width.

0.60 m

2.50 m

60

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 AKM 204E – Fluid Mechanics

Final Exam

Student ID Name-Surname Signature

g=9.81 m/s2; su=1000 kg/m3; su=9810 N/m3;
su=110-6 m2/s; Patm,mutlak=98.10 kPa

Question 5. For the flow of an ideal and incompressible fluid (water) in the system shown in the figure:
a. Describe the properties of the flow at the pipe AB (uniform/non-uniform and/or steady/unsteady).
b. Compute the discharge (Q) of the system.
c. Determine the mean velocities at the sections A, B, and C of the pipe.
d. Determine the flow type (laminar/turbulent) at the outlet point, i.e. section C (water =10-6 m²/s).
e. Determine the water surface levels in the mounted tubes and draw the relative energy and hydraulic grade lines.
f. Determine the minimum value of the pipe diameter at the section B (DB=DB,2=DB,min), provided that the discharge (Q)
remains constant and there is no vaporisation (Absolute vapour pressure of water, P vw, is 2,45 KN/m2).
Closed ended

Open ended

basin →∞

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 AKM 204E – Fluid Mechanics

Final Exam

Question6. That place (hatched area) covers 12,5 cm rectengular hole. What is the maximum H which can be maintained
without leaking (for 10 cm widh)?

3.3 m
15 cm, d1

12,5 cm, d2

Question 6. One of the velocity component of the flow in the x-y plate is u=2.x.t.

a) Determine the other component “ v ” of the velocity.

b) Determine the flow is steady or not.
c) Determine the stream function of the flow.
d) Find the flow is rotational or irrotational and determine the potential function of the flow if it is exist.

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