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Pet Eval CH 4 Charts
Pet Eval CH 4 Charts
4
Electromagnetic Propagation and Microresistivity
Schlumberger
20
30
0 100
c
15 hm
00
15
ro
50
Ze
20
12
1 16 in.
[1.5 mm]
10
10
9
9
8 18 in. [3 mm]
8
7
7
c
m
6
R
6
xo /
R
of
5
lu
R1 × 1
Va
5
4.
Rmc
4
4
5
3
3
Rxo
h
2
Ze
1.5
5
1
1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 15 20
R2
Rmc
© Schlumberger
Enter the chart with the ratios R 1×1 /R mc and R 2 /R mc. The point the mudcake thickness is different from direct measurement
of intersection defines the R xo /R mc ratio and the mudcake thick- by the microcaliper. To correct, move the plotted point at 45°
ness, h mc. Knowing R mc , R xo can be calculated. to intersect the known h mc. For this new point, read R xo /R mc
For hole sizes other than 8 in. [203 mm], multiply R 1×1 /R mc from the chart and R 2 /R mc from the bottom scale of the chart.
by the following factors before entering the chart: 1.15 for
43⁄4-in. [120-mm] hole, 1.05 for 6-in. [152-mm] hole, and 0.93 R / R mc
R xo = R 2 xo
for 10-in. [254-mm] hole. R 2 / R mc
Note: An incorrect R mc will displace the points in the chart
along a 45° line. In certain cases this can be recognized when
5-9
Electromagnetic Propagation and Microresistivity
Schlumberger
Microlaterolog
(Type VIII hydraulic pad)
3.0
hmc
1.0 0 — 1 4 in.
[0 — 6.4 mm]
0.7
1 2 5 10 20 50 100
RMLL/Rmc
Proximity Log
(Isotropic mudcake)
3.0
hmc
2.0
Rpcor /Rp
Charts Rxo-2 and Rxo-3 correct microresistivity measurements the ratio of the corrected microresistivity value to the microresis-
for mudcake effect. To use, enter the ratio of the microresistivity tivity log reading is then given on the ordinate. Multiplication of
log reading divided by the mudcake resistivity into the abscissa this ratio by the microresistivity log reading yields the corrected
of the appropriate chart. Go vertically to the mudcake thickness; microresis tivity.
Continued on next page
5-10
Electromagnetic Propagation and Microresistivity
Schlumberger
Standard MicroSFL
MSFL version III mudcake correction, 8-in. borehole
3.0
2.5
hmc 1 in. [25.4 mm]
2.0
RMSFLcor /RMSFL
Slimhole MicroSFL
Slim MSFL mudcake correction, 8-in. borehole
3.0
2.5
1 in. [25.4 mm] 34 in. [19 mm]
2.0 Rxo
hmc
RMSFLcor /RMSFL
1.5
5-11
Basic Material
Schlumberger
Direct measurements of filtrate and mudcake samples are pre- Example: R m = 3.5 ohm-m at 75°F [24°C]
ferred. When not available, filtrate resistivity, R mf , and mudcake Gen
Mud weight = 12 lbm/gal [1440 kg/m3]
resistivity, R mc , may be estimated from one of the following
methods. Therefore, K m = 0.584
R mf = (0.584)(3.5)1.07 = 2.23 ohm-m at 75°F
M ethod 1
R mc = 0.69(2.23)(3.5/2.23)2.65 = 5.07 ohm-m at 75°F
Lowe and Dunlap (Reference 36)
The calculated value of R mf is more reliable than that of R mc.
For freshwater muds with mud resistivity, R m , in the range from
0.1 to 2.0 ohm-m at 75°F [24°C], and measured values of R m
and mud density, ρm , in pounds per gallon: M ud Weight
R lbm/gal kg/m3 Km
log mf = 0.396 − 0.0475 ρ m
Rm 10 1200 0.847
11 1320 0.708
M ethod 2 12 1440 0.584
13 1560 0.488
Overton and Lipson (Reference 1) 14 1680 0.412
For drilling muds with mud resistivity, R m , in the range from 0.1 16 1920 0.380
to 10.0 ohm-m at 75°F [24°C], where K m is given as a function 18 2160 0.350
of mud weight in the table below:
M ethod 3
R mf = K m ( R m )1.07 A statistical approximation, for predominantly NaCl muds, is
2.65 R mc = 1.5 R m , and R mf = 0.75 R m .
R
R mc = 0.69 ( R mf ) m
R mf
Crossplots for Porosity, Lithology and Saturation
Schlumberger
40
2.0
Salt
40
0
2.1
40
30
CP
2.2
30
Quartz sandstone
ne)
2.3
30
(limesto
20
20
ρb , bulk density (g/cm 3 )
2.4 Calcite
Dolomite
10
20
2.5
10
2.6
0
10
2.7
0
2.8
0
2.9
Anhydrite
3.0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
*Mark of Schlumberger Pe, photoelectric factor
© Schlumberger
4-26
Porosity
Schlumberger
1.1
1.2
)
ite
40
m
olo
)
ne
(d
s to
87
)
te
2.
nd
lc i
83
=
sa
(c
2.
a
m
rtz
71
=
ρ
Por
ua
2.
a
68
m
ρ
(q
=
2.
30
65
a
=
m
ρ
2.
a
m
ρ
=
a
m
ρ
φ, poros ity, (p.u.)
ρma – ρb
20 φ=
ρma – ρf
10
0
2.8 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.0
2.31
*Mark of Schlumberger
ρb , bulk de ns ity (g/cm3 )
© Schlumberger
Bulk density, ρb, as recorded with the FDC* Compensated Example: ρb = 2.31 g/cm3 in limestone lithology
Formation Density or Litho-Density* logs, is converted to poros- ρma = 2.71 (calcite)
ity with this chart. To use, enter bulk density, corrected for bore-
ρf = 1.1 (salt mud)
hole size, in abscissa; go to the appropriate reservoir rock type
and read porosity on the appropriate uid density, ρf , scale in Therefore, φ D = 25 p.u.
ordinate. (ρf is the density of the uid saturating the rock imme-
diately surrounding the borehole usually mud ltrate.)
3-5