LESSON PLAN IN MATHEMATICS 9

(FIRST QUARTER WEEK 2, DAY 2)

Quarter 1
Topic: Completing the Square (a>1)
Performance Standard: The student should be able to investigate thoroughly mathematical
relationships in various situations, formulate real life problems involving quadratic equations,
inequalities and functions, and rational algebraic equations and solve them using a variety of
strategies.

Performance Task: Parabola Art

Lesson 2: The learner solves quadratic equations by: (a) extracting square roots; (b) factoring;
(c) completing the square; and (d) using the quadratic formula. M9AL-Ia-b-1

I. OBJECTIVES
a. Identify the algorithms used in completing the square to find the roots of quadratic
equations.
b. Solve quadratic equations by completing the square
c.Appreciates the different approach to getting the answer to a certain/defined problem.

II. INTRODUCTION
A. Prayer
B. Checking of Attendance
As was previously mentioned, completing the square can be utilized to solve equations that are
non-factorable and cannot be solved by extracting square roots. However, there are several
situations when a (in ax2) has a value other than 1, which has an impact on the procedures used
to solve the equation. These kinds of equations ought to be emphasized so that students will
understand the strategy to employ when solving a particular equation.

III. LESSON PROPER/DISCUSSION

A. MOTIVATION
Do you still remember how to use the completing the square method to obtain the answer to a
quadratic equation? If not, view this video first, then respond to the following equation.
https://youtu.be/PgBTFFb4h50

B. DISCUSSION/LECTURE : Completing the Square (a>1)

In solving a quadratic equation using completing the square, the coefficient of the quadratic term
should always be equal to (a=1) for us to apply its concepts in solving the quadratic equation.
But it’s not the case all the time, there are quadratic equations, wherein the coefficient of a is
greater than 1.

How can we solve quadratic equations with a>1?

 ● 2 x2 −12 x +16=0
● 2 x2 −4 x−3=0
● 4 x2 −13 x −12

How are we going to solve this kind of equations?

Steps in Solving Quadratic Equation by Completing the Square a>1

In solving quadratic equations where the coefficient of the quadratic term is greater than
1, we follow the same step as solving with a=1. The only difference is we need to divide first the
whole equation by the coefficient of the quadratic term.
2
2 x −12 x +16=0

Step 1: Divide the whole equation by the coefficient of the quadratic term(a)

2 x 2−12 x+160
2
2
x −6 x +8=0

Step 2: Transpose the constant term to the right side of the equation.

x 2−6 x +8=0
x 2−6 x +¿ ¿−8
Step 3:
Get half of the linear
coefficient (b)

Square the resulting

answer
Perfect Square Add the result to both
Trinomial x2 - 6x+9 = -8+9
sides of the equation to
make the left side a
perfect square trinomial.

Step 4: Factor the left side of the equation using square of a binomial.

Square of a Binomial

Step 5: Square root both sides, applying the square root property

Step 6: x=± 1+3

Step 7:
if x=4
2x2 - 12x + 16 = 0
2(4)2- 12(4) + 16 = 0
2(16)- 48 + 16 = 0
 32 - 48 + 16 = 0
-16 + 16 = 0
0=0

if x=2
2x2 - 12x + 16 = 0
2(2)2 - 12(2) + 16 = 0
2(4) - 24 + 16 = 0
8 - 24 + 16 = 0
-16 + 16 = 0
0=0

Example 2: 2x2-4x-3=0

2 x 2−4 x−3=0
2

2 3
x −2 x− =0
2

3
x 2−2 x¿ =
2

1 2
( 2 )∨ =1
2 2

1 2
( 2 )∨ =1
2 2

(1)2=1

2 3
x −2 x+1= +1
2

2 5
x −2 x+1=
2
2
(x−1) =5/2

√ ( x−1 ) =√ 52
2

( x−1 )=± √
10
2

x−1=± √
10
2

x=1 ±
√ 10
2

Checking
if x=1+
√ 10
2
 2 x2 −4 x−3=0

( ) ( )
2
2 1+ √ −4 1+ √
10 10
−3=0
2 2

2(1+ √ 10+
10
❑
) −4(1+
√ 10 )−3=0
4 2

10 ❑
2(1+ √ 10+ ) −4−2 √ 10−3=0
4

2+2 √ 10+ 5−4−2 √ 10−3=0

2+5−4−3=0

7−7=0

0=0

√ 10
if x=1−
2
2
2 x −4 x−3=0

( ) ( )
2
2 1−
√ 10 −4 1− √ 10 −3=0
2 2

2(1− √10+
10
❑
) −4 (1−
√10 )−3=0
4 2

10 ❑
2(1− √10+ ) −4+ 2 √ 10−3=0
4

2+2 √10+ 5−4+2 √ 10−3=0

2+5−4−3=0

7−7=0

0=0

Example 3:

4x2 - 13x = 12

2
4 x −13 x 12
=
4 4 The result of half the linear
coefficient (b/2) is what we use in
2 13
x− x=3 square of a binomial.
4
 ( )
1 13 13
2 4
=
8

2 13 361 169
x− x+ =3+
4 4 64

2
13 361
(x− ) =
8 64

√( ) √
2
13 361
x− =
8 64

( x− 138 )=± 198

13 19
x− ±
8 8

13 19
x= ±
8 8

x= 4 x= - 3/4

Checking:

if x=4
2
4 x −13 x =12
2
4 ( 4) −13(4)=12
4 ( 16 )−52=12
64−52=12
12=12

if x= - ¾
2
4 x −13 x =12
2
4 (−¾) −13(−¾)=12

4 ( 169 )+ 394 =12

9 39
+ =12
4 4

48
=12
4

12=12

C. PRACTICE EXERCISE
Arrange the steps for solving quadratic equation by completing the square, as well as the
solutions in the given equation.

Given: 2x2+11=30x
 Add to each side of the equation ● x 2−15 x+ 225/ 4=−11/2+225/ 4
1 b 2
[ ( )]❑
2 a
Find the roots by the method of extracting the 15 2 203
roots ● ( x− ) =
2 4
Arrange the sequence in the form ax2+bx+c

●
Divide both side of the equation by a to make
the coefficient by x2 equal to 1 ●
Factor the quadratic polynomial

Check answer by substituting in the original

equation

D. GENERALIZATION
Enumerate the steps in solving quadratic equation by completing the square.

Answers:
Step 1: Divide
Step 2: Transpose
Step 3: Half and Squared
Step 4: Factor
Step 5: Square root
Step 6: Solve for x
Step 7: Checking

IV. EVALUATION

Answer Exercise 2 on page 17 of your book

Answer Key:
1.) x= -⅓ and 4
2.) x= 6+√42 / 4
3.) x= -3 +/- √3
4.) x= -15+/-√42 / 4
5.) x= 1 +/- √42 /4

V. ASSIGNMENT
Read Page 19 : Solving Quadratic Equation using Quadratic Formula

Prepared by:

Alexander F. Bautista Jr.