Equation of CirClE

Form 5
Vol 6
Part 2 – Condition of equation of circle

14. Let x2 + y 2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0 be the equation of circle.

4 + 2 E + F = 0

36 + 6 D + F = 0
164 + 8D + 10 E + F = 0


−F − 4 − F − 36
From (1) and (2), we have E = and D =
2 6
F + 36 F +4
164 − 8( ) − 10( )+F =0
6 2
F + 36
 164 − 4( ) − 5( F + 4) + F = 0
3
492 − 4 F − 144 − 15 F − 60 + 3F = 0
F = 18
 E = −11, D = −9

Equation of circle: x2 + y 2 − 9 x −11y + 18 = 0

15. Let x2 + y 2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0 be the equation of circle.

13 − 3D + 2 E + F = 0

29 + 2 D + 5E + F = 0
52 + 4 D − 6 E + F = 0


(2) – (1), we have 5D + 3E = −16

(3) – (2), we have 2D − 11E = −23
245 83 1694
By solving, D = − ,E = F = −
61 61 61
Equation of circle:
245 83 1694
x2 + y 2 − x+ y− =0
61 61 61
61x 2 + 61y 2 − 245 x + 83 y − 1694 = 0

1
 0+8
16. (a) Slope of OQ = = −2
1− 5
−6 + 8 1
Slope of QR = =
9−5 2
1
(−2)( ) = −1
2
OQ ⊥ QR
 1+ 9 0 − 6 
(b) Centre =  ,  = (5, −3)
 2 2 

Radius = (1 − 5) 2 + (0 + 3) 2 = 5

Equation of the circle: ( x − 5)2 + ( y + 3)2 = 52

17. (a) P = (−3, −2)

2+2 3
Slope of DB = (−1)  ( )=
−6 + 3 4
Equation of DB:
y−2 3
=
x+6 4
3 x − 4 y + 26 = 0
1+ 2 4
Slope of AD = (−1)  ( )=−
1+ 3 3
Equation of AD:
y −1 4
=−
x −1 3
4x + 3 y − 7 = 0
3x − 4 y + 26 = 0

 4x + 3y − 7 = 0
By solving, x = −2, y = 5
 D = (−2,5)

2
 (b) (i) PBD = PAD = 90
PBD + PAD = 180
 A, P, B, D are concyclic
 −2 − 3 5 − 2   5 3 
(ii) Centre =  ,  = − , 
 2 2   2 2
1 1 5 2
Radius = DP = (−2 + 3) 2 + (5 + 2) 2 =
2 2 2
Equation of circle:
5 3 25
( x + )2 + ( y − )2 =
2 2 2
25 9 25
x2 + 5x + + y 2 − 3 y + =
4 4 2
x + y + 5x − 3 y − 4 = 0
2 2

Part 3 – Intersection of straight line and circle

 y = 2x − 5
7.  2
 x + y = 10
2

x 2 + (2 x − 5) 2 = 10
5 x 2 − 20 x + 15 = 0
x = 3 or x = 1
When x = 3, y = 1 ; when x = 1, y = −3
 (3,1),(1, −3)

 y = 4x −1
9.  2
x + y + 9x + 4 y + 3 = 0
2

x 2 + (4 x − 1) 2 + 9 x + 4(4 x − 1) + 3 = 0
17 x 2 + 17 x = 0
x = 0 or x = −1
When x = 0, y = −1 ; x = −1, y = −5
(0, −1),(−1, −5)

3
12. A
 4 x − 54
 y=
 3

 x + y − 10 x + 16 y − (2k + 49) = 0
2 2

 4 x − 54   4 x − 54 
2

x2 +   − 10 x + 16   − (2k + 49) = 0
 3   3 
25 2 110
x − x − (2k + 13) = 0
9 3
=0
2
 110   25 
  + 4   (2k + 3) = 0
 3   9 
k = −67

 y = 6x + k
13.  2
x + y − 6x + 2 y − 7 = 0
2

x 2 + (6 x + k ) 2 − 6 x + 2(6 x + k ) − 7 = 0
37 x 2 + (12k + 6) x + (k 2 + 2k − 7) = 0
0
(12k + 6) − 4(37)(k + 2k − 7)  0
2 2

144k + 144k + 36 − 148k 2 − 296k + 1036  0

2

4k 2 + 152k − 1072  0
−44.1  k  6.08

14. (a) y = mx
 y = mx
(b)  2
x + y + 6x − 2 y + 5 = 0
2

x 2 + (mx)2 + 6 x − 2(mx) + 5 = 0
(1 + m2 ) x 2 + (6 − 2m) x + 5 = 0

=0
(6 − 2m) 2 − 4(1 + m 2 )(5) = 0
−16m 2 − 24m + 16 = 0
1
m = −2 or m =
2