MUMBAI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT AND RESEARCH

PROJECT REPORT ON: MIS IN PRODUCTION

SUBMITTED TO:

Prof. Yogesh Kolhatkar

1

Submitted by: Md. Abdussalam Shraddha Modsing Vishnu Mudiraj Shraddha Naik Navtej Vinodkumar Shetty Anisha Shinde Ganesh Shinde Ranjeet Singh Devesh Suryawanshi Ammar Kadri 1066 1067 1068 1069 1070 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100 1132

Acknowledgment

We take immense pleasure in thanking Prof. Yogesh Kolhatkar and Kolhatkar, Dr. R. K. Singh, for having permitted us to carry out this project work.

We would like to express our special gratitude and thanks to industry persons for giving us such attention and time.

During this project we came to know various insights of the topic. We would also like to thank all the people who have helped us directly or indirectly in making this project.

Our thanks and appreciations also go to our colleagues in developing the project and people who have willingly helped us out with their abilities.

51

METSYS NOITAMROFNI TNEMEGANAM FO ELOR

31

21

01

.ON EGAP .ON EGAP .ON EGAP .ON EGAP

SRALUCITRAP SRALUCITRAP SRALUCITRAP SRALUCITRAP

TABLE OF CONTENTS

4
6 SIM FO SCITSIRETCARAHC 5 SIM FO SEVITCEJBO 4 SIM FO NOITCNUF 3 SIM FO DEEN 2 SIM FO NOITCUDORTNI .1 TNEMEGDELWONKCA

.ON .S .ON .S .ON .S .ON .S

64

SIM tnerruC fO eludoM tnemeganaM yrotnevnI 5.01

54

detimiL CCA ta SIM fo erutcetihcrA 4.01

14

SIM tnerruC yb dedivorP snoitcnuF SIM 3.01

93

93

83

53

DETIMIL CCA ELIFORP YNAPMOC

43

43

91

SIM NA POLEVED OT SPETS CISAB

71

eloR troppuS noisiceD ehT 3.7

61

eloR troppuS lanoitcnuF ehT 2.7

51

eloR gnirotinoM ecnamrofreP ehT 1.7

51

10.2 Need For Integrated MIS

04

5
noitamrofnI lareneG 1.01 DETIMIL CCA TA YDUTS SIM 41 TNEMEGANAM YROTNEVNI 31 21 YDUTS EHT FO EPOCS 11 YDUTS EHT FO EVITCEJBO 01 9 SIM FO SEPYT 8 SIM FO SELOR 7

45

35

25

Application of MIS

94

6
YHPARGOLBIB 41 TRAHC TTNAG 31 NOITADNEMMOCER 21 11

ot stroper dna noitamrofni deriuqer gnidivorp ni uoy stsissa SIM dennalp-llew dna dezinagro na ,noitidda nI .ytinummoc eht ot eulav stcejorp ruoy fo ecnedive evitcejbo niatbo dna reganam retteb a eb nac uoy ,seitivitca stnarg ruoy tuoba noitamrofni ylemit ,etarucca htiW .secruoser

sti gnisu dna slaog sti gniveihca ni ssenevitceffe stcejorp ruoy tuoba stnemgduj demrofni ekam ot stnemele margorp yek tuoba noitamrofni tcelloc yllacitametsys nac uoy woh sebircsed retpahc sihT .stnemeriuqer noitamrofni euqinu stcejorp eht ot deroliat si taht SIM na pu tes

ot eetnarg wen a rof emit tnellecxe na si noitatnemelpmi tcejorp rof snalp ruoy ezilanif uoy sA

no desab si SIM snoitazinagro na ,yletamitlU

SIM rehto dna ,lortnoc ytilauq ,yrtne atad rof ffats deniart ylhgih eriuqer emoS si SIM na yaw eht stceffa taht elbairav a si sretupmoc no ecnailer fo tnuoma ehT

eht dna ,detareneg stroper fo sepyt eht ,metsys eht otni swolf noitamrofni yaw eht fo smret ni yltaerg yrav serutcurts SIM .ytivitca ro ,tneve ,margorp ralucitrap a tuoba noitamrofni gnitroper

dna gnitcelloc rof dohtem mrofinu ,citametsys a si SIM ro metsyS noitamrofnI tnemeganaM A

slennahc noitacinummoc lla fo krowten eht fo gnitsisnoc metsys a" si metsys noitamrofni na taht edulcnoc ot efas si ti suhT .gnikam noisiced ni ssecorp eht ni sreganam tsissa ot noitamrofnI tnemeganaM seilppus dna ti sessecorp ;noitazinagro na fo secruos lanretxE dna lanretnI

morf atad srehtag metsys ehT .stnenopmoc sti sa ,sledom atad dna sesab atad ,serudecorp ,senihcam ,elpoep fo gnitsisnoc metsys a si )SIM( smetsyS noitamrofnI tnemeganaM

data that is needed by the organization was stored.

.LOD .secruoser dna seitilibapac ,sdeen euqinu sti .detacitsihpos ssel era smetsys rehto ;snoitcnuf .derutcurts .liated fo level ."noitazinagro na nihtiw desu

information, and so instead of the collection of mass of data, important and to the point

requirement and necessity of the organization. Later, data was distinguished from

performance. Previously, data had to be separated individually by the people as per the

additional statistic(s), and gave limited and delayed information on management

and only periodically, as a by-product of the accounting system and with some

Initially in businesses and other organizations, internal reporting was made manually

NOITCUDORTNI NOITCUDORTNI NOITCUDORTNI NOITCUDORTNI

Earlier, business computers were mostly used for relatively simple operations such as tracking sales or payroll data, often without much detail. Over time, these applications became more complex and began to store increasing amount of information while also stored and linked man began to analyze this information into further detail, creating

interlinking with previously separate information systems. As more and more data was entire management reports from the raw, stored data. The term "MIS" arose to describe these kinds of applications, which were developed to provide managers with information Today, the term is used broadly in a number of contexts and includes (but is not limited Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Supply Chain Management (SCM), Customer applications. about sales, inventories, and other data that would help in managing the enterprise. to): decision support systems, resource and people management applications,

Relationship Management (CRM), project management and database retrieval

An 'MIS' is a planned system of the collection, processing, storage and dissemination of

data in the form of information needed to carry out the management functions. In a way, Philip Kotler "A marketing information system consists of people, equipment, and accurate information to marketing decision makers." it is a documented report of the activities that were planned and executed. According to

procedures to gather, sort, analyze, evaluate, and distribute needed, timely, and
]3[

The terms MIS and information system are often confused. Information systems include sometimes referred to, in a restrictive sense, as information technology management. That area of study should not be confused with computer science. IT service

systems that are not intended for decision making. The area of study called MIS is

management is a practitioner-focused discipline. MIS has also some differences with ERP which incorporates elements that are not necessarily focused on decision support.

The successful MIS must support a business's Five Year Plan or its equivalent. It must feedback loops that allow for titivation of every aspect of the business, including recruitment and training regimens. In effect, MIS must not only indicate how things are going, but why they are not going as well as planned where that is the case. These or loss, and do so in such a way that identifies individual accountability, and in virtual real-time.

provide for reports based upon performance analysis in areas critical to that plan, with

reports would include performance relative to cost centers and projects that drive profit

Anytime a business is looking at implementing a new business system it is very

important to use a system development method such as System Development Life Cycle. The life cycle includes Analysis, Requirements, Design, Development, Testing and Implementation.

NEED FOR MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM

This is a universally accepted fact that all managerial functions are performed through decision making. For taking rational decisions, timely and reliable information is and disseminating to decision makers. essential and is procured through a logical method of information collecting, processing

In todays world of ever increasing complexities of carrying out business, every designed and maintained MIS. This need is even more increased because organizations now have to compete not only locally but also globally.

organization, in order to survive and grow, must have a properly planned, analyzed,

decision making and thus greatly help the organization to achieve its goals and

MIS assist decision makers, by providing the required information at various stages of

objectives. On the other hand, if an MIS is poorly planned and constructed, it may the organization.

provide inaccurate, irrelevant or obsolete information, which may even prove fatal for

.syaw ynam ni ynapmoc a rof ffo yap nac smetsys noitamrofni ni gnitsevnI .level tuptuo sti ni ytilibixelf ynapmoc wolla smetsys noitamrofnI sessecorp noitcudorp tsoob nac tnemtsevni TI .tnemeganam lennahc noitubirtsid ecnahnE .ycnetepmoc eroc a troppus nac tI .ytiuqe dnarb sdliuB .1 .2 .3 .4 .5

STNEMTSEVNI SIM FO STIFENEB STNEMTSEVNI SIM FO STIFENEB STNEMTSEVNI SIM FO STIFENEB STNEMTSEVNI SIM FO STIFENEB
10

ot gnidrocca stroper gninnalp etairporppa eht sedivorp dna sesirpretne yb dedroffa snoitcirtser eht htiw ecnadrocca ni tnemtraped lanoitcnuf hcae fo snalp eht ylbanosaer segnarra tI

.noitalumis ro scitsitats ,scitamehtam nredom gniylppa yb noitautis erutuf eht stciderp tI

.tamrof deifinu na gniylppus yb tsoc tsewol eht ot secuder dna scitsitats eht seifilpmis tI .atad fo tuptuo dna gnissecorp ,egarots ,noissimsnart ,noitcelloc eht sedulcni tI

?swollof sa era SIM fo snoitcnuf niam ehT .segatrohs sti dna ssergorp tnerruc eht dnatsrednu meht ekam ot redro ni sreganam reppu eht ot emit ni kcabdeef dna yltnegru devlos eb ot deen taht smelborp tuo dnif ot SIM fo esu ekam nac eeyolpme esirpretne ,ecnatsni roF .gnikam-noisiced metsys rof desu yllareneg si SIM .noitcerid sselrepap dna

dipar ,evitceffe a sdrawot eb lliw esirpretne a fo tnemeganam dna eciffo ehT .level tnemeganam eht evorpmi dna ygolonhcet mrofer ot troser niam eht neeb sah sesirpretne fo SIM ,tneserp tA

dna level tnemeganam eht ylsuounitnoc evorpmi dna snoisiced tcerroc ekam ot sa os reganam eht ot atad noitamrofni dezimetsys dna dessecorp fo suoirav ylemit edivorp dna ,sesirpretne yb denwo .cte ,ygolonhcet ,stnempiuqe ,ecruoser laicnanif ,ecruoser namuh fo hcraeser

eht no desab atad tcerroc eht pu tes dna ,tnetxe tsegral eht ot ygolonhcet noitacinummoc krowten dna retupmoc nredom fo egatnavda gnikat yb sesirpretne fo tnemeganam noitamrofni eht nehtgnerts ot si ti fo ksat niam eht ,ecneics gnigreme na sA .stnempiuqe larehpirep rehto dna retupmoc ,namuh fo desopmoc ,noitamrofni fo esu dna ecnanetniam ,gnissecorp ,egarots ,noissimsnart ,noitcelloc od nac hcihw metsys noitamrofni tnemeganam fo mynorca si SIM

FUNCTIONS OF MIS

11
.tnemeganam tnereffid nalp fo noitcnuF noitciderp fo noitcnuF gnissecorP ataD .sesirpretne fo stifeneb cimonoce

rof ecruoser noitamrofni dna ecruoser lairetam ,ecruoser laicnanif ,ecruoser namuh yllanoitar gnisu fo epoh eht ni sretupmoc ni derots atad lufitnelp a gnizylana dna edom scitamehtam fo suoirav ot gniylppa yb smelborp detaler fo srewsna tseb eht yltnatsni setavired tI

eht

yhw

snosaer

eht

gnizylana

yb

dohtem

eb dna ,tnemtraped lanoitcnuf yreve yb dedroffa atad eht htiw ecnadrocca ni nalp dna noitarepo neewteb secnereffid eht htiw sesirpmoc dna snalp fo noitarepo eht stcepsni dna srotinom tI

12
stifeneb cimonoce tnadnuba evitaler ecnatsissa fo noitcnuF .gnieb otni semoc secnereffid hcae ylemit lortnoc ot sreganam ot tnatsissa lortnoc fo noitcnuF

etacolla ro hcaorppa rieht egnahc ,ton fi ,dna noitalupop tegrat rieht gnivres yletauqeda era yeht fi enimreted nac ffats ruoY ot derugifnoc eb osla nac atad esehT .slevel ffats lla ta sdeen noitamrofni sserdda

.yrev ed ec vres ev tceffe erom n ffats ed ug oT .yrev ed ec vres ev tceffe erom n ffats ed ug oT .yreviiiilllled eciiiivres eviiiitceffe erom niiii ffats ediiiiug oT .yrev ed ec vres ev tceffe erom n ffats ed ug oT

.sdohtem yreviled ecivres dna ,snoisivorp ytilibatnuocca ,serutidnepxe tnarg ,gniffats ni stnemtsujda troppus ot elbaliava si osla noitamrofnI .noitca evitcerroc rof emit ni yreviled ecivres ni seicneiciffeni seton dna krow tcejorp dna elbatemit ruoy htiw ecap gnipeek si sdnuf fo erutidnepxe taht ssenerawa setatilicaf noitamrofni sihT .sevitcejbo dna slaog tcejorp sdrawot ssergorp gnikam era uoy rehtehw dna gnitarepo si tcejorp ruoy woh tuoba noitamrofni esicnoc ,raelc htiw uoy sedivorp SIM evitceffe nA

.yaw eviiiitceffe na niiii margorp ruoy etaullllave dna eganam ,tnemellllpmiiii oT .yaw ev tceffe na n margorp ruoy etau ave dna eganam ,tneme pm oT .yaw ev tceffe na n margorp ruoy etau ave dna eganam ,tneme pm oT .yaw ev tceffe na n margorp ruoy etau ave dna eganam ,tneme pm oT
stropeR laicnaniF ro lacsiF stropeR margorP ro citammargorP .2 .1

:LOD ot stroper fo sepyt owt timbus tsum seetnarg ,muminim a tA

.gniiiitaullllave dna gniiiirotiiiinom niiii esu rof stnemeriiiiuqer ciiiitammargorp dna llllaredef teem oT .gn tau ave dna gn rot nom n esu rof stnemer uqer c tammargorp dna aredef teem oT .gn tau ave dna gn rot nom n esu rof stnemer uqer c tammargorp dna aredef teem oT .gn tau ave dna gn rot nom n esu rof stnemer uqer c tammargorp dna aredef teem oT
:desu eb yam poleved uoy metsys eht ,eroferehT .seussi lanoitarepo eniltnorf tuoba ytinummoc eht dna srentrap mrofni taht ro gniod era stneilc llew woh no kcabdeef ffats reffo taht stroper tnaw osla yam uoy ,yllaniF ruoy ,noitidda nI .snoisiced tnemeganam ediug taht stroper dleiy dluohs SIM

.stroper laredef deriuqer eht secudorp taht SIM na deen uoy ,muminim a tA

.sesoprup detangised sti seveihca ti fi ylno elihwhtrow si SIM na ,elpmis ro etarobale rehtehW

OBJECTIVES OF MIS

13
.yreviled ecivres ot secruoser erom

na

ecudorp

dna

snoitarepo

eht

yfilpmis

sihT .atad elbarisednu eht setanimile dna srebmun llams ni stroper dna stnemucod tuptuo noitcudorp htiw atad rof eht noitamrofni sezilitu eh eht sesu .emit dna eno serudecorp ylno ecruos gnissecorp lanigiro sti fo morf rebmun tsylana muminim metsys a

nehT

yb detcelloc si ataD .cte ,gnihsac rof selas ,gnillib .ziv noitazinagro na ni seitivitca ynam rof sisab ni eht era sredro remotsuc eht ,elpmaxe gnidiova roF ni .gnissecorp rehtruf dna lliw egarots hcihw ,noitcelloc wolf atad

atad

ycnadnuder

dna

ycacilpud

nommoc a ot dael lliw smetsys bus tnereffid fo noitargetni ehT

.noitamrofni lufesu dna lufgninaem erom fo laveirter ot sdael ti esuaceb yrassecen si noitargetni sihT .ytitne elgnis a sa rehtegot dekrow eb dluohs smetsys bus noitamrofni lanoitcnuf dna lanoitarepo eht lla taht os detargetni eb tsum noitamrofni fo tnempoleveD .ynapmoc

a fo noitazinagro eht ni smetsys bus eht lla fo weiv etelpmoc ro evisneherpmoc a snaem tI :

.SIM evitceffe na gnikam ni esicrexe elohw eht fo tcudorp dne eht eb dluohs metsys evitceffe taht os segats noitatnemelpmi dna weiver ,tnempoleved

no osla tub gninnalp fo egats eht ta ylno ton slanoisseforp SIM eht ediug dluohs reganaM .esle ydobyna naht ylevitceffe erom stnemeriuqer dna sdeen rieht sllet ohw tnemeganam eht si ti esuaceb tnemeganam eht yb detcerid eb dluohs ti ,detneiro-tnemeganam si SIM nehW

rewol dna elddim ,pot .e.i noitazinagro na ni tnemeganam fo slevel eht lla sevres ti taht hcus si SIM ehT .noitazinagro na fo slaog evitcelloc ro laudividni eb yam tI .noitazinagro ssenisub trats eht ni eht fo laog SIM eht dna noissim ,sdeen na tnemeganam .gnikam edivorp ot fo lasiarppa morf rof yenruoj sti

dluohs

evitceffe ot troppus

oS

tnemeganam

noitamrofni

BASIC CHARACTERISTICS

14
.metsys noitamrofni tneiciffe taht noitacilpud fo noitanimile ot dael lliw pleh

:swo f atad nommoC :swo f atad nommoC :swollllf atad nommoC .VI :swo f atad nommoC

detargetnI

.III

:detcer d tnemeganaM .II :detcer d tnemeganaM .II :detceriiiid tnemeganaM .II :detcer d tnemeganaM .II
.level

noisiced si SIM : fo

noitazinagro cisab ehT .I

evitcejbo

detne ro-tnemeganaM detne ro-tnemeganaM detneiiiiro-tnemeganaM detne ro-tnemeganaM

,ycarucca deldnah

era

stifeneb rehto nac

ehT

.SIM

deziretupmoc eht ehT .metsys

eb

seireuq

dna ssenevitceffe eht sesaercni sretupmoc fo esu eht tuB .retupmoc a tuohtiw desu eb nac SIM :

.noitcetorp dna noiteled ,gnitadpu ,egarots atad ni noitacilpud fo ytissecen eht setanimile ,suht dna metsysbus hcae yb dessecca eb ot ti swolla esabatad eht fo noitazinagro

ehT .selif atad etarapes ynam ni derots ylremrof sdrocer atad setargetni dna setadilosnoc hcihw ot elif sdael retsaM ro elif repuS a snaem esabatad selif fo nommoC .stsoc ni noitcuder tI

hcihw

egarots

dna

.snoitazinagro ssenisub ni SIM gnisu fo evitcejbo eht eveihca ot SIM fo erutaef cisab eht si sihT :

.elbaeganam ylisae eb dluohs smetsysbus eht taht dnim ni tpek eb dluohs ti ,smetsysbus otni SIM elohw eht nwod gnikaerb ro gnikam elihW .ysae edam eb lliw noitatnemelpmi fo esahp dna tes eb lliw seitiroirP .metsys bus hcae ot diap si thgisni dna noitnetta sti erom rof taht os tub smetsysbus ytitne ro strap a llams sa ni nwod nekorb si eb dluohs ti ,esu

evitceffe

elgnis

.elbissop si melborp eht ot noitulos retteb eht neht ,strap bus 2 ni nees si melborp a nehW

eb

ton

lliw

SIM

sih

taht

dnim

ni

peek

ot

sah

smrif eht sa llew sa sevitcejbo erutuf peek ot sah eh taht si eno dnim ni sgniht 2 peek ot sah trepxe metsys eht oS .doirep regnol hcum a semitemos

dna sraey 5 ot 3 sekat yllausu tI .esicrexe yad owt ro eno a ton si SIM fo noitaraperp ehT :

15
.noitamrofni ylemit dna yticapac egarots htiw eht yltneiciffe fo dna ylkciuq erom eht ycneiciffe

dez retupmoC dez retupmoC deziiiiretupmoC dez retupmoC

.IIIV

noitacilpud

sdiova

esabatad nommoC esabatad nommoC esabatad nommoC .IIV esabatad nommoC

deweiv

SIM

hguohtlA

:tpecnoc metsyS buS .IV :tpecnoc metsyS buS .IV :tpecnoc metsyS buS .IV :tpecnoc metsyS buS .IV
.noitca otni steg ti erofeb etelosbo eh osla dna ecnavda ni llew noitamrofni

tneme e-gn nna p yvaeH tneme e-gn nna p yvaeH tnemelllle-gniiiinnallllp yvaeH tneme e-gn nna p yvaeH

.V

ROLES OF MIS

THE PERFORMANCE MONITORING ROLE MIS are not just statistics and data analysis. They have to be used as an MBO (Management by Objectives) tool. They help:

to establish relevant and measurable objectives

to send alerts, in some cases daily, to managers at each level of the organization, on all deviations between results and pre-established objectives and budgets. THE FUNCTIONAL SUPPORT ROLE

to monitor results and performances (reach ratios)

Business processes and operations support function is the most basic. It involves business processes and operations by:

collecting, recording, storing, and basic processing of data. Information systems support recording, storing and processing sales data, purchase data, investment data, payroll data and other accounting records recording, storing and processing inventory data, work in process data, equipment repair and maintenance data, supply chain data, and other production/operations records recording, storing and processing personnel data, salary data, employment histories, and other human resources records recording, storing and processing market data, customer profiles, customer purchase histories, marketing research data, advertising data, and other marketing records recording, storing an processing business intelligence data, competitor analysis records

data, industry data, corporate objectives, and other strategic management

16

THE DECISION SUPPORT ROLE The business decision making support function goes one step further. It is an integral

part of making decisions. It allows users to ask "What if?" questions: What if we increase the price by 5%? What if we increase price by 10%? What if we decrease price It also allows users to deal with contingencies: If inflation increases by 5% (instead of strike or a new competitive threat? by 5%? What if we increase price by 10% now, then decrease it by 5% in three months? 2% as we are assuming), then what do we do? What do we do if we are faced with a Contingencies: If inflation increases by 5% (instead of 2% as we are assuming), then what do we do? What do we do if we are faced with a strike or a new competitive threat?

17

TYPES OF MIS
MIS CLASSIFICATION

MIS is a concept, which is a matter of degree rather than an absolute one. In

management there are perhaps few other areas other than MIS which gas created so as they have evolved during the course of time. 1. Transaction Processing System 3. Decision Support System 2. Management Information System 4. Executive Support System 5. Office Automation System 6. Business Expert System

much controversy. We would make an attempt to try to look into different types of MIS

Transaction Processing System: It processes transactions and produces reports. It represents the automation of fundamental, routine processing used to support business operations. It does not provide any information to the user for decision making. TPS uses data and produces data.

Management Information System: MIS in an information system that processes data and converts it into information. A management information system uses TPS for its data inputs. The information generated by the information system may be used for control of operations, strategic and long-range planning, short-range planning, management control and other managerial problem solving.

application that assists decision-making. DSS tends to be used in planning, analyzing making models and thus area capable of performing what-if analysis.
18

Decision Support System: A decision support system is an information system

alternatives and trial and error search solutions. They incorporate a variety of decision-

Executive Support System: An ESS is a special kind of DSS. It is specially tailored for

the use of chief executives of an organization to support his decision-making. Thus ESS systems, but it is more specific and person oriented.

is a comprehensive information system that includes various types of decision support

Office Automation System: Office automation refers to the application of computer and

communication technology to office functions. Office automation systems are meant to improve the productivity of managers at various levels of management by providing secretarial assistance and better communication facilities.

Business Expert System: A BES is a knowledge based information system that uses its knowledge about a specific, complex application area to act as an expert.

19

.yaw esicnoc ,raelc a ni noitamrofni eht gnitneserp dna atad laciremun lla gnitagergga rof elbisnopser era ffatS .stroper otni delipmoc eb nac dna

dessecca ylisae si ti os noitamrofni eht sezinagro yllacitametsys taht metsys gnilif a hsilbatse neht ffats ruoY yna fo stluser .stnacilppa neercs ot esu yam uoy taht airetirc ecnartne fo stnemssessa eht dna ,seliforp tnapicitrap ,sdrocer ecnadnetta edulcni yam ffats ruoy

yb yllaunam detelpmoc smroF ot ffats ruoy seriuqer metsys

.tcejorp ruoy no noitamrofni eht lla niatnoc taht smrof etelpmoc launam A .metsys )dessecorp-retupmoc( detamotua na ro

)dessecorp-dnah( launam a tnaw uoy rehtehw ediced ot si SIM ruoy gnipoleved ni pets tsrif ehT

erehw selpmaxe dna metsys ruoy gnivorpmi rof snoitseggus edivorp lliw osla eW

niatrec fo segatnavdasid/segatnavda eht dna pets hcae fo stnenopmoc eht ezirammus lliw eW

:edulcni esehT .spets etercnoc ,laitneuqes lareves sevlovni SIM na gningised ,trahc eht ni deyartrop sA

.ssecorp tnempoleved sti dna SIM na fo elpmaxe eno fo weivrevo na sedivorp tuodnah siht fo egap tsal eht no citamehcs ehT .rettam elpmis on si SIM tneiciffe dna evitceffe na gnipoleveD

BASIC STEPS TO DEVELOP AN MIS

; ) m et s y s d e t a m ot u a - r e t u p m o c r o l a u n a m ( e p yt m et s y s g n i yfi t n e dI

; d et c el l o c e b o t n o it a m r of ni f o s e p yt e h t g n i yfi t n e dI

; s d o ht e m n o it c el l o c at a d g n i p ol e v e D

d n a ; m et s y s g ni t r o p e r a g nit utit s nI

. s e r u d e c o r p l o rt n o c yt il a u q g ni t n e m el p m i d n a g ni h sil b at s E

20
dedeeN metsyS fo epyT eht yfitnedI
.tnaveler .sehcaorppa

tnemelpmi dna eganam retteb ot dna tnarg ruoy rof stnemeriuqer gnitroper laredef eht teem ot :troffe noitcelloc atad eht rof tsixe sesoprup gnihcrarevo owt ,reilrae dessucsid sA detangised on sah taht atad tcelloc ot sselesu si tI .esoprup

uoy atad eht enifed ot deen lliw uoy ,taht od ot redro nI

eht fo tnemetats raelc a evah ot si SIM evitceffe na gnipoleved ot spets tsrif eht fo enO

taht rof margorp eht ni dellorne evah ohw stnapicitrap fo rebmun eht syalpsid taht troper a ecudorp dna retrauq eht gnirud stneilc no noitamrofni laudividni retne ot ffats ruoy wolla dluohs ngised uoy metsys ehT .retrauq tnerruc eht gnirud margorp ruoy ni llorne ohw stnapicitrap

fo rebmun latot eht si LOD rof noitaluclac latot ruoy ni tnemele atad deriuqer a ,elpmaxe roF .ylevitceffe meht esu nac srebmem ffats nehw elbaliava era )sseccA dna lecxE tfosorciM

,.g.e( smargorp erawtfos fo yteirav a dna ,atad gnitalubat ni etarucca erom era sretupmoC .atad detalubat gnitagergga morf ffats ruoy eerf ot tnaw uoy fi yllaicepse ,snoitidnoc etisoppo rednu derreferp eb yam metsys detamotua nA .elpmis ylevitaler si tcejorp ruoy ro ,detimil si

tegdub ruoy ,sretupmoc evah ton od seciffo ruoy fi etairporppa erom eb yam metsys launam A

yletamitlu dna atad eht senibmoc hcihw ,retupmoc a ot derrefsnart si noitamrofni eht ,yllaunam smrof era noitcelloc noitamrofni etelpmoc ot ni deen llits yam ta ffats ruoy hguohtlA .decudortni hcihw

yeht ssecorp

noitcelloc atad eht

tniop tahw

ot tnetxe eht si SIM na gningised ni noitaredisnoc yramirp A

yrtne atad a taht smrof cisab etelpmoc ro retupmoc eht otni yltcerid atad retne yam ffats eniL .stroper derised eht ecudorp dna atad etagergga ot retupmoc a no seiler metsys detamotua nA

21
.margorp ruoy .desu eb lliw ti woh dna tcelloc ot deen .noitazinagro ruoy fo sdeen noitamrofni

stnemeriuqeR ataD enifeD

.retrauq ralucitrap

.stroper setareneg

dna

elbaliava era sretupmoc

.retupmoc eht otni sretne krelc

erusne ot spets artxe ekat ,dohtem eht fo sseldrageR

,sdeen euqinu eht no sdneped esoohc uoy snaem ehT tcerroc ,elgnis oN

.noissimbus lanif rof atad eht gnitagergga dna gniretne dia evitartsinimda

ro ,rotanidrooc tcejorp ,rotcerid tcejorp tnatsissa na htiw ffats enil ot noitcelloc noitamrofni etageled yam stcejorp rehto llitS .krow siht rof elbisnopser rotaulave/rehcraeser ro nosrep .gnitroper dna noitcelloc atad eht fo lla mrofrep .seitilibisnopser dna serutcurts ffats

SIM cificeps a etangised yam stnarg regraL

yam rotcerid tcejorp eht ,ffats detimil htiw stnarg roF tnereffid sah noitazinagro hcaE

.noitamrofni eht tcelloc ot yaw tseb eht enimreted tsum uoy

,detacol era atad eht erehw dna detcelloc eb ot sdeen taht atad eht denifed evah uoy taht woN

etad ot stnapicitrap fo gnitsil yrammus ro smrof ekatnI smrof noitelpmoC/tixE sreniart edistuo morf stroper ylhtnom ro ylkeew/snoisses gniniart rof sretsor ecnadnettA smrof ekatnI smrof ekatni morf detareneg stroper yrammuS
noitacoL/noitamrofnI fo secruoS

.evoba desu elpmaxe eht fo yrammus feirb a sedivorp elbat gniwollof ehT

22
.etarucca era troper dna tcelloc uoy atad eht .tnarg ruoy fo secruoser dna ,seitilibapac .stroper eseht elkcat ot stsixe yaw

sdohteM noitcelloC ataD enifeD sdohteM noitcelloC ataD enifeD sdohteM noitcelloC ataD enifeD sdohteM noitcelloC ataD enifeD

retrauq tnerruc eht fo dne eht ta margorp eht ni gniniamer stnapicitrap fo rebmun latoT margorp eht morf detanimret/detixe ohw stnapicitrap fo rebmun latoT gniniart detelpmoc ohw stnapicitrap fo rebmun latoT stnapicitrap wen fo rebmun latoT sretrauq suoiverp morf revo deirrac stnapicitrap fo rebmun latoT
deriuqeR noitamrofnI

.ffats enil ro tnemeganam ruoy htiw noitamrofni ssucsid dna weiver uoy sa ssecorp gnitroper/noitcelloc atad eht ni srorre tcerroc dna yfitnedi yam uoy ,oslA .tnetsisnoc dna etelpmoc ,etarucca si noitamrofni erusne ot yrtne atad eht fo skcehc .rehtona eno htiw ylraelc etacinummoc yeht erus

tops tcudnoc ot rosivrepus a tnaw yam uoY

ekam tsum uoy ,stroper rof atad etagergga ro retne ohw ffats eht morf tnereffid era noitamrofni tcelloc ohw ffats fI .atad tcelloc ot sesu tcejorp ruoy smrof no meti hcae ot gnidnopser ,launam

serudecorp ruoy ni detaeniled serudecorp detats eht ot erehda dna dnatsrednu tsum ffats ruoY

.stroper deriuqer fo noitcudorp eht rof rennam ylemit a ni atad

.ti tcerid ot erehw dna atad tcelloc ot nehw ot sa ffats smrofni wolf noitamrofni fo noitpircsed A .snoitanibmoc thgir eht ni detagergga era

atad serussa stroper dedeen eht fo noitalucitra raelc ehT .serudecorp emas eht gniwollof dna snoitinifed emas eht gnisu era ffats lla erussa ot laitnesse si launam serudecorp A .)smret fo snoitinifed dna ,noitamrofni fo wolf ,deriuqer stroper fo sepyt eht fo noitpircsed

:edulcni yam spets esehT

a gnidulcni( ssecorp llarevo eht sebircsed taht launam serudecorp a fo noitaraperP

tcelloc uoy serusne sihT

.noissimbus dna noitcelloc atad rof eludehcs a fo tnemhsilbatsE

.sdohtem noitcelloc atad no ffats fo gniniarT

.smrof yrassecen fo tnempoleveD

.smrof yrassecen eht etelpmoc ot ffats fo tnemngissA

.metsys ruoy ni atad retne ot ffats fo tnemngissA

.serudecorp lortnoc ytilauq fo noitatnemelpmI

.stroper deriuqer etareneg ot ffats fo tnemngissA

23

.ylesicnoc dna ylkciuq noitamrofni taht etacinummoc dna noitamrofni tnatropmi thgilhgih taht esoht era stroper evitceffe taht rebmemer ot tnatropmi si tI

eht gnidloh ton era stnenopmoc ecivres hcihw wonk ot sreganam wolla ot tnenopmoc tcejorp hcae yb ecnadnetta yliad egareva wohs ot tnemeganam rof atad ecnadnetta etagergga yam uoy ,tsartnoc yB .stuo0pord laitnetop yfitnedi ot laudividni yb troper tub )atad ecnadnetta ,.g.e( .ssergorp tnapicitrap laudividni gnirotinom rof esu .nalp eht ot lautca

atad emas eht ekat yam stroper ffats eniL

ot ffats enil rof sisab ylkeew a no stroper deliated ecudorp osla nac uoY

erapmoc ro selbatemit dna slaog tcejorp drawot ssergorp erusaem stroper eseht ;sesoprup gnirotinom dna gninnalp rof sisab ylhtnom a no ffats tnemeganam rof stroper yrammus

ecudorp nac uoy ,elpmaxe roF

.atad SIM gnisu stroper fo sepyt lareves etareneg nac uoY

.tnereffid hcum si troper a otni denibmoc era atad eht woh tub ,emas eht era stnemeriuqer atad ehT .81 fo ega eht rednu elpoep lla no atad ro nemow lla no atad ton ,81 rednu nemow lla ?devres gnieb era 81 fo ega eht rednu nemow ynam .troper eht fo esoprup eht no sdneped detagergga era

no atad etagergga tsum troper eht ,os fI woh wonk ot tnatropmi ti si ,elpmaxe roF atad woH

.etareneg ot deen yeht stroper fo sepyt eht dnatsrednu ffats ruoy erusne ot deen uoY

24
.stnapicitrap fo noitnetta

metsyS gnitropeR a hsilbatsE metsyS gnitropeR a hsilbatsE

?ti deen yeht nehw deen yeht noitamrofni eviecer ffats oD .ylevitceffe gninoitcnuf si ssecorp eht erusne ot segnahc ekam

ot deen uoy fi enimreted ot dna metsys gnitroper dna noitcelloc atad ruoy fo sessenkaew

:edulcni yam serudecorp lortnoc ytilauQ .metsys ruoy fo noitacifidom ylemit rof wolla dna SIM ruoy rotinom ot metsys lortnoc ytilauq a tnemelpmi ot deen uoy ,SIM ruoy pu tes ot deriuqer spets suoirav eht nekatrednu evah uoy retfA

metsyS lortnoC ytilauQ tnemelpmI

dna shtgnerts ssucsid ot ffats enil dna tnemeganam htiw sgniteem ylhtnom ro ylkeeW

.stsilaiceps SIM ro tnemeganam yb yrtne atad dna noitcelloc atad fo skcehc topS

.metsys eht ssecca dna esu ot woh no gniniart ffats gniognO

25

Overview of the MIS Development Process

Identify type of system

Define data requirements

Establish data collection methods

Set up procedures for data collection

Assign staff

Set up schedule for data collection

Define type of reports to be produced

Establish reporting system

Conduct data entry into system Maintain files Generate reports Check for data accuracy

Complete required forms for submission to DOL

26 Quality Control and Monitoring Procedures

Basic flow of information in MIS

Information management systems

There are many types of information management systems in the market that provide a wide range of benefits for companies. Strategic information management system, customer relation management systems and enterprise resource planning systems are types of information management systems.

some of them. The following are some of the benefits that can be attained from different
]4[

27

Advantages of information management systems (1) The company is able to highlight

their strength and weaknesses due to the presence of revenue reports, employee improve their business processes and operations. (2) The availability of the customer data and feedback can help the company to allign their business processes according

performance records etc. The identification of these aspects can help the company to

to the needs of the customers. The effective management of customer data can help

the company to perform direct marketing and promotion activities. (3) Information is considered to be an important asset for any company in the modern competitive world. The consumer buying trends and behaviors can be predicted by the analysis of sales and revenue reports from each operating region of the company

Applications of MIS
:rotceS gnirutcafunaM dna tnemeganaM slairetaM ,tnemeganaM noitcudorP ,tnemeganaM ecnaniF dna gnitnuoccA ,tnemeganaM gnitekraM ,tnemeganaM lanosreP ,noitcudortnI tnemeganaM gnitekraM

28

smetsys troppus sa smetsys gnirotinom dna gniludehcS .4 ,gninnalp ssecorp dna sgniwarD .3 ,gnissecorp lairetam fo lliB .2 lortnoc dna gninnalp ,noitcudorP .1 :hguorht de mrofrep si tne megana m noitcudorp ehT

remotsuc eht ot nevig sesimorp eht gnillifluF .7 snoitcejer la mini M .6 tne mpiuqe dna tnalp fo e mitpu mu mixa M .5 yticapac gnirutcafunam eht fo noitazilitu relluF .4 emit detalupits a ni ecudorp oT .3 y t i l a u q d e i f i c e p s n i a t r e c a f o s t c u do r p e r u t c a f u n a m o T . 2 n o i t a z i n a g ro e h t o t s e c i v r e s g n i r u t c a f u n a m e d i v o r p o T . 1 :noitcnuf tne megana m noitcudorp fo evitcejbo ehT

depoleved era saera

.gnillortnoc dna gninnalp ,gnikam noisiced sreganaM .noitazinagro ssenisub ni

htiw ksat laireganam eht tub gnihton era esehT

.secruoser namuH dna ,gnitnuoccA ,ecnaniF ,gnirutcafunaM ,gnitekraM ,selaS sa deifitnedi yltcnitsid eb nac snoitcnuf ssenisub rojaM

29

:sno itaci lpp A

TNE ME GANA M N OITCUD OR P

l a n o i t c n u f e s e h t f o hc a e r o f S I M t l u s e r a s A f o s n o i t c n uf e h t m r o f r e p y l l a c i s a b

ROTCES GNIRUTCAFUNAM ROTCES GNIRUTCAFUNAM ROTCES GNIRUTCAFUNAM ROTCES GNIRUTCAFUNAM

seicilop ecnanetniam evitanretla fo noitceleS .8 seitilicaf noitcudorp fo noitceleS .7 sboj fo gniludehcs dna g n i n n a l P . 6

rekrow hcae fo seiticapac dna slliks no noitamrofni dradnatS cte snoitacificeps ,sloot ,senihcam no noitamrofni dradnatS slairetam fo ytilibaliava no sutatS senihca m fo puorg ro enihca m no sutats d a o L

noitelpmoc level dna egats fo smret ni redro ro boj fo sutatS

e g a t s l a n i f t a d n a e ga t s e t a i d e m r e t n i h c a e t a y t i t n a u q n o i t c e j e R . 3 egasu sti dna tnemeriuqer lairetaM .2 d o i r e p e mi t a o t t c e p s e r h t i w n o i t c u d o r p f o y t i t n a u Q . 1

30
xi m boj / xi m tcudorp mu mitpo gnivlovE .5 s s e c or p e v i t a n r e t l a f o e s U . 4 lairetam evitanretla fo esU .3 tcartnocbus ro eka M .2 yub ro eka M .1

s sy a na no s ce D s sy a na no s ce D siiiisylllla na noiiiisiiiice D s sy a na no s ce D
5 4 3 2 1

yreuQ yreuQ yreuQ

sruoh

r u o b a L

. 7

noitazilitu seitilicaf dna enihcaM .6 selba musnoc dna leuf ,rewop fo egasU .5 ecnedicni n w o d k a e r B . 4

gnitnuoccA

era dethgilhgih eb ot deen hcihw snoitpecxe ehT .laitnesse si tnemeganam noitcudorp eht fo lortnoc erehw saera eht era erehT .senihcam eht no sboj eht gnidaol dna gniludehcs fo yaw yb semmargorp noitcudorp eht hguorht dehsup eb ot evah hcihw sboj emos syawla era erehT .dezilitu ylluf si t n e m t s e v n i h g i h g n i h s t n e m i p u q e d n a s e n i h c a m , t n a l p t a h t e r u s n e o t s a h tI .ecrof ruobal dna yticapac noitcudorp eht fo noitazilitu era ,laed ot sah tnemegnam noitcudorp noitcudorp eht hcihw htiw seussi rehto ehT ot .noitcudorp depoleved fo era ytilauq dna yticapac esehT

,emmargorp

noitcudorp

lortnoc

snoitacilppa

ortno C ortno C lllortno C

. s e c r u o s e r l a c i s y h p d n a s l a i r e t a m f o e g a s u d n a y t i l i c a f g n i r u t c af u n a m e h t f o n o i t a z i l i t u reporp ,ycneiciffe ,ytivitcudorp ,tsoc no era snoitacilpmi noisiced ehT .sisab cimonoce -onhcet no snoisiced ycilop ekam ot pleh snoitacilppa sisylana noisiced esehT

seicilop ecnanetniam evitanretla fo noitceleS .21 seitilicaf noitcudorp fo noitceleS .11 sboj fo gniludehcs dna gninnalP .01 sboj fo gnidaol dna gniludehcseR xim boj /xim tcudorp mumitpo gnivlovE ssecorp evitanretla fo esU l a i r et a m e v i t a n r e t l a f o e s U tc a r t n o c - b u s r o e k a M yub ro ekaM sevitanretla fo esU tc a r t n o c - b u s r o e k a M yub ro ekaM .9 .8 .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1

e r a s n o i s i c e d l a c i p y t e h T . s d o i r e p mr e t t r o h s d n a m r e t g n o l rof snoisiced fo rebmun a ekam ot deriuqer si noitcnuf tnemeganam noitcudorp ehT

1)

ssecorp ro dna lairetam fo tnuocca no noitcejer tcudorp evissecxE

2)

timil niatrec a dnoyeb sboj yek fo pu dloH

3)

yrotnevni ssecorp ni krow evissecxE

4)

doirep niatrec a dnoyeb ytilicaf gnirutcafunam eht fo nwodkaerb deunitnoC

5)

31
timil a woleb seitilicaf yek fo noitazilitU

gnitarepo denrecnoc eht ot detroper dna detcelloc si no os dna ,noitcepsni rof revo dednah dna detelpmoc sboj eht ,snwodkaerb enihcam eht ,boj ro ssecorp yb snoitcejer eht ,yad rep noitcudorp eht sa hcus ,scitsitats ehT .stneve yad ot yad no noitamrofni edivorp stroper esehT

.tnemeganam noitcudorp eht ni esu rof esab egdelwonk eht tliub hcihw atad yek elbaulav fo tol a edivorp snoitacilppa lortnoc dna sisylana noisiced gnitnuoccA

.edart dna slliks yb sruoh robal elbaliava eht ssessa ot spleh msieetnesba no atad ehT .noitcudorp rof yticapac elbaliava tcerroc eht ssessa ot spleh emitnwod eht

dna snwodkaerb fo sesuac snwodkaerb no atad ehT .remotsuc eht ot sesimorp yreviled tcerroc evig ot spleh emit noitelpmoc boj no atad ehT .sdradnats eht gnisu yb ylreporp noitcudorp eht nalp ot snoitcnuf noitcudorp eht ni sregana m eht gnilbane etad ot pu tpek si noitamrofni ehT

sboj suoirav fo tuptuo noitcejer rof nosaer lacipyt a seitilicaf noitcudorp fo emitnwod eht no etad eht ,elpmaxe roF .esu tneuqesbus rof metsys eht ni pu tliub si noitamrofni dezylana noitcnuf noitcudorp eht fo stcepsa suoirav eht no smron dna dradnats gnivlove fo esoprup eht roF

.)DTGD( ot sruoh noitcudorp no atad niatrec mrofni ot deriuqer era tnempoleveD lacinhceT eht ot fo lareneG eht rotceriD dna rednu sdoog deifissalc dehsinif era hcihw seirtsudni war fo ehT .tnemnrevog eht gnipeek

troper

timbus

eriuqer hcihw seirtsudni emos era erehT .ecnailpmoc yrotutats fo yrogetac eht rednu seitirohtua ot gnitroper rof noitamrofni eriuqer hcihw tnemeganam noitcudorp ni saera wef yrev era erehT

32
.etadpu tsetal eht sa lanosrep

etadpU no tarepO etadpU no tarepO etadpU noiiiitarepO etadpU no tarepO

.no os dna senihcam susrev

etadpU egde wonK etadpU egde wonK etadpU egdellllwonK etadpU egde wonK

dna

lairetam

tnuocca

ecna pmoc yrotutatS ecna pmoc yrotutatS ecnaiiiillllpmoc yrotutatS ecna pmoc yrotutatS

eb

lliw

gnitroper

sti

,tcerroc

si

noisiced

eht

tcerroc si ssecorp wen a ot revo hctiws ot noisiced rehtehw mrifnoc ot senilediug tnacifingis evig ssecorp reilrae eht htiw nosirapmoc sti dna deveihca level ytilauq ,detcejer ytitnauq ,decudorp ytitnauq no noitamrofni ehT .detnemelpmi dna devlove si ssecorp wen a ,elpmaxe roF

eht yb nekat snoitca eht no stroper noitpecxe sa demret era stroper esehT .hguorht emoc ot liaf stluser detcepxe eht fi noisiced nwo sti tcerroc ot tnemeganam eht ot ytinutroppo ylrae na sedivorp tI .ton ro reporp si noisiced detnemelpmi eht rehtehw egdelwonk sedivorp noitamrofni ehT .dengised sa ecnamrofrep detcepxe otni detluser sah noisiced eht rehtehw mrofni stroper ehT .snoisiced fo oiranecs noitatnemelpmi-tsop eht no etadpu noitamrofni edivorp stroper esehT

.snoisiced lacitcat dna cigetarts fo yrogetac eht ni llaf yehT .selur noisiced dna snoitnevnoc ,ecitcarp dlo egnahc snoisiced eht fo emoS .ssecorp dna sloot ,slairetam etanretla fo esu ,senihcam dna sboj fo stnemngissa etanretla ,nrettap gnidaol etanretla

,xim tcudorp mumitpo sa hcus ,snoisiced ekam ot spleh SSD hguorht sisylana ehT .noitcnuf noitcudorp eht stceffa hcihw seussi ynam no sisylana suounitnoc edivorp smetsys gniludehcs dna gninnalp ,smetsys desab egdelwonk dna ecnegilletni laicifitra ,metsys gninnalp tnemeriuqer lairetam ,seuqinhcet noitalumis ,sledom gnimmargorp ehT .snoisiced eht ekat ot tnemeganam eht eht elbane ni ot desu yek ylevisnetxe cificeps era smetsyS eht troppuS edivorp noisiceD ehT .snoitcnuf noitcudorp ehT

snoisiced

htiw

stroper

33
.deunitnocsid taht mrifnoc etadpu noitca eht ecnO .ton ro .tnemeganam

e no tcA etadpU noiitcA

snoitacilppa

sisylana

noisiced

s sy anA no s ceD s sy anA no s ceD siiiisyllllanA noiiiisiiiiceD s sy anA no s ceD

.ynapmoc eht fo ecnamrofrep desaercni dna htworg eht ni elor a deyalp sah si taht sleef tnemeganam eht dna noitazinagro eht ni wolf noitamrofni eht dezinorhcnys dna detatilicaf yltaerg sah SIM ehT .stnemeriuqer ssenisub dna seigolonhcet

3002 swodniiiW dna 3002 swodn W dna elbaliava yb denimreted snoitisnart ylemit edam sah ti senihcam desab 3002 swodniW dna 3002 swodn W dna XINU XINU 1041MBI 1041MBI smetsys en -no gn ssecorp hctaB smetsys en -no gn ssecorp hctaB XINU tsetal eht ot 1041MBI morf ,smetsys eniiiillll-no ot gniiiissecorp hctaB morF .erutcurtsarfni dna XINU 1041MBI smetsys en -no gn ssecorp hctaB
smetsys noitacilppa eht ni edam neeb evah stnemevorpmi tnacifingiS .senihcam gnihcnupyek elpmis gnisu saw ti nehw 8691 ni syad eht morf yaw gnol a delevart sah noitazinagro ehT

sti gniziretupmoc detrats noitazinagro ehT .TI dna noitamotua tpoda dna ygolonhcet noitamrofni fo ecnatropmi dna laitnetop eht ezilaer ot seinapmoc naidnI tsrif eht fo eno si

yrotnevnI yrotnevnI yrotnevnI yrotnevnI

a teg oT .

.ynapmoc

eht

fo

tnemtrapeD

lairetaM

sesu ,deen eht deiduts ew ,ynapmoc eht fo noitcnuf ralucitrap a fo gnidnatsrednu deliated erom

det m L CCA fo SIM eht de duts ew , det m L CCA fo SIM eht de duts ew , detiiiimiiiiL CCA fo SIM eht deiiiiduts ew ,SIM eht fo det m L CCA fo SIM eht de duts ew ,

ecnamrofrep eht ,elor troppus noisiced eht ekil mrofrep ot selor ynam sah SIM ehT .lortnoc dna ,noitatnemelpmi margorp ,gninnalp ,gnikam noisiced rof ti esu ohw slevel lla ta sreganam ot ti sedivorp dna )noitamrofni( atad sessecorp dna stcelloc metsys noitamrofni tnemeganam A

fo slevel lla yb noitazinagro na ni dewollof SIM eht fo gnidnatsrednu na evah ot tnatropmi si ti suhT .ruoh eht fo deen eht si

)SIM( smetsyS no tamrofnI tnemeganaM )SIM( smetsyS no tamrofnI tnemeganaM )SIM( smetsyS noiiiitamrofnI tnemeganaM etauqeda noitamrofni )SIM( smetsyS no tamrofnI tnemeganaM

fo wolf retteb etatilicaf oT .noitatcepxe dna deen neewteb pag eht egdirb ot emit thgir eht ta noitamrofni thgir eht evah sreganam taht evitarepmi si ti dlrow evititepmoc-reve siht ni gnikam noisiceD etatilicaf oT .noitazinagro yna fo gninoitcnuf eht fo trap largetni na si

YRAMMUS EVITUCEXE YRAMMUS EVITUCEXE YRAMMUS EVITUCEXE YRAMMUS EVITUCEXE

34
.8691 sa ylrae sa smetsys

det m L CCA det m L CCA detiiiimiiiiL CCA det m L CCA tnemeganaM tnemeganaM tnemeganaM
stifeneb dna

.yduts ruo ni sucof emirp fo saw eht ot tcepser htiw SIM fo

weiv citsiloh dna citsilaer a teg oT

.elor troppus lanoitcnuf eht dna elor gnirotinom

.snoisiced evitceffe ekat ot redro ni tnemeganam

gnikam noisiceD

eht

ta

ecalp

ni

SIM

eht

fo

ssenevitceffe

eht

sevitucexe eht htiw noitcaretni ruo hguorhT .ynapmoc eht fo tnemtrapeD serotS lairetaM eht ni decitcarp tnemeganaM yrotnevnI no sisahpme laiceps htiw elohw a sa ynapmoC eht ot troppus SIM eht yduts lliw eW. SIM fo pleh eht htiw CCA yb desu dna thguos si ti woh dna sesoprup gnikam noisiced rof sisab raluger a no dedeen si noitamrofni tahw fo egdelwonk poleved lliw eW .CCA ni SIM fo deen eht dniheb snosaer eht dnatsrednu ot si yduts ruo fo epocs ehT

.ssenisub eht ot stifeneb laer sreviled noitulos eht erusne dna ygolonhcet eht ot tnemnorivne lanretxe eht htiw noitcaretni dna sessecorp lanretni pam ot SIM seriuqer .dtL CCA

dna detnemelpmi yltnerruc si taht noitulos TI eht ,SIM eht fo stnemeriuqer lanoitcnuf derised ro segnellahc yek ,noitazinagro eht fo sdeen ssenisub eht gnizylana ta yduts ruo mia ot dnetni eW

.devlovni sksir eht dna metsys a hcus fo tuo devired stifeneb ,SIM eht yb demrofrep snoitcnuf suoirav ,elacs gib a no sputes ssenisub ni SIM fo sdeen eht otni thgisni na teg ot ,niamod siht fo pleh eht htiw dna .dtL CCA fo noitatnemelpmi SIM eht yduts ot si tcejorp siht fo evitcejbo ehT

35
.noitazinagro tuoba thgisni na tog ew ,detimiL CCA fo

YDUTS EHT FO EPOCS YDUTS EHT FO EPOCS YDUTS EHT FO EPOCS YDUTS EHT FO EPOCS

.metsys a hcus fo emoctuo eht

YDUTS EHT FO EVITCEJBO

lacihte hgih sti ,ssenildneirf-tnemnorivne ot tnemtimmoc stI .sessecorp tnemeganam lennosrep dna gnitekram ,noitcudorp sti fo tcepser ni yrtsudni tnemec eht rof kramhcneb tnatropmi

dna rettesdnert a neeb sah ynapmoc eht ,6391 ni noitpecni sti ecniS .secivres ycnatlusnoc dezilaiceps dna tnempoleved tcudorp ,hcraeser evitavonni fo drocer kcart euqinu a sah ytilicaf tnempoleved dna hcraeser s'CCA .srelaed 000,9 revo fo krowten noitubirtsid ediwyrtnuoc a dna snosrep 0009 tuoba fo ecrofkrow a sah tI .seciffo lanoz lareves dna ,seciffo selas 91 ,stnalp etercnoc xim ydaeR 31 ,seirotcaf tnemec nredom 41 htiw yrtnuoc eht tuohguorht daerps era snoitarepo s'CCA .etercnoc dna tnemec fo rerutcafunam tsomerof s'aidnI si )detimiL CCA(

36

CCA

DETIMIL CCA EHT ELIFORP YNAPMOC DETIMIL CCA EHT ELIFORP YNAPMOC DETIMIL CCA EHT ELIFORP YNAPMOC DETIMIL CCA EHT ELIFORP YNAPMOC

.daorba stnalp tnemec fo ecnanetniam dna noitarepo eht ni spleh osla dna ,sremusnoc fo yteirav a ot ycnatlusnoc laireganam dna lacinhcet dedivorp sah ti erehw ,aciremA htuoS dna ,acirfA ,tsaE elddiM eht ot saesrevo secivres sti dednetxe osla sah CCA

.stcudorp dna slairetam fo tnemevom drawtuo dna drawni rof secivres krowten tropsnart daor eht fo resu tsomerof eht dna ,syawliaR naidnI eht fo sremotsuc tseggib eht fo eno si ti ,aidnI ni recudorp tnemec tsegral eht sA .laoc fo sresu lapicnirp eht fo eno osla si ti dna ,enotsemil fo resu tsegral eht gnieb ,gninim ni ecneirepxe hcir sah CCA

,stcudorp

ni

stnemevorpmi

suounitnoc

osla

serusne sihT .yrtsudni tnemec naidnI eht ni dnik sti fo eno ylno eht - ytilicaf pukcab ygolonhcet dna hcraeser esuoh-ni ,lufrewop a yb detroppus era sessenisub suoirav s'ynapmoc ehT

.aidnI fo sdnarB repuS remusnoC fo tsil eht ni serugif taht ynapmoc tnemec ylno eht si tI .tekram naidnI eht ni ytiuqe fo level hgih a syojne dna tnemec htiw suomynonys si eman dnarb sCCA

dna

noitavresnoc

ygrene

,tnemevorpmi dna

ssecorp fo

gnidulcni

ygolonhcet

etercnoc

tnemec

dna tnemec fo erutcafunam eht ni reenoip a neeb sah CCA ,ecnetsixe sti fo sraey 07 eht nI

.esitrepxe sti gnirahs dna secivres ,stcudorp ytilauq fo yaw yb ssecorp gnidliub noitan eht ot snoitubirtnoc tnacifingis edam sah CCA .nezitic etaroproc elbisnopser a sa mialcca ti now evah smargorp eraflew ytinummoc ni stroffe gniog-no sti dna sgnilaed ssenisub ni sdradnats

37
.saera noitacilppa dna ,sessecorp tub ytilauq tcudorp ni ycnetsisnoc tsuj ton .setercnoc ecnamrofrep hgih fo tnempoleved ,noitazilitu ynam lairetam ni war ni a stnemevorpmi dna etercnoc saera rettesdnert

.DTL CCA EHT FO ERUTCURTS LANOITAZINAGRO

.seirotcaf sti raen gnivil sessalc degelivirp-rednu eht fo snoitidnoc gnivil eht evorpmi ot seitivitca fo egnar ediw a gnikatrednu nezitic etaroproc doog a gnieb fo secitcarp eht setartsnomed CCA

38

etaerc dna esu ot seigolonhcet eseht tup ot yaw a dnif ot si egnellahc ehT .noitcnuf ssenisub cigetarts a otni gnisahcrup fo noitamrofsnart eht ni relbane yek a si )ygolonhceT noitamrofnI( TI

eb

nac

reyub

erots ehT

.trac

gnippohs

ot

noisufnoc yrassecennu tneverp nac siht dna reppohs eht ot deyalpsid eb nac elbaliava ytitnauq ehT .esuoheraw eht ni elbaliava stcudorp fo tnuoma eht no desab secirp egnahc ro ,kcots ni ton era taht stcudorp edih ot golatac tcudorp ruoy tes nac uoy tnemeganam yrotnevni htiW

ruoy taht erus ekam nac uoy stiforp dna sdoog fo nruter dna elas ,sdoog fo tpiecer ,noitaulav dna tnemevom ,noitacol yrotnevni ot gniniatrep noitamrofni etarucca ylemit gnidivorp yB

niahc ylppus eht ni enoyna taht noitautis laedi na si snoitciderp ylppus dna dnamed etarucca gnikaM .ylsuoires tnemeganam yrotnevni redisnoc seinapmoc hcus taht evitarepmi semoceb ti sdnamed remusnoc no desab esnopser remusnoc tneiciffe etatilicaf ot niahc ylppus eritne eht stcapmi sihT .laitnesse si tsacerof dnamed etarucca na taht seilpmi stcudorp fo tnuoma thgir eht gniylppuS .eganam ot tluciffid ylemertxe yllausu si dnamed evissecxe ni si taht tcudorp A

39
.egatnavda evititepmoc dna eulav .slevel yrotnevni wol tuoba deifiton yllacitamotua elbaliava ton smeti sdda reppohs eht nehw .krowten a tuohguorht elbisiv si yrotnevni .ffo maerd dluoc anera tnemeganam

TNEMEGANAM YROTNEVNI TNEMEGANAM YROTNEVNI TNEMEGANAM YROTNEVNI TNEMEGANAM YROTNEVNI

.dengila era yrtnuoc eht ssorca seigolonhcet dna sessecorp ssenisub ,elpoep cigetarts dna i9 evom siht sti no htiW .wollof ot detcepxe era saw noisiced sihT taht stifeneb ssenisub PRE eht dna na a ot i6 sevitcejbo repoleveD sah CCA

desab gnisu

ylelos

elcarO

smetsys

depoleved

esuoh-ni

.stnemeriuqer ssenisub dna seigolonhcet elbaliava yb denimreted snoitisnart ylemit edam sah ti senihcam desab 3002 swodniW dna XINU tsetal eht ot 1041MBI morf eht ,smetsys ni edam enil-no neeb ot gnissecorp hctaB morF .erutcurtsarfni .senihcam dna smetsys noitacilppa gnisu

evah

stnemevorpmi

tnacifingiS

saw ti nehw 8691 ni syad eht morf yaw gnol a delevart sah noitazinagro ehT.8691 sa ylrae sa smetsys sti gniziretupmoc detrats noitazinagro ehT .TI dna noitamotua tpoda dna ygolonhcet noitamrofni fo ecnatropmi dna laitnetop eht ezilaer ot seinapmoc naidnI tsrif eht fo eno si CCA

.dediova yrotnevni ezidnahcrem ssecxe no diap smuimerp ecnarusni dna sexaT yrotnevni gnizidnahcrem fo ezis tcaxe eht fo egdelwonK selas desaercnI decuder segnahc dnamed ot emit esnopseR dlos seititnauQ dna dettimmoc seititnauQ ,dnah no seititnauQ no ytilibisiv etelpmoC yrotnevni eht fo eulav eht tuoba noitamrofni etelpmoC .yrotnevni fo lortnoc etelpmoC snoitacilppa tnemeganam yrotnevni fo stifeneB ytivitcudorp desaercnI tnemtsevni yrotnevni decudeR ecivres remotsuc devorpmI

:era tnemeganaM yrotnevnI ni sevitcejbO niaM ehT

MIS AT ACC CEMENT

40
.noitulos morf desab pmuj mutnauq edam gnihcnupyek elpmis NOITAMROFNI LARENEG

.snoisiced gnikam ni sreganam eht gnitroppus fo elbapac metsys eht gnikaM .metsys nommoc a hguorht tnemtraped yna tuoba noitamrofni deriuqer eht lla fo ytilibaliavA

.segakcap etarapes fo esac ni srucco taht ataD fo ycnadnudeR eht gnicudeR .noitazinagro na ni atad fo emulov egral eht fo gnissecorp retteB

era SIM detargetni na htiw detaicossa stifeneb ehT

eht gnivorpmi suht ,yad-yb-yad retteb gnimoceb si metsys tluser a sA .metsys eht fo srorre eht gnivomer dna ytilanoitcnuf eht gnivorpmi no gnikrow ylsuounitnoc llits si tnemtraped TI

.dtL CCA ta lortnoc ssecorp rof noitatnemelpmi PRE ehT

.woleb

erugif

eht

ni

nwohs

si

lortnoc

ssecorp

41

SIM DETARGETNI NA ROF DEEN

.ynapmoc eht fo ytivitcudorp

rof

noitulos

PRE

fo

noitatnemelpmi

ehT

erawtfoS ecnanetn aM ev tneverP dez retupmoC erawtfoS ecnanetn aM ev tneverP dez retupmoC erawtfoS ecnanetniiiiaM eviiiitneverP deziiiiretupmoC erawtfoS ecnanetn aM ev tneverP dez retupmoC

tnemyaP thgierf nallahc muc eciovni htiw detargetni si tnemhgieW stroper tnemevoM kcurT ,stropeR tnemeganaM emiT

0001 = 2x005

egd rB hg eW egd rB hg eW egdiiiirB hgiiiieW egd rB hg eW

gnissap llib dna noitisop eussi ,kcots yliaD etaG ytiruceS dna egdirB hgieW htiw noitargetnI

metsyS tnemeganaM s a retaM waR metsyS tnemeganaM s a retaM waR metsyS tnemeganaM sllllaiiiiretaM waR metsyS tnemeganaM s a retaM waR

eludoM ecnamrofrep tnalP dna nwod kaerB

no tcudorP no tcudorP noiiiitcudorP no tcudorP )ecnanetn aM & gn rutcafunaM( tna P )ecnanetn aM & gn rutcafunaM( tna P )ecnanetniiiiaM & gniiiirutcafunaM( tnallllP )ecnanetn aM & gn rutcafunaM( tna P SIM TNERRUC YB DEDIVORP SNOITCNUF SIM TNERRUC YB DEDIVORP SNOITCNUF SIM TNERRUC YB DEDIVORP SNOITCNUF SIM TNERRUC YB DEDIVORP SNOITCNUF
.tnalp niam eht htiw gnola eciffo etaroproc eht dna ynapmoc eht fo seciffo lanoiger suoirav eht neewteb noitacinummoc eht etatilicaF

noitisop kcotS ,eludoM egappots dna stropeR SIM

smetsyS tnemyaP thgierF tropsnarT

etaG ytiruceS htiw detargetnI

egdirb hgiew lacinahcem eno deppotS

yad elgnis ni erat dna ssorg rof hgiew nac skcurt 005

.tnalp eht edistuo dna edisni noitisop kcurT

eludom siht gnisu era tnalp htoB

eludoM nwod kaerB dna ecnanetniaM evitneverP

yrotnevni htiw detargetni dna eludom nwodtuhS

eludom egasu slliks dna seraps fo gnitsaceroF

42

yrotnevnI noN & yrotnevnI serotS yrotnevnI noN & yrotnevnI serotS yrotnevnI noN & yrotnevnI serotS yrotnevnI noN & yrotnevnI serotS

tpieceR yawliaR ,stnemeriuqeR tekraM eerF noitcurtsnI hctapsiD dna snoitamrifnoC redrO eludom gnissap lliB tropsnarT eludoM xaT selaS dna eludom esicxE

metsyS s sy ana dna gn tnuoccA gn tekraM metsyS s sy ana dna gn tnuoccA gn tekraM metsyS siiiisyllllana dna gniiiitnuoccA gniiiitekraM metsyS s sy ana dna gn tnuoccA gn tekraM s a cremmoC snoitacilppA llaiicremmoC

stroper sisylana ylraey/ylhtnom/yliaD stnemeriuqer nwodtuhs dna cohda ,raluger tsniagA tnemyolped ruobaL rotcartnoC fo ylppus yliaD

metsyS gn tnuocca dna tnemyo peD ruobaL metsyS gn tnuocca dna tnemyo peD ruobaL metsyS gniiiitnuocca dna tnemyollllpeD ruobaL metsyS gn tnuocca dna tnemyo peD ruobaL

retsaM etaR htiw detargetnI .stnemtraped lla ot dedivorP nosrep dezirohtua yb deraperp eb lliw redrO kroW

s sy ana dna redrO kroW s sy ana dna redrO kroW siiiisyllllana dna redrO kroW s sy ana dna redrO kroW yt ruceS s a retaM drawtuO & drawnI yt ruceS s a retaM drawtuO & drawnI ytiiiiruceS sllllaiiiiretaM drawtuO & drawnI yt ruceS s a retaM drawtuO & drawnI

sdoog elbanruter no lortnoC

.tegdub dnA

metsys gnissap lliB ruobal rotcartnoC

.setoN tiderC ,etoN tibeD ,eciovnI laicremmoC

slairetaM tpieceR dna eussI ,tnedni eniL nO

eludehcS yrevileD

yrotnevni eht gnillortnoC

yrotnevni desaercni eht gnillortnoC

yrammuS noitpmusnoc ,regdeL serotS

.noitpmusnoC lautcA s/V tegduB ,stroper SIM

egakcaP laicnanif htiw detargetnI

.sesnepxE esiW tnemtrapeD ,yrotnevni ecnanetniam & riapeR

43

tnempo eveD ecruoseR namuH tnempo eveD ecruoseR namuH tnempolllleveD ecruoseR namuH tnempo eveD ecruoseR namuH

cte latnedicca ,tsil enohpeleT ,snoitalugeR dna selur erafleW esiw tnemtraped sutatS emit revO esiw retrauQ ,esiw eeyolpmE noitcudeD yticirtcelE sutats gnisolc dna deliava ,gninepo .e.I sutats evaeL enil nO tuoba sresU ot dedivorp noitamrofnI

metsyS no tamrofn areneG en nO metsyS no tamrofn areneG en nO metsyS noiiiitamrofniiii llllareneG eniiiillll nO metsyS no tamrofn areneG en nO tnemevoM e c heV tnemevoM e c heV tnemevoM ellllciiiiheV tnemevoM e c heV

stropeR SIM eludom lloryaP dna yrotnevni htiw detargetnI .stroper sisylanA daehrevO ,metsyS tnemyap ,srettel gnidrawrof knaB ,ecivda tnemyap otuA .sraey laicnaniF owt fo ecnalab lairT dna regdeL buS ,regdeL lareneG eludoM SDT dna gnissap llib sesnepxE rehtO gnissap llib thgierf dna esahcruP gnideef rehcuov fo sepyt llA

metsyS gnitnuoccA laicnaniF

retsigeR tnednI / esahcruP ,stroper SIM redro esahcrup fo tsil gnidneP noitamrofni esiw ytraP ,yriuqne enil nO tnedni htiw noitargetni redrO esahcruP

metsyS tnemeganaM esahcruP metsyS tnemeganaM esahcruP metsyS tnemeganaM esahcruP metsyS tnemeganaM esahcruP

)raluger ,ecnavdA( metsyS ecivdA tnemyaP

,tegduB hsaC

cte raC ,ixaT no gnillortnoC

noitamrofni erafleW ,tegdub tsniaga noitpmusnoC lautcA

,emmargorP ssenerawA lareneG ,sesruoC cipoT

tni/txe fo drocer laudividnI ,WCL fo ANT ,nemkroW fo ANT

44
.cte gniniarT gnidneP ,gniniarT

)sdoog e banruter-noN& e banruteR( metsyS ssaP etaG )sdoog e banruter-noN& e banruteR( metsyS ssaP etaG )sdoog ellllbanruter-noN& ellllbanruteR( metsyS ssaP etaG )sdoog e banruter-noN& e banruteR( metsyS ssaP etaG

,metsyS tnemyaP sesnepxE ,gnidaol ataD metsyS tnemyaP tneR ,smetsyS gnitnuoccA selaS

smetsyS gn tnuoccA se aS smetsyS gn tnuoccA se aS smetsyS gniiiitnuoccA sellllaS smetsyS gn tnuoccA se aS

eludoM ffo-C ,emiT revO egakcaP laicnaniF htiw detargetnI esiw eeyolpmE xaT emocnI dna SIP ,noitcudeD & yrevoceR .eludoM secnavda evitarepo-oC ,yteicoS tfirhT ,DTC ,CIL eludoM ytiutarG ,sunoB ,FPV ,FP rekroW lausaC & ildaB ,loohcS ,rekroW ,ffatS fo pilsyaP

e udoM SIP & oryaP e udoM SIP & oryaP elllludoM SIP & lllllllloryaP e udoM SIP & oryaP

)OH morf derrefsnarT( tnemtrapeD gnitekraM fo lloryaP

SAF ni gnirrefsnarT ,SIM ,tnemyaP thgierF

ssaP etaG deziretupmoC hguorht dnes sdoog llA

.metsyS etaG htiw detargetnI

45
noitamrofni smeti riaper gnidneP

Weigh Bridge & Gate System

CMMS (Computerized Mines Management System)

Co-operative Management System

Inventory System MAAS (Marketing & Analysis

Payroll & Leave Managem ent System

Costing Package Financial System

Production Package

det m L CCA ta SIM fo erutcet hcrA det m L CCA ta SIM fo erutcet hcrA detiiiimiiiiL CCA ta SIM fo erutcetiiiihcrA det m L CCA ta SIM fo erutcet hcrA
46

:)DFC( margaiiiiD lllleveL txetnoC egakcaP yrotnevnI :)DFC( marga D eveL txetnoC egakcaP yrotnevnI :)DFC( marga D eveL txetnoC egakcaP yrotnevnI :)DFC( marga D eveL txetnoC egakcaP yrotnevnI :smarga d gn ssecorp ataD dna sDFD :smarga d gn ssecorp ataD dna sDFD :smargaiiid gniiissecorp ataD dna sDFD
.cte noitadpu kcots ,gnissap thgierf ,gnissap REO rehto ,gnissap llib ,esahcrup ,eussi yrotnevnI edulcni strap niam stI .syaw deriuqer tnereffid ni sreganam pleh ot stroper fo sepyt tnereffid 002 naht erom gnitareneg fo elbapac si tI .wol si yrotnevni nehw gnimralA otuA ekil seitilanoitcnuf fo elbapac dna seludom rehto eht htiw detargetni

ylhgih si tI .metsys eht fo strap tnatropmi tsom eht fo eno si eludoM tnemeganaM yrotnevnI

.ynapmoc eht fo snoitcnuf niam eht lla gnirevoc seludom niam 11 fo sesirpmoc tI .srepoleved edistuo morf thguob segakcap erawtfos edamydaer dezilaiceps wef fo gnisirpmoc osla ,metsys depoleved esuoh-nI a yllacisab si ynapmoc eht fo SIM tnerruC

SIM TNERRUC FO ELUDOM TNEMEGANAM YROTNEVNI SIM TNERRUC FO ELUDOM TNEMEGANAM YROTNEVNI SIM TNERRUC FO ELUDOM TNEMEGANAM YROTNEVNI SIM TNERRUC FO ELUDOM TNEMEGANAM YROTNEVNI

47

48

:DFD esahcruP yrotnevnI :DFD esahcruP yrotnevnI :DFD esahcruP yrotnevnI :DFD esahcruP yrotnevnI

:DFD eussI egakcaP yrotnevnI :DFD eussI egakcaP yrotnevnI :DFD eussI egakcaP yrotnevnI :DFD eussI egakcaP yrotnevnI

49

)e udoM yrotnevnI uF( gn ssecorP ataD )e udoM yrotnevnI uF( gn ssecorP ataD )elllludoM yrotnevnI lllllllluF( gniiiissecorP ataD )e udoM yrotnevnI uF( gn ssecorP ataD

NOITAERC EDOC METI .1 NOITAERC EDOC METI .1 NOITAERC EDOC METI .1

PREPARATION APPLICATION USED FOR WORK ORDER PREPARATION AT THE ACC LTD.

metI eugolataC noN ni puorg meti fo sepyt 9 era erehT

608

senicideM

708

yranoitatS

808

redrO riapeR

908

redrO noitatropsnarT

018

slairetam waR

118

sredrO latipaC

218

sredrO boJ

318

smetI yrotarobaL

50
418 sredro koob tceriD

51

gn tn rP redrO .6 gn tn rP redrO .6 gniiitniiirP redrO .6 no taraperP redrO .5 no taraperP redrO .5 noiiiitaraperP redrO .5 no taraperP redrO .5

no tadpU epyT tnednI .4 no tadpU epyT tnednI .4 noiiiitadpU epyT tnednI .4 no tadpU epyT tnednI .4 gn no tcnaS tnednI .3 gn no tcnaS tnednI .3 gniiiinoiiiitcnaS tnednI .3 gn no tcnaS tnednI .3 gn tsoP tnednI .2 gn tsoP tnednI .2 gniiiitsoP tnednI .2 gn tsoP tnednI .2

.elbaliava stroper fo sepyt 002 naht erom fo tuo stroper fo sepyt 51-01 ylno sesu reganam a ,egareva na no ,elpmaxe roF .snoisiced retteb ekam ot meht troppus nac taht yaw ni snoitcnuf eseht esu ylevitceffe ot sreganam ot gniniart fo kcal si ereht tub ,seitilanoitcnuf dedda wen htiw ylsuounitnoc metsys eht ni stnemevorpmi eht gnikam

.wols yrev emoceb ydaerla sah krowten eht ,seitilanoitcnuf erom dna erom gnidulcni yad-yb-yad gnivorpmi si ynapmoc eht fo SIM sA .ydaerla meht rof smelborp gnitaerc detrats sah hcihw ,neht morf troppus krowten eht dedargpu tnevah yehT .3991 ni desu

.etisbew sti ot metsys sti fo noitargetni on evah dna bew hguorht gniredro

.lairetam war gnivom tsaf eht rof neve ,yllacitamotua redroer ot derugifnoc eb tonnac metsyS .deriuqer si gniredroer nehw eht noitnevretni suht launam ,metsys dna krow repap ekil fo deen si ereht eht lla llits tuB .ycnadnuder detargetni

gnicuder

laicnanif

seludom

rehto

htiw

llew

- :swollof sa era hcihw ,meht fo wef eht nwod toj ot deirt ew llitS .htap erutuf sa detats eb nac daetsni dna smelborp hcus sa detats eb tnac smelborp esehT .smelborp laminim yrev fo gnitsisnoc dna level llarevo na ta enif gnikrow si metsys taht noisulcnoc cisab a ot emac ew ,ylreporp metsys eht gnizylana retfA

SMELBORP FO NOITACIFITNEDI SMELBORP FO NOITACIFITNEDI SMELBORP FO NOITACIFITNEDI SMELBORP FO NOITACIFITNEDI

si eludom tnemeganam yrotnevni hguohT .level a retfa

no targetn metsys fo kca tS no targetn metsys fo kca tS noiiiitargetniiii metsys fo kcallll lllllllliiiitS no targetn metsys fo kca tS

ro sredro gnikat fo tpecnoc eht deyolpme llits tnsah CCA

.no targetnI beW fo kcaL .no targetnI beW fo kcaL .noiiiitargetnI beW fo kcaL .no targetnI beW fo kcaL

yeht hcihw ,emas eht llits si CCA yb desu krowten enobkcaB

.troppuS krowteN ycageL

.metsys yllacisab si tnemtraped TI .ynapmoc eht ta tlef ew taht melborp rehtona si sihT .metsys fo seitilanoitcnuf troppus noisiced eht esu ylevitceffe ot sreganam ot gniniart fo kcaL

52

.noitadarg pu hcae htiw gnola koobdnah a gnidivorp yb enod osla eb nac sihT .yaw retteb a ni meht fo esu dna seitilanoitcnuf dedda eht gnisu ylevitceffe

.krowten rieht niatniam dna edargpu ylsuounitnoc ot OCSIC ro MBI ekil srotcartnoc edistuo emos htiw ynapmoc fo pu-eit eht tseggus ew ,esoprup siht roF .krowten sti edargpu ot sdeen ynapmoc ,siht poc oT .hsarc ot gniog si elbaliava krowteN tnerruc taht erus naht erom si ti

.yrtsudni gniworg eht htiw pu hctac

.ssecorp yad -ot-yad eht ni deziminim eb noitnevretni launam eht taht yaw a ni metsys eht gnitargetni yb enod eb dluohs sihT .eciffO sseL-repaP ynapmoc eht gnikam dna level rehgih

.ynapmoc eht rof snoitadnemmocer gniwollof gnitneserp si puorg ruo ,seirtsudni fo dnik ralimis eht ni desu smetsys SIM evitarapmoc no hcraeser dna sisylana rieht ,smelborp nevig eht gniredisnoC

SNOITADNEMMOCER SNOITADNEMMOCER SNOITADNEMMOCER SNOITADNEMMOCER

a no metsys eht gnitargetni sdrawot krow won dluohs ynapmoc eht fo tnemtraped TI

ot elba eb ot taht os ,gnilles dna gniredro desaB-beW trats osla dluohs ynapmoc ehT

,detaroprocni osla eb ot troppus-beW dna ,enod eb dluow SIM ni stnemevorpmi erom sA

tuoba ynapmoc eht fo sreganam eht ot gniniart tseggus ew ,noitadarg pu hcae htiW

53

54

TRAHC TTNAG TRAHC TTNAG TRAHC TTNAG TRAHC TTNAG

55

NEIRBO A SEMAJ -esirpretnE ssenisuB nI metsyS noitamrofnI tnemeganaM

RAKEDAWAJ.S.W -smetsyS noitamrofnI tnemeganaM

YHTRUM .V.S.C smetsyS noitamrofnI tnemeganaM

LAYOG .P.D ,evitcepsreP laireganaM A smetsyS noitamrofnI tnemeganaM

BIBLIOGRAPHY

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moc.pas.www .5 moc.sct.www .6 moc.detimilcca.www 5 derrefer setisbeW .4 .3 .2 .1 secruoS yradnoceS