Biochemistry

1.When two glucose (C6H12O6) molecules are combined to

form a molecule of maltose (C12H22O11), the formula of
maltose is not C12H24O12 because __.

a. Hydrolysis takes place

b.Dehydration synthesis takes place
c. Polypeptides are formed
d.Water is added
2. Of the following organic compounds, the one
that represents a protein is __

a.C12H22O11
b.C6H12O6
c.C17H35COOH
d.(C6H10O5)n
e.C123H193N35O37
3. Messenger RNA is important in protein synthesis
because it __

a.Contains the 20 essential amino acids

b.Carries the code from DNA to the ribosomes
c.Is transmitted to the nucleotides
d.Contains the pyrimidine base, thymine.
4. In which of the following life processes is ATP
produced?
I. Photosynthesis
II. Aerobic Respiration
III. Anaerobic Respiration

a. I only b. II only c. I and II only d. II and III only

e. I, II and III
5. The ATP →ADP relationship may be summed
up as __

a.Energy-rich → charged
b.Energy-poor → discharged
c.Energy-rich → discharged
d.Energy-poor → charged
e. Discharged → charged
6. In which of the following organic compounds is a
COOH group found?
I. Carbohydrate
II.Lipid
III.Protein

a. I only c. I and II only e. I, II and III

b. b. II only d. II and III only
7. The presence of cyclic AMP in cell __.

a.Helps produce the action of a particular hormone

b.Causes the cell to die
c.Activates the microtubules
d.Prevents the endoplasmic reticulum from
synthesizing protein
e.Causes the cytoplasm to gel
8. In aerobic respiration, the final hydrogen acceptor
is

a.Chlorophyll
b.Carbon dioxide
c.Water
d.ATP
e.Molecular oxygen
9. Hormones are distributed through the body by

a.Blood plasma
b.Ducts
c.Lacteals
d.Endocrines
e.Enzymes
Plasma is the largest part of your blood. It makes up more
than half (about 55%) of its overall content. When
separated from the rest of the blood, plasma is a light
yellow liquid. Plasma carries water, salts and enzymes.

The main role of plasma is to take nutrients, hormones,

and proteins to the parts of the body that need it. Cells
also put their waste products into the plasma. The plasma
then helps remove this waste from the body. Blood
plasma also carries all parts of the blood through your
circulatory system.
Source: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?ContentTypeID=160&ContentID=37
10. Carbohydrates are organic compounds containing
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, in which the hydrogen
and oxygen occurs in the same ratio as in water. Of the
following compounds, the carbohydrate is __.

a.Stearin, C57H110O6
b.Thiamine, C12H18N4O2S
c.Palmatine, C51H98O6
d.Cellulose, (C6H10O5)n
e.Riboflavin, C17H20N4O6
11. A hormone that enables
the cells to utilize glucose is
produced by __
a.10
b.5
c.6
d.3
e.2
12. Glycogen is stored by
__
a. 4
b. 8
c. 3
d. 5
e. 2
13. Which of the
following produces
hydrochloric acid?
a. 5
b. 7
c. 2
d. 4
e. 8
14. Which of the following
absorbs digested fatty acids
and glycerol?
a. 7
b. 8
c. 10
d. 2
e. 3
15. An enzyme that starts
protein digestion is produced
by __.
a. 5
b. 7
c. 3
d. 8
e. 2
16. The best description of an enzyme is that it
__.

a.Becomes hydrolyzed during chemical reactions

b.Becomes dehydrated running chemical
synthesis
c.Speed up the rate of chemical reactions
d.Serves as an inorganic catalyst
e.Is a source of energy for a chemical reaction
 Enzymes are proteins that help speed up chemical
reactions in our bodies. Enzymes are essential for
digestion, liver function and much more. Too much or
too little of a certain enzyme can cause health
problems.

Source: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/21532-enzymes#:~:text=Enzymes%20are%20proteins%20that%20help,enzyme%20can%20cause%20health%20problems.
17. Which pair of ketogenic amino acids breaks
down to form ketone bodies?

a. Phenylalanine and isoleucine

b. Cysteine and methionine
c. Tryptophan and tyrosine
d. Leucine and lysine
Ketones are always present in the blood and their levels
increase during fasting and prolonged exercise.

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules that contain the ketone

groups produced from fatty acids by the liver. They are readily
transported into tissues outside the liver, where they are converted
into acetyl-CoA —which then enters the citric acid cycle and is
oxidized for energy.
18. All of the organic compounds are carbohydrates
except __.
a.Lactose (C12H22O11)
b.Glucose (C6H12O6)
c.Galactose (C6H12O6)
d.Glycerol (C3H5(OH)3)
e.Glycogen (C6H10O5)8
 Glycerol is seen in biological systems as an intermediate
in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism because surplus
carbohydrate can be converted into long chain fatty
acids and esterified with the three hydroxyl groups.

Source: https://biologydictionary.net/glycerol/
19. A person with insufficient iron in his diet may
become anemic because __.
a.Not enough oxyhemoglobin is formed in the
liver
b.The spleen removed too many leucocytes from
the blood
c.The clotting reaction time is reduced
d.Iron is needed to build up hemoglobin
e.Iron is used in making fibrinogen
20. Which process produces the greatest number of
ATP molecules?

a.Aerobic respiration
b.Anerobic respiration
c.Photolysis
d.Glycolysis
e.Hydrolysis
21. One similarity of DNA and RNA molecules is that they
both contain

a.Nucleotides
b.ATP
c.Thymine
d.Deoxyribose sugars
e.A double helix
22. Which of the following statements is true
about the bond formed between two bonds of
carbon?
a.It involves the sharing of protons
b.It involves the sharing of electrons
c.It involves the sharing of neutrons
d.It contains ADP
e.It cannot be broken
23. Which R-group interactions between the
following pairs of amino acids would produce a
disulfide bond?
a. cysteine-cysteine
b. proline-proline
c. alanine-glycine
d. methionine-glycine
24. Which of the following does this
structural formula represent?

a.An atom
b.b. an ion
c.a molecule
d.an element
e. a mixture
25. The production of glucose, a six-carbon sugar, is
most closely associated with the chemical reactions
that occur during __.
a.Aerobic respiration
b.Anaerobic respiration
c.Fermentation
d.The dark phase of photosynthesis
e.The light phase of photosynthesis
26. An atom of radioactive carbon is similar to an
atom of ordinary carbon having the same __.
a.Number of neurons
b.Number of protons
c.Half-life
d.Atomic weight
e.Mass
27. Of the following chemical substances, the only
one related to the nervous system is __.

a.Gibberellic acid
b.Acetylcholine
c.Insulin
d.Deoxyribonucleic acid
e.Opsonin
28. During protein synthesis, individual amino acids
are __.
a.Joined to form ling chains
b.Separated out of long chains
c.Digested into their separate elements
d.Hydrolyzed into their molecular units
e.Combines RNA nucleotides.
29. Of the following processes, which
one is represented by this equation:

a.Fermentation
b.Lactation
c.Photosynthesis
d.Aerobic respiration
e.Anaerobic respiration
30. What effects does the hydrolytic action of
enzyme have on organic molecules?
a.They are converted to more complex form
b.Their hydrogen-ion concentration is increased
c.Their hydrogen-ion concentration is decreased
d.They become chemically inactive
e.They become smaller
31. During respiration, chemical body energy is
transferred from C-C and C-H bonds of
carbohydrates to chemical bonds in the
formation of molecules of __
a.DNA
b.RNA
c.Protein
d.ATP
e.Oxygen
32. A chain bonded amino acid molecules forms
an organic compound called a __
a.Polynucleotide
b.Polypeptide
c.Polysaccharide
d.Polyploid
e.Polyamine
33. Which of the following is indicated by
the information of the accompanying
graph?
a. The rate of enzyme action is directly dependent on
upon the substrate concentration
b. The rate of the enzyme action increase constantly
with an increase in enzyme concentration
c. The rate of enzyme action becomes stabilized when
a certain enzyme concentration is reached
d. Enzyme concentration has no effect upon the rate
of enzyme action
e. When the substrate concentration is increased, the
enzyme concentration is decreased.
34. The formation of protein molecule under the
influence of messenger RNA is referred to as __.
a.Transcription
b.Translocation
c.Transfer RNA
d.Translation
e.Transport
35. Which of the following is
true of the organic molecules
depicted here?
a. It is hydrolyzed to form glycerol
b.It represents the building block of
a type of protein
c. It represents a building block
utilized in the synthesis of a DNA
molecule
d.It represents a polysaccharide
e.It is acted upon by the enzyme
maltase
36. Digestive enzymes that hydrolyze molecule
of fat into fatty acid and glycerol molecules are
known as __
a.Lactases
b.Lipases
c.Leukocytes
d.Lipids
e.Lacteals
37. Cholesterols is a form of __.
a.Fats and lipids
b.Proteins
c.Carbohydrates
d.Vitamins
38. Denaturation of protein structures is by its
a.oxygen
b.Polar bonds of water molecules
c.Heat
d.Carbon dioxide
39. Amino acids with acidic side chain contain an
extra carboxylic group, because of this
a. they tend to become polar and ionizable
b. they are not capable of undergoing
ionization
c. they tend to become non-polar and
ionizable
d. they attain stability and obtain a net charge
of zero.
40. Which of the following amino acids would be
classified as a polar neutral amino acid?
1.Nonpolar amino acids (there are 9) contain aliphatic (hydrocarbon)
chains or aromatic rings.
2.Polar acidic amino acids (2) contain a carboxylic acid (or carboxylate)
group in the side chain (R group). This is in addition to the one in the
backbone of the amino acid.
3.Polar basic amino acids (3) contain an amine (may be neutral or
charged) group in the side chain (R group). This is in addition to the one in
the backbone of the amino acid.
4.Polar neutral amino acids (6) contain a hydroxyl (-OH), sulfur, or amide
in the R group).