‘

BREATHE IN AND BREATHE OUT -

For SCIENCE Grade 9
HOW THE RESPIRATORY
Quarter 1 / WeekSYSTEM
1 WORKS

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 FOREWORD

This Self-learning Kit (SLK) for Science 9 is designed to help

students like you to understand how the parts of the respiratory
system function in order for oxygen to be transported to all parts of
the body. Also, this material is crafted for you to learn the
mechanism of inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide. The
transport of oxygen and nutrients to all parts of the body is a
collaborative function of both the respiratory and circulatory systems
thus, this SLK is just a partial guide to fully attain the competencies
intended for this topic. Another SLK for Circulatory system is made
available for you.

The first part of this Self Learning Kit is composed of pre-activities

which will let you travel back to memory lane by recalling your prior
knowledge of the human respiratory system which you have already
taken up in your lower grades as early as Grade 5.

The second part is a journey to the present focusing on the

discussion about the parts and functions of the human respiratory
system and the process of breathing which will help you deepen
your understanding of the lesson.

The last part is your preparation for your travel to the future. It is
composed of post activities and written assessments that will allow
you to be evaluated whether the objectives are met and
competencies are attained

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 OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the learners shall be able to:
K: identify the different structures of the respiratory
system;
S: explain the process of breathing in oxygen and
breathing out carbon dioxide; and
A: acknowledge the importance of a functional
respiratory system for a healthy human body.

LEARNING COMPETENCY
Explain how the respiratory and circulatory systems work
together to transport nutrients, gases, and other molecules to and
from the different parts of the body.
S9LT-Ic-26.

I.WHAT HAPPENED

PRE-ACTIVITIES

I. Labelling of Parts
Directions: Label the parts of the Human Respiratory System.
Choose the correct label among the parts listed inside the box.
Write your answers in your notebook.

nasal cavity bronchi

trachea bronchioles
nose alveoli

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1. 5.

2. 6.

3.

4.
https://www.slideshare.net/mae2388/science-grade-9-lm

Good job! You’re doing

great! You have such a
good memory. Would you
like to continue? Now, let’s
recall the functions of each
part …

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 Now that you have finished
travelling back to memory lane,
you can now journey to the present
and find out more about the
human respiratory system and the
breathing process.

https://www.vecteezy.com/vector-art/525536-scientist-in-classroom

II. WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

Breathe in and breathe out.

Notice your chest and belly
moving and feel the soft air
passing from your nose. Listen to
the quiet sounds of breathing in
and out. Imagine the air moving
from your nose into your throat,
through the air tubes, and into
the air sacs.

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 DISCUSSION

The Human Respiratory System

A. Parts and Functions

Respiratory system is made up of the organs in your body that

help you to breathe. Just remember that the word respiration is
linked to breathing. The parts of the respiratory system shown in
Figure 1 that are in charge of supplying oxygen are the nose, nasal
passageways, trachea, and diaphragm. In the nose and nasal
passages, the entering air is made warm, damp, and filtered of
unknown particles. Next, the air moves down through the trachea,
bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli. Trachea or also known as the
windpipe is the empty tube that serves as passageway of air into the
lungs. Bronchi are the two branching tubes that connect the
trachea to the lungs. Bronchioles are the hair-like tubes that connect
to the alveoli. Alveoli are the air sacs that allow gas exchange in the
lungs.

Figure 1. The Human Respiratory System

https://www.slideshare.net/andreaamorgandiaureta/grade-9-module

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 The structure of the respiratory system is analogous to the
branching structure of a bunch of grapes which is shown in the
illustration below.

Figure 2. The bunch of grapes model of the breathing system

https://www.slideshare.net/mae2388/science-grade-9-lm

The main stem is likened to the trachea which branched into

two large stems analogous to the bronchi which eventually
branched into smaller stems like that of the bronchioles where the
individual grapes are attached. The individual grapes or the actual
fruits are analogous to the alveoli or air sacs. This simply describes
how your pair of lungs are structured in order for you to acquire the
necessary oxygen needed by the body in order to survive.

B. The Breathing Process

Since you have already learned about the essential parts of the
respiratory system and their functions, you are now going to
understand the mechanisms of the breathing process and the
important role of the diaphragm.
The diaphragm is the thin
abdominal muscle that
contracts and relaxes to help
the air go in and out of the
lungs.

Figure 3. The image of the lungs.

webdesign.com/image/lungs-clipart diaphragm/116443.html

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 Before the start of the discussion, you are asked to breathe in
(inhale) and breathe out (exhale). Try to repeat the process and
feel the movement of your stomach while inhaling and exhaling.
Your diaphragm is responsible for such movement.

Have you experienced being in a jam-packed train? You

almost certainly could not wait to get out where there are fewer
people so you could freely move. This is analogous to the process
that makes air move in and out of your lungs. The air molecules are
either crowded outside and tend to get into the lungs where there
are fewer air molecules (inhalation), or they tend to get outside
because they are too crowded inside the lungs (exhalation).

Figure 4. The movement of the diaphragm during inhalation and exhalation.

https://www.ck12.org/book/cbse_biology_book_class_xi/section/18.3/

When you breathe in, your diaphragm muscle contracts

downward and the rib muscles pull upward causing air to fill up the
lungs. Can you explain why? Well, when your diaphragm goes lower
and ribs shift up, they provide more breathing space in your chest.
This also reduces the force on your lungs so the air will move in from
the outside. Breathing out is a reverse process. Your diaphragm
loosens up and the ribs and lungs thrust in, causing the gas to be
exhaled. When you breathe in, or inhale, the diaphragm muscle

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contracts. Inhaling moves the diaphragm down and expands the
chest cavity.
Simultaneously, the ribs move up and increase the size of the
chest cavity. There is now more space and less air pressure inside the
lungs. Air pushes in from the outside where there is a higher air
pressure. It pushes into the lungs where there is a lower air pressure.
When you breathe out, or exhale, the diaphragm muscle relaxes.
The diaphragm and ribs return to their original place. The chest
cavity returns to its original size. There is now less space and greater
air pressure inside the lungs. It pushes the air outside where there is
lower air pressure.

The actual exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes

place between the alveoli and the capillaries. Through the process
of diffusion, oxygen passes though the walls of the alveoli and then
through the walls of the capillaries into the blood. The hemoglobin in
red blood cells picked up the oxygen and carries it to all body cells.
Oxygen is an important fuel for the cells to process the energy from
the food that you eat. Likewise, carbon dioxide coming from the
body cells passes through the walls of the capillaries and the walls of
the alveoli through the process of diffusion. When you breathe out or
exhale, carbon dioxide then leaves your body.

Figure 5.The Alveoli

https://www.abpischools.org.uk/topic/breathingandasthma/4

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 How does air move and in and out of your lungs? Stand up. Put
your hands on your waist. Ready? Breathe in. Hold your breath for 3
seconds and then breathe out slowly. Do it again. This time hold
your breath for 5 seconds. Repeat breathing in and out 16 times,
holding your breath longer each time. When you breathe, air moves
into and out of the lungs. You take in oxygen when you inhale or
breath in and give off carbon dioxide when you exhale or breath
out.

When oxygen is already available in the lungs, it will now be the

responsibility of the circulatory system to distribute the oxygen to all
parts of the body and at the same time transport carbon dioxide
from all parts of the body back to the lungs to be exhaled outside
the body.

It is the reason why both the respiratory system and circulatory

system work together in supplying oxygen to every part of the body.

Great! You’re almost finished. But before

you end this session, you have to do the
last part first. You have to prepare one
whole sheet of paper as your answer
sheet. Ready, Get set, go!

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III.WHAT HAVE I LEARNED

EVALUATION/POST TEST

Exchange of Gases
I.CROSSWORD PUZZLE (Adapted from DepEd Commons)
Directions: Solve the puzzle by using the given phrases below.
Choose your answers the underlined words below. Do this in your
notebook.
bronchi, bronchioles, trachea, nose, diaphragm, alveoli

Across
1. Also called as the windpipe.
3. Analogous to the small stems of grapes
6. Analogous to the two major branch of grapes.
Down
2. Also called as the air sacs
4. Thin muscle that contracts and relaxes to help the air go
in and out of the lungs
5. The organ which starts the passage of the air.

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 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF NEGROS ORIENTAL

SENEN PRISCILLO P. PAULIN, CESO V

Schools Division Superintendent

JOELYZA M. ARCILLA EdD

OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

MARCELO K. PALISPIS EdD JD

OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

NILITA L. RAGAY EdD

OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent / CID Chief

ROSELA R. ABIERA
Education Program Supervisor – (LRMS)

ARNOLD R. JUNGCO
PSDS - Division Science Coordinator

MARICEL S. RASID
Librarian II (LRMDS)

ELMAR L. CABRERA
PDO II (LRMDS)

MARIBEL D. INAO
Writer
__________________________
ALPHA QA TEAM
LIEZEL A. AGOR
MA. OFELIA I. BUSCATO
ANDRE ARIEL B. CADIVIDA
THOMAS JOGIE U. TOLEDO

BETA QA TEAM
LIEZEL A. BESAS
JOAN B. VALENCIA
LIELIN A. DE LA ZERNA
PETER PAUL A. PATRON

DISCLAIMER

The information, activities and assessments used in this material are designed to provide accessible learning modality
to the teachers and learners of the Division of Negros Oriental. The contents of this module are carefully researched, chosen,
and evaluated to comply with the set learning competencies. The writers and evaluator were clearly instructed to give credits to
information and illustrations used to substantiate this material. All content is subject to copyright and may not be reproduced in
any form without expressed written consent from the division.
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 SYNOPSIS ANSWER KEY

This SLK is designed to help

students learn the parts and
functions of the respiratory system
and the breathing process on their
own.

The activities and discussion

related to the lesson are simplified in
order for the students to study and
learn independently. The students
are expected to take care of their
respiratory systems as practical
application of their learning.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

The author, MARIBEL D. INAO, graduated BS Biology at Silliman

University in 1994. She took up units in Professional Education at
Cebu Technological University in 2007 and passed the LET in 2008.
She studied MA in Science Teaching at Negros Oriental University
where she earned Complete Academic Requirements. She is
currently a Teacher III at Negros Oriental High School teaching
Biology in all levels of Junior High from Grades 7-10.

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