Permutation & Combination: N J, Gi GVB KZ?

1
15. PnC & Probability
Permutation & Combination
Permutation Combination
nP0 = 1 nC0 = 1
nP1 = n nC1 = n
nPn = n! nCn = 1
nPr = nCr = nC(n-r) = [0 ≤ r ≤ n]
n
C12 = nC6 n‡j, n Gi gvb KZ? (39 BCS)
1. 12+6 = 18
(K) 12 (L) 14 (M) 16 (N) 18
If 7Pr = 210, find r = ? 210 = 7×6×5 [3 terms]

2.
So, r = 3
(A) 3 (B) 5 (C) 4 (D) 6
4-x
P2 = 6 n‡j, x Gi gvb wbY©q Ki ? (4-x)(4-x-1) = 3*2
3. => 4-x = 3
(K) 1 (L) 4 (M) 5 (N) 6 => x = 1
n
Cr + nCr-1 Gi mwVK gvb ‡KvbwU ?
n+1
4. L) Cr
n n+1 n+1 n+1
(K) Cr+1 (L) Cr (M) Cr+1 (N) Cr-1
n
5. C0 + nC1 + nC2 + . . . . . nCn = ? 2n
n
C1 + nC2 + nC3 + . . . . . nCn = ? [5 Banks–(Officer) – 2018 (AF)]
6. D) 2n - 1
n n-1 n
(A) 2 (B) 2 (C) (D) 2 - 1
1 2 3 4 5
7.
How many 3-digit numbers can be formed? (i) Repetition not allowed (ii) Repetition
allowed
How many 3-digit odd numbers can be formed? (i) Repetition not allowed (ii)
8.
Repetition allowed
9.
allowed
How many 3-digit numbers greater than 200 can be formed? (i) Repetition not
10.
allowed (ii) Repetition allowed
Upgrade yourself; it saves a lot of extra effort

2
11. How many 3-digit odd numbers greater than 200 can be formed? (i) Repetition not
allowed (ii) Repetition allowed
0 1 2 3 4 5
12.
allowed
How many 3-digit even numbers can be formed? (i) Repetition not allowed (ii)
13.
Repetition allowed
Using 1, 2, 3 and 4 how many 4-digit numbers can be formed such that at least 1
14.
digit is repeated?
How many 3-digit numbers can be formed from the digits 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 9, which
15. are divisible by 5 and none of the digits is repeated?
(A) 5 (B) 10 (C) 15 (D) 20 (E) 25
How many five digit numbers can be formed using digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 which are
16. divisible by 3, without any of the digits repeating?
(A) 15 (B) 96 (C) 120 (D) 181 (E) 216
How many five-digit numbers can be formed using the digit 2, 3, 8, 7, 5 exactly once
17. such that the numbers is divisible by 125?
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) None
How many positive integers less than 500 can be formed using the numbers 1, 2, 3
18. and 5 for the digits? [SBL-SO-ADA – 2020, CTI] 4 + 4×4 + 3×4×4
= 4 + 16 + 48 = 68
(A) 48 (B) 52 (C) 66 (D) 68 (E) 84
The number of natural numbers less than 7000 which can be formed by using the
digits 0, 1, 3, 7, 9 is equal to – 4 + 4×5 + 4×5×5 + 2×5×5×5
19.
= 374
(A) 250 (B) 372 (C) 374 (D) 375 (E) None of these
All possible 3-digit No's.

How many 3 digit integers can be chosen such that none of the digits appear more
(excluding 0) = 9×9×9 = 729
20. than twice, none of the digits equal 0? (BKB - Officer: 2017) No's. where all the 3-digits are
alike = 9 [111, 222, ..., 999];
(A) 756 (B) 729 (C) 720 (D) 504 Required No. => 729 - 9 = 720
All possible 3-digit numbers =
999-700 = 299
Of the three digit integers greater than 700, how many have two digits that are equal
No's. where all the 3-digits are
21. to each other and the remaining digit different from the other two? distinct = 3×9×8 = 216
No's. where all the 3-digit are
(A) 90 (B) 82 (C) 80 (D) 45 (E) 36 alike = 3 [777, 888, 999]
Req. No. => 299-216-3 = 80
A credit card number has 5 digits (between 1 and 9 only). The first two digits are 1
and 2 in that order, the third digit is greater than 6, the fourth is divisible by 3 and
the fifth digit is a prime number. How many different credit card numbers can be
22. formed under the given conditions?
(A) 27 (B) 36 (C) 45 (D) 72 (E) 112

3
EDUCATION
23.
How many words can be formed by re-arranging the letters of the word?
How many words can be formed by re-arranging the letters of the word when ‘E’ is
24.
the first letter?
How many words can be formed by re-arranging the letters of the word when ‘E’
25.
should be the first and ‘N’ should be the last letter?
26. A and T should be together
27. A and T should never be together
28. C, A and T are together
29. CAT is clearly visible
30. How many words can be formed where all the vowels are together?
31. How many words can be formed where all the consonant are together?
How many words can be formed where all the vowels and all the consonants are
32.
together?
33. How many words can be formed where no two vowels are together?
34. How many words can be formed that start with vowels?
35. How many words can be formed that ends with consonant?
36. How many words can be formed that start with vowels and ends with consonant?
37. How many words can be formed where vowels are in odd position?
In how many ways can the letters of the word ‘LEADER’ be arranged?
38. (Rupali Bank-2013)
(A) 72 (B) 144 (C) 360 (D) 720
How many words can be formed by re-arranging the letters of the word
39.
MANAGEMENT?
40. MATHEMATICS kãwUi A¶i¸wj Øviv KZ fv‡e web¨vm Kiv m¤¢e wbY©q Kiæb| 11!/(2! ×2! ×2!) = 4989600
(38 BCS, written)
How many different six-digit numbers can be formed using all of the following
41. digits: 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5? [BB-AD – 2012] 6!/(2!3!) = 720/12 = 60
(A) 25 (B) 40 (C) 50 (D) 60
CALCUTTA kãwUi eY©¸‡jv‡K GK‡Î wb‡q web¨vm msL¨v AMERICA kãwUi eY©¸‡jv GK‡Î
42. wb‡q web¨vm msL¨vi KZ ¸Y ? (35 BCS) [8!/(2!×2!×2!)]/[7!/2!] = 8/4
=2
(K) 2 (L) 3 (M) 4 (N) 5

4
In how many ways can the letters of the word ‘ARRANGE’ be arranged in which the
43. two R’s and two A’s come together? [BB-AD – 2011] [Ans. C]
(A) 75 (B) 95 (C) 120 (D) 150 (E) 360
COURAGE kãwUi eY©¸‡jv wb‡q KZ¸‡jv web¨vm msL¨v wbY©q Kiv hvq, ‡hb c«‡Z¨K web¨v‡mi
44.
c«_‡g GKwU ¯îeY© (VOWEL) _v‡K? [36 BCS, written]
(8!/2!*2!)*(4!/2!)
In how many different ways can the letters of the word 'MATHEMATICS' be
45. = (8!*4!/2!*2!*2!) = 7!*4!
arranged so that the vowels always come together?
= 5040*24 = 120960
In how many different ways can the letters of the word 'MACHINE' be arranged in
46. such a way that the vowels occupy only the odd positions?
(A) 144 (B) 210 (C) 576 (D) 1728 (E) 3456
47. e¨ÄbeY©¸‡jv‡K we‡Rvo Ae¯’v‡b ‡i‡L EQUATION kãwU‡K KZfv‡e mvRv‡bv hvq ?
How many different four-letter words can be formed (the words need not be
meaningful) using the letters of the word GREGARIOUS such that each word starts
48. with G and ends with R?
(A) 8P2 (B) (C) 8P4 (D) (E)
Four flower-vessels are to be arranged in a row from seven different colored vessels.
49. How many different arrangements are possible?
A menu offers 2 appetizers, 4 main courses, and 3 desserts. A dinner must contain an
appetizer, a main course, and a dessert. How many different combinations of dinner
50. can be made? 2×4×3 = 24
(A) 6 (B) 9 (C) 12 (D) 24
In a furniture store there are four kinds of beds, three kinds of side tables, two kinds
of lamps, and seven kinds of dressers. In how many ways can a person
51. decorate his bedroom with these items if he wants to select only one lamp, one bed, 2×4×(3+7) = 80
and one of the following: a side table or a dresser?
(A) 40 (B) 42 (C) 56 (D) 80 (E) 168
In how many different ways can 4 math, 3 English, 2 analytical books be arranged in
52. a row so that all books of the same branch are together?
(A) 1242 (B) 1484 (C) 1726 (D) 1728 (E) 1734
There are six different models who are to appear in a fashion show. Two are from
Europe, two are from Asia, and two are from North America. If all the models from
53. the same continent are to stand next to each other, how many ways can the fashion
show organizer arrange the models? [IBA-BBA – 2013-14]
(A) 8 (B) 24 (C) 48 (D) 64 (E) 72
In how many ways can 3 boys and 3 girls be arranged in a row such that boys and
54. girls alternate their positions (that is, boy-girl)?
(A) 36 (B) 72 (C) 144 (D) 560 (E) 720

5
At a car dealership, each of three cars must be parked in one of six adjacent parking
spaces, provided that there is exactly one empty parking space between any two
55. occupied spaces. How many ways can the three cars be arranged in the six spaces?
(A) 20 (B) 16 (C) 12 (D) 4 (E) 2
There are 5 doors in IBA hostel lounge. Two are red colored and the others are
green. In how many ways can a guy enter the room and leave the room from
56. different colored doors?
6 kids A, B, C, D, E & F are to be seated in a single row of 6 chairs. If B can’t sit next
to E, how many different arrangements of the 6 kids are possible?
In how many ways can A, B, C, D, E, F be seated if A and B cannot be seated next to 6! – 5!×2! = 720-240 = 480
57. each other?
In many ways can Ann, Bea, Cam, Don, Ella, and Fay be seated if Ann and Bea OR, 4! ×5P2 = 24*20 = 480
cannot be seated next to each other?
(A) 240 (B) 480 (C) 540 (D) 600 (E) 720
In many ways 5 students can be arranged such that 2 are never together?
58.
(A) 12 (B) 36 (C) 48 (D) 60 (E) 72
How many ways can 5 persons be seated around a circular table?

59.
(A) 5 (B) 24 (C) 25 (D) 30 (E) 120
In how many ways can 15 people be seated around two round tables with seating
capacity of 7 and 8 people? 15C8×7!×6! OR
60.
15C7×6!×7!
(A) 15!/8! (B) 7! ×8! (C) 15C8×8! (D) 15C8×6!×7!
In how many different ways is it possible to answer an 8-question true/false quiz?

61.
(A) 16 (B) 28 (C) 56 (D) 64 (E) 256
There are 10 true-false questions in an examination. These questions can be

62. answered in – [BB-Officer – 2019; Rupali – Officer – 2019 (AF)] [Ans. C, D]
20
(A) 20 ways (B) 100 ways (C) 2 ways (D) 1024 ways
An examinee has to answer 6 out of 12 questions. In how many ways 6 questions can
63. 5C4 × 7C2 = 5×21 = 105
be answered where 4 questions have to be selected from first 5?
Number of ways of choosing 6
from 10 = 10C6 = 210
A student is required to answer 6 out of 10 questions divided into two groups each Number of ways of attempting
more than 4 from a group,
containing 5 questions. He is not permitted to attempt more than 4 from each group. = 2 × 5C5 × 5C1 = 10
64. In how many ways can he make the choice? Required number of ways = 210
– 10 = 200
(A) 100 (B) 150 (C) 200 (D) 210
Or, (5C4*5C2)*2 + 5C3*5C3 =
5*10*2 + 10*10 = 200
In how many ways can 5 letters be posted in 3 post boxes, if any number of letters
65.
can be posted in all of the three post boxes?
3 5 5
(A) 5C3 (B) 5P3 (C) 5 (D) 3 (E) 2

6
6 diplomats, representing 6 different nations, meet for a peace conference. At the

outset, each diplomat shakes hands once with each other diplomat. How many
66. handshakes occur?
(A) 12 (B) 15 (C) 36 (D) 46 (E) 64
At the end of a banquet 10 people shake hands with each other. How many
67. handshakes will there be in total? [BB-Officer – 2018 (AF); BB-Officer – 2015]
(A) 100 (B) 90 (C) 45 (D) 20
There are 20 men and 12 women in a conference. All men and all women shake their
68. hands only among them. Find the maximum number of handshakes that has taken
place at the conference.
At a party, everyone shook hands with everybody else. If there were 66 handshakes,
how many people were at the party?
69. [Jamuna Bank-PO – 2014; SIBL – 2013; BB-AD - 2012]
There are 10 people in a room. If each person shakes hands with exactly 3 other
70. people, what is the total number of handshakes? 10×3/2 = 15
(A) 15 (B) 30 (C) 45 (D) 60 (E) 120
At a gathering of 30 people, there are 20 people who all know each other and 10
people who know no one. People who know each other hug, and people who do not
71. know each other shake hands. How many handshakes occur? 10C2 + 20×10 = 245
Selecting any number of objects from n distinct objects => 2n ways

Selecting at least one object from n distinct objects => (2n - 1) ways
Selecting at least one object from n identical objects => n ways
Selecting any number of objects from n identical objects => (n+1) ways [including
selecting none]
72. There are 5 bulbs in a room. In how many ways can the room be lighted? 25 – 1 = 31 ways
7 wU Avg, 5 wU ‡cqviv I 3 wU Av‡cj ‡_‡K Kgc‡¶ GKwU dj KZ Dcv‡q ‡bIqv hv‡e? (7+1)×(5+1)×(3+1) – 1
73.
Number of ways to purchase such that at least one fruit is bought – = 8×6×4 – 1 = 192 - 1 = 191
There are 4 oranges, 5 apples and 6 mangoes in a basket. In how many ways can a
person make a selection of fruits among the fruits in the basket? (4+1)(5+1)(6+1)−1
74.
= 5×6×7−1 = 209
(A) 209 (B) 210 (C) 220 (D) 256
7 wU Avg, 5 wU ‡cqviv I 3 wU Av‡cj ‡_‡K c«‡Z¨K c«Kvi d‡ji Kgc‡¶ GKwU K‡i dj KZ
75. Dcv‡q ‡bIqv hv‡e? 7×5×3 = 105
Number of ways to purchase such that at least one fruit from each type is bought –
3 wU ‡jey, 4 wU Kgjv I 2 wU Avg n‡Z c«‡Z¨K c«Kvi d‡ji Kgc‡¶ GKwU K‡i dj KZfv‡e
76. 3×4×2 = 24
evQvB Kiv hv‡e?

7
10 wU wRwb‡mi g‡a¨ 2 wU GK RvZxq Ges evKx¸‡jv wfbœ wfbœ wRwbm| H wRwbm¸‡jv †_‡K cÖwZev‡i
9C5 + 2C2×8C3
77. 5 wU wb‡q KZ cÖKv‡i evQvB Kiv hvq ? (37 BCS; 40 BCS-written) = 126 + 56 = 182
(K) 170 (L) 182 (M) 190 (N) 192
AMERICA kãwUi eY©¸‡jv ‡_‡K c«wZev‡i 3 wU wb‡q MwVZ wfbœ wfbœ kã msL¨v KZ?
There are 6 distinct letters: A-M-E-R-I-C.

One letter 'A' is represented twice.
78.
Selected 3 letters can have following 2 patterns:
1. abc – all 3 letters are different: 6P3 = 120
2. aab – 2 letters are same (i.e. a) and the other one is different: (2C2*5C1)*3!/2! = 120
Total => 120 + 15 = 135 (Ans.)
8C4 + 3C1×7C2 + 3C2

79. COMBINATION kãwU n‡Z 4 A¶i wewkó m¤¢ve¨ mgv‡ek wbY©q Kiæb| (38 BCS-written)
= 70 + 63 + 3 = 136
i. All different => 3! = 6
ii. 2 same, 1 diff. =>
80. 5, 5, 6, 6, 7, 7 msL¨v¸‡jv ‡_‡K 3 A‡¼i KZ¸‡jv msL¨v MVb Kiv hv‡e? 3C1×2C1×3!/2! = 3×2×6/2 =
18
Total = 6+18 = 24
GKRb ms‡KZKvi‡Ki 6wU cZvKv Av‡Q, hv‡ì g‡a¨ 1 wU mv`v, 2 wU meyR Ges 3 wU jvj| GK 6C5×5!/(2! ×3!)
81.
m‡½ 5 wU cZvKv eënvi K‡i KqwU wewfbœ ms‡KZ w`‡Z cvi‡e? = 6×5×4/2 = 60
GKwU ms‡KZ ‰Zwi Ki‡Z wZbwU cZvKvi c«‡qvRb| QwU wewfbœ i‡Oi c«‡Z¨KwUi 4 wU K‡i 24 wU 1. All different => 6P3 = 120
2. 2 same, 1 diff. => 3!/2! ×
cZvKv w`‡q KZK¸wj ms‡KZ ‡`qv ‡h‡Z cv‡i?
82. 5C1 × 6 (for 6 color) = 90
6C3×3! + 6C1×5C1×3!/2! + 6C1×3!/3! = 120 + 90 + 6 = 216 3. All same => 6×3!/3! = 6
120+90+6 = 216
Or, 6×6×6 = 216
6wU wfbœ i‡Oi cZvKvi GKwU ev GKvwaK GKev‡i wb‡q KZwU ms‡KZ ‡Ìqv hv‡e ? 6P1+6P2+6P3+6P4+6P5+6P6
83. = 6+30+120+360+720+720
(K) 1958 (L) 1956 (M) 64 (N) 16 = 1956
In how many ways can 5 books be selected from a bundle of 12 books if 2 particular
books are always included? 12 wU cy¯ÍK †_‡K 5 wU KZ c«Kv‡i evQvB Kiv hvq †hLv‡b 2wU
84. cy¯ÍK me©`vB AšÍf©~³ _vK‡e? (36 BCS) 10C3 = 10×9×8/6 = 120
(A) 792 (B) 252 (C) 224 (D) 120
In how many ways can 5 books be selected from a bundle of 11 books if 3 particular
85. books are always excluded?
(A) 48 (B) 56 (C) 240 (D) 462 (E) 6720
Nazia and Mashrifa are among 7 students from whom 4 students are to be selected at
random for a field trip organized by Professor Mamun. Of the different possible
86. selections, how many contain neither Nazia nor Mashrifa?
(A) 5 (B) 8 (C) 14 (D) 30 (E) 35
Auntu will be the leader of a drama team. In how many ways can a team of 6
members be chosen from a total of 10 people given that Auntu must be in that team?
87.
(A) 210 (B) 180 (C) 156 (D) 140 (E) 126

8
In how many ways can a cricket team of 11 players including a particular captain be
chosen from a total of 14 players? 14 Rb †L‡jvqv‡oi g‡a¨ †_‡K wbw`©ó GKRb AwabvqKmn 13C10 = 13C3
88.
11 R‡bi GKwU wµ‡KU `j KZfv‡e evQvB Kiv hv‡e ? (35 BCS) = 13×12×11/6 = 286
(K) 728 (L) 286 (M) 364 (N) 1001
A football team is to be considered out of 14 boys. In how many ways the team can
13C10 = 13C3
be chosen so that the owner of the ball is always in the team?
89. = 13×12×11/6 = 286
[BB-AD – 2018 (AF)] [Correct Ans. 286]
(A) 129 (B) 135 (C) 143 (D) 169
20 m`m¨ wewkó GKwU dzUej `j n‡Z GKRb AwabvqK I GKRb mnAwabvqK KZfv‡e wbe©vPb 20C2×2 = 20×19 = 380
90. Kiv hv‡e ? [23 BCS; BB-Officer – 2001]
OR, 20×19 = 380
(K) 20 (L) 190 (M) 380 (N) 760
In a group of students 5 are boys and 3 are girls. How many groups of 5 each can be
made so that
91. all the boys are selected?
92. exactly 3 boys are selected?
93. at least 4 boys are selected?
94. at most 1 girl is selected?
95. at least 1 girl is selected?
A committee is to consist of three members. If there are seven men and five women
96. available to serve on the committee, how many different committees can be formed?
[BKB: Officer-Cash – 2018, written]
A club has 7 male and 6 female members. The club is choosing a committee of 6
members. The committee must have 3 male and 3 female members. How many
97. different committees can be chosen? 7C4*6C3 = 35*20 = 700
(A) 25200 (B) 720 (C) 700 (D) 560 (E) 55
There are 7 male and 6 female. A committee of 4 male and 3 female is formed. If Mr.
7C4*6C3 - 6C3*5C2
98. X and Ms. Y disagree to stay the same committee, how many ways the committee is
= 700 - 200 = 500
formed?
Find the number of ways to form a committee consisting of 1 (one) woman and 2 5C1 × 4C2
99. (two) men from a group of 5 women and 4 men. 5 Rb gwnjv I 4 Rb cyiæ‡li ga¨ ‡_‡K 2 =5× = 30 ways
Rb cyiæl I 1 Rb gwnjv wb‡q GKwU `j KZfv‡e evQvB Kiv ‡h‡Z cv‡i? (40 BCS, written)
4 Rb gwnjv I 6 Rb cyiæ‡li g‡a¨ ‡_‡K 4 m`m¨wewkó GKwU Dc-KwgwU MVb Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z 1
100. Rb wbw`©ó cyiæl m`m¨ me©`vB Dcw¯’Z _v‡Kb| KZ c«Kv‡i IB KwgwU MVb Kiv ‡h‡Z cv‡i? 9C3 = 9×8×7/6 = 84
(38 BCS)
(K) 210 (L) 304 (M) 84 (N) 120
From 6 boys and 4 girls, 5 are to be selected for a committee. In how many ways can
this be done if there must be exactly 2 girls?
101. 4C2×6C3 = 6×20 = 120
(A) 30 (B) 60 (C) 90 (D) 120

9
In how many ways can a committee of 7 members be formed from 4 women and 5
102. men such that at least 3 women are members of the committee?
From a group of 7 men and 6 women, five persons are to be selected to form a
committee so that at least 3 men are there on the committee. In how many ways can
103. it be done? [BB-AD – 2011] [Ans. E]
(A) 564 (B) 645 (C) 735 (D) 749 (E) 756
In how many ways can a committee of 5 members be formed from 4 women and 6
104. men such that at least 1 woman is a member of the committee?
A committee of 5 is to be formed from 6 male students and 5 female students. In how 1ᴍ & 4ғ or 2ᴍ & 3ғ or 3ᴍ & 2ғ or
4ᴍ & 1ғ
many ways can this be done so that the committee contains at least one male and one => 6C1*5C4 + 6C2*5C3 +
105. female student? 6C3*5C2 + 6C4*5C1
=> 6*5 + 15*10 + 20*10 + 15*5
[Sonali Bank-SO – 2018 ; Rupali Bank – Officer (Cash) – 2018 (cancelled)] => 30 + 150 + 200 + 75
=> 455
"At least One = Total - None" = Total - No Male - No Female = 11C5 - 5C5 - 6C5 = 462 - 1 – 6 = 455
Mashrifa has 5 roses and 2 Jasmines. A bouquet of 3 flowers is to be formed. In how

106. many ways can it be formed if at least one Jasmine must be in the bouquet?
(A) 5 (B) 20 (C) 25 (D) 35 (E) 40
A box contains 2 white balls, 3 black balls and 4 red balls. In how many ways can 3
107. balls be drawn from the box, if at least one black ball is to be included in the draw?
6 Rb †L‡jvqvo‡K mgvb msL¨K `yBwU `‡j KZ fv‡e wef³ Kiv hvq ? (40 BCS)
= = 10
108.
(K) 10 (L) 20 (M) 60 (N) 120 Alternate Approach:
= = 10
In how many different ways can a group of 8 people be divided into 4 teams of 2
people each?
109.
(A) 90 (B) 105 (C) 168 (D) 420 (E) 2520
In how many ways can 12 people be divided into 3 groups of 3 members, 4 members
110. and 5 members? =
= 27720
In how many ways can 12 people be divided into 3 groups of 4 members in each =
111. group?
= 5775
In how many ways 11 identical toys be placed in 3 distinct boxes such that no box is
empty?
112.

10
Probability
A bag contains 3 Red 4 Green 5 yellow balls. 3 balls are drawn randomly. What is
the probability that
36. all the balls are of different color

37. all the balls are of same color
113. 38. all the balls are not of the same color
39. 2 Red 1 Green
40. Exactly 1 Red ball
41. No Red ball
42. At least 1 Red ball
Nine pieces of paper numbered consecutively from 1 to 9 are put into a hat. If one
piece of paper is drawn at random from the hat, what is the probability that will
114. have an even number? [TBL – 2015]
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
What is the probability that an integer selected at random from those between 10
and 100 inclusive, is a multiple of 5 or 9? [BB-AD – 2018 (AF)]
115. [Ans. C]
(A) 27/89 (B) 20/91 (C) 27/91 (D) 23/89
Find the probability of selecting a prime number from a set numbers 1 to 15 (both
inclusive). [Midland Bank: MTO-2015]
116.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
A two-digit number is written at random. Determine the probability that the number
will be a prime number.
117. 21/90 = 7/30
(A) (B) (C) (D)
‡_‡K 40 ch©šÍ msL¨v ‡_‡K ‡h‡Kvb GKwU‡K B‡”QgZ wb‡j ‡m msL¨vwU ‡gŠwjK A_ev 5 Gi
30
118.
¸wbZK nIqvi m¤¢vebv KZ? (38 BCS)
(2+3)/11 = 5/11
(K) (L) (M) (N)
If an integer is randomly chosen from the first 50 natural number, what is the
probability that a number with a digit of 3 will be selected?
119.
7 3 8 2 3
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
25 10 25 5 5
What is the probability that the product of two integers (not necessary different
integers) randomly selected from the numbers 1 through 20, inclusive, is odd?
120. [BB-AD – 2012]
(A) 2/6 (B) 1/4 (C) 1/2 (D) 3/4

11
All possible three digit numbers are formed by 1, 3, 5. If one number is chosen
randomly, the probability that it would be divisible by 5 is –
121. [BB-Officer – 2019; Combined 5 Banks–(Officer) – 2018 (AF)] [Ans. C]
(A) 0 (B) 2/9 (C) 1/3 (D) 1/4
Total possible No. = 3*3*3 = 27

All possible three digit numbers are formed by 1, 2, 3. If one number is chosen Numbers divisible by 111 => 3
122.
randomly, the probability that it would be divisible by 111 is – [111, 222, 333]
Req. Probability => 3/27 = 1/9
If two distinct positive divisors of 64 are randomly selected, what is the probability
that their sum will be less than 32?
123.
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
What is the probability that a word formed by randomly rearranging the letters of
the word SPEAK is the word SPEAK itself?
124.
(K) 1 (L) (M) (N)
A new word is to be formed by randomly rearranging the letters of the word

ALGEBRA. What is the probability that the new word has consonants occupying
125. only the positions currently occupied by consonants in the word ALGEBRA?
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
The ratio of the number of red balls, to yellow balls, to green balls in an urn is 2:3:4.
What is the probability that a ball chosen at random from the urn is a red ball?
126. [Ans. D]
[BB-AD – 2012]
(A) 2/7 (B) 5/10 (C) 5/9 (D) 2/9
A bag contains 7 white balls, 3 red balls and 2 black balls. A ball is picked from the
bag at random. Find the probability of picking either a white or a black ball.
127.
1 1 3 1 7
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
12 3 4 4 72
A bag contains 40 marbles, 26 red ones and 14 blue ones. Two marbles are picked at
random from the bag without returning. What is the probability of picking a red
128. marble first and then a blue marble?
1 1 4 7
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E) None of these
12 4 9 30
GKwU _wj‡Z 6 wU bxj ej, 8 wU mv`v ej Ges 10 wU Kv‡jv ej Av‡Q| ‰èfv‡e GKU ej Zzj‡j
129. †mwU mv`v bv nevi m¤¢vebv KZ? (37 BCS) (6+10)/24 = 16/24 = 2/3
(K) (L) (M) (N)
In a box, there are 8 red, 7 blue and 6 green balls. One ball is picked up randomly.
What is the probability that it is neither red nor green?
130. [BB-AD – 2012; BB-Officer (Cash) – 2011] [Ans. A]
(A) 1/3 (B) 3/4 (C) 7/19 (D) 8/21 (E) 1/9

12
A bag contains 2 red, 2 green and 3 blue balls. Two balls are drawn at random.
What is the probability that none of the balls drawn is blue?
131.
A certain bag contains 6 marbles, of which 4 are red and 2 are white in color. If
Babu is to pick out 2 marbles from the bag simultaneously and at random, what is 4c1×2c1/6c2 = 4×2/15 =
8/15
132. the probability that one is red and the other is white? [IBA-BBA - 2016-17]
(4/6)×(2/5)×2 = 8/15
A jar contains marbles of 4 different colors. The number of blue marbles is three
times as many as the yellow ones. The number of red marbles is half that of the
yellow ones. The number of orange marbles is equal to the number of red ones. What
133.
is the probability of getting an orange marble if you pick one randomly?
In a group of 30 students, 14 are girls and 4 of them can speak French. All of the
boys can speak French. If a student is selected randomly from the group, find the
134. probability that the selected student is a girl who cannot speak French.
A box contains 10 electric bulbs from which two bulbs are defective. Two bulbs are
chosen at random. What is the probability that one of them is defective? × ×2=
135. (BASIC Bank-AM - 2018)
(A) (B) (C) (D)
There are 4 women and 4 men sitting in a waiting room for job interview. If two of
the applicants are selected at random, what is the probability that both will be
136. women? (Exim Bank: TO-2015)
(A) 1/2 (B) 3/7 (C) 3/4 (D) 3/14 (E) None of these
In a class there are 15 students starting from roll number 1 to 15. If you randomly
pick 2 students, what is the probability that roll number of both students will be
137. odd? [IBA-MBA: 55th intake; Dec-2015]
AvenvIqv Awd‡mi wi‡cvU© Abyhvqx 2015 mv‡ji RyjvB gv‡mi 2q mßv‡n e…wó n‡q‡Q †gvU 5 w`b|
H mßv‡n eyaevi e…wó bv nIqvi m¤¢vebv KZ? (36 BCS)
(K) (L) (M) (N)

138. 1 – 5/7 = 2/7

13
A man and a woman appeared for an interview. The probability of the man to be
selected is 1/7 and that of the woman is 1/5. What is the probability that only one of
139. them will be selected?
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
There are 10 women and 3 men in Room A. One person is picked at random from
Room A and moved to Room B, where there are already 3 women and 5 men. If a
single person is then to be picked from Room B, what is the probability that a
140. woman will be picked? [IBA-MBA: 56th intake; Jul-2016]
A speaks truth in 75% cases and B in 80% cases. In what percentage of cases are
141.
they likely to contradict each other, narrating the same incident?
A certain junior class has 1,000 students and a certain senior class has 800 students.
Among these students, there are 60 siblings’ pairs, each consisting of 1 junior and 1
senior. If 1 student is to be selected at random from each class, what is the
142. probability that the 2 students selected at will be a sibling pair?
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
Xavier, Yvonne, and Zelda each try independently to solve a problem. If their
individual probabilities for success are 1/4, 1/2, and 5/8, respectively, what is the
143. probability that Xavier and Yvonne, but not Zelda, will solve the problem?
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
A problem is given to 3 students whose chances of solving it are 1/2, 1/3 and 1/4
respectively. What is the probability that the problem will be solved?
144.
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
You have a rifle with only three bullets by which you have to shoot down a
helicopter. You will shoot the bullets one after another. The probability of the first
145. bullet to hit it is 90% and those of 2nd and 3rd one is 80% & 70% respectively.
What is the probability that the helicopter will be shot-down?
(A) 0.504 (B) 0.80 (C) 0.994 (D) 2.40 (E) None of these
On average, a shooter hits the target once every 3 shots. What is the probability that
he will hit the target at least once in 3 shots?
146.
(A) 1 (B) (C) (D) (E) None of these
Consider a pack contains 4 blue, 2 red and 3 black pens.

A) If a pen is drawn at random from the pack, replaced and the process repeated 2
more times. What is the probability of drawing 2 blue pens and 1 black pen?
147.
B) If 2 pens are drawn at random from the pack, NOT replaced and then another
pen is drawn. What is the probability of drawing 2 blue pens and 1 black pen?
[BB – AD (Statistics) – 2017 (AUST), written]

14
If two cards are drawn at random from a deck of 52 cards, what is the probability
that both the cards will be from the same suit?
148.
that the cards will be from different suit?
149.
that one of the cards is a spade and the other is a club?
150.
A coin is tossed six times. What is the probability that the fourth toss would turn a
head?
151.
A fair coin is thrown in the air four times. If the coin lands with the head up on the
first three tosses, what is the probability that the coin will land with the head up on The results are independent.
152. the fourth toss? [BB-Officer (Cash) – 2011] P(head on 4th toss) = ½
(A) 3/4 (B) 1/4 (C) 1/8 (D) 1/16 (E) 1/32
3 coins are tossed at random. Show the sample space and find the probability of
getting:
(i) One head and two tails
153.
(ii) One tail
(iii) One tail and two heads
[BB-AD – 2018; BHBFC–SO – 2018, written]
Three coins are tossed. What is the probability of getting at most two tails?
154.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
If a fair coin is tossed three times, what is the probability that it will turn up heads
exactly twice?
155.
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
What is the probability of rolling 3 six-sided dice, and getting a different number on
each dice?
156.
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
If 4 fair dice are thrown simultaneously, what is the probability of getting at least
one pair?
157.
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

15
What is the probability of getting at least one six in a single throw of three unbiased
dice?
158.
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
A die is rolled twice. What is the probability of getting a sum equal to 9?

[Mercantile Bank: MTO-2015]
159.
`ywU Q°v GKmv‡_ ‡d‡j c«vß msL¨v `ywU ‡hvM Ki‡j, ‡hvMdj 10 nevi m¤¢vebv KZ?
160. [NSI-AD - 2019]
An article manufactured by a company consists of two parts A and B. In the process

of manufacture of part A, 9 out of 100 are likely to be defective. Similarly, 5 out of
161. 100 are likely to be defective in the process of manufacture of part B. The
probability that the assembled part will not be defective is -
[Combined 5/8 Banks (Officer- Cash) – 2019 (AUST)]
A box contains 100 balls, numbered from 1 to 100. If three balls are selected at
OOO or EEO
random and with replacement from the box, what is the probability that the sum of 3
P(OOO) = (1/2) = 1/8
2
162. the three numbers on the balls selected from the box will be odd? P(EEO) = 3×(1/2) ×(1/2)
= 3/8
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E) So finally P = 1/8+3/8 = 1/2
A bag contains 30 balls, numbered 1 to 30. Two balls are drawn at random. What is
the probability that the balls drawn contain a number which is a multiple of 4 or 6 Multiple of 4 or 6 but not of
both (1 to 30) = 7+5-2×2 = 8
163. but not a multiple of both? [Sonali Bank - SO (FF) MCQ – 2019 (AUST)]
So, Req. Prob. = 8C2/30C2
= (7×8)/(30×29) = 28/435
(A) (B) (C) (D) None of these
First bag contains 4 red and 3 black balls. Second bag contains 2 red and 4 black
164. balls. One bag is selected at random. From the selected bag, one ball is drawn. Find
the probability that the ball drawn is red. [Combined 4 Banks – 2019]
In a bag which contains 40 balls, there are 18 red balls and some green and blue (18/40)×(G/39) = 3/26
balls. If two balls are picked up from the bag without replacement, then the On solving, G = 10
165.
probability of the first ball being red and second being green is 3/26. Find the
number of blue balls in the bag. Then, B = (40-18-10) = 12
A Bag contains some White and Black Balls. The probability of picking two white
balls one after other without replacement from that bag is 14/33. Then what will be
166.
the probability of picking two Black balls from that Bag if bag can hold maximum 15
balls only? [Combined 8 Banks and FI’s: SO – 2018]
A family has three children, what is the probability that all three are boys?
167.
One is a boy. Sample spaces

are: BB | BG | GB | GG
168. Mr. Jones has two children. What is the probability he has a girl if he has a boy? Probability that other is a girl
= 2/3 (or 66.66%)

16
c«wZev‡i 3wU K‡i eY© wb‡q ‡gvU mgv‡ek msL¨v KZ? (COMBINATION)
c«wZev‡i 3wU K‡i eY© wb‡q KZ¸‡jv wfbœ wfbœ kã MVb Kiv hvq? (PERMUTATION)
Word Cases Combination Different Words
ALGEBRA i) All the 3 letters are

6C3 = 20 6C3×3! = 20×6 = 120
Total Letter: 7 different
ii) 2 letters are same
Distinct Letter:
and the remaining 2C2×5C1 = 1×5 = 5 2C2×5C1×3!/2! = 1×5×3 = 15
A,L,G,E,B,R – 6
one is different
Repeating Letter:
A (2 times) Total 25 135
AMERICA i) All the 3 letters are

6C3 = 20 6C3×3! = 20×6 = 120
Total Letter: 7 different
Distinct Letter: ii) 2 letters are same

A,M,E,R,I,C – 6 and the remaining 2C2×5C1 = 1×5 = 5 2C2×5C1×3!/2! = 1×5×3 = 15
one is different
Repeating Letter:
A (2 times) Total 25 135
c«wZev‡i 4wU K‡i eY© wb‡q ‡gvU mgv‡ek msL¨v KZ? (COMBINATION)
c«wZev‡i 4wU K‡i eY© wb‡q KZ¸‡jv wfbœ wfbœ kã MVb Kiv hvq? (PERMUTATION)
Word Cases Combination Different Words
THESIS i) All the 4 letters are

5C4 = 5 5C4×4! = 5×24 = 120
Total Letter: 6 distinct
Distinct Letter:
and remaining 1×4C2 = 1×6 = 6 1×4C2×4!/2! = 1×6×12 = 72
T,H,E,S,I – 5
two are different
Repeating Letter:
S (2 times) Total 11 192
i) All the 4 letters are

4C4 = 1 4C4×4! = 1×24 = 24
DEGREE distinct
Total Letter: 6 ii) 2 letters are same

and remaining 1×3C2 = 1×3 = 3 1×3C2×4!/2! = 1×3×12 = 36
Distinct Letter: two are different
D,E,G,R – 4 iii) 3 letters are same
and the remaining 1×3C1 = 1×3 = 3 1×3C1×4!/3! = 1×3×4 = 12
Repeating Letter:
one is different
E (3 times)
Total 7 72

17

PROFESSOR 6C4 = 15 6C4×4! = 15×24 = 360
distinct
and remaining 3C1×5C2 = 3×10 = 30 3C1×5C2×4!/2! = 3×10×12 = 360
Distinct Letter:
two are different
P,R,O,F,E,S – 6
iii) 2-pairs of similar
Repeating Letter: 3C2 = 3 3C2×4!/(2! ×2!) = 3×6 = 18
letters
R, O, S (2 times each)
Total 48 738
COMBINATION i) All the 4 letters are

8C4 = 70 8C4×4! = 70×24 = 1680
distinct
C,O,M,B,I,N,A,T – 8
letters
O, I, N (2 times each)
Total 136 2454
MATHEMATICS i) All the 4 letters are
8C4 = 70 8C4×4! = 70×24 = 1680
distinct
Total Letter: 11
Distinct Letter: and remaining 3C1×7C2 = 3×21 = 63 3C1×7C2×4!/2! = 3×21×12 = 756
M,A,T,H,E,I,C,S – 8 two are different
Repeating Letter: iii) 2-pairs of similar

3C2 = 3 3C2×4!/(2! ×2!) = 3×6 = 18
M, A, T (2 times letters
each) Total 136 2454
ENGINEERING i) All the 4 letters are

5C4 = 5 5C4×4! = 5×24 = 120
distinct
Distinct Letter:
two are different
E,N,G,I,R – 5
letters
E (3 times),
N (3 times), iv) 3 letters are same
G (2 times), and remaining one 2C1×4C1 = 2×4 = 8 2C1×4C1×4!/3! = 2×4×4 = 32
I (2 times) is different
Total 43 620
INEFFECTIVE 7C4 = 35 7C4×4! = 35×24 = 840
distinct

I,N,E,F,C,T,V – 7 iii) 2-pairs of similar
3C2 = 3 3C2×4!/(2! ×2!) = 3×6 = 18
Repeating Letter: letters
I (2 times), iv) 3 letters are same
E (3 times), and remaining one 1×6C1 = 1×6 = 6 1×6C1×4!/3! = 1×6×4 = 24
F (2 times) is different
Total 89 1422

Permutation & Combination: N J, Gi GVB KZ?

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1

15. PnC & Probability

Permutation & Combination

nPr = nCr = nC(n-r) = [0 ≤ r ≤ n]

If 7Pr = 210, find r = ? 210 = 7×6×5 [3 terms]

Upgrade yourself; it saves a lot of extra effort

(A) 15 (B) 96 (C) 120 (D) 181 (E) 216

All possible 3-digit No's.

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26. A and T should be together

27. A and T should never be together

28. C, A and T are together

29. CAT is clearly visible

Upgrade yourself; it saves a lot of extra effort

(A) 8P2 (B) (C) 8P4 (D) (E)

(A) 6 (B) 9 (C) 12 (D) 24

(A) 40 (B) 42 (C) 56 (D) 80 (E) 168

Upgrade yourself; it saves a lot of extra effort

(A) 20 (B) 16 (C) 12 (D) 4 (E) 2

How many ways can 5 persons be seated around a circular table?

In how many different ways is it possible to answer an 8-question true/false quiz?

There are 10 true-false questions in an examination. These questions can be

Upgrade yourself; it saves a lot of extra effort

6 diplomats, representing 6 different nations, meet for a peace conference. At the

(A) 100 (B) 90 (C) 45 (D) 20

Selecting any number of objects from n distinct objects => 2n ways

Upgrade yourself; it saves a lot of extra effort

There are 6 distinct letters: A-M-E-R-I-C.

8C4 + 3C1×7C2 + 3C2

(A) 792 (B) 252 (C) 224 (D) 120

(A) 48 (B) 56 (C) 240 (D) 462 (E) 6720

(A) 5 (B) 8 (C) 14 (D) 30 (E) 35

Upgrade yourself; it saves a lot of extra effort

(K) 728 (L) 286 (M) 364 (N) 1001

(A) 25200 (B) 720 (C) 700 (D) 560 (E) 55

Upgrade yourself; it saves a lot of extra effort

Mashrifa has 5 roses and 2 Jasmines. A bouquet of 3 flowers is to be formed. In how

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36. all the balls are of different color

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

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(A) 0 (B) 2/9 (C) 1/3 (D) 1/4

Total possible No. = 3*3*3 = 27

A new word is to be formed by randomly rearranging the letters of the word

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

(K) (L) (M) (N)

Upgrade yourself; it saves a lot of extra effort

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E) None of these

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E) None of these

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E) None of these

(K) (L) (M) (N)

Upgrade yourself; it saves a lot of extra effort

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E) None of these

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

Consider a pack contains 4 blue, 2 red and 3 black pens.

Upgrade yourself; it saves a lot of extra effort

Upgrade yourself; it saves a lot of extra effort

A die is rolled twice. What is the probability of getting a sum equal to 9?

An article manufactured by a company consists of two parts A and B. In the process

One is a boy. Sample spaces

Total possible No. = 333 = 27