MATHS IN FOCUS 12

MATHEMATICS EXTENSION 1
WORKED SOLUTIONS
Practice set 2

Question 1

A = xy
45 = xy
45
y=
x
= 2x + 2 y
P
 45 
= 2x + 2  
P
 x 
90
= 2x +
P
x

Question 2

dx x
∫=
9− x 2
sin −1   + C
3

Question 3

=
y x3 −1
x 3= y + 1
= ( y + 1)
2
x2 3

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 1

 Question 4

∫ 4 x (5x + 4 ) dx
2 3 7

u= 5 x 3 + 4, du =15 x 2 dx
4
15 ∫
u 7 du

4  u8 
=  +C
15  8 

4  (5x + 4) 
 3 8

= +C
15  8 
 
(5x + 4)
3 8

= +C
30

Question 5

Increasing dy > 0
dx

d2y
Concave down <0
dx 2
B

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 2

Question 6

h
V = π r2
3
h
300 = π r 2
3
900 = π r h
2

900
r=
πh
r 2 + h2 =
l2
2
 900 
l= h + 
2 2

 πh 
900
l=
2
h2 +
πh
π h3 900
=
l2 +
πh πh
π h3 + 900
l=
πh

Question 7

R= 4t + 3t 2

∫ 4t + 3t
2

= 2t 2 + t 3 + C
A = 2t 2 + t 3 + C
10 970 = 2 ( 20 ) + ( 20 ) + C
2 3

C = 2170
A = 2t 2 + t 3 + 2170
A ( 60 ) = 2 ( 60 ) + ( 60 ) + 2170
2 3

A ( 60 ) = 225370 m3

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 3

 Question 8

1
y=
9 + x2
1
y2 =
9 + x2
3 1
π∫ dx
0 9 + x2

3
1 x
= π  tan −1 
3 3 0
1 3 1 −1 0 
= π  tan −1 − tan 
3 3 3 3 
1 π
= π× ×
3 6
π 2
= units3
18

Question 9

1 1
∫0
4 − x2
dx

1
 x
= sin −1 
 2 0
 1 0
=  sin −1 − sin −1 
 2 2
π
=
6

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 4

 Question 10

5 dx
∫2 x +3
2

5
 1 x 
= tan −1 
 3 3 2
 1 5 1 2 
=  tan −1 − tan −1 
 3 3 3 3
= 0.22

Question 11

=
y x2 + 2

(x + 2)
2
=
y2 2

y 2 =x 4 + 4 x 2 + 4
2
π ∫ x4 + 4 x2 + 4
0
2
 x5 4 x3 
=
π + + 4x
5 3 0
  ( 2 )5 4 ( 2 )3   ( 0 )5 4 ( 0 )3  
= π  + + 4 ( 2 ) _  + + 4 ( 0 ) 
 5 3   5 3  
 
376π
= units3
15

=
y x2 + 2
x2= y − 2
3
π ∫ y − 2 dx
2
3
 y2 
=
π  − 2 y
2 2
 [3]2   [ 2]2 
=π  − 2 [3]  −  − 2 [ 2]  
 2   2
 


π
= units3
2

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 5

 Question 12

= ( 2 x − 1)
2
y
=y′ 4 ( 2 x − 1)
4 ( 2 x − 1) < 0
8x − 4 < 0
8x < 4
1
x<
2

Question 13

∫ 3x − 2 x + 1= x 3 − x 2 + x + C
2

Question 14

y = x2 + 3x – 4

y ′ = 2x + 3

y ′′ = 2

concave up

y (4) = (4)2 + 3(4) – 4 = 24, (4, 24)

y (–1) = (–1)2 + 3(–1) – 4 = –6, (–1, –6)

maximum is 24

Question 15

a amplitude = 8

b Period = 2π
3

c Centre = 5

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 6

 Question 16

dx 1 −1
∫ 1+ 4 x 2 2 tan ( 2 x ) + C
=

Question 17
1
∫ sin
−1
x dx
0

0.25
= sin −1 0 + sin −1 1 + 2sin −1 0.25 + 2sin −1 0.5 + 2sin −1 0.75 
2 
= 0.6

Question 18

a y = sin–1 2x

y = sin −1 2 x
sin y = 2 x
sin y
x=
2
1 π2
2 ∫0
b sin y dy
π
1
= [ − cos y ]02
2
1 π 
= − cos + cos 0 
2 2 
1
= units 2
2

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 7

Question 19

A=4
A = xy
4 = xy
4
x=
y
= 2x + 2 y
P
4
P =2 × + 2 y
y
8
P= + 2y
y
8
P′ = − 2 +2
y
8
0= − 2 +2
y
8
−2 =− 2
y
2 y2 = 8
y2 = 4
y= 2
4
P ( 2) =
2× + 2 ( 2) =
8m
( 2)

Question 20

y = sin 7x

dy
= 7 cos 7x
dx

d2y
= 7(–7 sin 7x)
dx 2
= –49 sin 7x

= –49y

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 8

Question 21

∫ 3x + 4x
8

3x9 4 x 2
= + +C
9 2
x9
= + 2x2 + C
3

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 9

Question 22

y = x3 – 3x2 – 9x + 2

y ′ = 3x2 – 6x – 9

y ′′ = 6x – 6

0 = 3x2 – 6x – 9

0 = x2 – 2x – 3

0 = (x – 3)(x + 1)

x = –1, 3

(1)

y ′′ (–1) = 6(–1) – 6 = –12, max

y (–1) = (–1)3 – 3(–1)2 – 9(–1) + 2 = 7, (–1, 7)

(2)

y ′′ (3) = 6(3) – 6 = 12, min

y (3) = (3)3 – 3(3)2 – 9(3) + 2 = –25, (3, –25)

(3)

0 = 6x – 6

6x = 6

x=1

y (1) = (1)3 – 3(1)2 – 9(1) + 2 = –9, (1, –9), point of inflection

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 10

 Question 23

=
y x2 −1
( x −1)( x + 1)
0=
= − 1, 1
1
∫−1
x2 −1
1
 x3 
=  − x
3  −1
 (1)3   ( −1)3 
=  − (1)  −  − ( −1) 
 3   3 
1
=1 units 2
3

Question 24

 −2   2 
a − =  
 3   −3 

 −2   −1   −3 
b  + =  
 3   −4   −1 

 −1   −2   1 
c  − =  
 −4   3   −7 

 −2   −1   −10   6   −4 
d 5   − 6  =   +  =  
 3   −4   15   24   39 

 −2   −1   −1
 − =  
 3   −4   7 
= ( −1) + ( 7 ) = 50 ≈ 7.07
2 2
e
 7 
tan −1  = 98° 8′
 −1 

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 11

 Question 25

3x
∫ 2x 2
−5
dx

u= 2 x 2 − 5, du =4 x dx
3 du
4∫ u
3
= [ ln u ] + C
4
3
= ln 2 x 2 − 5 + C
4

Question 26

f (x) = x3 – 2x2 + 5x – 9

f ′ (x) = 3x2 – 4x + 5

f ′ (3) = 3(3)2 – 4(3) + 5 = 20

f ′′ (x) = 6x – 4

f ′′ (–2) = 6(–2) – 4 = –16

Question 27

ln ( cos −1 x )
d
dx
1 1
= −1
×−
cos x 1− x2
1
=−
1 − x cos −1 x
2

Question 28

tan −1 ( e3 x + 1)
d
dx
1
= × 3 e3 x
1 + ( e + 1)
3x 2

3 e3 x
=
e 6 x + 2 e3 x + 2

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 12

 Question 29
3

∫ (6x + 4 x ) dx
2

1
3
=  2 x3 + 2 x 2 
1

=  2 ( 3) + 2 ( 3)  −  2 (1) + 2 (1) 
3 2 3 2
   
= 68

Question 30

y = 3x3 + 7x2 – 3x – 1

y ′ = 9x2 + 14x – 3

y ′′ = 18x + 14

18x + 14 > 0

18x > –14

7
x>−
9
 7 
Domain  − , ∞ 
 9 

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 13

 Question 31
2
∫1
x 3 x 2 − 3 dx
u=
3 x 2 − 3, du =6 x dx
1 2 12
6 ∫1
u du
2
 3
1 u2 
=  
6 3 
 2 1
2
 3

1 ( − )
2
2 3 x 3 
2
=  
6 3
 
 1
   
( ) ( )
3 3

 3 [ 2] − 3  3 [1] − 3
2 2
 
2 2

=  −  
 9   9 
   
=3

Question 32

∫ sec x ( tan x +1)

2 3
dx
u = tan x + 1, du = sec 2 x dx

∫u
3
du
u4
= +C
4
( tan x + 1)
4

= +C
4

Question 33

4 2 −1  3 x 
∫=
4 + 9x
dx 2
3
tan   + C
 2 

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 14

 Question 34

a
d
( sin −1 x + ln x )=
1
+
1
dx 1− x 2 x

d
( tan −1 x )
4

dx
= 4 ( tan −1 x ) ×
3 1
1+ x2

2 (
tan −1 x )
4 3
=
1+ x

c
d
( 2 cos −1 3 x ) = −
6
dx 1− 9 x2

Question 35

a f (x) = 2x4 – x3 – 7x + 9

f (1) = 2(1)4 – (1)3 – 7(1) + 9 = 3

f ′ (x) = 8x3 – 3x2 – 7

f ′ (1) = 8(1)3 – 3(1)2 – 7 = –2

f ′′ (x) = 24x2 – 6x

f ′′ (1) = 24(1)2 – 6(1) = 18

b f ′ (x) < 0

decreasing at (1, 3)

f ′ (x) > 0

concave up at (1, 3)

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 15

Question 36

a P = 8x + 4y = 4

4y = 4 – 8x

y = 1 – 2x

A = 3x2 + y2

= 3x2 + (1 – 2x)2

= 3x2 + 1 – 4x + 4x2

= 7x2 – 4x + 1

b A = 7x2 – 4x + 1

A ′ = 14x – 4

0 = 14x – 4

14x = 4

2
x= , one side of rectangle
7

2 6
3 x =3 × = , other side of rectangle
7 7

2 6
Rectangle is × .
7 7

y = 1− 2 x
2 3
y= 1− 2   =
7 7

3
Side length of square =
7

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 16

 Question 37

f (x) = x2
2
1 
f ( x=) 3  ( x + 4 )  + 5
2 

+5 translation up

+4 units to left

0.5 stretched horizontally 2

3 stretched vertically 3

Question 38

f ′ ( x=) 4 x − 3
f ( x ) = 2 x 2 − 3x + C
−3 2 ( 2 ) − 3 ( 2 ) + C
=
2

−3 = 8 − 6 + C
−3 = 2 + C
C = −5
f ( x ) = 2 x 2 − 3x − 5
f ( −1) = 2 ( −1) − 3 ( −1) − 5
2

f ( −1) =
0

Question 39

d
dx
(x sin −1 x + 1 − x 2 )
 1  2x 1
 − (1 − x 2 ) 2
−
= sin −1 x + x 
 1− x2  2
 
x x
=sin −1 x + −
1− x2 1− x2
= sin −1 x

∫ ( sin x − sin x ) dx
−1

= x sin −1 x + 1 − x 2 + cos x + C

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 17

 Question 40
y = sec x
y 2 = ( sec x )
2

y 2 = sec 2 x
π
π ∫π3 sec 2 x dx
4
π
= π [ tan x ] 3
π
4

 π  π 
=
π  tan  −  tan  
 3  4 
=
π 3 −1 ( )

Question 41

∫ ( 2 x +1) dx
3

0
3
=  x 2 + x 
0

= ( 3 ) + ( 3 )  − ( 0 ) + ( 0 ) 
2 2
   
=12

Question 42

dx5
∫1x2
1 1 1 1 1
= 1 + + 2 × + 2 × + 2 × 
2  25 4 9 16 
= 0.944

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 18

Question 43

a y = (x – 2)3

y ′ = 3(x – 2)2

y ′′ = 6(x – 2)

0 = 6x – 12

6x = 12

x=2

x 1 2 3

y ′′ (x) –6 0 6

Concave down to concave up, point of inflection

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 19

 Question 44
π
∫0
cos 2 x + sec 2 x dx
π
1 1 
=
 2 x + 4 sin 2 x + tan x 
0

1 1  1 1 
=  × π + sin 2π + tan π  −  × 0 + sin 2 × 0 + tan 0 
2 4  2 4 
π
=
2

Question 45
1
3
∫0
4
1+ x2
dx
1
= 3 tan −1 x  4
0

 1
=  3 tan −1  − ( 3 tan −1 0 )
 4
= 0.73

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 20

Question 46

d2 = (230 – 65t)2 + (125 – 80t)2

= 52 900 – 29 900t + 4225t2 + 15 625 – 20 000t + 6400t2

= 10 625t2 – 49 900t + 68 525

b The minimum value of d will occur at the same value of t as the minimum value of d2,
so we can differentiate d2 instead.

d2 = 10 625t2 – 49 900t + 68 525

d 2
dt
( d ) = 21 250t – 49 900
0 = 21 250t – 49 900

49 900 = 21 250t

t = 2.348 24… ≈ 2.3 h

d ( 2.3)= 10 625 ( 2.3) − 49900 ( 2.3) + 68525

2

= 99.8 km

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 21

Question 47

1
factor = −
2
10 −1
 1
=
x10 100  − 
 2
25
x10 = −
128

1
factor = −
2
 1 − ( −0.5 )10 
100  
 1 − ( −0.5 ) 
 
77
= 66
128

1
factor = −
2
 1 
100  
 1 − ( −0.5 ) 
2
= 66
3

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 22

Question 48

=
y x2 −1
x 2= y + 1
=
x y +1
1
( y + 1) 2 dy
2
∫1
2
2 3

=  ( y + 1) 2 
3 1
 2 3
 2 3

=  ([ 2] + 1) 2  −  ([1] + 1) 2  
 3  3 
=1.58 units 2

=
y x2 −1
x 2= y + 1

( y + 1) dy
2
π∫
1
2
 y2 
=  + y
2 1
 ( 2 ) 2   (1)2 
= π  + ( 2)  −  + 1 
 2   2
 


5π
= units 2
2

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 23

Question 49

d  x 
 
dx  cos −1 x 
 1 
cos −1 x − x  − 
 1− x2 
=  
( cos−1 x )
2

1 − x 2 cos −1 x x
+
1− x 2
1− x2
=
( cos x )−1 2

1 − x 2 cos −1 x + x
=
1 − x 2 ( cos −1 x )
2

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 24

 Question 50

x2 + y 2 =
302
=
y 2 900 − x 2
=y 900 − x 2
A = xy
=A x 900 − x 2
1 1
A′
= 900 − x 2 + x × − 2 x ×
2 900 − x 2
x2
A=′ 900 − x 2 −
900 − x 2
x2
0= 900 − x 2 −
900 − x 2
900 − x 2 − x 2
0=
900 − x 2
=
0 900 − 2 x 2
2 x 2 = 900
x 2 = 450
x = 450
=y 900 − x 2

( )
2
=y 900 − 450

y = 450
A = xy
=A 450 × 450
A = 450 cm 2

Question 51

∫ ( 3x + 5)
7

1 ( 3x + 5)
8

= × +C
3 8
( 3x + 5)
8

= +C
24

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 25

 Question 52

3 dx
∫1 x
= [ ln x ]1
3

= ln 3 − ln1
=1.099

Question 53

y = tan −1 x
 1 
y = tan −1  
 3
π
y=
6
1
y′ =
1+ x2
 1  1 3
y′ 
=  = 2
 3  1  4
1+  
 3
y − y1= m ( x − x1 )
π 3 1 
y− = x− 
6 4 3 
π 3 3
y− = x−
6 4 4 3
9
12 y − 2π= 9 x −
3
9 x −12 y + 2π − 3 3 =0

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 26

 Question 54

f (x) = x4 – 2x2 + 3

f ′ (x) = 4x3 – 4x

f ′′ (x) = 12x2 – 4

0 = 4x3 – 4x

0 = 4x(x2 – 1)

0 = x(x – 1)(x + 1)

x = –1, 0, 1

(1)

f (–1) = (–1)4 – 2(–1)2 + 3 = 2

f ′′ (–1) = 12(–1)2 – 4 = 8, (–1, 2) min

(2)

f (0) = (0)4 – 2(0)2 + 3 = 3

f ′′ (0) = 12(0)2 – 4 = –4, (0, 3) max

(3)

f (1) = (1)4 – 2(1)2 + 3 = 2

f ′′ (1) = 12(1)2 – 4 = 8, (1, 2) min

Question 55
2
∫1
5 x −1 dx
2
1 2 3

=×
 5 3 ( 5 x − 1) 2

1

2 3
 2 3

=  ( 5 [ 2] −1) 2  −  ( 5 [1] −1) 2 
15  15 
54 16
= −
15 15
8
=2
15

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 27

 Question 56

= ( x −1)
2
y
y=4
4= ( x −1)
2

±2 = x −1
x = − 1, 3
4 − ( x − 1)
3
∫
2
−1
3
 ( x − 1) 
3

= 4 x − 
 3 
−1

 ( 3) − 1  
3
( −1) − 1  
3

=  4 ( 3 ) −  −  4 ( −1) − 
 3   3 
   
2
= 10 units 2
3

Question 57

f ′′ ( x=) 2 x − 4
f ′ ( x ) = x2 − 4x + C
0 =( −1) − 4 ( −1) + C
2

0 =1 + 4 + C
C = −5
f ′ ( x ) = x2 − 4x − s
x3
f ( x) = − 2 x2 − 5x + C
3
( −1)
3

= − 2 ( −1) − 5 ( −1) + C
2
2
3
1
2 =− − 2 + 5 + C
3
2
C= −
3
x3 2
f ( x ) = − 2 x2 − 5x −
3 3
( 2)
3
2
f ( 2) = − 2 ( 2) − 5 ( 2) − =− 16
2

3 3

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 28

 Question 58

x2 =
− x2 + 2x + 4
2x2 − 2x − 4 =0
x2 − x − 2 =0
( x + 1)( x − 2 )
0=
x = − 1, 2
2
∫−1
− x2 + 2 x + 4 − x2
2
= ∫ −2 x 2 + 2 x + 4
−1
2
 −2 x 3 
=  + x2 + x
 3  −1
 −2 ( 2 )3   −2 ( −1)3 
=  + ( 2) + 4 ( 2)  −  + ( −1) + 4 ( −1)  
2 2

 3  
  3 

= 9 units 2

Question 59

d
dx
( x 3 + e 2 x ) =3 x 2 + 2 e 2 x

Question 60

a R = –20

V = –20t + C

8000 = –20(0) + C

C = 8000

V = –20t + 8000

V(5) = –20(5) + 8000 = 7900 L

b V = –20t + 8000

0 = –20t + 8000

20t = 8000

t = 400 minutes

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 29

 Question 61
3
∫
2
+1
3x e x dx
0

u =+x 2 1, du =2 x dx
3 3
= ∫ eu du
2 0
3 3
= eu 
2 0

3
(
=  e 3 +1 − e 0 +1 
2
2 2

 ) ( )
= ( e10 − e1 )
3
2
= e ( e9 − 1)
3
2

Question 62

v = 12t2 + 4t + 80

x = 4t3 + 2t2 + 80t + C

3 = 4(0)3 + 2(0)2 + 80(0) + C

C=3

x = 4t3 + 2t2 + 80t + 3

x(5) = 4(5)3 + 2(5)2 + 80(5) + 3 = 953 m

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 30

 Question 63

f ′′ (x) = 6x – 8

f ′ (x) = 3x2 – 8x + C

0 = 3(3)2 – 8(3) + C

0 = 27 – 24 + C

C = –3

f ′ (x) = 3x2 – 8x – 3

f (x) = x3 – 4x2 – 3x + C

2 = (3)3 – 4(3)2 – 3(3) + C

2 = 27 – 36 – 9 + C

C = 20

f (x) = x3 – 4x2 – 3x + 20

Question 64

d
ln ( 4 x + 3)
3

dx
d
= 3 ln ( 4 x + 3)
dx
4
= 3×
4x + 3
12
=
4x + 3

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 31

 Question 65

∫ 3x x3 − 5
2

u =−
x3 5, du =
3 x 2 dx
1

∫ u 2 du
3
u2
= +C
3
2

(x − 5)
3 3
2
= +C
3

Question 66

∫ 2x e
x2 − 3
dx
u =−
x 2 3, du =
2 x dx

∫e
u
du
= eu + C
−3
= ex +C
2

Question 67

2 x +1
∫ 3x 2
+ 3x − 2
dx

u = 3 x 2 + 3 x − 2, du = ( 6 x + 3) dx
1 du
3∫ u
1
= ln u + C
3
= ( 3x 2 + 3x − 2 ) + C
1
3

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 32

Question 68

d x
dx e 2 x
e2 x − 2 x e2 x
=
( e2 x )
2

e2 x − 2 x e2 x
=
e4 x
1− 2 x
= 2x
e

d
log 3 x
dx
d ln x
=
dx ln 3
1 1
= ×
ln 3 x
1
=
x ln 3

Question 69

y = ex + 1

y(–1) = e–1 + 1 = 1

y ′ = ex + 1

y ′(–1) = e–1 + 1 = 1

y – y1 = m(x – x1)

y – 1 = 1(x – –1)

y–1=x+1

x–y+2=0

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 33

 Question 70

y = x e2 x
y′ e 2 x + 2 x e 2 x
=
y′′ =2e 2 x + 2 e 2 x + 4 x e 2 x
=
0 e2 x + 2 x e2 x
=0 e 2 x (1 + 2 x )
2x = −1
1
x= −
2
 1 1 2×− 12
y− = − e
 2 2
 1 1
y− =−
 2 2e
 1  1  1
 1 2 −  2 − 
 1  2 − 
y′′  − = 2e
 2
+ 2e  2 + 4 − e  2
 2  2
 1
y′′  −  =0.73
 2
min
1 1
(− , )
2 2e

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 34

 Question 71
3
∫2
4 x x 2 − 3 dx
u=
x 2 − 3, du =
2 x dx
1
3
2 ∫ u du 2
2
3
 3
u2 
=2 
3
 
 2 2
3
 3

 ( − )
2
4 x 3 
2
= 
3
 
 2
    
( ) ( )
3 3

  4 [3] − 3   4 [ 2] − 3 
2 2

2 2

=  −  
 3   3  
 
    
4 216 4
= −
3 3
4× 6 6 4
= −
3 3

=
(
4 6 6 −1 )
3

Question 72

f ′ ( x ) = − 6sin 3 x
1
f ( x ) = − 6 × − cos 3 x + C
3
f ( x ) 2 cos 3 x + C
=
=1 2 cos 3π + C
1=− 2+C
C =3
f ( x ) 2 cos 3 x + 3
=

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 35

Question 73
π

∫0
2
sin 2 x dx
π
 cos 2 x  2
= −
 2  0
 π 
 cos 2 × 2   cos 2 × 0  
=  − −− 
 2   2 
  
=1

Question 74

d
ln ( sin x )
dx
1
= × cos x
sin x
cos x
=
sin x
= cot x

b d
dx
( e5 x + 1) 5 e5 x sec2 ( e5 x + 1)
tan=

Question 75

y = tan x
π

∫0
4
tan x dx
1
A = bh
2
1  π  π 
A=  − 0   tan − tan 0 
2 4  4 
A = 0.393

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 36

Question 76

y= 4 − x 2
0= 4 − x 2
x2 = 4
x= ±2
2
∫−2
4 − x2

{
= 2 × [4 − ( −1) ] × ( 0 − [ −1])
2
}
= 6 units 2

y= 4 − x 2
0= 4 − x 2
x2 = 4
x= ±2
2
∫−2
4 − x2

 {
= 2 ×  4 − ( −1)  × ( −1 − [ −2] ) +  4 − ( 0 )  × ( 0 − [ −1])
2
 
2
 }
=14 units 2

Question 77

y = cos x

( )
2
y2 = cos x
y 2 = cos x
π
π ∫ 3 cos x dx
0
π
= π [sin x ]03
 π 
=
π sin − sin 0 
 3 
3π
= units3
2

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 37

 Question 78

d x
dx
( e sin x )
= e x cos x + e x sin x
= e x ( cos x + sin x )

d
dx
( tan 3 x )

= ( tan x )
3

= sec 2 x ( tan x )
3 −1
×3
= 3sec 2 x tan 2 x

d   π 
 2 cos  3 x −  
dx   2 
 π
=
− 2sin  3 x −  × 3
 2
 π
=
− 6sin  3 x − 
 2

Question 79

y = tan 3 x
π π
y   = tan 3   = − 1
4 4
y′ = 3sec 3 x
2

π 2 π
y′   3sec
= = 3  6
4 4
y − y1= m ( x − x1 )
 π
y −=−1 6  x − 
 4
3π
y + 1= 6 x −
2
2 y + 2= 12 x − 3π
12 x − 2 y − 2 − 3π =0

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 38

 Question 80

sin 3 ( e x ) 
d
dx  
= 3sin 2 ( e x ) × cos ( e x ) × ( e x )
= 3e x sin 2 ( e x ) cos ( e x )

d
tan ( ln x + 1)
dx
1
= sec 2 ( ln x + 1) ×
x
sec 2 ( ln x + 1)
=
x

Question 81

=y ln ( x + 4 )
e y= x + 4
=
x ey − 4

∫ (e − 4 ) dy
1
y
0
1
= e y − 4 y 
0

= | e1 − 4 (1)  − e0 − 4 ( 0 )  |

= | e−5 |
= 5 − e units 2

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 39

 Question 82

1 3x
a ∫= e +C
3x
e
3

1
b ∫ sec =
πx tan πx + C
2

1 1 1 1
c ∫=
2x 2∫x 2
= ln x + C

x x
d ∫=
cos  
5
5sin   + C
5

1
e − cos ( 8 x ) + C
∫ sin 8 x =8

Question 83

y = sin x
y 2 = ( sin x )
2

π
π ∫ ( sin x ) dx
2
0

π 1
( 1 − cos 2 x ) dx
2 ∫0
=
π
π 1 
=  x − sin 2 x 
2 2 0
π  1   1 
=   π − sin 2π  −  0 − sin 2 × 0  
2  2   2 
π2
= units3
2

Question 84

3x 2 − 2 x + 5
∫ x 2 dx
2 5
= ∫ 3 − + 2 dx
x x
5
= 3 x − 2 ln x − + C
x

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 40

 Question 85

∫e − sin πx
5x

e5 x 1
= + cos πx + C
5 π

Question 86

y = ex
2
∫0
e x dx
2
= e x 
0

= (e ) − (e )
2 0

= ( e −1) units
2 2

Question 87

π x 
∫ π
3
cos  + π  dx
2 
π
 x 
=  2sin  + π  
 2  π
3

 π 
 π    
=  2sin  + π   −  2sin  3 + π  
 2   2 
   
= −1

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 41

 Question 88

f ′ ( x ) = x 2 sec 2 ( x3 )

∫x
2
sec 2 ( x3 )
=u x= 3
, du 3 x 2 dx
1
3 ∫ du sec 2 u

1
= tan u + C
3
1
= tan x3 + C
3
1
= tan ( 0 ) + C
3
0
3
C =0
1
f ( x ) = tan x3
3
1
f (1) =
= tan (1) 0.519
3

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 42

Question 89

 π
∫ x sin  x −  dx
2

2
π
u= x 2 − , du = 2 x dx
2
1
sin ( u ) du
2∫
1
= − cos ( u ) + C
2
1  π
= − cos  x 2 −  + C
2  2

1  π
y= − cos  x 2 −  + C
2  2
1  2 π
0= − cos  ( 0 ) −  + C
2  2
C =0
1  π
y= − cos  x 2 − 
2  2
1 1  π
= − cos  x 2 − 
2 2  2
 π
=−1 cos  x 2 − 
 2
π
cos −1 ( −1) = x 2 −
2
π
π= x 2 −
2
3π
x2 =
2
3π
x=
2

© Cengage Learning Australia 2019 43