Quiz in Language, Culture and Society (week 9-10)

Multiple choice: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. He is a Danish Linguist and a foremost authority on English grammar who helped to revolutionize language
teaching in Europe.
a. Steven Mithen c. Otto Jespersen
b. Edward Saphir d. None of the above
c.
2. A theory that maintains speech arose in response to the essential qualities of objects in the environment.
a. La-La Theory c. Bow-Wow Theory
b. Ding-Dong Theory d. Sing-Song Theory

3. They are acknowledged founding fathers of two research fields known respectively as Biosemiotics and
Biolinguistics
.
a. Ferdinand de Saussure & Edward Sapir c. Thomas Sebeok & Noam Chomsky
b. Robert Phillipson & Laurel J. Brinton d. Roman Jakobson & Edward Sapir
4. A professor of archeology in the University of Reading who described Jespersen as one of the greatest
language scholars of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

a. Steven Mithen c. Otto Jespersen

b. Edward Sapir d. None of the above
5. A theory that is a more instinctive version of Bow-wow. This theory claimed that speech developed from the
instinctive sounds people make in emotional circumstances.

a. Pooh-Pooh Theory c. Ding-Dong Theory

b. La-La Theory d. Sing-Song Theory

6. Born in Poland, he is the first founder of the Linguistic Relativity Hypothesis.

a. Noam Chomsky c. Edward Sapir
b. Jean Piaget d. Benjamin Lee Whorf

7. What does Homo sapiens mean?

a. Wild animals c. a and b
b. Linguist d. None of the above

8. It suggests that the evolution of sounds involves a connection between physical gestures and orally
produced sounds a set of physical gestures was developed as a mean of communication, then a set of oral
gestures, specifically moving mouth, developed in which the movement of tongue, lips, and so on were
recognized according to patterns of movements similar to physical gestures.

a. Linguistics Theory c. Bow-Wow Theory

b. Oral Gesture Theory d. Nativist Theory

9. These philosophers formulated the idea that the language system shapes the thinking of its speakers.
A. Steven Mithen and Otto Jespersen
B. David Crystal and Randolf Quirk
C. Johann Gottfried Herder and Wilhelm von Humboldt
D. Eric Vatikiotis-Bateson and Lev Vygotsky

10. The following states Sapir’s linguistic relativity hypothesis, EXCEPT:

A. The language we speak and think shapes the way we perceive the world.
B. The language reflects reality and shapes it to a large extent.
C. The existence of the various language systems implies that the people who think in these different
languages must perceive the world differently.
D. There is a close relationship between language and culture so that the one cannot be understood and
appreciated without knowledge of the other.
E.
11. The following are the major contributors to ethnopoetic theory, EXCEPT:
a. John Searle c. Jerome Rothenberg
b. Dennis Tedlock d. Dell Hyme
12. What is the mental concept associated with a sign?
a. Sign c. Signified
b. Signifier d. Semiotics
c.
13. He argues that language is an instrument of communication using signs in culture to communicate
meaning.
a. Ferdinand de Saussure c. Max Muller
b. Charles Sanders Peirce d. Otto Jespersen
c.
14. According to Bernard Bloch and George L. Trager, "Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols by
which a social group divides."
A. True
B. False
C. Maybe
D. At some point

15. It is a verse from the book of Genesis wherein God gave Adam the power to name everything that he sees.
A. Genesis 11:6
B. Genesis 3:11
C. Genesis 2:19
D. Genesis 2:6

16. What characteristics of an icon say that the icon should be designed and drawn clearly and related to the
context or object?
A. Scalability
B. Color Schemes
C. Clarity
D. Consistency
E.
17. A phenomenon or circumstance accompanying something and serving as evidence.
A. Index
B. Icon
C. Signal
D. Symptom

18. What are the 4 Characteristics of an Icon?

A. Clarity, Consistency, Color, Scale
B. Clarity, Consistency, Scalability, Color Schemes
C. Clear, Consistency, Scheme, Scalability
D. None of the above

19. Consider words and phrases that indicate relationships between ideas.
A. Index
B. Icon
C. Signal
D. Symptom

20. Index is a list of data such as a group of files or database entries.

A. True
B. False
C. Uncertain
D. Maybe

Answer key:
1. C 11. A
2. B 12. C
3. C 13. A
4. A 14. B
5. A 15. C
6. C 16. C
7. D 17. D
8. B 18. B
9. C 19. C
10. B 20. A
Week 11-13 Language and History

DIRECTIONS: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Darwin started thinking about the origin of language in the late 1830s. The subject formed part of his
wide-ranging speculations about the transmutation of species.
A. Evolutionary or Darwinian
B. Old, Middle, Modern English
C. The English Language Family Tree
D. The Historical Development of Language (Evolutionary or Darwinian)

2. Between _________ a major change took place in English that resulted in

new phonemic representations of words and morphemes. This phonological restructuring is known as the
Great Vowel Shift.
A. 1300-1600
B. 1400-1600
C. 1500-1700
D. 1200-1400

3.__________ begat a whole glossary of metaphor and morality that still shapes the way English is spoken
today.
A. The King James
B. English and Empire
C. Shakespeare
D. The Norman Conquest

4. Who introduces the concept of the “sentence” as a combination of words that conveys a complete thought or
proposition.?
A. De Sausure
B. Aristotle
C. Lowth
D. Chomsky

5. This characterized by distinct influences and their resulting changes to the language’s vocabulary, syntax,
grammar, and pronunciation.
A. The historical Developmebt The English Language Family Tree
B. Language (Evolutionary or Darwinian)
C. Historical Development of English (from Anglo-Saxon to Global English)
D. Proto-Indo-european (PIE)

6. “A Short Introduction to English Grammar," a book by Robert Lowth was published in what year?
A. 1762
B. 1772
C. 1792
D. 1787

7. The history of the English language really started with the arrival of three Germanic tribes who invaded
Britain during the 5th century AD. These tribes, _____, _____ and _____ crossed the North Sea from what
today is Denmark and northern Germany.
A. Old, Middle and Modern
B. Angles, Saxons and Jutes
C. American, Internet and Global
D. Romance, Slavic and Celtic

8. When the lexicographers arrived, they set out to put an end to this anarchy by defining it as what occurs
when people spell words slightly differently from one another.
A. The King James Bible
B. Anglo-Saxon
C. The Norman Conquest
D. The Age of the Dictionary
9. From the noticeable changes that Franz Bopp became aware of, to the corroborated results conducted by
Rasmus Rask, this German Philologist made history by systematically making account of the correspondence
by means of rules of phonological change.
A. Jason Grimm
B. Jacob Grimm
C. Rick Grimes
D. James Grimm

10. It is the dialect, descended from Old English, that was spoken and recorded in England between the years
of around 1100 and about 1500. It is also the ancestor of Modern English.
A. Old English
B. Middle English
C. Modern English
D. Proto-Germanic

11. The following are the cycles of differences between the Germanic and Indo-European family of languages,
EXCEPT ONE.
A. IE aspirated voices became voiced plosives in Germanic (bh-b, dh-d)
B. IE voiced plosives became aspirated in Germanic (d-t, bh-b, p-f)
C. IE voiced plosives became voiceless plosives (b-p, d-t, g-k)
D. IE voiceless plosives became voiceless fricatives in Germanic (p-f, t-th, k-h)

12. Who made a significant contributions to the study of language, syntax, and the nature of human language?
A. Lowth
B. Aristotle
C. Chomsky
D. None of the above

13. With English making its name as the language of science, the bible and Shakespeare, Britain decided to
take it on tour, asking only for land, wealth, natural resources, total obedience to the crown and a few local
words in return.
A. The King James
B. The Norman Conquest
C. Shakespeare
D. English and Empire

14. From the history of transitions within the English language, _______ vowels of Middle English underwent
these changes.
A. Six
B. Seven
C. Eight
D. Nine

15. It is the name given to the way the English language is utilized nowadays.
A. Old English
B. Middle English
C. Modern English
D. Proto-Germanic

16. Jones is best known for his work in __________.

A. Phonology and Morphology
B. Grammar and syntax
C. Phonetics and Phonetic Transcription
D. All of the above

17. This belongs to the Indo-European language family, which includes languages spoken by over three billion.
A. The English Language Family Tree
B. The Historical Development of English (from Anglo-Saxon to Global English)
C. The English Language Family Tree
D. Old English, middle English and Modern English

18. What Is a Language Family?

A. Spoken in countries where English is the native language.
B. A long history filled with many factors that influenced its development.
C. Group of languages that share a common ancestor.
D. differ in pronunciation and vocabulary, but rarely in grammar.
19. Languages can be related in different ways. For instance, two languages might share the same root words
or grammar structures.
A. True
B. False
C. Maybe
D. Not at all

20. The _________ family is the largest of the 142 different language families in the world. It includes over 400
languages and dialects spoken by over three billion people.
A. The Norman Conquest
B. Slavic Language
C. Romance language
D. Indo-European language

Answer key:

1. D
2. B
3. A
4. B
5. C
6. A
7. B
8. D
9. B
10. B
11. B
12. C
13. D
14. B
15. C
16. C
17. A
18. C
19. A
20. D

WEEK 13-14: LANGUAGE AND SOCIETY

1) It refers to a variety of language that is a characteristic of a particular group of the language's

speakers.
A. Dialect B. Language C. Speech community

2) A group of people who share the same language, speech characteristics, and ways of interpreting
communication.
A. Jargon B. Language variation C. Speech community

3) It refers to regional, social, or contextual differences in the ways that a particular language is used.
A. Jargon B. Language variation C. Speech community

4) "All the people who use given language dialect is called speech community"
A. Lyons, 1970 B. Gumperz, 1971 C.Bloomfield, 1933

5) Language is larger than dialect.

A. True B. False C. Maybe

6. It is one of the five language register. It doesn't change and is often learned by rote.
a. Frozen Register b. Formal Register
c. Consultative Register d. Casual Register

7. The representation of men and women unequally, as if members of one sex were less completely
human and have fewer rights than members of the other sex.
a. Sexism language b. Sexist language
c. Sex language d. Sex and Gender
8. Resistance to language shift tends to last longer in __ areas than in ____ areas.
a. Urban, Rural b. Country, America
c. Rural, Urban d. None of the Above

9. Languages are considered "dead" when they simply have _____.

a. no more native speaker. b. more native speaker.
c. lots of native speaker. d no living person can speak that.

10. It is the process by which a speech community gradually shifts to a different language.
a. language register b. language shift
c. language death d. language extinction

11. Individuals from higher social classes typically have access to better educational opportunities,
including language learning resources.
a. True b. False c. Maybe

12. A group of people within a society who possess the same socioeconomic status.
a. ethnicity b. social status c. society

13. individuals with __ power may utilize politeness strategies to show deference or avoid direct
confrontation.
a. less b. strong c. none of the above

14. Who wrote the book "The Handbook of Sociolinguistics"?

a. Janet Holmes b. Victoria Fromkin c. Florian Coulmas

15. Language plays a crucial role in preserving and expressing cultural identity.
a. True b. False c. Maybe

II. Identify what’s being asked.

COLEHIALA ENGLISH

ACROLECT

JOLOGS

JEJEMON
BEKI LANGUAGE

Answer key:

1) A 11. A 16. colehiala English

2) C 12. B 17. acrolect
3) B 13. A 18. jologs
4) A 14. C 19. jejemon
5) A 15. A 20. bekilanguage
6A
7B
8C
9A
10 B
Week 16 - 17 The Ethnography and Ethnolinguistic Research

I. MULTIPLE CHOICE: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Research on the ______________________ has emphasized the role of small groups in defining
students as equal participants in spite of differences in abilities and socio-cultural background
A. Ethnolinguistic C. Linguistic Borrowing
B. Ethnography of communication D. Code-switching

2. "It is rather that it is not linguistics, but ____________, not language, but communication, which
must provide the frame of reference within which the place of language in culture and society is to be
assessed."
A. Ethnography C. Ethnography of communication
B. Ethnolinguistic D. Sociolinguists

3. How many sociolinguistic goals does Hymes outline?

A. One C. Three
B. Two D. Four

4. This is a Labovian approach involving "data from the speech community."

A. Social Linguistics C. Ethnolinguistic
B. Socially constituted linguistics D. Socially realistic linguistics
5. This is specifically Hymes's approach and involves an infusion of linguistic form into social
function.
A. Social Linguistics C. Ethnolinguistic
B. Socially constituted linguistics D. Socially realistic linguistics

6. Is a prerequisite for language shifts

A. Language contact C. Language displacement
B. Language conflict D. Language change

7. One example of this phenomenon is that of the Ligbi language in Ivory Coast.
A. Replacing language C. Changing values
B. Changing culture D. Replaced language

8. The process of borrowing English words by non-native speakers is another aspect of the English
language appropriation process.
A. Code-switching C. Language shift
B. Linguistic borrowing D. Replacing words.

9. One macro-level aspect of Code Switching, the association of degrees of CS usage with
demographic variables, has been studied by
A. Noam Chomsky C. Kachru
B. Poplack and her associates D. Edward Sapir

10. Recent ethnographic research on oral and written language and on literacies has consistently
argued that these social practices are
A. Complex, Dynamic and Historic C. Context, Complex, Dynamic
B. Complex, Dynamic, and Contextually Specific D. None of the above

II. TRUE OR FALSE: Determine whether each statement is True or False. Write T if your answer is
true, and F if it is false.
______1.
T Linguistic borrowing is not always characterized by complete regularity across all
vocabulary items, which is observable in the Castilian and French cases.
______2.In
F other countries, however, the process of English language appropriation is generally NOT
accepted and welcome.
F
______ 3. Linguistic borrowing is always characterized by complete regularity across all vocabulary
items, which is observable in the Castilian and French cases.
______4.In
T the present globalized world, borrowing English words from other languages is facilitated
due to the powerful influences exerted on other cultures by the globalized market economy, the
Internet, as well as the media, and mass culture.
______5.Middle-class
T White speakers have borrowed slang vocabulary from lower-class Black
speakers; for some individuals, the borrowed features have connotations of masculinity or of natural
authenticity – a kind of “inverse prestige.”
T
______6. Shifting from Tagalog to English mid-conversation is code-switching.
______7. Morphosyntactically-based CS research has at least two major branches.
T
______8.
T Some consider CS patterns as an "empirical door" on the nature of lexical entries and/or of
language production as well as competence.
______9.
T The major interest among CS researchers shifted in 1980 to characterize the
morphosyntactic constraints on intrasentential switching
______10.
T The discourse of language refers to the way language is used in different contexts,
including cultural and social contexts.

Answer key:

1. B. 6. A 11. T 16. T
2. A 7. A 12. F 17. T
3. C 8. B 13. F 18. F
4. D 9. B 14. T 19. T
5. B 10. B 15. T 20. T