POLYMERIC

MATERIALS
Materials Engineering
2023-2
Carolina Abril Carrascal, MSc.
 Physical
properties

Chemical
Applications
Properties

Polymeric
Materials

Mechanical
Processing
properties

Types

Elaborado por: Carolina Abril Carrascal

 MONOMER
Molecule
Principal
Elements Others

Oxygen - Nitrogen
Silicon - Chlorine
Carbon Hydrogen Sulfur - Fluorine
(C) (H)
Molecule
≠
atom

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 MONOMER

Ethene Ethylen Monomer

Watch
Video

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 MOST COMMON MONOMERS

methacrylate
ethylene

Styrene

Methyl
vinylchloride
Propylene

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 MONOMER → POLYMER

silicone Monomer

M M M M M M M M M M M M M M

Polymeric chain

Monomer
Elaborado por: Carolina Abril Carrascal
MONOMER → POLYMER
POLYMERIZATION

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MONOMER MOLECULAR WEIGHT: Wm
𝑾𝒎 = 𝑠𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑐 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒
𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑟

W atoms/ W * # atoms
Element
(g/mol) molecule (g/mol)

C Carbon 12 2 24
H Hydrogen 1 6 6

Si Silicon 28 1 28

O Oxygen 16 1 16

Wm 74 g/mol

Elaborado por: Carolina Abril Carrascal

 POLYMERIZATION DEGREE: n
𝒏 = 𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑟 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑒𝑠
𝑖𝑛 𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑦𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑐 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑖𝑛

n=8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Elaborado por: Carolina Abril Carrascal

POLYMER MOLECULAR WEIGHT: Wp
𝑾𝑷 = 𝑠𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑙𝑙
𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑦𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑐 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑖𝑛.

𝑾𝑷 = 𝑊𝑚 ∗ 𝑛

Example: Which is the polymerization degree of a sample

with a polymeric molecular weight of 150000 g/mol?

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 POLYMER MOLECULAR WEIGHT: Wp
Exercise: It polymerized a sample of polyethylene, this polymer has 4000
chains with a molecular weight between 0 and 5000 g/mol, 8000 chains with
weights between 5000 and 10000 g/mol, other 7000 chains with weights
between 10000 and 15000 g/mol; and finally 2000 chains with a molecular
weight between 15000 and 20000 g/mol. Calculate the average molecular
weight of this material.

Elaborado por: Carolina Abril Carrascal

 COPOLYMERS
Homopolymer Copolymer
a Two or three kinds of diferents
Only one kind of monomer monomers (Co-monomers)
Homopolymer

Sthyrene-butadiene rubber unit

Sthyrene
comonomer butadiene
comonomer
Vinylchloride unit
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 COPOLYMERS
random

alternant

block

graft

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 COPOLYMERS
PVA monomer PVC monomer

EXAMPLE:
A copolymer is compound by
15 % w/w of polyvinylacetate
(PVA) and 85 % w/w of
polyvinylchloride (PVC).

Calculate the molar fraction

of each component.

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 FINAL EXERCISE
Calculate the quantity (mass) of benzoyl peroxide initiator needed to
produce 1 kg of polyethylene, this material have a molecular weight of
200000 g/mol.

Elaborado por: Carolina Abril Carrascal