Grammar Book

Biên soạn: Nguyễn Văn Sĩ
Công phá
TNTRAM TOEIC
ĐỀ THI TOEIC
READING
COMPREHENSION
PART 5 - 6 - 7
• Nắm vững kiến thức ngữ pháp và từ vựng
• Ôn tập dễ dàng theo từng chủ đề bài học
• Bài tập áp dụng đa dạng, phong phú
• 05 bộ đề đi kèm luyện tập trước khi thi
TOEIC GRAMMAR
UNIT 01: SUBJECTS UNIT 06: ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS
CHỦ NGỮ TÍNH TỪ VÀ TRẠNG TỪ
UNIT 02: MAIN VERBS UNIT 07: CONJUNCTIONS
ĐỘNG TỪ CHÍNH LIÊN TỪ
UNIT 03: PASSIVE VOICE UNIT 08: PREPOSITIONS
THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG GIỚI TỪ
UNIT 04: VERBALS UNIT 09: RELATIVE CLAUSES

DẠNG ĐỘNG TỪ MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ
UNIT 05: NOUNS AND PRONOUNS
DANH TỪ VÀ ĐẠI TỪ
CÁC DẠNG BÀI TẬP NGỮ PHÁP THÔNG DỤNG TRONG PART 5 - 6:
• Thành phần câu: Hỏi về vị trí chủ ngữ, động từ, tân ngữ và bổ ngữ.
• Động từ chính - phụ: Hỏi về sự hoà hợp chủ ngữ - động từ, thì và thể bị động.
• Dạng động từ : hỏi về danh động từ, động từ nguyên mẫu có TO, động từ nguyên thể,
và phân từ.
• Từ loại: Hỏi về các dạng phái sinh khác nhau của một từ (danh từ, tính từ,
động từ, trạng từ).
• Liên từ và mệnh đề: Hỏi về mệnh đề trạng ngữ, mệnh đề danh ngữ
và mệnh đề quan hệ.
• Cấu trúc đặc biệt: hỏi về câu so sánh, đảo ngữ.
Khoá học cấp tốc luyện thi đề TOEIC 2023

002 Cam kết tăng 100-150 điểm sau 30 buổi học RC TOEIC GRAM
UNIT | 01 SUBJECTS - CHỦ NGỮ
YOU MUST REMEMBER:
• Nouns and noun phrases (Danh từ và cụm danh từ)
• Gerunds and to infinitives (Danh động từ và động từ nguyên mẫu có TO)
• Pronouns (Đại từ - Đại từ nhân xưng, Đại từ bất định)
NOUNS AND NOUN PHRASES

1 NOUNS - DANH TỪ
My supervisor was promoted to vice president thanks to his outstanding performance.

Danh từ số ít + động từ số ít
Management is addressing the problems that were identified in the safety inspection.
Danh từ không đếm được + động từ số ít
Employees are assembling a new automobile model in the manufacturing plant.

Danh từ số nhiều + động từ số nhiều
2 NOUN PHRASES - CỤM DANH TỪ
The vehicles in several lanes of traffic were forced to stop moving owing to congestion.
Danh từ 1 + giới từ + danh từ 2 + V (chia theo N1)
Mr. Song’s achievements were officially announced at this morning’s staff meeting.
Danh từ + ‘S + danh từ (sở hữu cách)
Employee productivity has rapidly increased since the new manager started working.
Danh từ + danh từ
Many professionally agricultural advisors were hired to boost the declining industry.
Từ xác định + tính từ/ trạng từ + tính từ + danh từ
GERUNDS AND TO INFINITIVES

Conducting a survey is the best way to find out about your customers.
Danh động từ + động từ số ít
To find out about the museum history is always interesting.
To Vo + động từ số ít
To improve our sales figures, we must release a new product line next month.
To Vo + O, SVO (chỉ mục đích)

PRONOUNS
1 PERSONAL PRONOUNS - ĐẠI TỪ NHÂN XƯNG
He takes the subway to commute to the office on a daily basis.

He/ She/ It/ Peter + động từ số ít
They are attending the meeting at the convention room 1A next Thursday.
We/ They/ You/ A & B + động từ số nhiều.
I am in charge of supervising the new interns of the Human Resources Department.

I + to be (was/ am)/ động từ thường số nhiều.
2 INDEFINITE PRONOUNS – ĐẠI TỪ BẤT ĐỊNH
Someone has left his/ her personal belongings unattended in the locking room.
[Some-/Any-/ No- + -one/-body/-thing] + động từ số ít
EXERCISES – BÀI TẬP

01. The ------ of the temple is the first project 04. ------- vehicles in front of building establish-
that the Cultural Properties Protection ments is prohibited within the Industrial Zone.
Committee will complete this year. (A) Parks
(A) restorative (B) Park
(B) restored (C) Parked
(C) restorable (D) Parking
(D) restoration 05. Recent ----- can learn about employment
02. The winter sale at the West Shopping opportunities in a wide range of industries by
Center --------- to attract more customers. attending a career fair.
(A) is expected (A) graduating
(B) are expected (B) graduated
(C) will expect (C) graduates
(D) have expected (D) graduation
03. Although everyone thought that ------- was 06. ------- for small business owners has come
more deserving than Ms. Thompson, Mr. mainly from the community, but also from
Garcia was not chosen to be vice president. some government agencies.
(A) he (A) Supporter
(B) him (B) Supported
(C) his (C) Supportive
(D) himself (D) Support

07. ------- of travel visas will take longer than 12. BYF specializes in ------- promotional items
expected due to high demand during tourist to help companies advertise their brand.
season. (A) personally
(A) Process (B) personalized
(B) Processing (C) personality
(C) Procedure (D) personalizes
(D) Proceed Câu 8 có 2 SVO 13. Ms. Kimura’s employees often ------- her
08. ------- employees become familiar with the approachable manner and steady leadership.
new work system, the manager will conduct a (A) to praise
short seminar next month. (B) praising
(A) Helped (C) praise

Không chọn C: Ving làm chủ ngữ chia Vít
Loại A vì không có liên từ để 2 SVO đứng (D) praises
(B) To helpgần nhau V
14. Mr. Crenshaw ------- the interns to attend
(C) Helping
D: bằng cách làm gì
Chọn B: cấu trúc chỉ mục đích
the accounting workshop.
(D) By helping
(A) encourage
09. The accounting director, Leslie Howard,
(B) encouraging
can be reached by his personal mobile phone
(C) encouraged
while ------- attends the workshop in Seoul.
(D) encouragingly
(A) he
15. ------- for changes to the conference
(B) she
program will be considered on November 1.
(C) we N1 gt N2
(A) Requested
(D) they N1: to v0, Ving,
(B) Requests
10. Registering your account in our database
(C) Requesting Dùng phương pháp loại trừ, vì C, D
------- us to send you the latest promotions that đều đúng nếu xét theo tr hợp trên
(D) To request
may appeal to you.
16. ------ for your blender properly will ensure
(A) is allowed
that it continues to function well.
(B) allows
(A) Care
(C) allowing
(B) Cares
(D) have allowed N2
(C) Cared
11. A Bamboo House’s ------- popular cuisine is
(D) Caring
created by bringing together an unusual blend N
17. An important ------ is an estimate of the
of flavors. total project cost.
(A) astonish (A) elementary
(B) astonished (B) element
(C) astonishingly (C) elements
(D) astonishment (D) elemental

18. Seating in the Bogor Stadium completely 23. Last year, Azusa and Sohn Multimedia
------- the field so that all visitors are afforded decided that ------ their expertise and resources
excellent views of events. would increase profits for both organizations.
(A) surround (A) combining V + that + SVO
(B) surrounds (B) combined
(C) surrounded
(C) combines
(D) surrounding
(D) combine
19. A list of conference ------ can be found in the
24. Significant technological ------ have been
back of your programs.
transforming the health-care industry.
(A) attendance
(A) developed
(B) attend
(B) developmental
(C) attendees
(D) attending (C) developments
20. The ------ fee for any of the Basic Logistics (D) develops
Management courses is $25 a person. 25. International -------- for the service have not
(A) enrollment yet been analyzed by the firm.
(B) enroll (A) market
(C) enrolled (B) marketing
(D) enrolls (C) markets
21. ------- for the posting do not include Chinese (D) marketability
language fluency as the company has offered 26. ------- can shop at Seven Lucky Market but
the successful applicant free lessons.
only members are eligible for rebates.
(A) Qualifiers
(A) Anyone
(B) Qualifying
(B) Anything
(C) Qualifications
(C) Something
(D) Qualified
(D) Neither
22. Some of its usual ------- are unhappy
27. Mr. Montrose’s ------- in his job search has
about the changes in the payment process at
Zanzibar Metals. resulted in employment offers from three
(A) supplied companies.
(B) suppliers (A) persist

(C) supplies (B) persisted
(D) supplying (C) persistently
(D) persistence

UNIT | 02 MAIN VERBS - ĐỘNG TỪ CHÍNH
YOU MUST REMEMBER:
• Main verbs (Động từ chính)
• Tenses (Các thì thông dụng)
• Sequence of tenses (Hoà hợp các thì)
MAIN VERBS
1 POSITION - VỊ TRÍ
Attendance at the conference surpassed the president’s expectation.

S + Vchính + (O)
Ms. Joaquin predicts that sales of our latest computer will increase significantly.
S + Vchính + THAT + S + V (O)
2 APPROACH - PHƯƠNG PHÁP
Bước 1: Nếu chỗ trống cần một ĐỘNG TỪ CHÍNH.

Loại trừ các đáp án V-ING/ TO-Vo.
Bước 2: Xét sự hoà hợp CHỦ NGỮ - ĐỘNG TỪ CHÍNH.
Bước 3: Xét thể CHỦ ĐỘNG - BỊ ĐỘNG.
Bước 4: Xét thì của động từ chính. (đưa lên bước 1 nếu có dấu hiệu nhận biết)
Example: A stay at the Moonlight Tower Hotel ------ an authentic Shanghai breakfast.
(A) including
(B) include
(C) includes
(D) is include
Nhận xét câu:
S = A stay at the Moonlight Tower Hotel
O = an authentic Shanghai breakfast
=> chỗ trống cần một Vchính Câu đã có O nên không chia bị động
=> loại đáp án including (V-ing) (hoặc dịch nghĩa: bị/ được)
Chủ ngữ dạng N1 giới từ N2 => loại đáp án D
=> chia Vchính theo N1 => chọn đáp án C
=> loại đáp án B

TENSES
1 PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE - THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN
1. Form (Dạng thức)

S + am/ is/ are + C She is an excellent consultant.
Affirmative S + V (es/s) + (O) He takes over many projects.
S + am/ is/ are + NOT + C I’m not a good student.
Negative S + DO/ DOES NOT + Vo + (O) She does not agree with their opinion.
Am/ Is/ Are + S + C? Are you a new technician?
Interrogative Do/ Does + S + Vo + (O)? Does Jim do the housework?
2. Use (Cách dùng)

- Diễn tả một hành động, thói quen thường xuyên xảy ra ở hiện tại.
Eg: I pay a visit to my grandparents every Saturday.
- Diễn tả một chân lí, sự thật hiển nhiên.
Eg: Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen.
- Diễn tả hành động đã được lên lịch trình hoặc thời gian biểu trước (thường dùng với tàu hỏa,
máy bay, xe khách).
Eg: The train departs at 10:00 tomorrow morning.
3. Dấu hiệu nhận biết
always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely, seldom, never, regularly, occasionally, twice a week,
today, every + time, etc.
2 PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE - THÌ HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN

Affirmative S + am/ is/ are + Ving + (O) I am fixing the photocopier.
Negative S + am/ is/ are + NOT + Ving + (O) He is not playing badmintion now.
Interrogative Am/ Is/ Are + S + Ving + (O)? Are you reading a romantic book?

- Diễn tả một hành động đang diễn ra tại thời điểm nói.
Eg: I am writing my work process report now.
- Diễn tả một hành động đang diễn ra nhưng không phải ngay tại thời điểm nói - mang tính chất
tạm thời.
Eg: I am in Ho Chi Minh city. I’m looking for a new job.
- Diễn tả hành động đã được lên kế hoạch trước và sẽ sớm diễn ra.
Eg: I am attending an international conference in the couple of days.
(right) now, at the moment, at present, currently, etc.

3 PRESENT PERFECT TENSE - THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
Affirmative S + have/ has + P.P + (O) I have already seen that film.
Negative S + have/ has + NOT + P.P + (O) Jack haven’t seen it yet.
Interrogative Have/ Has + S + P.P + (O)? Have you ever visited New York?
- Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra nhưng không xác định thời điểm rõ ràng trong quá khứ.
Eg: They have moved into a new apartment.
- Diễn tả một hành động lặp đi lại lại nhiều lần cho đến hiện tại.
Eg: We have had four tests so far this semester.
- Diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ và tiếp tục đến hiện tại.
Eg: I have been here since 7 o’clock.
- Diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ và để lại kết quả/ hậu quả ở hiện tại.
Eg: The car has broken down, so I have no transport now.
- Dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn (have/ has been Ving) khi có các dấu hiệu all day/
week/ morning, ever since, for along time, constantly, how long.
Eg: It has been raining all day. It is still raining right now.
just, already, never…before, ever, for, since, in/ for/ during/ over + the last/ past + time,
recently/ in recent years, (not)…yet, lately, etc.
4 PAST SIMPLE TENSE - THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN

S + was/ were + (C) I was at home yesterday.
Affirmative S + Ved/ 2 + (O) The shop opened last week.
S + was/ were + NOT + (C) I was not at home yesterday.
Negative S + DID NOT + Vo + (O) The shop didn’t open last week.
Was/ Were + S + (C) ? Were you at home yesterday?
Interrogative Did + S + Vo + (O)? Did the shop open last week?
- Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra và kết thúc trong quá khứ.
Eg: The earthquake happened in 1996.
- Diễn tả một chuỗi hành động đã xảy ra liên tiếp trong quá khứ.
Eg: She went into a wood, sat down by a stream and sang beautiful songs.
- Diễn tả một thói quen trong quá khứ.
Eg: I used to go fishing when I was young.
yesterday, ago, last + time, in the past, in + 2002 (time in the past), etc.

5 PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE - THÌ QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN

I was sitting in class at this exact same
Affirmative S + was/ were + Ving + (O)
time yesterday.
Negative S + was/ were + NOT + Ving + (O) I wasn’t sleeping, so I got up.
Was his brother reading books in the
Interrogative Was/ Were + S + Ving + (O)?
library at 7:00 P.M. yesterday?
- Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy tại một thời điểm cụ thể trong quá khứ.
Eg: Last year at this time, I was attending school.
- Diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra thì hành động khác chen vào trong quá khứ.
Eg: I was walking down the street when it began to rain.
- Diễn tả hai hành động đang xảy ra song song trong quá khứ.
Eg: While I was doing my homework, my elder brother was watching TV programs.
while, when, thời gian cụ thể + dấu hiệu nhận biết quá khứ đơn.
6 PAST PERFECT TENSE - THÌ QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH
Affirmative S + had + P.P + (O) She had already left when Ann got there.
We hadn’t eaten anything by the time our father

Negative S + had + NOT + P.P + (O)
returned .
Interrogative Had + S + P.P + (O) ? Had they come to an agreement by midnight?

- Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra trước một hành động khác hoặc mốc thời gian trong quá khứ.
Eg: After the guest had left, I went to bed.
after, before, by the time, when.
7 FUTURE SIMPLE TENSE - THÌ TƯƠNG LAI ĐƠN
Affirmative S + will + Vo + (O) The cinema will close in July.
Negative S + will + NOT + Vo + (O) I will not attend the meeting.

Interrogative Will + S + Vo + (O) ? Will you still love me tomorrow?

- Diễn tả một một dự đoán không có căn cứ (không dựa trên tình trạng hiện tại).
Eg: It’ll rain, I expect. It always rains at weekends.
- Diễn tả quyết định tại thời điểm nói.
Eg: It’s hot in here. I’ll open a window.
- Diễn tả một lời hứa, đề xuất, lời mời, và lời yêu cầu.
Eg: I promise I will do my best to help you.
tomorrow, tonight, in the next + time, in the couple of + time, soon, etc.
8 FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE - THÌ TƯƠNG LAI TIẾP DIỄN
Affirmative S + will + be + Ving + (O) I can’t meet you at four. I’ll be working.
Negative S + will + NOT + Ving + (O) They will not be celebrating his birthday this year.
Interrogative Will + S + be + Ving + (O) Will you be going past the office this morning?

- Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra tại một thời điểm cụ thể trong tương lai.
Eg: The site is to be sold, and so the cinema will be closing in November.
thời điểm cụ thể + dấu hiệu tương lai đơn
9 FUTURE PERFECT TENSE - THÌ TƯƠNG LAI HOÀN THÀNH
I will have finished my homework by the

Affirmative S + will + have + P.P + (O)
time I go out on date tonight.
Sarah will not have finished her studies
Negative S + will + NOT+ have + P.P + (O)
until she’s twenty-five.
Will they have finished decorating the
Interrogative Will + S + have + P.P + (O)?
float before the parade?
- Diễn tả một hành động sẽ xảy ra trước một hành động khác hoặc mốc thời gian trong tương lai.
Eg: We will have done half the journey by the time we stop for lunch.
by + time in the future, by the time.

SEQUENCE OF TENSES
1 BY THE TIME - TRƯỚC
By the time the delegates arrived at the center, the international conference had started.
By the time + S + V (past simple) S + V (past perfect)
By the time officials approve of funds, the renovation work will have been completed.
By the time + S + V (present simple) S + V (future perfect)
2 SINCE - KỂ TỪ (ĐÓ)
The building’s market value has increased since it was acquired 3 years ago.
S + V (present perfect) + SINCE + V (past simple)
The song topped the charts in 1957 and has since become a rock and roll classic.
have/ has + SINCE + P.P
3 AFTER/ BEFORE - SAU/ TRƯỚC
After the evaluation exams had finished, they had a party.

After + S + V (past perfect), V (past simple)
I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Kauai.
S + V (past perfect) + before + V (past simple)
4 WHILE/ WHEN - (TRONG) KHI
When I was having breakfast, the postman knocked the door.

When + V (past continuous), V (past simple)
While my mother was cooking for dinner, my father was watching football match.
While + V (past continuous), V (past continuous)
5 ADVERBIAL CLAUSES OF TIME - MỆNH ĐỀ TRẠNG NGỮ CHỈ THỜI GIAN
When the visitors complete their tour, they will have a chance to purchase items.
Until/ As soon as + V (present simple), V (future simple)
Một số chú ý khi làm bài tập:
• Một số liên từ chỉ thời gian thông dụng: when, as soon as, until, etc.
• THÌ QUÁ KHỨ => THÌ QUÁ KHỨ, THÌ HIỆN TẠI => HIỆN TẠI HOẶC TƯƠNG LAI
• Không chia thì tương lai đơn trong mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian.
6 SPECIAL VERBS: ANNOUNCE/ INFORM, etc.
Hirohito announced that its new assembly robot will be unveiled at the Tokyo Expo this summer.
S + V (past simple/ present perfect) + that + S + V (future simple)

01. Cassandra Versa, the new supervisor 06. Initial fears about the compatibility of
of the call center, -------- managed a team of the program with personal computers have
twenty customer service agents. ------- been resolved and the manufacturers
(A) extremely have begun production.
(B) ever (A) soon
(C) previously (B) after
(D) always (C) since
02. Groovy Motor’s new car design was much (D) often
more appealing to young drivers than the 07. Last year, the Hansford catalog -------
company -------. air-conditioning and digital radios as
(A) anticipate standard features in all automobiles.
(B) are anticipating (A) list
(C) was anticipated (B) is listing
(D) had anticipated (C) listed
03. An increase in a nation’s rate of savings (D) had listed
ultimately ------- to lower interest rates. 08. City planners ------- designing the park
(A) lead even before it was approved by officials.
(B) leads (A) will begin
(C) leader (B) has begun
(D) leading (C) had begun
04. Mr. Kramer -------- a speech to the board (D) is beginning
members when the lights went out. 09. Magnum cameras ------- very popular right
(A) was delivered now because they are so easy to use.
(B) was delivering (A) became
(C) will be delivering (B) are becoming
(D) is delivering (C) to become
05. Gabby’s Floral Arrangements ------- a range (D) becomes
of special wedding and anniversary packages 10. For the past few months, doughnuts ------
at competitive prices. muffins at Marinelli Bakery.
(A) provides (A) are outsold
(B) providing (B) will be outselling
(C) to provide (C) have been outselling
(D) provide (D) would have been outsold

11. All employees are expected and ------ to 16. As soon as the loan application -------
exercise care when leaving e-mail messages submitted, bank employees will forward it to
within the company. the appropriate department.
(A) required (A) was
(B) have required (B) will be
(C) require (C) has been
(D) requiring (D) to be
12. In recent years, there ------ a number of 17. By 10 A.M. tomorrow, the departmental
books authored by autistic persons who have manager ------ in Houston.
recovered significantly. (A) will arrive
(A) had appeared (B) will have arrived
(B) have appeared (C) will be arriving
(C) has appeared (D) is arrived
(D) appeared
18. The staff volleyball team is going out to
13. The building’s new tenants ------ in the
eat tomorrow after they ------ in the semifinal
next couple of days, so the staff is getting
tournament.
everything ready.
(A) will complete
(A) to arrive
(B) will be completed
(B) have arrived
(C) are completing
(C) are arriving
(D) complete
(D) arrival
19. ------ he started consulting for our firm,
14. According to the brochure, the Phillips
Mr. Kizaki has dramatically increased our
Harmony Orchestra ------ every Sunday.
company revenue.
(A) performs
(A) Since
(B) performed
(B) When
(C) will perform
(C) Before
(D) has performed
(D) While
15. Mr. Garcia Holmes will already ------ his
20. For the past two years, the unemployment
presentation on the new manufacturing
rate ------ reduced by 10% due to unprecedented
process by the time you reach the convention
export growth.
center.
(A) had been
(A) finished
(B) have finished (B) was
(C) finishing (C) has been
(D) finish (D) will be

21. During the past few weeks, library patrons 26. By the time Mr. Schmidt joined our firm
------ out books at much higher rate than usual. as a financial analyst, he ------ in the financial
(A) have been checking sector for many years already.
(B) will be checking (A) has worked
(C) are checked (B) works
(D) had checked (C) will work
22. Dander Industries ------ the new product line (D) had worked
at a press conference next Monday. 27. Trains for Grayville ------ at 9:00 A.M. from
(A) announcing Monday through Friday.
(B) will announce (A) depart
(C) announced (B) will depart
(D) being announced (C) departs
23. Since Darden’s new smartphone is set (D) are departing
------ soon, our store can start advertising the 28. By the end of this year, the plant in Slovakia
product. ------ at least 10,000 truck engines.
(A) will have launched (A) will be built
(B) launching (B) will have built
(C) launched (C) has built
(D) to launch (D) has been built
24. LTD Enterprises is currently ------ an 29. Local government officials finally ------ the
accomplished individual to replace the current proposed 2 percent tax increase yesterday.
director, who will retire at the end of the month. (A) will be approved
(A) seek (B) have been approving
(B) seeks (C) are approving
(C) sought (D) approved
(D) seeking 30. Mellissa Ghosh will succeed retiring Ryan
25. We are pleased to announce that Ms.
Martin, who ------ as a vice president for the last
Viera ------ her new position as market analyst
8 years.
on September 30.
(A) serve
(A) has been starting
(B) will be starting (B) serves
(C) was started (C) has served

(D) is being start (D) had served

UNIT | 03 PASSIVE VOICE - THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG
YOU MUST REMEMBER:
• (In)transitive verbs (Nội - Ngoại động từ)
• Ergative verbs
• Passive voice (Thể bị động)
VERBS
1 (IN)TRANSITIVE VERBS - NỘI/ NGOẠI ĐỘNG TỪ
The flight attendant discouraged the use of electronic devices.

V + O => Transitive verb
The meeting discussing the annual budget will take place on Thursday.
V => Intransitive verb
Nội động từ thông dụng: take place, occur, happen, rise, arrive, proceed, expire, deteriorate,
emerge, respond, live, fall, vary, depart, work, go, arise, commence, function, diminish, etc.
2 ERGATIVE VERBS: INCREASE/ DECREASE/ DROP
The government has increased the price of crude oil significantly during the past three years.
=> Tân ngữ của ngoại động từ làm chủ ngữ của nội động từ
The price crude oil has increased significantly during the past three years.
Với các ergative/ nội động từ không được phép chia dạng bị động
PASSIVE VOICE
1 APPROACH - PHƯƠNG PHÁP TIẾP CẬN
Một tân ngữ: Hai tân ngữ:

Active: S + V + O Active: S + V + O1 + O2
Passive: S + be + P.P + (by + O) Passive: S + be + P.P + O2 + (by + O)

Nhận xét: Nhận xét:
Có O chia chủ động mất O chia bị động Có 2 O chia chủ động mất 1 O chia bị động

2 VERBS WITH 2 OBJECTS - ĐỘNG TỪ HAI TÂN NGỮ
Dạng 01: V + S.B + S.T.

Active: The manager gave Mr. Watson an assignment.
S.B S.T
Passive: Mr. Watson was given an assignment (by the manager).

An assignment was given to Mr. Watson (by the manager).
Một số động từ tương tự: give, send, grant, award, issue, charge, offer, etc.
Dạng 02: V + S.B + OBJECT COMPLEMENT (bổ ngữ).

Active: The committee named Mr. Pinto head coach.
S.B C
Passive: Mr. Pinto was named head coach (by the committe).
Một số động từ tương tự: consider, leave, name, appoint, elect, etc.
3 PASSIVE VOICE WITH TENSES - BỊ ĐỘNG VỚI THÌ
S + am/ is/ are + P.P

Present Simple
Unauthorized individuals are prohibited from parking their cars in garage.
S + am/ is/ are + being + P.P
Present Continuous
A software that should reduce employee training time is being developed.
S + have/ has + been + P.P
Present Perfect
A documentary on the music industry has been produced by a company.
S + was/ were + P.P
Past Simple
The report was finished though guidelines changed several times.
S + had + been + P.P
Past Perfect
A new gate was installed because the old one had been damaged.
S + will + be + P.P
Future simple
Construction of the new ramp will be completed next month.
4 OTHERS- NHỮNG DẠNG BỊ ĐỘNG KHÁC
Modal verbs + be + P.P

Modal verbs
The labels can automatically be printed from the computer.
V/ prep + being + P.P
Gerunds In addition to being promoted to division supervisor, Ms. Ren will also
receive a free gift.

V + to be + P.P
To infinitives
The director would like to be notified when an important client arrives.
Have/ Get S.T P.P
Have/ Get
If his sketch is approved, he’ll have it delivered to the clients immediately.
(should) be P.P
Subjunctives
It is essential that the process be completed in a timely fashion.
Be asked/ told/ requested/ required/ urged to do S.T
Request
Staff members are asked to file leave requests in advance.
5 PREPOSITION - GIỚI TỪ VỚI DẠNG BE + P.P
Be satisfied with Be pleased with Be equipped with

Be associated with Be confronted with Be covered with
Be interested in Be engaged in Be involved in
Be based on Be divided into Be exposed to
Be credited with Be crowded with Be indulged in
Be related to Be faced with Be worried about

01. Tickets for the conference can ------ either 04. To avoid ------- a late fee, members must
online or at the convention center. return library books promptly on the due date.
(A) be purchased (A) charging
(B) purchase (B) being charged
(C) purchases (C) to charge
(D) being purchased (D) charge
02. Patrons have been surprised at the price 05. The K&P Corp. -------- a contest to name the
increases that were ------- imposed last week. new anti-aging cosmetic line of products.
(A) unexpectedness (A) will be held
(B) unexpected (B) is going to hold
(C) more unexpected (C) have been held
(D) unexpectedly (D) to be held
03. A sum of money has just been ------- from 06. The tour descriptions in the brochure -----
the bank account to pay for the construction. to be revised before publication.
(A) withdrew (A) need
(B) withdrawal (B) needs
(C) withdrawn (C) is needed
(D) withdraw (D) needing

07. After two hours of negotiation, the Bright 12. The head of human resources ------- the
representative agreed to have the contract ------- entire company regarding the change to the
to include the modifications. employee directory.
(A) rewriting (A) was addressed
(B) rewrite (B) has been addressed
(C) rewritten (C) is addressing
(D) to rewrite (D) to be addressed
08. Checks or money orders in support of the 13. The use of bicycles for transportation is
Theater for All project ------- payable to Alio ------- even though gas prices have slightly
Actors Organization. decline.
(A) to make (A) expand
(B) are making (B) expands
(C) should be made (C) expanded
(D) will have made (D) expanding
09. As the cost of getting the printer ------- 14. Managers are ------- whether to proceed
was nearly the same as its original price, with the merger or wait until next year.
management chose to purchase a new model. (A) discuss
(A) repaired (B) discussion
(B) to repair (C) discussing
(C) repair (D) discussed
(D) repairing 15. The merger between Verticorp and
10. The proofreader was asked -------- over the Owlswood ------- to be finalized this month.
press release over and over again to avoid (A) expect
possible errors. (B) expects
(A) going (C) is expected
(B) to be gone (D) are expected
(C) go 16. Most of the companies have a policy
(D) to go stating that each employee must -------- a
11. Clothing sales revenue are -------- even formal, annual, and written performance
though the store’s home goods remain popular. appraisal by their manager.
(A) declining (A) give
(B) declined (B) be given
(C) declines (C) be giving
(D) decline (D) have given

17. Most farmers should buy refrigeration 22. As a former editor-in-chief of Occasions,
containers to transport vegetables so that Ms. Chan recently ------- Journalist of the Year.
they do not -------, thus providing consumers (A) named
(B) is named
with the freshest produce.
(C) was named
(A) be deteriorated
(D) has named
(B) deteriorate
23. While Peach Street’s parking lot -------,
(C) deteriorating
visitors are strongly encouraged to use public
(D) to deteriorate transportation.
18. The inventors of the Spin Gadget ------- first (A) repairs
prize in the Family Fun & Games contest for (B) is being repaired
their creative idea. (C) have repaired
(A) awards (D) repair
(B) were awarded 24. The guide tour will be led ------- Ms.
Davin and will include visits to several
(C) to award
award-winning wineries.
(D) having awarded
(A) up
19. The members of the sales team ------- that
(B) by
their goal is to attract 200 new subscribers. (C) on
(A) informed (D) at
(B) have informed 25. Horizon Bridge Company won the Inno
(C) were informed Award for its newest suspension bridge project,
(D) informs
which ------- by Ms. Kameda, the chief engineer.
20. Because of his decades of experience in
(A) is overseeing
cooking French cuisine, Mr. Christianson ------
(B) was overseen
a leading authority in his field.
(C) has overseen
(A) is considered
(D) be overseen
(B) considered
26. The imported raw materials should be
(C) will consider
------- with cheaper ones in order to reduce
(D) considering
manufacturing costs.
21. It is essential that no one ------- to the
(A) coordinated
building after 10 P.M.
(A) admit (B) replaced
(B) are admitted (C) requested
(C) be admitted (D) worked
(D) is admitting

27. Please be ------- that every inquiry from our 32. -------- moving expenses, you will need
customers will receive prompt attention. certain information on how to get packing
(A) assuring boxes and cushioning materials to prevent
(B) assure breakage.
(C) to assure (A) Reduces

(B) To be reduced
(D) assured
(C) To reduce
28. When Ms. Fukui is willing to continue
(D) Has reduced
working part-time, she hopes to ------- full-time
33. Once the employees have completed
employment eventually.
the company’s largest project successfully,
(A) be offered
they will be offered an opportunity -------- for a
(B) offer
promotion.
(C) offering (A) considering
(D) offered (B) to consider
29. Mr. Greg ------- to deliver a presentation at the (C) considers
monthly business workshop, but he declined (D) to be considered
the invitation. 34. Candidates who -------- need to inform the
(A) encouraged committee before September 25 if they do not
(B) was encouraged wish to run for election.
(C) encouraging (A) nominated
(D) was encouraging (B) will be nominating

(C) have been nominated
30. The Technical Support Department’s
(D) have nominated
resources ------- primarily for developing
35. Daringa Apparel’s stock price -------- sharply
software upgrade programs.
after Tina Ness was chosen as CEO.
(A) allocated
(A) maintained
(B) allocation
(B) connected
(C) are allocating
(C) landed
(D) are allocated
(D) rose
31. Members of the Featherbee’s marketing 36. To maintain the laboratory’s high criteria,
team must work -------- on every advertising employees are required ------ an annual training
campaign. workshop.
(A) collaborate (A) attend
(B) collaboratively (B) to attend
(C) collaborative (C) attending
(D) collaboration (D) having attended

UNIT | 04 VERBALS - DẠNG ĐỘNG TỪ
YOU MUST REMEMBER:
• Gerunds (Danh động từ)
• To infinitives (Động từ nguyên mẫu có to)
• Bare infinitives (Động từ nguyên mẫu không to)
GERUNDS
1 FUNCTIONS - CHỨC NĂNG
Subject Changing the battery every six months is recommended.

The renovation work includes fixing the floor and furnace.
Object
The documentary aims at promoting alternative energy sources.
Complement John’s hobby is reading the weekly financial magazine.
2 USAGE - CÁCH DÙNG
1 V + V-ing
enjoy avoid mind suggest quit
include finish postpone comprise dislike
keep consider discontinue propose deny
My manager will consider giving me a week’s vacation.

2 Prep + V-ing
If you are interested in completing a survey, please visit www. mushotel.com/survey.
3 To + V-ing
contribution to be committed to be dedicated to
be used/ accustomed to in addition to look forward to
object to lead to be devoted to
The film director is committed to making the best movie he can.

4 Cấu trúc đặc biệt
waste/ spend + time/ money have difficulty/ problem/ trouble (in)

be busy be worth
Mr. Duong has difficulty seeing without his glasses

BARE INFINITIVES
Imparative Please follow the safety rules when operating machinery.
Object I help Jean finish the feasibility research.
Subjunctive It’s essential that the process be completed in a timely fashion.
1 V + Vo
would rather modal verbs make/ let have
You must submit your employee evaluation form at the end of day.
2 Imperative – Câu mệnh lệnh

(Please) remember to include your account number whenever submitting payments.
(Please) + Vo + O
Please be advised that all branch offices must submit tax documents.
Please + be + P.P + that + S V O = I would like + to Vo
3 Formal Subjunctives - Bàng thái cách

Động từ:
suggest require propose demand insist

recommend request command ask order
The airline requests that all baggage be kept in the overhead compartments.
Tính từ:
imperative proposed important recommended vital

essential mandatory obligatory necessary advised
It is imperative that computer passwords be kept confidential.
4 Help
Regular exercise helps (to) relieve work-related stress.
Help + (O) + (to) Vo

TO INFINITIVES
Subject To learn a second language is very rewarding.
Object The manager asked his employees to research market trends.
Complement The team’s objective is to design a better product.
Purpose To attract potential customers, the company advertised more aggressively.
1 V + to Vo
wish want would like plan decide expect

enable strive force fail hesitate tend
Management wants to organize the department.

2 N + to Vo
ability effort way tendency right plan
attempt authority decision opportunity chance proposal
The company reserves the right to change the timetable and the fares without notice.
3 ADJ + to Vo
eager reluctant able willing ready likely

The legal team is ready to review the revised contract.
4 Recommend/ encourage/ advise/ allow/ permit
The museum does not permit eating/ people to eat on the premises.
Permit S.B to do S.T/ permit doing S.T
6 Những cấu trúc khác
enough … to too … to be/ have yet to
The management is yet to determine the criteria for the promotion.

01. Please ------- that July 4 is a public holiday, 06. The oversea branches have had much
and in observance of this day, factory workers difficulty ------- their operations to conform to
will not need to report for work. the new accounting system.
(A) be reminded (A) modify
(B) reminding (B) modifies
(C) reminded (C) modified
(D) remind (D) modifying
02. The research assistant’s responsibilities 07. It would be wise of the directors to consider
include ------- for efficient ways to facilitate the -------- with the human resources department
experiment process. before they hired any new staff.
(A) search (A) consult
(B) searches (B) consulted
(C) searching (C) to consult
(D) searched (D) consulting
03. When sending a requested sample to 08. It is vital that she ----- safety procedures in
buyers, ----- them that the package is on its way. the event of an emergency.
(A) information (A) follows
(B) inform (B) follow
(C) informs (C) following
(D) informing (D) followed
04. Hotel guests are advised ------- personal 09. Travel agencies have been busy ----- many
valuables inside safety deposit boxes provided applications filed by their UK counterparts
in each room. to organize tourist groups to visit Japan.
(A) keep (A) to handle
(B) keeping (B) handles
(C) to keep (C) handling
(D) kept (D) handle
05. Mr. Gray looks forward to ------- a lot about 10. Mrs. Suzuki is planning to make final
investment opportunities with GenEx Corp., changes in our hiring procedure after she
which has shown significant growth. spends some time ----- its overall effectiveness.
(A) learn (A) study
(B) learning (B) studied
(C) have learned (C) studying
(D) be learned (D) studies

11. All of the Sea Hotel’s staff are committed 16. Ms. Singh plans ------- the handouts from
to ------- top-quality service and a comfortable the photocopier before leaving for the seminar.
environment for their guests. (A) retrieve
(A) provision (B) retriever
(B) provided
(C) retrieved
(C) providing
(D) to retrieve
(D) provide
17. Grindelia, Inc.’s building materials are
12. Attending conferences related to their
durable -------- to protect structures against
fields can help ----- people’s professional
networks. damage from all types of weather conditions.
(A) wide (A) well
(B) widen (B) enough

(C) widening (C) highly
(D) widely (D) much
13. Managers are asked to let their employees 18. Many companies are finding that it is
------ early every Wednesday to participate
----- expensive to store their paper documents
in the company’s volunteer program.
in off-site warehouse.
(A) leave
(A) much
(B) to leave
(B) too
(C) left
(C) far
(D) leaving
14. Experts recommend ------- a vacation trip (D) ever
or engaging in non-work-related activities, 19. The proposal -------- Greer Trail was approved
such as sports and photography, as possible at the Parks Department’s last meeting.
remedies for job burnout. (A) to extend
(A) to take (B) extension
(B) taking (C) would extend
(C) being taken
(D) is extended
(D) take
20. Sales in South Asia are expected -------- the
15. Mr. Clemens would rather ------- now than
majority of the company’s revenue this year.
wait for a better time to expand his business.
(A) generated
(A) invest
(B) invested (B) generating
(C) investing (C) will generate
(D) to invest (D) to generate

21. The CEO believes that the team should 26. The company may decide ------ additional
be able -------- the research project before the staff in order to process the increased volume
deadline if new staff are hired. of orders this holiday season.
(A) complete (A) hires
(B) completing (B) will hire
(C) completes (C) hiring
(D) to complete (D) to hire
22. The director of human resources 27. ------ the processing of your claim, include
department said she will have her secretary your customer identification number on all
-------- the applicant about the change to correspondence.
the interview schedule. (A) Expedite
(A) notify (D) Expedited
(B) notifying (C) To expedite
(C) notified (D) To be expedited
(D) be notifying 28. Resolving customer service issues in a
23. Last year, the Department of Linguistics timely manner will help a company ------ a good
at the University of Ohio began ------- advanced image.
courses in Arabic. (A) maintained
(A) offer (B) be maintained
(B) offered (C) maintain
(C) offering (D) maintaining
(D) has offered 29. The museum is attempting ------ portable
24. Users should not forget ------ which version CD players and other absolete products before
of the software is installed when requesting they disappear entirely.
technical assistance. (A) collect
(A) specifying (B) to collect
(B) specify (C) collecting
(C) to specify (D) having collected
(D) specified 30. The external auditor has been given the
25. After reviewing our policies, the consultant right ------ the company’s accounting records
recommended ------ several divisions. during inspection.
(A) consolidate (A) examine
(B) consolidation (B) be examined
(C) consolidated (C) to examine
(D) consolidating (D) examining

UNIT | 05 NOUNS & PRONOUNS - DANH/ ĐẠI TỪ
YOU MUST REMEMBER:
• Compound noun (Danh từ kép)
• Special nouns (Danh từ đặc biệt)
• Quantity words (Lượng từ)
• Other(s) (Các dạng liên quan đến other)
• Pronouns (Một số đại từ thông dụng)
NOUNS -tion/ -sion/ -ment/ -ance/ -ness/ -ship/ -ty/ -ism/ -sis/ -ure
Subject An allowance is provided to employees on business trips in other cities.
Please present the receipt from your purchase when leaving the store.
Object
Upon arrival, Mr. Liu will contact someone on our staff.
Complement The reason why the client supports program was shortage of staff.
2 COMPOUND NOUNS - DANH TỪ KÉP
workplace safety price adjustment account information earnings figures

keynote speaker tourist attraction product availability consumer preference
maintenance work job responsibility awards ceremony retirement party
housing allowance employee performance travel arrangement contingency plan
email confirmation press coverage safety standards/ sales representative
building modifications job description regulations/ return policy
feasibility study exercise equipment guidelines/ reference letter
expiration date assembly line precautions registration form
work productivity living expenses office supplies quality requirement
sales quota salary freeze customs clearance occupancy rate
working environment building permit investment decision growth/ interest rate
customer satisfaction enrollment form confidentiality policy communication skills
attendance record application form account number water usage
Pederson Inc. has provided a variety of office supplies to our company for 5 years.

3 SPECIAL NOUNS - DANH TỪ ĐẶC BIỆT
Approval Withdrawal Rental Professional

-AL Disposal Referral Potential Renewal
Removal Arrival Individual Appraisal
Initiative Representative Alternative Incentive
-IVE
Perspective Adhesive Objective Executive
Planning Opening Processing Widening
-ING
Accounting Ticketing Spending Advertising
Specifics Precautions Procedures Valuables
-S Proceeds Instructions Belongings Earnings
Regulations Guidelines Goods Standards
Information Merchandise Baggage Consent
Advice Clothing Furniture Equipment
UNCOUNT
Employment Knowledge Negligence Luggage
Assistance Access Manufacture Stationery
Architect Associate Characteristic Assembly
OTHERS
Delegate Graduate Critic Authority
I need to have a meeting with account executives at our advertising agency.
4 QUANTITY WORDS - LƯỢNG TỪ
Countable noun Uncountable

Quantity words noun Example
Single Plural
a(n), one, each x
each suggestion
either, neither x
another, every x x every two years
(a) few, several, many, both (of the) x (a) few suggestions
a number/ range/ variety of x
a number of suggestions
each/ one/ either/ neither of the x
(a) little, much (of the) x
(a) little advice
a large amount/ great deal of x
some, more, all, most, any (of the) x x
most advice/ suggestions
a lot/ wealth/ plenty of x x

5 OTHER(S) - CÁC DẠNG LIÊN QUAN OTHER
Countable noun Uncountable

OTHER(S) Contracted form Example
Single Plural noun
Other other factors
x x Others (S/O)
other equipment
Another another meeting
x x Another (S/O)
another forty miles
The other The other (S/O) the other sample
x x
The others (S/O) the other applicants
Each other work closely with
(O)
One another one another
PRONOUNS
1 BẢNG ĐẠI TỪ CƠ BẢN
SUBJECT OBJECT P. ADJECTIVES P. PRONOUNS REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

I me my mine myself
we us our ours ourselves
you you your yours yourself/ yourselves
he him his his himself
she her her hers herself
it it its - itself
they them their theirs themselves
One My sweater didn’t fit, so I purchased a bigger one.
Hers My major is physics while hers is art.
Those Those (people) who submitted an entry on time are eligible to win a cash prize.
That/ Those The quality of products in the store differs from that of goods found in online store.
Oneself The president himself announced the new economic reform policy.
Mr. Eaton should be able to complete the report by himself.
Prep + O.S
The policy is not a problem in itself, but the application is.
Mr. Park promoted his own short story on social media.
Own
Mr. Park promotes a short story of his own on social media.

01. After 3 months in training, the staff were 06. A colleague of ------- assist me in showing
finally able to begin selling Soundwave’s new the clients around our manufacturing plant.
audio products --------. (A) my
(A) itself (B) mine
(B) them (C) me
(C) themselves (D) I
(D) his 07. If an employee loses their card key, the
02. The ------- of the new bookcase was more
Maintenance Department will charge a
difficult than expected.
replacement fee and issue -------.
(A) assembles
(A) another
(B) assembly
(B) one another
(C) assembler
(C) other
(D) assembled
(D) other one
03. The R&D division has finished its budget
08. When touring the construction site, visitors
for next year, but we in the PR division haven’t
must wear ------ protective clothing.
completed ----- yet.
(A) another
(A) us
(B) our (B) each
(C) ourselves (C) other
(D) ours (D) each other

04. Ms. Cole visited the construction site 09. George Hathaway asked the members of
by ------- to check up on the progress of the his research team to cooperate with -------
warehouse being built. in order to finish the project on schedule.
(A) her (A) other
(B) she (B) one
(C) herself (C) the other
(D) hers (D) one another
05. ------- determined to qualify for managerial 10. Mr. Park, our advertising consultant, will
positions at the firm must make an effort to submit -------- first report to us on Friday.
develop leadership skills.
(A) he
(A) They
(B) him
(B) That
(C) his
(C) Those
(D) himself
(D) No one

11. Metalwork has just added new protocol for 16. Of the several plants, one plant gets 50%
assembly workers to its ------- regulations. of its energy from solar power while ------ uses
(A) safe windmills to produce 28% of its energy.
(B) safety (A) another
(C) safeties (B) others
(D) safely (C) one another
12. The request of pay raise for assembly line (D) the others
workers will be subject to ------- from the chief 17. To announce the ------ party for the vice
executive officer. president of the company, the general manager
(A) approved posted a notice on the company’s online board.
(B) approval (A) retiree
(C) approves (B) retirement
(D) approve (C) retiring
13. Prior to takeoff, flight attendants have to (D) retires
make sure that ------- of the passengers has 18. Auto Agency’s newly -------- branch in Roma
fastened their seat belt and is sitting in an has already proven successful with more than
upright position. 500 vehicle rentals reported in the first month.
(A) every (A) establishing
(B) all (B) establishment
(C) much (C) established
(D) each (D) establishes
14. The two companies agreed to reveal 19. It is important to spread ------ flour on the
findings only to -------, and not to publicity surface before rolling out the dough for the
release the results or involve a third party. crust.
(A) another (A) some
(B) the others (B) many
(C) ones (C) few
(D) each other (D) any
15. Due to funding problems and long 20. Because the actual color differed from -----
construction delays, ----- year will have passed in the catalog description, Gowns returned two
by the time the new building is finished. boxes of lace to the supplier.
(A) either (A) that
(B) neither (B) including
(C) other (C) except
(D) another (D) only

21. The members of each team are asked to 26. One associate remained in the main office
share ideas among ------- and develop a with the visiting executives while ------- hurried
prototype for a motorbike during this quarter. to gather the printed reports and documents.
(A) themselves (A) other
(B) himself (B) the others
(C) yourselves (C) each other
(D) ourselves (D) one another
22. The extension of the deadline has enabled 27. ------- staff members must seek prior
most of the sales representatives to complete authorization from their supervisors if they
their ------- on time. wish to work overtime.
(A) propose (A) Each
(B) proposing (B) Less
(C) proposal (C) Every
(D) proposed
(D) All
23. Atlanta, a company based in Mexico, has
28. Major industries in this district include
developed a ------- plan to ensure that its
food processing and aircraft --------.
operations will not be affected by strikes.
(A) manufacturer
(A) contingency
(B) manufactures
(B) contingent
(C) manufactured
(C) contingently
(D) manufacture
(D) contingents
29. Mr. Rouja would like to see all employees
24. Customers of the online shopping site have
take more -------- and develop contacts with
lodged several ------- with the Regional Trade
potential clients.
Board after the company failed to deliver
(A) initiative
on the promises it advertised.
(B) initiated
(A) complain
(C) initiate
(B) complaints
(D) initiating
(C) complained
30. Leroy researched consumer ------- around
(D) complaining
the nation as part of the development of its
25. Mr. Anderson spoke with Ms. Peebles and
low-calorie beverage products.
asked -------- to attend the trade fair in Boise.
(A) preferred
(A) him
(B) her (B) preferable
(C) them (C) preference
(D) it (D) preferring

31. The fast-food NuTru claims that our logo 36. Customers prefer to shop at Kwon’s since
is a poorly disguised version of -------- of own. the store offers an unconditional guarantee
(A) them on ------ purchases.
(B) their (A) any of
(C) theirs (B) each
(D) themselves (C) all
32. This year’s revenue figures from major (D) every
auto rental agencies are remarkably similar to
37. Because the sales representatives were
------ of the preceding four years.
late leaving the office, there was very ------
(A) those
time for us to talk before the client meeting.
(B) that
(A) little
(C) them
(B) few
(D) this
(C) less
33. Construction of the carpet showroom will
(D) hard
be finished by July 2nd, but operations will not
38. The open-plan office will lead employees
begin for ------ month.
to interact with ------ more frequently.
(A) other
(B) another (A) ourselves
(C) one another (B) one another
(D) some other (C) the other
34. Dr. Hemana and Dr. Waringham, the joint (D) those
recipients of the Cobalt Research Prize, have 39. ------ who wish to participate in the seminar
known ------ since they were university students offered by XMT Consulting must register by
in Auckland. Wednesday at 5:00 P.M.
(A) other one (A) Those
(B) another one (B) Them
(C) any other (C) Themselves
(D) each other (D) Theirs
35. Even though he performed the experiment 40. After three weeks of training, the interns
several times, Professor Katakura’s results
will be asked to develop a new product on ------.
differed from -------- of his colleagues.
(A) their own
(A) it
(B) them
(B) them
(C) themselves
(C) theirs
(D) they
(D) those

UNIT | 06 ADJ & ADV - TÍNH/ TRẠNG TỪ
YOU MUST REMEMBER:
• Verb + ADJ (Động từ + Tính từ)
• Participles (Phân từ dùng như tính từ)
• Comparision (Câu so sánh)
• Confusing adjectives (Tính từ nhầm lẫn)
• Adverbs (Trạng từ)
• Inversion (Đảo ngữ)
ADJECTIVES -able/ -ive/ -ous/ -ful/ -ent/ -ary/ -less/ -tical/ -ic/ -y/ -al/ -ate
1 POSITIONS - VỊ TRÍ
ADJ + N Travelers will receive the final confirmation for their trip on Monday.
ADV + ADJ The surprisingly suspenseful film has proven popular with moviegoers.
N + ADJ The apartments available in New York are incredibly expensive.
V + (O) + ADJ Natural fibers make clothes more comfortable and durable.
2 VERB + (O) + ADJECTIVE
1 Linking verbs
be* become* remain stay seem turn sound

run grow feel look prove get appear
Edward became a certified pharmacist.

Become* + Noun phrase
The market for slim laptops has recently become very competitive.
Become + ADJ
2 V + O + ADJ
make find leave consider keep deem
We will keep your personal information confidential.

You will find the manual very helpful in solving any problems you encounter.
Chú ý: Sau FIND + O + ADJ (V-ing/ V3) => luôn dùng ADJ (V-ing)

3 V + IT + ADJ
My classmates thought it difficult to understand the lecture.
V (think) + IT + ADJ + to infinitive
Directors consider it important that eligible employees get sufficient financial benefits.
V (consider) + IT + ADJ + that S V O
V = think/ feel/ consider/ find/ make: cảm thấy như thế nào.
3 PARPTICIPLES - PHÂN TỪ
There is a growing demand for videos that are compatible with multiple formats.
V-ing = Active voice
Please read the enclosed instructions before assembling the desk.
P.P = Passive voice
4 COMPARISION - SO SÁNH
1 So sánh bằng
AS + ADJ/ ADV + AS or THE SAME + N + AS
Andrew has the same car as we do.

The replacement part is nearly as expensive as a new machine.
2 So sánh hơn
ADJ/ ADV + ER THAN or MORE + ADJ/ ADV + THAN
This year’s bonus is larger than the one was.

I drove more slowly than usual because of the weather.
3 So sánh nhất
ADJ/ ADV + EST or THE MOST + ADJ/ ADV
City Hall is the oldest building of all the structures.

Summer Rain is the most interesting movie we saw during the film festival.
4 Nhấn mạnh so sánh
BY FAR/ QUITE/ VERY + SO SÁNH NHẤT

MUCH/ EVEN/ STILL/ FAR/ A LOT + SO SÁNH HƠN
How you attain success is much more crucial than success itself.
Lisa Reyes is by far the company’s most valuable researcher.


5 Một số dạng so sánh khác
no longer not any longer no later than other than
than expected more than more and more at least
less than rather than at your earliest convenience
as ... as possible at the latest the + SSH + S + V, the + SSH + S + V
Applicants must send in their application forms no later than Feburary 2.
5 CONFUSING ADVERBS – CẶP TRẠNG TỪ HAY GÂY NHẦM LẪN
argumentative thích tranh luận arguable đáng ngờ
appreciative biết thưởng thức appreciable đáng kể
considerate ân cần, chu đáo, ý tứ considerable đáng kể
confident tự tin confidential mật (bí mật)
complementary bổ sung complimentary miễn phí
comprehensive bao quát, toàn diện comprehensible có thể hiểu được
dependent phụ thuộc dependable đáng tin cậy

economic thuộc kinh tế economical tiết kiệm
exhaustive toàn diện exhausted kiệt sức
favorite ưa thích hơn favorable thuận lợi, tích cực
impressive ấn tượng impressed bị ấn tượng bởi
prospective tiềm năng prosperous thịnh vượng
reliable đáng tin, xác thực reliant dựa vào
respectful tỏa vẻ tôn trọng

respective tương ứng respectable đứng đắn, đáng kính
respected được đánh giá cao
responsible chịu trách nhiệm responsive đáp lại, phản ứng
seasonal theo mùa vụ/ thời vụ seasoned dày dạn kinh nghiệm
sensitive nhạy cảm sensible hợp lý
successful thành công successive liên/ kế tiếp
sized có quy mô sizeable khá lớn
interesting thú vị interested quan tâm
informed có (hiểu) biết informative nhiều thông tin hữu ích
The planning team is reviewing a [confidential/ confident] report.

ADVERBS -ly
ADV + V The legislators finally decided to reform the law.
Vngoại + O + ADV Ms. Hitchens interviewed the candidates personally.
Vnội + ADV Please respond promptly to the inquiry.
AUX + ADV + Vchính The new supermarket is conveniently located on William Street.
BE + ADV + ADJ The company’s stock price is relatively low compared to its earnings.
ADV + NUMBER The facility can accommodate approximately 100 participants.
ADV + PREP + N The items are currently out of stock, so you can’t purchase them right now.
ADV + ADV The supervisor wrote that he worked extremely diligently in his review.
ADV, SVO. Fortunately, our sales figure improved significantly in spring.
2 CONFUSING ADVERBS – CẶP TRẠNG TỪ HAY GÂY NHẦM
hard khó khăn, siêng hardly hầu như không
late trễ lately gần đây
close sát nhau, gần closely chặt chẽ
high cao highly cực kì
near gần bên nearly non, suýt, sấp xỉ
great tuyệt vời greatly nhiều
short ngắn (chiều dài), thấp shortly sớm, ngắn gọn
3 INVERSION - ĐẢO NGỮ
1 Attached/ Enclosed
ATTACHED/ ENCLOSED + IS + S = VĂN PHONG VIẾT EMAIL
Attached is a summary of the recent survey conducted among our local branches.
2 Trạng từ phủ định
NEVER/ HARDLY/ SELDOM/ RARELY/ SCARCELY/ LITTLE + AUX + S + V
Never have we hired any employees without thoroughly screening them.

3 Only
ONLY + PREP + N + AUX + S + V
ONLY + WHEN + S + V + O + AUX + S +V
Only with this coupon can you get a discount for our new hot items.
4 Nor/ Neither/ So
SO + AUX + S = KHẲNG ĐỊNH
NOR/ NEITHER + AUX + S = PHỦ ĐỊNH
Mr. Laughton didn’t want to be transferred and neither did Mr. Stewart.
5 Câu điều kiện
IF + S + V (SIMPLE PRESENT), S + WILL + Vo/ PLEASE + Vo + O

Type 1 => SHOULD + S + Vo, S + V (FUTURE TENSES)/ (PLEASE) + Vo + O.
Should any of this cost you anything, send me the bill.
IF + S + HAD +P.P, S + WOULD + HAVE + P.P
Type 3 => HAD + S + (NOT) + P.P, S + COULD/ WOULD + HAVE + P.P
Had they not rushed Dan to hospital, he would have died.
01. Overseas travel is likely to become more 03. Job applicants will find it useful -------a
------- as many airlines are planning to increase candidate profile with a large recruiting agency
fares by up to 15 percent. to help in their employment search.
(A) expensive (A) to complete
(B) expense (B) completion
(C) expenses (C) are completing
(D) expensively (D) completed
02. The conference organizers sent a letter 04. Visit our Web site for ------- information
stating that attendees are ------- for arranging about our professional seminars and career
their own accommodations. advancement workshops.
(A) responsibly (A) detail
(B) responsible (B) details
(C) responsibility (C) detailed
(D) responsive (D) detailing

05. Although many deemed it -------, the Rocky 10. During the staff meeting, Canberra
Corporation was able to generate large profits Instruments president McKinley delivered a
in the first year of business. ------- speech about his plans for the company.
(A) impossible (A) convincement
(B) impossibility (B) convinced
(C) impossibly (C) convince
(D) possible (D) convincing
06. The artwork for the advertisement was ----- 11. Staff members should use the recently ------
complete when the client requested major
reference materials to expand their knowledge
changes.
of communications software.
(A) nearly
(A) ordered
(B) nearest
(B) ordering
(C) nearer
(C) orders
(D) neared
(D) order
07. Ms. Okada is the ------ player ever win the
12. The government policy specifies that all ------
National Golf Tournament held in Osaka.
applicants must receive equal consideration
(A) youngest
for open civil service positions.
(B) young
(A) experiencing
(C) younger
(D) most young (B) experience
08. Although found ------ for the damage to the (C) experienced
house, the cleaning company was unwilling (D) experiential
to provide compensation for what had been 13. Relivium is ------- more effective at reducing
done. headache symptoms than other brands.

(A) responded (A) signify
(B) responsibility (B) signifier
(C) responsible (C) significantly
(D) responsibly (D) significant
09. The Nelta Manufacturing plant manager 14. This new coffee machine makes froth ------
considered it ------ to suspend production while more efficiently than the old one.
safety inspections were being conducted. (A) much
(A) necessity (B) so
(B) necessary (C) very
(C) necessitate (D) really
(D) necessarily

15. Since the market collapsed, consumers 20. Kenzie is a ----- law firm with a successful
have been asked to sell stock as ------ as history of providing experienced attorneys to
possible. its clients.
(A) cautious (A) respectable
(B) cautiously (B) respectful
(C) more cautious (C) respecting
(D) more cautiously
(D) respective
16. Because business language can be more
21. Under more ------ circumstances, the
technical and formal ------- conversational
trustees would have approved the budget
speech, decide whether or not you need an
increase, but this year it was impossible.
interpreter.
(A) favorable
(A) than
(B) favorably
(B) within
(C) favor
(C) as
(D) favorite
(D) less
22. Although Wilson was not ------- about his
17. Friar Street is ----- closer to the airport than
Spanish-speaking skills, the company sent
Sanford, making it a location for traffic jam.
him to Mexico to help establish a branch.
(A) well
(B) much (A) confidence
(C) exactly (B) confidently
(D) more (C) confident
18. The Turner-Mitchell Foundation uses the (D) confidential
achievements as a basis for ------ financial 23. Though far from ------, the study conducted
assistance. by Caratini identifies some issues affecting
(A) rewarding business decisions in small companies.
(B) reward (A) exhausted
(C) rewarded (B) exhaustively
(D) rewards (C) exhaustive
19. Prior to the start of the project, Mr. Hanks (D) exhausts
exerted ------- effort to determine the feasibility 24. Critics loved Mr. Ikeda’s performance
of the construction plan. in the film, and ------ did audiences.
(A) considers (A) as
(B) considerate
(B) quite
(C) considerable
(C) neither
(D) considerably
(D) so

25. ------- is a product catalog that also includes 30. Suburban residents are ------- in favor of
detailed information regarding our shipping expanding Highway 589 to relieve traffic
policies. congestion.
(A) Enclosure (A) overwhelm
(B) Enclosed (B) overwhelmingly
(C) Enclosing (C) overwhelming
(D) Encloses (D) overwhelms
26. Mr. Jack’s sales team may work at our 31. The students enrolled in the painting
exhibit booth at the weekend trade show ----- course at the Model Art School have worked
additional staff be needed during the event. exceptionally ------- over the past year.
(A) while (A) hard
(B) during (B) hardy
(C) should (C) hardest
(D) in addition (D) hardly

32. ------- you experience any difficulties
27. ------ does Belangier Salon receive negative
accessing your online account, our customer
reviews of its hair care services.
service agents will be happy to assist you.
(A) Ever
(A) Were
(B) Sometimes
(B) Should
(C) Rarely
(C) What
(D) Much (D) Than
28. Ms. Park will not be able to attend the sales 33. Had the clients given us more time to
presentation, and ------- will Mr. Jefferson. conduct the market research, we ------- more
(A) also open-ended questions to the survey form.
(B) however (A) will add

(B) might add
(C) nor
(C) have added
(D) now
(D) would have added
29. Only on “Casual Fridays” can employees
34. One responsibility of the position is to ------
stationed at the front desk ------- jeans.
update information spreadsheets.
(A) wear
(A) regular
(B) wears
(B) regularities
(C) wearing
(C) regularize
(D) to wear
(D) regularly

UNIT | 07 CONJUNCTIONS AND CONNECTIVES
YOU MUST REMEMBER:
• Conjunctions (Liên từ)
• Connectives (Từ nối)
• Reduced adverbial clauses (Rút gọn mệnh đề trạng ngữ)
CONJUNCTIONS
1 SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS – LIÊN TỪ PHỤ THUỘC
because, since, as, for, now (that), in that, seeing (that) S+V+O
REASON because of, due to, owing to, in view of, for, in light of,
on account of, as a result of, thanks to NP/ VING
although, though, even though, much as, whereas, even

S+V+O
CONCES- if, while, however/ no matter how + adj/ adv + S + V
SION
in spite of, despite, notwithstanding, regardless of NP/ VING
so that, in order that S+V+O

PURPOSE
so as to/ in order to/ to Vo
If, assuming that, unless, provided/ providing

CONDI- (that), so/ as long as, on (the) condition that
TION
in case/ in the event (that)
until/ till, before, by the time, after, when, as,

TIME
once, even as, while, as soon as, just as, since
as if/ though, except that, given/ considering/

OTHERS
granted that
Ms. Moran will probably leave for the airport as soon as her taxi arrives.
Since the desk was all assembled, it is ready to use.
Even if the sales increased, the overall profits declined.

2 COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS – LIÊN TỪ KẾT HỢP
but or nor yet and
Based on the information we have received from distributors and customers, we are planning
N and N => cấu trúc song song
to relocate our headquarters.
3 CORRELATIVE CONJUNCTIONS – LIÊN TỪ TƯƠNG QUAN
either ... or neither ... nor not only ... but also (as well) both ... and
Either Bill or Brenda is going to take care of our dog while we’re away next week.
CONNECTIVES
S + V + O. TỪ NỐI, S + V + O.
Giữa hai câu I appreciate your invitation to speak at the convention. However, I will not
be able to attend owing to my business trip to Singapore next week.
S + V + O; TỪ NỐI, S + V + O.
Giữa hai mệnh đề Employees should ensure they sign in before starting each shift; otherwise,
working hours may not be accurately reflected in the following paychecks.
S + V + O + AND + TỪ NỐI + (S) + V + O.
Nối thông qua AND
She sings beautifully and also plays the flute and piano.
2 TỪ NỐI THÔNG DỤNG
therefore, thus, accordingly vì vậy, cho nên however tuy nhiên

as a result, consequently, hence vì vậy, cho nên never(none)theless tuy nhiên
moreover, furthermore hơn thế nữa otherwise nếu không thì
besides, in addition bên cạnh đó likewise cũng thế/ vậy
on the other hand mặc khác in fact thực tế
on the contrary/ in contrast ngược lại meanwhile/ in the meantime trong khi đó
in other words nói cách khác to that end để đạt được
if not nếu không even so mặc dù
in particular/ particularly cụ thể alternatively cách khác
for example/ for instance ví dụ then, afterward sau đó
namely là, đó là in short/ conclusion tóm lại

REDUCED ADVERBIAL CLAUSES
1 RÚT GỌN CÒN LIÊN TỪ
If frequently updated, the application will have very few problems.

IF
= If the application is frequently updated, it will have every few problems.
Although inexperienced, interns will make a difference in the future.
ALTHOUGH = Although interns are inexperienced, they’ll make a difference in the future.
Visitors should check the regulations before entering the exhibit rooms.
AFTER/ BEFORE
= Visitors should check the regulations before they enter the exhibit rooms.
When working on an urgent project, staff must collaborate with each other.
WHEN/ ONCE
= When staff work on an urgent project, they must collaborate with each other.
2 RÚT GỌN LUÔN LIÊN TỪ
Participating the seminar, Mr. Kim developed the topic of his dissertation.
WHILE = While Mr. Kim was participating the seminar, he developed the topic of his
dissertation.
Arriving late, Mr. Barth apologized before beginning the seminar.
BECAUSE
= Because Mr. Barth arrived late, he apologized before beginning the seminar.
Having passed the job interview, I told my friends the good news.
AFTER = After I had passed the job interview, I told my friends the good news.
EXERCISES
01. Please review the article thoroughly ------- it 03. ------ their previous model was quite popular
has been received from the writer. among teens, few expect the next one to be as
(A) then attractive.

(A) In spite of
(B) while
(B) Even though
(C) as soon as
(C) Regardless of
(D) notwithstanding
(D) But
02. In ------- of the low cost of fuel, the price of
04. ------- the delayed arrival of his flight, Mr.
products is reduced by 30%. James made it on time to the conference.
(A) view (A) Regardless
(B) sight (B) Otherwise
(C) scene (C) While
(D) scenery (D) Despite

05. Client requests for DNA tests cannot 10. ------- he is the top scientist, he will find the
proceed ------- a deposit of $100 is received. solution soon.
(A) despite (A) Given that
(B) even (B) Granted
(C) until (C) Although
(D) prior to (D) Even if
06. ------- the marketing staff has completed 11. Noviz Publishing installed new illustration
the three-week intensive training, the manager software on its computers ------- book cover
designers could work more effectively.
will ask them to submit a report.
(A) so that
(A) Once
(B) as if
(B) Afterward
(C) so as to
(C) Next
(D) due to
(D) Then
12. Greenychi Safety Shipping assures you
07. Alsacent’s restaurant has been a dramatic
that all shipments will be delivered on time -----
increase in sales ------ it moved to the downtown
remote their destinations might be.
area.
(A) no matter how
(A) when
(B) insofar as
(B) after
(C) nevertheless
(C) whereas
(D) in order that
(D) since
13. ------- Mr. Hong has received excellent
08. ------- recent developments, we will be
performance appraisals for three consecutive
recruiting for a new Head of Sales. years, he will certainly be promoted this spring.
(A) In light of (A) So that
(B) Even so (B) As
(C) However (C) Although
(D) Next to (D) As a result
09. ------- more people are connected through 14. ------- your turn has been received, a refund
social media, it has become much easier for will be issued to your account within three
consumers to share product reviews. business day.
(A) Instead of (A) In order that
(B) Now that (B) Instead
(C) Because of (C) Now that
(D) As if (D) Meanwhile

15. We have received your request for an 20. After hastily ------- complaints that the
estimate ------- regret that we are unable to kitchen tool was defective, Kitchen Works
process it without documentation. Company issued an immediate recall.
(A) while (A) verify
(B) after (B) verifies
(C) then (C) verifying
(D) but (D) are verified
16. ------- Mr. Kang’s project has been approved, 21. ----- the company’s official financial advisor,
Mauer Consulting needs to hire two new Mr. Jefferson is privy to secret information
research associates.
about the company’s performance.
(A) If so
(A) To be
(B) Rather than
(B) Being
(C) Owing to
(C) Be
(D) Given that
(D) Has been
17. The company’s revenue during the next
22. Although Rebecca Lewis has worked at
quarter will increase, ------- the lucrative
the company for only three months, she has
contract with Kang Securities can be finalized
already proved that she can cope when --------
before next month.
with stressful situations.
(A) as if
(A) confront
(B) whereas
(B) confronting
(C) whether
(C) confronts
(D) assuming that
18. ------- terminated her rental contract at Lee (D) confronted
Gardens, Ms. Pascual was able to move to a 23. 90 percent of the respondents said they
more convenient location. would undertake the research projects as -------
(A) Had in order to strengthen productivity.

(B) Having (A) plan
(C) Have (B) planning
(D) Will have (C) planned
19. Although ------, the manuscript will not be (D) plans
published until the editor is certain that the 24. All passwords must be changed again by
final draft is error free. Friday ------ you have done so previously.
(A) completed (A) in that
(B) completes (B) even if
(C) are completed (C) rather than
(D) have completed (D) not only

25. All employees should shut down their 30. The documents will be delivered by courier
computers at the end of each workday, unless ------ a completed request form is submitted
-------- otherwise. online or via fax machine.
(A) instructing (A) once
(B) instructed (B) just
(C) instructor (C) upon
(D) instruct (D) still
26. Ms. Turner asked us to use the original
31. -------- most Latin America regions, Suncor
design for the product display ------ the one
Natural Gas announced on Wednesday that it
submitted by the marketing team.
had sold some of its northern branches.
(A) although
(A) Serving
(B) instead of
(B) Will be serving
(C) despite
(C) May have served
(D) when
(D) Serves
27. Albom Limited will be refinanced ------ to
32. Visitors are required to wear badges ------
save on long-term interest rates and to ensure
they can be easily identified.
a solid credit rating.
(A) all (A) except that
(B) both (B) rather
(C) as well (C) anyhow
(D) not only (D) so that

28. ------ that wheat exports have declined 33. Construction will begin on the new water
significantly over the past year, famers are park ------ all city permits are authorized.
likely to appeal to the government for (A) as soon as
assistance. (B) due to
(A) Considering (C) during
(B) So (D) up to
(C) In case 34. All Baxmooth appliances come with a
(D) Unless standard one-year warranty ------ otherwise
29. The workshop went surprisingly well, ------
noted.
it was Vince’s first time running one.
(A) whereas
(A) throughout
(B) below
(B) given that
(C) neither
(C) after all
(D) unless
(D) whereas

UNIT | 08 PREPOSITIONS - GIỚI TỪ
YOU MUST REMEMBER:
• Prepositions (Giới từ)
• Prepositional phrases (Cụm giới từ)
PREPOSITIONS
1 GIỚI TỪ THÔNG DỤNG
at/ on/ in beyond across for/ since pertaining to
among above from as of except for
between ... and below across from after/ following aside from
by/ until under opposite before apart from
within behind (in)to upon besides
without in front of out of onto as well as
via beside along regarding (un)like
through next to along with including as
throughout around past about/ as to such as
for/ during/ over near toward(s) concerning against
2 ADJ + PREPOSITION
excited about popular with able to content with absent from
enthusiastic about suitable for accessible to opposed to equivalent to
reluctant to different from exposed to confronted with identical to
expert at successful in familiar with/ to intended for consistent with
eligible for aware of likely to interested in satisfied with
liable for capable of willing to restricted to sympathetic with
famous/ noted for dependent on responsible for suspicious of faced with
renowned for reliant on qualified for cognizant of limited to
known for based on/ in relevant to impressed by similar to

3 VERB/ NOUN + PREPOSITION
comply with interfere with/ in depend/ rely on comment on lack/ shortage of

deal with inquire about participate in access to method of
refrain from refer to account for rise/ increase in relationship with
consist of specialize in expand into drop/ decrease in resistance to
concentrate on search for interest in dispute over reputation for/ as
dispose of collaborate with demand for influence on discussion about
reply/ respond to coincide with advantage over solution to problem with
content with benefit from contribution to impact on proficiency in
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES
1 PREPOSITION + NOUN
across the nation in line on average
across from the office in the end out of fashion/ date
above/ beyond expectation in working order out of print
against the law in demand out of order
at one’s earliest convenience in bulk out of stock
at no charge/ expense/ cost in detail out of work
at discount in full out of focus
at one’s discretion in writing under consideration
at one’s disposal in effect under pressure/ stress
at all times in a timely manner under control
ahead of schedule/ time on a regular basis under management
beyond repair on duty under supervision
by a narrow victory/ margin on schedule under policy/ contract
during the whole time on one’s own upon arrival
in advance on display upon request
in turn on time within distance
in stock on business without permission

2 PREP + NOUN + PREP
as part of in charge of in favor of
at the end of in keeping/ line with in an attempt/ effort to
at the beginning of in anticipation/ case of in addition to
at the discretion of in collaboration with in time for
as opposed to in combination with in advance of
by means of in compensation for in lieu of
in place of in association with in/ with reference to
in preparation for in receipt of in commemoration of
in respect of in recognition of on top of
in terms of in cooperation with on behalf of
in relation to in exchange for under the supervision of
in respond to in observance of with intent to
in reply to in accordance with with the exception of
in violation of in comparison to/ with with regard to
in celebration of in conjunction with with the intention of
in honor of in agreement with with respect to
EXERCISES
01. The CEO said that Mrs. Lytle will be ------- 03. In ------- to requests from our employees,
of marketing the new line of women’s casual the basement cafeteria will remain open until
wear. 7.00 P.M.
(A) management (A) response
(B) leadership (B) preparation
(C) in charge (C) addition
(D) in place (D) order
02. Storeowners removed outdoor signs and 04. In case your vehicle is damaged ----- repair,
decorations in ------- of the windstorm. we’ll help you in locating a replacement one.
(A) damages (A) between
(B) relation (B) below
(C) recovering (C) beyond
(D) anticipation (D) beside

05. The AB Hotel, in ------- with the organizers 10. Warehouse Clearance Store is having a
of the annual film festival, offers a package sale with savings of up to 40 percent off on all
including accommodations, and tickets. clothing this weekend -------- celebration of its
(A) relation 25th anniversary.
(B) agreement (A) in

(B) at
(C) conjunction
(C) of
(D) alignment
(D) on
06. Employees at Thompson Labs must wear
11. Management decided to give a generous
all the protective gear shown on the poster at
Christmas bonus in ------- of the employees’
the lab entrance, ------- safety regulations.
dedicated service throughout the year.
(A) provided
(A) recognition
(B) extending
(B) notice
(C) in keeping with (C) absence
(D) by means of (D) help
07. Designer Kate Smith’s ------- with retailer 12. The firm’s anniversary party will be held -----
G-Mart led to an 11 percent increase in sales. August 26, so attendees must make a note of
(A) relation this date.
(B) evaluation (A) in
(C) comparison (B) by
(D) collaboration (C) on
08. ------- a very competitive salary, all of our (D) to

13. Companies that wish to participate in the
employees will receive a special overtime
Boston Technology Exhibition should submit
allowance.
their applications ------ November 5.
(A) Due to
(A) in
(B) On top of
(B) to
(C) Beside
(C) by
(D) In addition
(D) until
09. Our head office is conveniently located -----
14. ------ complaints from guests about long
walking distance of the subway station. waits, the hotel is adding two more elevators.
(A) nearby (A) In addition to
(B) within (B) In respond to
(C) in front of (C) In exchange of
(D) across (D) On behalf of

15. Many people are concerned about the high 21. The training session is mandatory for every
costs associated ------ homeownership, such department ------ the marketing department.
as maintenance fees and property taxes. (A) except
(A) to (B) down
(B) on (C) unless
(C) with (D) without
(D) for 22. Runners in tomorrow’s race should expect
16. The community swimming pool is not to poor weather, ------ rain and fog.
(A) according to
be used at any time unless a trained lifeguard
(B) meanwhile
is ------ duty.
(C) including
(A) unlike
(D) provided that
(B) below
23. The members of the hiring committee
(C) with
identified Ms. Jansen ------ the best candidate
(D) on
for the position.
17. Armstrong Shipping was fined for failing to
(A) as
------ with environmental regulations for trucks.
(B) since
(A) fulfill
(C) from
(B) inform
(D) like
(C) comply
24. Historians believe the original manuscript
(D) invest was written ------ 1800.
18. Recent government policies have had a (A) onto
positive ------ on housing prices nationwide. (B) down
(A) impact (C) at
(B) supply (D) around
(C) factor 25. ------ the nominees for the prestigious
(D) target software industry award is a startup firm
19. Ms. Lau from Vestino Bank was very helpful called KW Tech.
----- the entire business loan process. (A) Among
(A) throughout (B) Without
(B) although (C) Except for
(C) later (D) During
(D) underneath 26. The HR team is still unsure ------ whether to
20. Byrd Supermarket has over 50 locations hire one full-time bookkeeper or two part-time
------ the northwest region. ones.
(A) against (A) ahead of
(B) off (B) as to
(C) between (C) out of
(D) across (D) back to

27. ------ completing the online survey, 32. In Ms. Park’s absence, all inquiries ------ the
customers are sent a discount code for fifteen Bevington project should be directed to her
percent their next purchase. assistant.
(A) Over (A) assuming
(B) Near (B) versus
(C) During (C) rather
(D) Upon (D) concerning
28. Sales ------ weeks four and five will be 33. A completed author’s checklist must be
closely monitored to determine how they will submitted ------ your article manuscript.
affect first quarter profits. (A) along with
(A) opposite (B) such as
(B) beside (C) at
(C) during (D) to
(D) with 34. Speaking ------ behalf of the vice president,
29. To guarantee your room reservation at the Alan Lee thanked the employees for their
Palem Hotel, please reply to this message contributions to the fund-raising project.
------ twenty-four hours. (A) at
(A) within (B) on
(B) about (C) by
(C) since (D) for
(D) into 35. Zoticos Clothing, Inc., has acquired two
30. All file folders are stored ------ the top shelf other retail companies as part of a plan to
of the conference room closet. expand ------- Europe and Asia.
(A) out (A) each
(B) on (B) into
(C) to (C) with
(D) for (D) from
31. The Sook-Joo Gyo Library is located slightly 36. Soaring Skies Airlines has benefited greatly
------ the Green Treat Market on Jacob Avenue. ------ their acquisition of a competitor.
(A) into (A) from
(B) over (B) to
(C) among (C) on
(D) past (D) about

UNIT | 09 RELATIVE CLAUSES - MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ
YOU MUST REMEMBER:
• Relative clause (Mệnh đề quan hệ)
• Preposition in relative clause (Giới từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ)
• Reduce and omission (Rút gọn và lượt bỏ)
1 RELATIVE CLAUSE - MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ
This course is intended for anyone who wants to learn about

WHO
classical music.
The person whom Mr. Mat recommended was the most
WHOM
competent applicant for the job.
Ms. Paulson wants to change the itinerary which her travel
ĐẠI TỪ agent sent yesterday.
WHICH
QUAN HỆ Send an e-mail confirming receipt of the invoice which just
arrived with this shipment.
The historical mansion, whose roof was recently replaced, is
WHOSE
a major tourist site.
The invitations that were left with Ms. Rawson need to be
THAT
sent out.
The office was relocated to a place where visitors would
WHERE
benefit from transportation.
TRẠNG TỪ Late autumn is the period when we get most of our orders
WHEN
QUAN HỆ for winter boots.
Adware programs may be the reason why the computers are
WHY
running slowly.
2 PREP IN RELATIVE CLAUSE – GIỚI TỪ TRONG MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ
1 Lượng từ + WHICH/ WHOM + V + O
The class has 20 students. All of the students are boys.

=> The class has 20 students, and all of them are boys.
=> The class has 20 students, all of whom are boys.
Có AND dùng với tân ngữ sau lượng từ và ngược lại dùng đại từ quan hệ.

2 Giới từ + WHICH/ WHOM + S + V/ S + V + O
We have experts. You can discuss your financial problems with experts.
=> We have experts with whom you can discuss your financial problems.
= the expert
Keep the receipt. There is a raffle number on the receipt.
=> Keep the receipt on which there is a raffle number.
= the receipt
3 REDUCTION AND OMISSION – RÚT GỌN VÀ LƯỢT BỎ MĐQH
The marketing manager studied a paper (which details) detailing a

V-ing
strategy for product distribution.
P.P Workers are satisfied with the wage (which is offered) offered at M.A.
RÚT GỌN
ADJ I need to speak with the person (who is) responsible for reservation.
(S)
WHICH The hotel provides service carefully, (which guarantees) guaranteeing
(= A CLAUSE) that guests have a comfortable stay.
PREP The parking lot (which is) near our office has been closed temporarily.
LƯỢT BỎ WHICH This is the form (which) you must fill out for a membership.
(O) WHOM Laura Secord is the woman (whom) I called yesterday.
EXERCISES
01. Genex is a company ------ president is 03. The PR manager could not start the
committed to expanding into the lucrative Asia presentation because the reference material
market. ------- requested was not ready.
(A) who (A) she
(B) whom (B) that
(C) whose (C) was
(D) which (D) whose
02. A lot of manufacturers participated in the 04. Mr. Tim applied for a job at the hospital
expo, some of ------- took advantage of the ------- he did volunteer work while attending
opportunity to introduce next year’s models. university.
(A) who (A) which
(B) whom (B) how
(C) that (C) who
(D) them (D) where

05. We have received numerous applications 10. This packing system, ----- ensures a total
for the marketing assistant position -------- vacuum to retain freshness for a long period, is
was advertised this month in the Daily Times. used in more than 200 food processing plants.
(A) who (A) who
(B) what (B) which
(C) whom (C) what
(D) that (D) whose
06. Our staff work for clients on a wide 11. Tower Building plans to add a recreation
variety of sites, many of ------- are tough complex ------- will accommodate a swimming
industrial environments that are unsuitable pool and other facilities.
for laptops. (A) that
(A) whom (B) who
(B) them (C) where
(C) which
(D) both
(D) that
12. This year’s Middletown Poetry Prize will
07. An administrative assistant was instructed
be awarded to Mie Hasegawa, ------- poem
to notify applicants ------- received high marks
“Venus” was selected from over 500 entries.
to come in for a second interview the following
(A) which
week.
(B) whom
(A) whom
(C) whose
(B) who
(D) that
(C) where
13. Province Bank customers are requested
(D) why
to update annually the passwords ------- use for
08. 53 per cent of people ------- believed the
online banking.
housing boom would continue next year, with
(A) they
19 per cent expecting further double-digit
(B) them
growth.
(C) their
(A) will survey
(D) themselves
(B) surveying
14. Ms. Silva has posted a list of all staff
(C) have surveyed
members ------- are expected to attend
(D) surveyed
09. The new train line, ------- has been running tomorrow’s presentation.
since March, serves six stations. (A) whose
(A) who (B) who
(B) what (C) where
(C) where (D) when
(D) which

15. Emeliar Inc. is a company ------- for its 20. Be aware that candidates ------- applications
employee training and skill development are incomplete will not be considered for an
programs. interview.
(A) knowledge (A) who
(B) known (B) whose
(C) knowing (C) their
(D) knows (D) they
16. Managers often have to decide between 21. The only -------- that can conceivably surpass
several courses of action, none of ------- is Biltextur Ltd. In sales revenue this year is Re-
completely right or wrong. mont Fabrics, Inc.
(A) that (A) more
(B) which (B) which
(C) when (C) none
(D) where (D) one
17. Mayor Williams proudly described the city 22. The manager explained that exercise --------,
as a place ------- the citizens are known for their which have been recently added to the hotel,
hospitality. are available daily.
(A) when (A) facility
(B) where (B) facilities
(C) how (C) facilitating
(D) why (D) facilitated
18. Globalization has become a major factor in 23. After the medication was given yesterday,
the electronics manufacturing industry, often few symptoms were found in ------- with
----- it difficult to distinguish between domestic seasonal allergies.
and foreign companies. (A) whoever
(A) made (B) those
(B) make (C) those who
(C) making (D) anyone who
(D) being made 24. The magazine article shows a list of care
19. All shipments arrive at the receiving dock, ------ delicate fabric such as silk usually
----- a worker checks their track labels. requires.
(A) who (A) who
(B) which (B) whose
(C) when (C) which
(D) where (D) of which

25. The jacket which you ordered is currently 30. Candidates are asked to indicate their
unavailable in the color you --------, but we still research interests by checking the boxes next
send the rest of your order promptly. to the project on -------- they prefer to work.
(A) requests (A) that
(B) requested (B) whom
(C) are requested (C) which
(D) requesting (D) where
26. -------- for server positions who have not 31. Each bag is made by hand in Milan, ------
received a response within two weeks should our company is headquartered.
send a follow-up e-mail. (A) also
(A) Applications (B) where
(B) Applies (C) there
(C) Applicants (D) which
(D) Applying 32. Those employees ------ in an assembly area
27. The weather is scorching this week --------
must wear protective gear at all times.
which citizens are encouraged not to go
(A) work
outside.
(B) have worked
(A) during
(C) will work
(B) of
(D) working
(C) to
33. An employee ------ performance during the
(D) in front of
specified period is satisfactory may receive a
28. Of all the business plans -------- by the
raise based on current pay standards.
marketing manager, Mr. Martin’s idea is the
(A) who
most impressive.
(B) whom
(A) review
(C) whose
(B) reviewed
(D) which
(C) are reviewed
34. The government’s latest expansion of
(D) which reviewed
its education support program has provided
29. The Springden government has published
students with types of tuition assistance ------
regulations -------- owners of rental property to
were formally unavailable.
provide recycling services for tenants.
(A) what
(A) required
(B) these
(B) will require
(C) requiring (C) that
(D) are required (D) there


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Biên soạn: Nguyễn Văn Sĩ

CHỦ NGỮ TÍNH TỪ VÀ TRẠNG TỪ

UNIT 02: MAIN VERBS UNIT 07: CONJUNCTIONS

ĐỘNG TỪ CHÍNH LIÊN TỪ

UNIT 03: PASSIVE VOICE UNIT 08: PREPOSITIONS

THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG GIỚI TỪ

UNIT 04: VERBALS UNIT 09: RELATIVE CLAUSES

UNIT 05: NOUNS AND PRONOUNS

động từ, trạng từ).

và mệnh đề quan hệ.

• Cấu trúc đặc biệt: hỏi về câu so sánh, đảo ngữ.

Khoá học cấp tốc luyện thi đề TOEIC 2023

NOUNS AND NOUN PHRASES

My supervisor was promoted to vice president thanks to his outstanding performance.

Employees are assembling a new automobile model in the manufacturing plant.

2 NOUN PHRASES - CỤM DANH TỪ

GERUNDS AND TO INFINITIVES

Khoá học cấp tốc luyện thi đề TOEIC 2023

He takes the subway to commute to the office on a daily basis.

I am in charge of supervising the new interns of the Human Resources Department.

2 INDEFINITE PRONOUNS – ĐẠI TỪ BẤT ĐỊNH

EXERCISES – BÀI TẬP

Khoá học cấp tốc luyện thi đề TOEIC 2023

new work system, the manager will conduct a (A) to praise

short seminar next month. (B) praising

(A) Helped (C) praise

Khoá học cấp tốc luyện thi đề TOEIC 2023

(A) supplied companies.

(B) suppliers (A) persist

Khoá học cấp tốc luyện thi đề TOEIC 2023

Attendance at the conference surpassed the president’s expectation.

2 APPROACH - PHƯƠNG PHÁP

Bước 1: Nếu chỗ trống cần một ĐỘNG TỪ CHÍNH.

Khoá học cấp tốc luyện thi đề TOEIC 2023

1. Form (Dạng thức)

2. Use (Cách dùng)

2 PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE - THÌ HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN

1. Form (Dạng thức)

2. Use (Cách dùng)

Khoá học cấp tốc luyện thi đề TOEIC 2023

1. Form (Dạng thức)

4 PAST SIMPLE TENSE - THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN

1. Form (Dạng thức)

Khoá học cấp tốc luyện thi đề TOEIC 2023

1. Form (Dạng thức)

6 PAST PERFECT TENSE - THÌ QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH

1. Form (Dạng thức)

We hadn’t eaten anything by the time our father

2. Use (Cách dùng)

7 FUTURE SIMPLE TENSE - THÌ TƯƠNG LAI ĐƠN

1. Form (Dạng thức)

Affirmative S + will + Vo + (O) The cinema will close in July.

Negative S + will + NOT + Vo + (O) I will not attend the meeting.

Khoá học cấp tốc luyện thi đề TOEIC 2023

8 FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE - THÌ TƯƠNG LAI TIẾP DIỄN

1. Form (Dạng thức)

2. Use (Cách dùng)

9 FUTURE PERFECT TENSE - THÌ TƯƠNG LAI HOÀN THÀNH

1. Form (Dạng thức)

I will have finished my homework by the

Khoá học cấp tốc luyện thi đề TOEIC 2023

3 AFTER/ BEFORE - SAU/ TRƯỚC

After the evaluation exams had finished, they had a party.