Past Papers Worksheet Upper and Lower Bounds IGCSE Mathematics 0580

32 cm correct to 31 32 33
the nearest cm 31.5 32.5

Lower boundary Upper boundary

Finding Upper and Lower Bound

1) 32 cm (correct to the nearest cm) Upper Bound _____ , Lower Bound ______
2)50° (correct to nearest 10°) Upper Bound _____ , Lower Bound ______
3)4.2m (correct to nearest 0.1 m) Upper Bound _____ , Lower Bound ______
4) 958 units (correct to the nearest 100 unit) Upper Bound _____ , Lower Bound ______
5)200 cm (correct to the nearest hundred mm ) Upper Bound _____ , Lower Bound ______
6)8 kg (correct to the nearest integer ) Upper Bound _____ , Lower Bound ______
7)24.3 seconds (correct to nearest 1 dp) Upper Bound _____ , Lower Bound ______
8) 18.55 liters (correct to nearest 2 dp) Upper Bound _____ , Lower Bound ______
9) 5140 (correct to 3 significant figures) Upper Bound _____ , Lower Bound ______
10) 74 (correct to 2 significant figures) Upper Bound _____ , Lower Bound ______
11) 7.6km (correct to 2 significant figures) Upper Bound _____ , Lower Bound ______
12) 0.23 sec (correct to 2 significant figures) Upper Bound _____ , Lower Bound ______
Answers: 1)32.5, 31.5 2)55° , 45° 3)4.25, 4.15 4)1008, 908 5)205, 195, 6)8.5, 7.5 7)24.35, 24.25
8) 18.555, 18.545 9)5145, 5135 10)74.5, 73.5 11)7.65, 7.55 12)0.235, 0.225

Observations

Area= Length x Width Speed = Distance/Time if d = a – b then

Area UB = Length UB x Width UB Speed UB = Distance UB / Time LB d UB = a UB - b LB
Area LB = Length LB x Width LB Speed LB = Distance LB / Time UB d LB = a LB - b UB
if s = a + b then Length UB = Area UB / Width LB
s UB = a UB + b UB & s LB = a LB + b LB Length LB = Area LB / Width UB

1. The length of a car is 4.2 m, correct to 1 decimal place.

Write down the upper bound and the lower bound of the length of this car. [2]
0580/23/O/N/16 Q8) 4.25 & 4.15
2. An equilateral triangle has side length 12cm, correct to the nearest centimetre.
Find the lower bound and the upper bound of the perimeter of the triangle. [2]
0580/22/O/N/18 Q11) 34.5 & 37.5
3. An equilateral triangle has sides of length 16.1cm, correct to the nearest millimetre.
Find the lower and upper bounds of the perimeter of the triangle . [2]
0580/21/M/J/13 Q9) 48.15cm, 48.45cm

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 4. The sides of a triangle are 5.2cm, 6.3cm and 9.4 cm, each correct to the nearest millimetre.
Calculate the lower bound of the perimeter of the triangle . [2]
0580/22/O/N/17 Q10) 20.75cm
5. The length of a rectangle is 9.3cm, correct to 1 decimal place.
Its width is 7.7 cm, correct to 1 decimal place.
Write down the lower bound and the upper bound for the area of the rectangle.[3]
0580/22/F/M/17 Q7) 70.7625 and 72.4625
6. A circle has a radius of 8.5cm correct to the nearest 0.1cm.
The lower bound for the area of the circle is pπ cm2.
The upper bound for the area of the circle is qπ cm2.
Find the value of p and the value of q. [3]
0580/22/O/N/13 Q12) p = 71.4025 , q = 73.1025
7. The sides of a square are 8 cm, correct to the nearest centimetre.
Calculate the upper bound for the area of the square. [2]
0580/22/O/N/16 Q6) 72.25
8. The sides of a square are 15.1cm, correct to 1 decimal place.
Find the upper bound of the area of the square [2]
0580/21/O/N/19 Q12) 229.5225
9. (a) The length of the side of a square is 12cm, correct to the nearest centimetre.
Calculate the upper bound for the perimeter of the square. [2]
(b) Jo measures the length of a rope and records her measurement correct to the nearest ten
centimetres. The upper bound for her measurement is 12.35m. Write down the measurement
she records. [1]
0580/23/M/J/18 Q16) (a)50 (b) 12.3
10. The side of a square is 6.3 cm, correct to the nearest millimetre.
The lower bound of the perimeter of the square is u cm and the upper bound of the perimeter is
v cm. Calculate the value of (a) u, [1] (b) v – u. [1]
0580/23/O/N/10 Q12) (a) 25 (b) 0.4
11. The area of a square is 42.5cm2, correct to the nearest 0.5cm2.
Calculate the lower bound of the length of the side of the square. [2]
0580/23/O/N/18 Q12) 6.5
12. Joe measures the side of a square correct to 1 decimal place.
He calculates the upper bound for the area of the square as 37.8225cm2.
Work out Joe’s measurement for the side of the square. [2]
0580/22/M/J/13 Q8) 6.1
13. The base of a triangle is 9 cm correct to the nearest cm.
The area of this triangle is 40cm2 correct to the nearest 5cm2.
Calculate the upper bound for the perpendicular height of this triangle. [3]
0580/22/M/J/16 Q13) 10
14. Rice is sold in 75 gram packs and 120 gram packs.
The masses of both packs are given correct to the nearest gram.

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 Calculate the lower bound for the difference in mass between the two packs [2]
0580/21/M/J/15 Q6) 44
15. One year ago Ahmed’s height was 114cm. Today his height is 120cm.
Both measurements are correct to the nearest centimetre.
Work out the upper bound for the increase in Ahmed’s height. [2]
0580/22/M/J/15 Q10)7
16. In 2016, a company sold 9600 cars, correct to the nearest hundred
(i) Write down the lower bound for the number of cars sold [1]
(ii) The average profit on each car sold was $2430, correct to the nearest $10.
Calculate the lower bound for the total profit. Write down the exact answer. [2]
0580/43/M/J/17 Q1(a)(i) 9550 (ii) 23 158 750
17. On one day, the number of members using the exercise machines was 40, correct to the nearest
10. Each member used a machine for 30 minutes, correct to the nearest 5 minutes.
Calculate the lower bound for the number of minutes the exercise machines were used on this
day. [2]
0580/41/M/J/18 Q10(b) 962.5
18. The number of spectators at the 2010 World Cup match between Argentina and Mexico was
82 000 correct to the nearest thousand. If each spectator paid 2600 Rand (R) to attend the
game, what is the lower bound for the total amount paid?
Write your answer in standard form. [3]
0580/22/O/N/12 Q7) 2.119 × 108
19. Saafia has a barrel containing 6000 millilitres of oil, correct to the nearest 100ml.
She uses the oil to fill bottles which each hold exactly 50ml.
Calculate the upper bound for the number of bottles she can fill. [2]
0580/21/O/N/18 Q8) 121
20. A large water bottle holds 25 litres of water correct to the nearest litre.
A drinking glass holds 0.3 litres correct to the nearest 0.1 litre.
Calculate the lower bound for the number of glasses of water which can be filled from the
bottle. [3]
0580/21/O/N/12 Q10) 70
21. The diagram shows three identical cuboids in a tower

The height of one cuboid is 6.5 cm, correct to the nearest millimetre.
Work out the upper bound of the height of the tower. [2] 0580/21/O/N/17 Q8) 19.65cm
22. (i) A rod has length 2.9 m, correct to 1 decimal place.
What is the upper bound for the length of the rod? [1]
(ii) Will the rod fit completely in a box of diagonal length of 3.02m?

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 Give a reason for your answer. [1]
0580/42/M/J/11 Q2(c)(i) 2.95 (ii) Yes and because 2.95 < 3.02
23. The cost of making a chair is $28 correct to the nearest dollar.
Calculate the lower and upper bounds for the cost of making 450 chairs. [2]
0580/22/O/N/11 Q4) 12375 & 12825
24. A fence is made from 32 identical pieces of wood, each of length 2 metres correct to the nearest
centimetre. Calculate the lower bound for the total length of the wood used to make this fence.
Write down your full calculator display. [3]
0580/22/M/J/10 Q9) 63.84
25. Ashraf takes 1500 steps to walk d metres from his home to the station.
Each step is 90 centimetres correct to the nearest 10 cm.
Find the lower bound and the upper bound for d. [3]
0580/22/M/J/11 Q9) 1275, 1425
26. The volume of a cuboid is 878cm3, correct to the nearest cubic centimetre.
The length of the base of the cuboid is 7cm, correct to the nearest centimetre.
The width of the base of the cuboid is 6cm, correct to the nearest centimetre.
Calculate the lower bound for the height of the cuboid [3]
0580/23/O/N/15 Q20) 18
27. (b) John wants to estimate the value of π. He measures the circumference of a circular pizza as
105 cm and its diameter as 34 cm, both correct to the nearest centimetre.
Calculate the lower bound of his estimate of the value of π. Give your answer correct to 3
decimal places. [4]
(c) The volume of a cylindrical can is 550 cm3, correct to the nearest 10 cm3.
The height of the can is 12 cm correct to the nearest centimetre.
Calculate the upper bound of the radius of the can.
Give your answer correct to 3 decimal places. [5]
0580/41/O/N/11 Q9(b) 3.028 or 3.029 (c) 3.919
28. Anna walks 31km at a speed of 5km/h.
Both values are correct to the nearest whole number.
Work out the upper bound of the time taken for Anna’s walk. [2]
0580/22/M/J/18 Q12) 7
29. Asma runs 22 kilometres, correct to the nearest kilometre.
1
She takes 2 hours, correct to the nearest half hour.
2
Calculate the upper bound of Asma’s speed. [3]
0580/41/O/N/14 Q2(d)10
30. One lap of the race track measures 3720 metres, correct to the nearest 10 metres.
A car completed the lap in 75 seconds, correct to the nearest second.
Calculate the upper bound for the average speed of this car.
Give your answer in kilometres per hour. [4]
0580/41/M/J/17 Q2(d)180

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 31. On a journey, the train took 73 minutes, correct to the nearest minute, to travel 215 km, correct
to the nearest 5km. Calculate the upper bound of the average speed of the train for this
journey. Give your answer in km/h. [4]
0580/43/O/N/17 Q3(c) 180
32. Ellie drives a car at a constant speed of 30 m/s correct to the nearest 5 m/s.
She maintains this speed for 5 minutes correct to the nearest 10 seconds.
Calculate the upper bound of the distance in kilometres that Ellie could have travelled. [5]
0580/43/O/N/14 Q9(c) 9.9125
33. The formula v = u + at can be used to calculate the speed, v, of a car.
u = 15, a = 2 and t = 8, each correct to the nearest integer.
Calculate the upper bound of the speed v. [3]
0580/43/O/N/13 Q8(b) 36.75
𝑏×ℎ
34. 𝐴 =
2
A = 10, correct to the nearest whole number.
h = 4, correct to the nearest whole number.
Work out the upper bound for the value of b. [3] 0580/23/M/J/19 Q16) 6
35. (a) V = IR
In an experiment I and R are both measured correct to 1 decimal place.
When I = 4.0 and R = 2.7, find the lower bound for V. [2]
(b) S = D/T
In an experiment D and T are both measured correct to 2 significant figures.
When D = 7.6 and T = 0.23, find the upper bound for S. [2]
0580/23/M/J/16 Q17 (a) 10.4675 (b) 34

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