1science 9 - Q3 - Module 1 - Different Types of Volcanoes

Science
Quarter 3 – EARTH & SPACE

Module 1: Different Types of
Volcanoes
9
CO_Q3_Science 9_ Module 1
Science – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Earth and Space
Module 1: Different Types of Volcanoes
First Edition, 2020
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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Development Team of the Module

Writer: Ellissa Christie Kaye L. Murillo
Editors: Loreta E. Santos, Anthony D. Angeles
Reviewers: Anacoreta R. Trogo, Marilou G. Duque, Toribio G. Cruz Jr.
Illustrators: Ellissa Christie Kaye L. Murillo, Neil Edward Diaz
Layout Artist: Anthony D. Angeles, Neil Edward Diaz Management
Team:
Malcolm S. Garma
Genia V. Santos
Dennis M. Mendoza
Micah S. Pacheco
Josefina M. Pablo
Manolo C. Davantes Jr.
Dalisay E. Esguerra
Hilda C. Valencia
Printed in the Philippines by ________________________
Department of Education – National Capital Region

Office Address: Misamis St. Bago Bantay, Quezon City
Telefax: (632)8929-0153
E-mail Address: depedncr@deped.gov.ph
9
Science
Quarter 3 – EARTH & SPACE
Module 1: Different Types of
Volcanoes
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners,
can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions,
directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand
each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-
bystep as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each

SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you
need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of
the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-
check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust
that you will be honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they
can best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part
of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests.
And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.
What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the different types of volcanoes. The scope of this module permits it to
be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the
diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the
standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.
The module focuses on achieving this learning competency:
Describe the different types of volcanoes and volcanic eruption.

(S9ESIIIb-26)
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. describe the structure of a volcano;

2. describe the different types of volcano based on structure, and activity;
3. give examples of the types volcanoes which are found in the Philippines;
4. describe the different types of volcanic eruption; and,
5. create an advocacy material or activity that will help raise awareness
about the signs of an impending volcanic eruption.
What I Know
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following BEST describes a volcano?

A. It is a place within the mantle where rocks melt to generate magma.
B. It is a long tube in the ground that connects the magma chamber to
Earth’s
surface.
C. It is an opening in the Earth's mantle through which lava, volcanic ash,
and gases escape.
D. It is an opening on the surface of the Earth that allows material warmer
than its surroundings to escape from its interior.
2. Which of the following statements about volcanoes is TRUE? A. Volcanic

eruptions can be predicted.
B. Volcanic eruptions are always violent.
C. Volcanoes cannot be found in bodies of water.
D. Volcanoes give us information about inner Earth
For questions 3-5, refer to Figure 1 (Parts of a volcano)
Figure 1. Parts of a Volcano

Illustrated by: Ms. Ellissa Christie Kaye L. Murillo
3. Which part represents the magma chamber?

A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 7
4. What part of the volcano is represented by Part 1?

A. crater
B. magma
C. main vent
D. magma chamber
5. Which of the following statements correctly describes Part 8 in Figure 1?
A. It is cloud of ash formed by volcanic explosion
B. It is a fast-moving current of hot gas and rock that is moving away from a
volcano.
C. It is a basin, circular in form, which can be large in radius and sometimes
great in depth.
D. It is a silicate rock that is hot enough to be in liquid form, expelled from a
volcano and reached the Earth’s surface during an eruption.
6. What type of volcanoes are formed from wide thin layers of lava?
A. lava domes
B. cinder cones
C. shield volcanoes
D. composite volcanoes
7. What type of volcano is Mayon Volcano which is formed from alternating layers
of lava flow, undissolved stone and ash?
A. lava domes
B. cinder cones
C. shield volcanoes
D. composite volcanoes
8. Which of the following CORRECTLY describes the composition and formation

of composite volcanoes?
A. It has a highly viscous or thick, slow moving lava.
B. It has a loose and fluid lava that flows over each other.
C. It is composed of boulders and formed by the collision of oceanic plates.
D. It is composed of loose fragments from basaltic lava and considered as the
simplest type of volcano.
9. Volcanoes are classified as active or inactive. Which of the following is used to

determine volcanic activity?
A. materials they emit
B. age of the volcanoes
C. place where they are located
D. historical record of eruption or volcanic activity
10. Mt. Akir-Akir, located in Province of North Cotabato, has no record of activity
for the last 10,000 years. Which of the following statements is CORRECT? A.
It is an active volcano.
B. It is an inactive volcano.
C. It is a potentially active volcano.
D. It is a destructive volcano.
11. Bicol region is highly volcanic in origin and part of the Pacific Ring of Fire.
Which of the following volcano located in Bicol region is considered the most
active having the most number of historical eruptions?
A. Iriga B. Isarog
C. Mayon
D. Bulusan
12. Which of these statements is INCORRECT?
A. Vulcanian eruption is a silent eruption due to oozing lava.
B. Strombolian eruption is an eruption characterized by fountain lava.
C. Phreatic eruption is a short lived-eruption and maybe an onset of a large
eruption.
D. Phreatomagmatic eruption is an eruption resulted to sideway emission of
pyroclastic materials.
13. Taal volcano in Batangas exhibits phreatic or hydrothermal eruption. Which of

the following statements describes a phreatic eruption?
A. It is a violent eruption due to the contact between water and magma.
B. It is an excessively explosive type of eruption of gas and pyroclastic.
C. It is a periodic weak violent eruption characterized by fountain of lava.
D. It is characterized by tall eruption columns that reach up to 20 km high
with pyroclastic flow and ash fall tephra.
14. Which of the following is a sign of an impending volcanic eruption?

A. Volcanic tremors
B. Increase level of water
C. Presence of hot spring
D. Occurrence of thunderstorm
15. Which of these is NOT a sign of impending volcanic eruption?

A. Crater glow due to presence of magma at or near the crater.
B. Decrease in the temperature of hot springs, wells, or crater lake near the
volcano
C. Increase in the frequency of volcanic quakes with rumbling sounds;
occurrence of volcanic tremors
D. Increase steaming activity; change in color of steam emission from white to
gray due to entrained ash.
Lesson
Earth and Space: Different
1 Types of Volcanoes
In this module, you will be dealing with the volcanic structure and the
different types of volcanoes based on structure and activity, and types of volcanic
eruptions. You will also explore the different examples of volcanoes found in the
Philippines as well as the signs of impending volcanic eruption. You are expected to
create materials that can provide awareness on signs of a forthcoming volcanic
eruption especially to people or community living near an active volcano.
Here are some key questions for you to ponder as you go over this module:
1. What is the structure of a volcano?

2. How are volcanoes classified?
3. What are the examples of volcanoes found in the Philippines?
4. What are the different types of volcanic eruption?
5. What advocacy material can be created to raise awareness on the signs of
impending volcanic eruption?
What’s In
Write four (4) words that you can associate with the word “volcano” by completing
the graphic organizer. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
What’s New
TRAVEL THE PHILIPPINES:
Philippines is home to several volcanoes due to its location in the Pacific Ring
of Fire. Study the pictures of some famous volcanoes in the country below and
answer the guide questions in a separate sheet of paper.
Figure 2. Mount Makiling Figure 2.1.Mount Apo Figure 2.2. Taal Volcano
Florante A. Cruz , “Mount Makiling's peaks as seen Robert Anton Pimentel Aparente , “Mount Apo”, 7 therealbrute,Binintiang Malaki volcanic cone of Taal
from Sison's Hill inside the U P Los Banos campus”, 1 April 2012 , volcano in the Philippines, 15 May 2010,
January 2012 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mount_ a https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Volcani c
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mount_M a po.jp g _Cone_in_Taal_Lake_in_the_Philippines _-_2010-05-
kiling_in_Los_Banos.jp g 15 .jp g
Figure 2.3. Mount Pinatubo Figure 2.4. Mount Mayon

ChrisTomnon g, “Mount Pinatubo”, 29 December 2008 , AwOiSoAk KaOsIoWa, “Mayon Volcan o”, February 06, 2014,
https ://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mount_Pinatubo_20081 2 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mayon_Volcan o
29 _01.jp g _- _panoramio_(1).jp g
Guide Questions:
1. Which of these volcanoes is/are present in your community or region?

2. Which of these volcanoes would you like to visit? Why?
3. Describe the structure of these volcanoes.
4. What news have you heard about these volcanoes?
5. Is it dangerous to live in areas near a volcano?
What Is It
Structure of a Volcano
The term “volcano” refers to mountain or hill, typically conical, having a

crater or vent in which lava, rock fragments, hot vapor, and gas are or have been
erupted from the earth's crust. The lava and other volcanic materials originated
from molten materials called magma found beneath the surface of the Earth.
Magma and other volcanic materials are finding its way to the surface where they
are expelled through openings like cracks and holes. Any activity that includes the
movement of magma towards or onto the surface is called volcanism.
Figure 3. The
Structure of volcano
Illustrated by: Ellissa Christie Kaye L. Murillo
The Parts of a Volcano are:
⮚ Summit is the highest point or the apex of the volcano. At the summit, you
have an opening called vent.
⮚ Slopes are the sides or flanks of a volcano that radiate from the main or
central vent.
⮚ Base is lower outer part of the volcano.
Other Geologic features of a volcano:
 Magma Chamber is a region beneath the vent of a volcano where molten

rock or magma is deposited or stored before eruption.
 Main Vent is the main opening or outlet on the surface of a volcano that
emits lava, gases, ash or other volcanic materials.
 Conduit is an underground central tube-like or pipe-like structure of a

volcano that connects the magma chamber to the crater through which
the magma travels.
 Side Vent is a smaller outlet through which magma escapes.
 Crater is the mouth of the volcano which is a funnel-shaped or

bowlshaped hollow at the top of the vent from where magma, ash and gas
comes out.
 Lava is a molten rock which is given off onto the surface of the Earth
when a volcano erupts.
 Ash and Gas Cloud is a of mixtures of rock, minerals, glass particles and
gases expelled or pushed out of the volcano during volcanic eruption.
Classification of Volcanoes
There are several ways by which volcanoes can be classified. They can be classified
based on structure and activity.
Types of Volcanoes Based on Structure

One way to classify different types of volcanoes is through the structure
characterized by their shape, parts and formation.
Cinder Cone Volcano
Figure 4Cinder Cone Volcano

Zzyzx, Volcanic Cinder Cone, November 16, 2003,
https://commons. wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Volcanic_Ci n
der_Cone_-_panoramio.jp g
Cinder cone volcanoes are the simplest type

of volcano. They are built from particles and
blobs of solidified lava ejected from a single
vent. Lava is thrown into the air, which breaks
into small fragments that solidify and fall as
cinders around the vent to form a circular or
oval cone. Most cinder cones have a steep
slope, wide crater and are the most abundant
of the three major volcano types. An example of
this type in the Philippines are Taal Volcano in
Batangas, Smith Volcano found in Babuyan
Group of Islands, Mount Mayabobo found in
Quezon
Province, and Mount Musuan in Bukidnon. An
example of this outside of the Philippines is the
Paricutin volcano in Mexico.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Smith_Volca
Figure 4.1 Mount Babuyan

Bing Ramos, “Smith Volcano”, April 4, 2006,
Figure 4.2 Taal Volcano

therealbrute, “ Binintiang Malaki volcanic cone of Taal volcano in the
Philippines”, May 15, 2010,
no_1.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Volcanic_Cone_in_Taal_Lake_in_t he_Philippines_-_2010-05-15.jpg
Figure 4.3 Mount Mayabobo Figure 4.4 Mount Babuyan

Jayjay Tarasona, “Mount Mayabobo”, March 20, 2021,
Tintin Consuelo, “Mount Babuyan”, February 9, 2021,
https://www.facebook.com/ram.comiatarasona/posts /
https://www.facebook.com / tineweeny/posts/399401 4
4544501332247768 430609859
Composite Volcano
Composite volcanoes or
stratovolcanoes are large, typically
steepsided, symmetrical cones of
large dimension formed from
alternating layers of lava flows,
volcanic ash, cinders, blocks, and
pyroclastic materials. One
important feature of a composite
volcanoes is the conduit system
from which magma rises to the
surface of the Earth. They are
Figure5. Composite Volcano
Illustrated by: Ellissa Christie Kaye L. Murillo formed from viscous, or sticky, lava
that does not flow easily. The lava
builds up around the vent forming a
volcano with steep sides. Some famous composite volcanoes in the
Philippines are Mount Mayon in Albay,
Mount Arayat in Pampanga, Mount Kanlaon
10
in Negros Island, and Mount Apo in Davao Region. An example of these outside the
Philippines are Mount Rainier in Washington, USA, and Mount Fuji in Japan.
Figure 5.1 Mount Mayon Figure 5.2Mount Arayat

Mervs, “view from camalig, albay”, December 16, 2017, Shioa n , “Mount Arayat”, July 31 , 2010 ,
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mayon_Philippines.jp g https:/ / commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mt_Arayat.JP G
Figure5.3MountKanlaon Figure5.4 Mount Apo

Murcia Eslana Pedrosa, “Mount Kanlaon”, April 04, Kleomarl o, “Mount Apo”, March 20 , 2008 ,
2021 , https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mount_Apo.JP G
https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=187450432
6049736 &set=a.1864279890405513&type =3
Figure 5.4. Mount Rainier

Stan Shebs, “Mount Rainier”, July 2005,
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mount_Rainer
_from_west.jp g i
Shield Volcano
Figure 5.5. Mount Fuji

名古屋太郎( Nagoya Taro), “Mount Fuji”, January 3, 2008,
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:080103_hakkai
_fuji.jpg
Shield volcanoes are large, broad volcanoes

Figure 6. Shield Volcano that look similar to shields from above – hence
the name. These volcanoes are built almost
entirely of fluid lava flow thus these volcanoes
are not steep. They can be easily identified
because they are tall and broad, with flat,
11
rounded shapes. The lava is not
accompanied by pyroclastic
materials, which makes shield
volcanoes relatively safe.
Eruptions at shield volcanoes are
only explosive if water somehow
gets into the vent. Mauna Loa is
one of the largest shield
volcanoes. Figure 6.1 Mount Mauna Loa
Nula 666, “ Mount Mauna Loa”, September 13, 2010,
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mauna_Kea_
from_Mauna_Loa_Observatory,_Hawaii_-_20100913.jpg
Types of Volcanoes Based on Activity
Another way of classifying volcanoes according to the Philippine Institute of

Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) is based on their activity as indicated by
their behavior and historical records.
 Active volcanoes are those volcanoes that have had at least one eruption
during the past 10,000 years. They are those that erupted recently and still
showing regular activity like emission of gases, lava and ash flows.
 Inactive volcanoes, on the other hand, are those that have not erupted for
the last 10,000 years and is not expected to erupt again in a comparable
time scale of the future. There are no signs of volcanic activity for a long
period of time because magma supply is cut off. Also the physical form of
the volcano has signs of intensive weathering and erosion
 Potentially active volcanoes are those that have no records of volcanic
activity but are morphologically young-looking.
Our country has more than a hundred volcanoes. Twenty four (24) are active while
the rest are either potentially active or inactive volcanoes. Below are some
examples of active volcanoes.
Figure 7. Mount Banahaw Figure7.1. Mount Hibok hibok

Klienneeco,” Figure 7.2. Mount
Mount Banahaw”, Kanlaon
December 29, 2019, rrtraveler, “Mount Hibok hibok”, January 08, 2007,
Murcia Eslana Pedrosa, “Mount Kanlaon”, April 04, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mount_Hibo
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bundok_Ban
2021, ahaw.jpg k_Hibok.jpg
https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=187450432
6049736&set=a.1864279890405513&type=3
Figure 7.3. Mount Apo

Long Henson,”Mount Apo”, June 4, 2018, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mt_Apo_Twi n_Peaks.jpg
12
Types of Volcanic Eruptions
Different types of volcanoes erupt differently. They are generally classified

as wet or dry depending on the magma’s water content. Volcanoes are described
according to the style of eruption as follows:
 Phreatic or hydrothermal is a stream-driven eruption as the hot rocks

come in contact with water. It is short lived, characterized by ash
columns but may be a beginning of a larger eruption.
Figure 8. Hydrothermal eruptions

James https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Steamboat_Geyser_major_eruptionSt. John, “Steamboat Geyser”, June
4, 2018_,
-_steam_phase_(9_36_AM-onward,_4_June_2018)_42_(42502112674).jpg
 Phreatomagmatic is a violent eruption due to the contact between

water and magma. As a result, a large column of very fine ash and high-
speed and sideway emission of pyroclastic materials called base surges
are observed.
Figure 8.1 Phreatomagmatic eruption

Nino Luces, “ Mayon Volcano ( Phreatomagmatic eruption )”, January 23, 2018,
https://www.facebook.com/manilabulletin/photos/bc.AboPkbQG8CA7onM7ICbmVpa_lm
9-xmphGqvtkEgwp6juGL4vVipaAc2yl59b51wvSgjzBOSbCoOM6D6PVyM_LzOFnUf1GM -
Dyq90ceckWzSsh9nALXOg44k53i
 Strombolian a periodic, weak to violent eruption characterized by

fountain lava, just like the Irazu Volcano in Costa Rica.
13
Figure 8.2. Strombolian eruption
Kevin Sebold, “Strombolian eruption”, March 30, 2013,
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fuego_Erupt
ion.jpg
 Vulcanian is characterized by tall eruption columns that reach up to 20

km high with pyroclastic flow and ash fall tephra like that of Paricutin
Volcano in Mexico.
14
Figure 8.3. Vulcanian eruption
Hernando Alonso Rivera Cervantes, “ Vulcanian Eruption”, March 6, 2017,
https://www.facebook.com/photo?fbid=646202392257181&set=bc.AbqTqUTdBOJBCxPig6pD2SgNGgxeK
RKU3SDFvLEUw9plBOF eCmadi-ObFPFnS0-TN4JvMBoT4tiRaMWNeXOKolk55V&opaqueCursor=AbpWnAsr-
I89mWl8a0_xZ03MfCGJtRItRPlJisd94sEdufhjOy2 -B1bM3M0LUbZxjGg1-D-g9KgBTaWwd-M-
CnLBuROYDcJd0B2AoT_vDjBSD7hCD05k4oIni vditpgSOHwk60vQts3Y69IXbevkkhWsLYNqwTxXZBKarC53rRdqQvK4fBAXnG_lZJ9NXFS h- 7-
 Plinian is excessively explosive type of eruption of gas and pyroclastic

materials, like in Pinatubo Volcano in Zambales.
Figure 8.4. Plinian eruption

welcomegallery,”Mount Vesuvius”, March 31, 2018,
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mount_Vesuvius;_interior_of_the_crate _showing_the_flow_of_l_Wellcome_V0025259.jpg
r
Signs of an Impending Volcanic Eruption
Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) is the

government agency tasked with monitoring earthquakes and volcanoes in the
country. Based on their findings, here are the commonly observed signs when a
volcano is about to erupt.
15
Kevin Sebold, “Strombolian eruption”, March 30, 2013 , https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fuego_Eruption.jp g
What’s More
ACTIVITY 1: NAME MY PARTS
Label the parts of a volcano using the words inside the box and fill out the given
table with their correct descriptions. Write your answers on a separate sheet of
paper.
Magma Chamber magma Crater
Lava Main Vent Secondary Vent Ash and Gas Cloud

layers of lava and ash
16
Figure 9. Parts of a Volcano
No. Parts Description

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
ACTIVITY 2: WRITE MY TYPE
Identify the type of volcano (CINDER CONE, SHIELD VOLCANO, COMPOSITE

VOLCANO) as described by the following statements. Write your answers on a
1. It is the most abundant and the simplest type of volcano.

2. It is built almost entirely of fluid lava flows.
3. It is slightly domed structure that resembles a warrior’s shield.
4. Mayon Volcano is an example of this type of volcano.
5. It has a steep slope and wide crater.
6. It is built from ejected lava fragments.
7. It has a nearly perfect sloped structure.
8. An example of this type of volcano is the Taal Volcano in Batangas.
9. It is formed from alternate solidification of both lava and pyroclastic deposits.
10. It can easily be identified because of its structure which is tall and broad
with flat rounded shape.
17
ACTIVITY 3: ACTIVE OR INACTIVE?
Refer to the given map below to identify the following volcanoes in the Philippines
whether ACTIVE or INACTIVE. Explain your answer and write them on a separate
sheet of paper.
Figure 10. Active and Inactive Volcanoes in the Philippines

Earth shaker, “Active and Inactive Volcanoes in the Philippines”, January 20, 2020,
https://web.facebook.com/earthshakerph/posts/volcanoes-in-the-philippinesas-a-geologically-active-archipelago-that-islocated/
2673344532719667/?_rdc=1&_rdr
18
1. Smith Volcano, also known as Mount Babuyan, is a cinder cone on
Babuyan Island, the northern most of the Babuyan group of islands on
Luzon Strait, north of the main island of Luzon in the Philippines. Answer.
___________________
2. Mount Matutum can be found in Acmonan, Tupi South Cotabato,
Philippines. Matutum and its foothills are predominantly inhibited by
indigenous Blaan families. Answer. ____________________
3. Mount Makaturing is a stratovolcano on Mindanao Island in the

Philippines. It is found in the province of Lanao del Sur in the Bangsamoro
autonomous region in Muslim Mindanao. Answer. ____________________
4. Mount Kalatungan is a volcanic mountain located in the province of

Bukidnon in the Southern Philippines. Answer. ____________________
5. Mount Alu is located on the eastern tip of island town in Lugus in the
province of Sulu in the Southernmost Philippines. Answer.
____________________
ACTIVITY 4: THE GREAT IMPACT
Write TRUE on the space provided if the statement is correct and FALSE if
incorrect. On the last column, write a short explanation if your answer false.
Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
STATEMENTS TRUE EXPLANATION

or
FALSE
1. Inactive volcanoes are those volcanoes that has

had at least one eruption during the past 10,000
years.
2. Mount Mayon is an example of a shield volcano.
3. Magma is a molten rock which give off onto the

surface of the Earth when a volcano erupts.
4. The term volcano refers to a mountain or hill.
5. Cinder cone volcanoes are a large, typically

steepsided volcano.
6. Slope is the highest point of the apex of the
volcano.
7. Plinian eruption is a periodic, weak to violent
eruption characterized by fountain lava.
8. Cinder cone volcanoes are the simplest type of
volcanoes.
9. Base is the lower part of volcano.
19
10. Mauna Loa is the largest shield volcano.
What I Have Learned
Write the word/s that correctly complete the statement. Write your answer on a
1. __________ is a natural opening in the surface of the Earth where molten

rocks, hot gases, smoke, and ash are ejected
2. Major parts of volcanoes are: __________, the highest point; __________ the
side; and __________ the lower part of the volcano.
3. Volcanoes are classified as _________ or __________ based on their records

of eruption.
4. According to structure of volcanoes are classified as __________, __________,

and __________.
5. __________ are those volcanoes that has had at least one eruption during the
last 10,000 years and _____________ are volcanoes that have not erupted for
the last 10,000 years and is not expected to erupt again in a comparable
time scale of the future.
6. Volcanoes that are large, broad and look like shield from the above are
called __________, those with steep slope and wide are called ________ and
those typically steep-sided and symmetrical cones of large dimension are
called __________.
7. Mayon Volcano, Taal Volcano, Mount Kanlaon, Bulusan Volcano and Mount
Pinatubo are examples of _______ volcanoes because they erupted just
recently and more frequently than others.
8. Examples of inactive volcanoes in the Philippine are __________ and ______.
9. The following are the types of volcanic eruption: __________, __________,

__________, __________, and __________.
10. There are observable signs of impending volcanic eruption.

______________________, _______________________ and ______________________
are examples of these signs.
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What I Can Do
Create an advocacy material or activity (flyer, jingle, poem composition, advocacy

video, etc.) on raising awareness about the signs of an impending volcanic
eruption. Your work/performance will be rated using the given rubric.
Description
Criteria
4 3 2 1
All information Most of the Some Only few of
presented are information information the
Accuracy of
complete and presented are presented are information is
the content
reliable. complete and complete and correct.
reliable. reliable.
It shows It shows It shows No originality
Originality
originality and originality and creativeness. and no
and creativity
creativity. no creativity. creativity.
The message The message The message is No message
Clarity of the
conveyed is conveyed is conveyed is conveyed.
message
very clear. clear. not clear.
Assessment
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
1. Which statement is INCORRECT?

A. Volcanoes give information about inner Earth.
B. Volcanoes can be found on land and ocean floor.
C. Volcanoes show precursory signs before eruption.
D. Volcanoes that do not produce lava is not dangerous.
2. Which of the following CORRECTLY describes the main vent of the volcano?
A. It is the part where magma is stored.
B. It is the central tube-like structure of the volcano.
C. It is the smaller outlet through which magma is ejected.
D. It is the channel through which magma travels to the surface of the
Earth.
21
For questions 3-5, refer to Figure 1.1 (Parts of a volcano)
3. Which of these is CORRECTLY matched?

A. 1: magma flow
B. 2: magma chamber
C. 3: slope
D. 4: lava
4. What part of the volcano serves as the region under the surface of the Earth
where hot molten magma is collected?
A. lava flow
B. main vent
C. secondary vent
D. magma chamber
5. What is the term used to represent the opening of the volcano where magma
comes out?
A. chamber
B. crater
C. summit
D. vent
6. What type of volcanoes are formed from viscous or sticky lava that does not
flow easily?
A. cinder cones
B. composite volcanoes
C. lava domes
D. shield volcanoes
7. Which of the following is TRUE about cinder cone?

A. It is built from particles and blobs of solidified lava ejected from a single
vent.
B. Lava coming out from this volcano is not accompanied by pyroclastic
materials.
C. Lava blown out from this volcano breaks into small fragments solidify
and fell as cinder around the vent.
22
D. It is formed from viscous magma being erupted effusively onto the
surface and then piling up around the vent.
8. Which type of volcanoes have broad bases and steep slopes and are formed
by alternating layers of lava flows, volcanic ash, cinders, blocks and
pyroclastic materials?
A. cinder cones
B. composite volcanoes
C. lava domes
D. shield volcanoes
9. What is the basis of classifying volcanoes as active or inactive?
A. size of the base
B. shape of the cone
C. age of the volcano
D. records of eruption
10. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?
A. Active volcanoes do not have magma supply while inactive volcanoes
have magma supply.
B. Active volcanoes exhibit volcanic activity within the last 10 000 years
while inactive volcanoes have no record of eruption.
C. Inactive volcanoes are those that erupted recently and showing regular
activity while active volcanoes exhibit no sign of volcanic activity.
D. Inactive volcanoes exhibit sign of emissions of molten materials and
gases while active volcanoes show no sign of emission
11. Which are considered active volcanoes in the Philippines?
I. Mayon Albay III. Kanlaon in Negros Island
II. Calayan in Cagayan IV. Hibok-hibok in Camiguin
A. I and II only
B. I, II, and III only
C. I, II, and IV only
D. I, III, and IV only
12. The eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines on June 15, 1991, was
the second largest of the 20th century. Its eruption was characterized as an
excessively explosive type of eruption of gas and pyroclastic. Which type of
the eruption is this?
A. Phreatic
B. Phreatomagmatic
C. Plinian
D. Strombolian
13. Which of these is TRUE for a Phreatomagmatic eruption?
A. It is a silent eruption due to oozing lava
B. Its eruption is characterized by fountain lava.
C. Its eruption has resulted to sideway emission of pyroclastic.
D. It is a short-lived eruption and maybe an onset of a major eruption.
14. What is the most important sign of an impending volcanic eruption which is
also referred as seismic activity?
A. crater glow
B. ground swell
C. volcanic tremor
D. dried vegetation
23
15. Which of these is NOT a sign of a forthcoming volcanic eruption?
A. crater glow
B. volcanic tremors
C. drying up of vegetation
D. increased amount of rainfall
Additional Activities
CONCEPT MAPPING
Construct a concept map about volcano using the term/phrases found inside the
box. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
cinder cone active composite
inactive shield volcano
crater glow volcanic tremor ground swelling
drying up vegetation increased steaming activity
24
References
Book
Alvarez, Liza A., Dave G. Angeles, Hernan L. Apurada, Ma. Pilar P. Carmona, Oliver
A. Lahorra, Judith F. Marcaida, Ma. Regaele A. Olarte, Estrella C. Osorio, Digna C.
Paningbatan, Marivic S. Rosales, and Ma. Teresa B. Delos Santos. Science - Grade
9 Learner’s Module. Pasig City: Department of Education, 2017.
Tabligan, Merry Chris T. Science 9 - Earth Science Progressive Questions. Division of

Malabon City, 2019.
Website
“Common Misconceptions about Weathering, Erosion, Volcanoes, and
Earthquakes” accessed January 11, 2021.
https://beyondpenguins.ehe.osu.edu/issue/earths-changingsurface/common
-misconceptions-about-weathering-erosion-volcanoes-andearthquakes?
“Introduction to Volcanoes” Department of Science and Technology- PHIVOLCS

accessed January 10, 2021.
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ofthe-philippines
“Principal Types of Volcanoes” U.S. Geological Survey accessed January 10, 2021
https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/volc/types.html
“What are the Different Types of Volcanoes?” - Universe Today accessed January 9,
2021. https://www.universetoday.com/27333/types-of-volcanoes/
Image Sources:
“Map of Active and Potentially Active Volcanoes of the Philippines” Department of
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https://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/vault/images/volcano/volcanoes-of-the-
philippines-updated2016_png.png
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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Volcanic_Cinder_Cone_-_panoramio.jpg
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2021
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bulusan_Volcano_Natural_Park.jpg
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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mayon_Volcano_-_panoramio_(1).jpg
“Smith Volcano” Wikimedia Commons accessed January12, 2021

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Smith_Volcano_1.jpg
25
“Mount Arayat” Wikimedia Commons accessed January12, 2021
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mt_Arayat_from_north.JPG
“Mount Mayon” Wikimedia Commons accessed March 4, 2021

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mayon_Philippines.jpg
“Mount Pinatubo” Wikimedia Commons accessed March 4, 2021

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mount_Pinatubo_20081229_01.jpg
“Taal Volcano” Wikimedia Commons accessed March 4, 2021

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Volcanic_Cone_in_Taal_Lake_in_the_Phi
lippines_-_2010-05-15.jpg
“Mount Apo” Wikimedia Commons accessed March 4, 2021

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mount_apo.jpg
“Mount Makiling” Wikimedia Commons accessed March 4, 2021

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mount_Makiling_in_Los_Banos.jpg
“Mount Babuyan” Ms. Tintin Conselo April 08, 2021

https://www.facebook.com/tineweeny/posts/3994014430609859
“Mount Musuan” Wikimedia Commons accessed March 4, 2021

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mount_musuan.JPG
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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mt_Arayat.JPG

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mount_Apo.JPG
“Mount Rainier” Wikimedia Commons accessed March 4, 2021

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mount_Rainier_from_west.jpg
“Mount Fuji” Wikimedia Commons accessed March 4, 2021

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:080103_hakkai_fuji.jpg
“Mount Mauna Loa” Wikimedia Commons accessed March 4, 2021

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mauna_Kea_from_Mauna_Loa_Observat
ory,_Hawaii_-_20100913.jpg
“Mount Banahaw” Wikimedia Commons accessed March 4, 2021

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bundok_Banahaw.jpg
“Mount Hibok hibok” Wikimedia Commons accessed March 4, 2021

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mount_Hibok_Hibok.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mt_Apo_Twin_Peaks.jpg
26
“Strombolian eruption” Wikimedia Commons accessed March 4, 2021
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fuego_Eruption.jpg
“Mount Kanlaon” own image by Miss Murcia Eslana Pedrosa accessed April 04,
2021 https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?
fbid=1874504326049736&set=a.18642798
90405513&type=3
“Vulcanian eruption” own image by Mr. Hernando Alonso Rivera Cervantes

accessed
April 08, 2021
https://www.facebook.com/manilabulletin/photos/bc.AbrUOoLoCD4NyjHyokN7k
NwBkiepcMY1DmWDfImKzZ19DAkNZR -
dblhYNnKautPeGoKzMKSE2Q4aEz2hq9sUIFeBQ0jFTHZIDyq11RTQ3KxZCcklk9WV
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TgL-8DVuDnc-ajxc06T_q1Q1nhA0HO8Vw_CgXCxRXd3MpmKwP0HPWvABj4 -
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A4B4hDwl3niug37rVQivhrSQwwWbT0Jvu66FXrc1RMdqPqScEoe2UicauVByEU5qp
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“Mount Mayabobo” own image by Jayjay Tarasona accessed April 09, 2021
https://www.facebook.com/ram.comiatarasona/posts/4544501332247768
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09, 2021
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27
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28
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
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Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex Meralco

Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600
Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

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Science

Quarter 3 – EARTH & SPACE

Published by the Department of Education

Development Team of the Module

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – National Capital Region

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each

The module focuses on achieving this learning competency:

Describe the different types of volcanoes and volcanic eruption.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. describe the structure of a volcano;

1. Which of the following BEST describes a volcano?

2. Which of the following statements about volcanoes is TRUE? A. Volcanic

For questions 3-5, refer to Figure 1 (Parts of a volcano)

Figure 1. Parts of a Volcano

3. Which part represents the magma chamber?

4. What part of the volcano is represented by Part 1?

8. Which of the following CORRECTLY describes the composition and formation

9. Volcanoes are classified as active or inactive. Which of the following is used to

13. Taal volcano in Batangas exhibits phreatic or hydrothermal eruption. Which of

14. Which of the following is a sign of an impending volcanic eruption?

15. Which of these is NOT a sign of impending volcanic eruption?

1. What is the structure of a volcano?

TRAVEL THE PHILIPPINES:

Figure 2.3. Mount Pinatubo Figure 2.4. Mount Mayon

1. Which of these volcanoes is/are present in your community or region?

The term “volcano” refers to mountain or hill, typically conical, having a

The Parts of a Volcano are:

Other Geologic features of a volcano:

 Magma Chamber is a region beneath the vent of a volcano where molten

 Conduit is an underground central tube-like or pipe-like structure of a

 Side Vent is a smaller outlet through which magma escapes.

 Crater is the mouth of the volcano which is a funnel-shaped or

Types of Volcanoes Based on Structure

Cinder Cone Volcano

Figure 4Cinder Cone Volcano

Cinder cone volcanoes are the simplest type

Figure 4.1 Mount Babuyan

Figure 4.2 Taal Volcano

Figure 4.3 Mount Mayabobo Figure 4.4 Mount Babuyan

Figure 5.1 Mount Mayon Figure 5.2Mount Arayat

Figure5.3MountKanlaon Figure5.4 Mount Apo

Figure 5.4. Mount Rainier

Figure 5.5. Mount Fuji

Shield volcanoes are large, broad volcanoes

Types of Volcanoes Based on Activity

Another way of classifying volcanoes according to the Philippine Institute of

Figure 7. Mount Banahaw Figure7.1. Mount Hibok hibok

Figure 7.3. Mount Apo

Different types of volcanoes erupt differently. They are generally classified

 Phreatic or hydrothermal is a stream-driven eruption as the hot rocks

Figure 8. Hydrothermal eruptions

 Phreatomagmatic is a violent eruption due to the contact between

Figure 8.1 Phreatomagmatic eruption

 Strombolian a periodic, weak to violent eruption characterized by

 Vulcanian is characterized by tall eruption columns that reach up to 20

 Plinian is excessively explosive type of eruption of gas and pyroclastic

Figure 8.4. Plinian eruption

3. Volcanoes are classified as _ or __ based on their records

4. According to structure of volcanoes are classified as , ,

8. Examples of inactive volcanoes in the Philippine are ____ and .

9. The following are the types of volcanic eruption: , ,