EMERGENT CARDIAC SURGERY DURING TRANSCATHETER

AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION (TAVI)

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become an established treatment for patients
with symptomatic aortic valve disease deemed inoperable or at high risk for conventional surgical
aortic valve replacement (AVR)1,2. Although being a less invasive catheter-based procedure, TAVI
carries the potential risk of some complications that may ultimately require emergent cardiac
surgery (ECS). Thus, TAVI procedures have been recommended to be performed with immediate
cardiopulmonary bypass and surgical backup available as standby for safety reasons3 . However,
the true incidence, reasons, and outcomes of patients requiring emergent cardiac surgery (ECS) in
large number of those undergoing TAVI remain unknown as this information has not been
consistently reported in published TAVI studies. The aim of the current meta-analysis was to review
all current published literature to study the reported incidence, reasons, and outcomes of ECS in
patients undergoing TAVI.

1. What is TAVI in the medical context?

a) A conventional surgical technique.
b) A less invasive catheter-based procedure.
c) Serious heart disease.
d) A type of aortic valve.
2. For what types of patients has transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) become an
established treatment?
a) Patients with lung diseases
b) Patients with mild heart disease
c) Patients with symptomatic aortic valve considered inoperable or at high risk for conventional
surgery
d) Patients with chronic kidney disease
3. Which of the following statements about TAVI is correct? (You can select more than one
answer)
a) It is an established treatment for patients with aortic disease.
b) It is a catheter-based procedure.
c) It does not carry any potential risk.
d) May require emergency cardiac surgery in some cases.
e) Requires general anesthesia in all cases.
4. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is used as a treatment for:
a) Patients with lung disease.
b) Patients with symptomatic aortic valve.
c) Patients with type 2 diabetes.
d) Patients with chronic kidney disease.
5. What is the purpose of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI)?
a) Treat coronary diseases.
b) Replace the pulmonary valve.
c) Offer a less invasive option for patients with symptomatic aortic valve.
d) Provide an alternative to conventional aortic valve replacement surgery