SEMI-DETAILED LESSON PLAN

I. Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to:

1. discover the Elements of the Story;

2. describe the components of Elements of the Story; and
3. create a short story applying the Elements of the Story.

II. Subject Matter

Topic: Elements of the Story
Grade Year Level: 8th Grade of Highschool
Materials: Powerpoint presentation, laptop, cellphone, and
paper and pencil
References:
• https://shorturl.at/kEHJ1
• https://literarydevices.net/plot/
• https://blog.reedsy.com/guide/theme/
• https://shorturl.at/bcefS
• https://bit.ly/43b8NUx
• https://shorturl.at/cquFK

III. Lesson Proper

• Activity
The teacher will let the students identify the picture presented and
select the correct answer within the four boxes of choices provided.

Peace Conflict War Thunder

https://shorturl.at/uAKU4

Characters Villains Protagonist Settings

https://shorturl.at/agnHV

Poem Song Characters Story

https://shorturl.at/gqCO0

• Analysis
In light of the activity, the teacher will ask the students
what they learned. The questions to be asked are:
 ➢ What do you think will be our topic today?
➢ From all the pictures I gave to you, what comes to your
mind about the characters and conflict?
➢ What do you think will be the impact of the characters and
conflict in a story?

• Abstraction
The teacher will have an in-depth discussion about the
lesson using a PowerPoint presentation.
A story is a genuine or fictitious story spoken in prose or verse with the intention
of entertaining, enlightening, or otherwise influencing the listener or reader; tale.
a fictional story that is shorter and simpler than a novel (Story Definition &
Meaning | Dictionary.com, 2023)

Elements of the Story

1. Plot = A plot is a series of events and character actions that relate to the
central conflict. Writers use the plot to map out their story before beginning
their writing process.

Elements of a Plot
a. Conflict - This is the central problem or issue that the protagonist faces, which
creates tension and drives the story forward. Conflict usually takes three (3) basic
forms: man versus man, man versus nature or environment, man versus society,
and man versus himself.
b. Exposition - This refers to the introduction of the main characters, setting, and
background information necessary to understand the story.
c. Complication - This is the point in the story where the conflict becomes more
complex or difficult for the protagonist, often due to new obstacles or challenges.
d. Climax/Crisis - The crisis is the moment of conflict’s greatest tension or
danger, usually that point at which opposing forces interlock or reach a standstill.
Climax and crisis can be the same.
f. Dénouement/Resolution - This is the conclusion of the story. Denouement or
resolution means, the "untying"; it occurs in a plot after the crisis. At this point, the
conflict between opposing forces is settled, the loose ends are tied up, and the action
is brought to a close.
 2. Character = A person in prose or drama; occasionally, it is an animal or
object given human attributes. Writers use characters to perform the actions
and speak dialogue, moving the story along a plot line.

Nature of Characters
a. Antagonist/Villain - The force that opposes the protagonist. A complex of many
forces that work against the protagonist internally or externally.
b. Anti-hero - A main character who is less sophisticated, savory, or admirable than
a traditional hero, and is usually designed to undermine our expectations about
heroes.
c. Protagonist/Hero - The chief figure in a narrative work who struggles against
opposing forces, which are often personified by an antagonist. He or she is generally
the hero or heroine and is very well-developed, complex, and relatable. This is the
character that the plot builds around.

3. Setting = The physical location and the specific time or historical period in
which an action occurs; it can also be the psychological and the social
environment of a narrative. Setting is neither passive nor arbitrary, it should
underscore, heighten, and intensify the narrative itself.

Three Types of Setting

➢ Backdrop Setting = Simple and hazy time and place.
➢ Temporal Setting = Concentrate on the setting's time.
➢ Environmental Setting = Emphasize the location of an area.

4. Point of View = the perspective or angle from which a writer presents a

story and makes the characters, setting, and events clear.
Types of Point of View:
➢ First-Person Point of View - One of the characters in the story
narrates the events.
➢ Limited Subjective Point of View - (often called the Limited
Omniscient) An author tells the story from the perspective of a single
character only, using the third person to describe action and dialog
but freely telling the reader what the central character feels and
thinks.
➢ Objective Point of View - An author records in the third person only
the actions and dialog of his characters, not attempting to reveal or
interpret their inner thoughts and feelings. It also suggests that the
reader is over-hearing and observing the things happening and the
behavior of characters as if seeing them acting out on a stage.
➢ Omniscient Point of View - The most common and conventional of
the third person perspectives in which an author is literally "all-
knowing," placing himself at some distance from events and freely
interpreting and commenting on the thoughts, feelings, and behavior
of the characters.
 5. Theme = The central idea or the understanding around which a story is
constructed. A story's theme can be thought of as its main notion—the idea
that drives the story's plot. The theme can be a clear message or it can be
an abstract concept, such as love, grief, or betrayal.

• Application
After the discussion, the teacher will have an
assessment of a 5-item modified True or False to test the
knowledge of the students that is related to the Elements of the
Story.
Direction: In the space provided write True if the statement is correct.
Write False if the statement is wrong and underline the word that makes it
false. (2 points each).

__________ 1. The Element of the Story is composed of six (6) elements.

__________ 2. A protagonist is a type of character in a narrative work who
struggles against opposing forces. It is very well-developed, complex, and
relatable to the audience's experiences.
__________ 3. The plot is a series of events and character actions that
relate to the central conflict. Writers use the plot to map out their story before
beginning their writing process. It includes the conflict, exposition,
complication, climax/crisis, and the resolution of the story.
__________ 4. Poetry is spoken in prose or verse with the intention of
entertaining, enlightening, or otherwise influencing the listener or reader;
tale.
__________ 5. The Omniscient Point of View is often called the Limited
Omniscient. The author tells the story from the perspective of a single
character only, using the third person to describe action and dialog but freely
telling the reader what the central character feels and thinks.

IV. Evaluation
The teacher will group the students into 3 minimum to 5 maximum
members to create a short story that includes the elements of the story
such as the plot, setting, character, point of view, and theme. After, the
teacher will choose one representative from each group to come in front
to present their stories.

Prepared By:
Guibao, Nica Jayne L.