In Class problem sheet number: 5; Thursday, January 19 2016;

ge of 18 44. The figure f, f #f ,000 .f Identify

$, and feach
%. Identify
1. The figure below showsshows
graphsgraphs
of f , f 0 , of
f 00 , and each
curve, and explain your
nsus choices. curve, and explain your choices.
7909_02_ch02_p160-169
1/10 9:44 AM Page 1649/21/10 9:44 AM Page 164
a b c d
97909_02_ch02_p160-169.qk:97909_02_ch02_p160-169 9/21/10 y 9:44 AM Page 164

S AND DERIVATIVES
164 CHAPTER 2 LIMITS AND DERIVATIVES
e U!t" varies43.with
ate Thetime.
figureThe tablethe graphs of43.f , The
shows figure
f #, and f $.shows
Identify graphs of f , f #, and f $. Identify each
theeach
Labor
age of Statistics) gives
curve, the
and percentage
explain of
your choices. curve, and
35. The unemployment rate U!t" varies with time. The table explain your choices.
43. The figure shows the graphs of f , f #, and f $. Identify each
x
S labor force from 1999thetoBureau
(from 2008. of Labor Statistics) gives the percentage of curve, and explain your choices.
y y
a to 2008.
unemployed in the US labor force from 1999 a
U!t" t U!t" y
a
t U!t" t U!t"
4.2 2004 5.5 b b
4.0 2005 5.1 1999 4.2 2004 5.5 b
4.7 2006 4.6 2000 4.0 2005 5.1
2001 4.7 4.6 x
x
alues 5.8 2007 4.6 c 2006 c x
6.0 2008 5.8 2002 5.8 2007 4.6 c
2003 6.0 2008 5.8
ing of U#!t"? What are its units?
(a) What is the meaning of U#!t"? What are its units?
of estimated values for U#!t".
umbers
ntage Solution
of 18 of Americans under
45.
(b) Construct aThe
table offigure
1:the age of
estimatedshows
18 of f, 44.
the. graphs of three functions. One is the
values for U#!t"
44.
36. The figure
Let P!t" be shows graphs
the percentage f #, The
of Americans f $, and
underf %the
figure shows
. Identify eachof f, f #, f $, and f %. Identify each
age graphs
of 18 44. The figure shows graphs of f, f #, f $, and f %. Identify each
ives values of thiscurve,
sus function
at time and
in
t. The position
census
explain
table your values
gives function
choices. curve,
of this ofexplain
and
function inacensus
car,
yourone is
choices. the velocity of the car, and
curve, and explain your choices.
000. years from 1950 one is yits acceleration.
to 2000.
a b c d Identify
y
aeach
b c d curve, and explain a b c d
your
y
P!t" t P!t" choices.
t P!t" t P!t"
31.1 1980 28.0
y 1990
1950 31.1 1980 28.0

a
35.7 1990 25.7 1960 35.7 25.7
34.0 2000 25.7 1970 34.0 2000 25.7
x3 x2 x4 x5
x1 x x0 x x0 x6 x
4ing of P#!t"x? What(a) What
are is the meaning of P#!t"? What are its units?
its units? b c
of estimated values for P#!t". a table of estimated values for P#!t".
(b) Construct
(c) Graph P and P#.
ues (d) How
possible to get more would
accurate it be possible to get more accurate values
values
for P#!t"?

mbers 45. The 37– 40 The graph of f is given. State, with reasons, the numbers
figurethe
shows the graphs of45.three functions. Onetheis the
0 t
45. The figure shows the graphs of three functions. One is the
given. State, with
ntiable.
dathas reasons,
whichhorizontal
numbers
tangents atThe
f is not differentiable.
position function of a car, one is the
figure shows
xvelocity
1 and
position
x i.e.,
of 2the of
function
graphs
car,a and
0 ( x of
dcar, one
three functions.
1 ) is=the0 velocity dof
andfunction
position
One is the
0 (x )car,
2of
the
= 0.one
a car,
and
Observe c( xof1 )the=car,
is the velocity 0 and
and
( xone
c37. ) = 0 but a ( x ) 6 = 0 and a ( x ) 6 = 0 similarly b ( xone
) is
6 =its0acceleration.
and b ( x Identify
) 6 = each
0. curve, and explain your
2 is its acceleration.
y 38.
1 Identify each ycurve,
one 2 and
is its explain your
acceleration. Identify each 1 curve, and explain 2your
38. ychoices. 0 choices.
=⇒ c = d —— ( i ) choices.
y
y y a
a 0 a
0_2 2 0 2 x b
4 tangent at x and positive tangent x
xx c has horizontal tangent b
at x0 , negative 3 at cx4
2 2 4 0 x c b c
2 x i.e., c ( x0 ) = 0, c ( x3 ) < 0 and c ( x4 ) > 0. Observe b( x0 ) = 0, b( x3 ) < 0 and b( x4 ) > 0.
0 0

=⇒
39.
b =46.
c0 The
—— (figure
ii )40. shows the graphs of four functions.
0 One is the t

position function yof0 a tcar, one is the velocity

y0 t
40. y
of the car, one
b has horizontal tangent
is its at x0 , negative
acceleration, and one tangent
is its x5 andIdentify
at jerk. positive eachtangent at x6 and
curve,
0 0
x0 ) 0= 0, b (4x5x) < 0 and
i.e., b (_2 0
b ( x06 ) >2 0. Observe a( x0 ) = 0, a( x5 ) < 0 and a( x6 ) > 0.
_2 x
0 explain your choices. 46. The figure shows the graphs of four functions. One is the
4 x
_2=⇒ a =0b —— (x iii )
2
tedly, 46. The figure shows the graphs of46.four The functions. One is
figure shows thethe
graphs of four position function of a car, one is the velocity of the car, one
functions. One is the
position function of a car, one y is the velocity
position of the of
function car,a one is its acceleration, and one is its jerk. Identify each curve, and
car,0 one is the00velocity of000the car, one
gin. From is its(i), (ii) andand
acceleration, (iii)
onewe
is itscan
Graph the function f !x" ! x " s$ xis
say
jerk.its d =each
Identify
acceleration, = one
f , curve,
cand fand, isb its explain
=jerk. a= yourf choices.
f ,Identify . curve, and
each
; 41. explain $ . Zoom in repeatedly,
d
first toward the point (!1, 0) and then toward a
your choices. y
ity of
!x" ! x " s$ x $ . What
dly, Zoomisindifferent
repeatedly,
explain your choices.
the origin.
d
y
b c a
about the behavior of f in the y vicinity of
fferen-
n.
(!1, 0) and thenthese
towardtwothe origin.
points? What do you conclude aboutdthe differen- b c
aof d
yutofthe behavior oftiability
f in theof vicinity
f? a
eren-
hat do you conclude about the differen- b c b c
; 42. Zoom in toward the points (1, 0), (0, 1), and (!1, 0) on 0 t
graph of the function t!x" ! !x ! 1" . What do you 2 2#3
1
on (1, 0), (0, 1),the
npoints and (!1,
notice? 0) on
Account
0
t.
0 in terms of 0the differen-
for what you see
t t t
o you
you
tion t!x" ! !x ! 1" 2
tiability
. of
What do 2#3
you
en- you see in termsCopyright
what of the 2010differen-
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2. Calculate the following derivatives using the limit definition of the derivative.

i.) For f ( x ) := x2 − 3x, calculate f 0 (1).

ii.) For g( x ) := 1x , calculate g0 ( x ).

Solution 2:

i.)

f ( x ) − f (1) x2 − 3x − (12 − 3 · 1) x2 − 3x + 2
f 0 (1) = lim = lim = lim =
x →1 x−1 x →1 x−1 x →1 x−1
( x − 1)( x − 2)
lim = lim x − 2 = 1 − 2 = −1.
x →1 x−1 x →1

ii.)
1
0 g( x + h) − g( x ) x+h − 1x
g ( x ) = lim = lim .
h →0 h h →0 h
1 1
Simplifying the numerator x+h − x by finding the common denominator, we obtain:

1 1 x − ( x + h) −h
− = = .
x+h x x ( x + h) x ( x + h)

Hence
1 1 −h
0 x+h − x x ( x +h) −1 1
g ( x ) = lim = lim = lim = − 2.
h →0 h h →0 h h →0 x ( x + h ) x

3. Find the derivative of the function using the definition of derivative. State the domain of
the function and the domain of its derivative.
√
f (x) = 9−x
Solution 3:

p √
f ( x + h ) − f ( x ) 9 − ( x + h ) − 9−x
f 0 ( x ) = lim = lim
h →0 h h →0 h
p √ p √
9 − ( x + h) − 9 − x 9 − ( x + h) + 9 − x (9
− (
x + h)) − (9
− 

x)
= lim p √ = lim p √
h →0 h 9 − ( x + h) + 9 − x h →0 h ( 9 − ( x + h ) + 9 − x )

−h
−1
= lim p √ = √ √

( 9 − ( x + h) + 9 − x )
h →0 h ( 9 − x + 9 − x)
−1
=⇒ f 0 ( x ) = √
2 9−x

Domain of f ( x ) is { x | x ≤ 9} = (−∞, 9].

Domain of f 0 ( x ) is { x | x < 9} = (−∞, 9).