College of Hospitality Management

First Semester, A.Y. 2023-2024

Prelim

HME 1 HOUSEKEEPING OPERATIONS

Module 2.1.
PUBLIC AREA MAINTENANCE

2.1.
A. Job Description of Public Maintenance Personnel
B. Cleaning Equipment and their Proper Usage
C. Floor Cleaning Tools, Supplies and Materials
D. Cleaning Standards
E. Floor Care, Cleaning and Maintenance
F. Floor Cleaning Process – Stripping, Sealing, Finishing and Maintaining
G. Types of Floor Cleaning and Maintenance
- Floor Polishing
- Carpet Shampooing, Spot Removal
- Carpet Extraction – Procedures
- Spray Buffing
2.2.
A. Toilet and Bathroom Cleaning
- Cleaning of Bathroom Walls
- Cleaning of Toilet Bowl
B. Furniture Cleaning, Care and Maintenance
C. Window Cleaning
D. Kitchen Cleaning
E. Cleaning the Living Room / Family Room
F. Dining Room Cleaning
G. Cleaning Stairs, Hallways and Foyers
H. Cleaning Offices and Dens
I. The 5 S’s of Good Housekeeping
J. Key Elements to Effectively Sustain the 5 S’s
 I. Objectives;
At the end of the course, the student is expected to;
➢ Apply the correct chemicals, equipment and procedures for cleaning the room.
➢ Select chemicals used in housekeeping department and state their intended uses.
➢ Recite the intended purposes of chemicals used in the housekeeping department and define
common chemical terms presented.
➢ Familiarize on the different hotel housekeeping cleaning supplies.
➢ Comply with occupational health and safety requirements in preparing dry and wet
cleaning agents and chemicals.
➢ Identify and explain different cleaning operations, chemicals and treatment of common
hazards.
➢ Perform the general rules in the use of cleaning equipment.
➢ Demonstrate hotel standard procedure on bathroom cleaning.
➢ Apply hotel standard procedure on furniture cleaning.
➢ Perform hotel standard on furniture cleaning.
➢ Perform cleaning wet and dry areas according to enterprise procedures.
➢ Practice maintaining and storing cleaning equipment and chemicals.

II. Lecture
Public area refers to all parts of a building, hotel, resort or any lodging establishment which
are for public use. These include corridors, hallways, grounds reception areas, public comfort
rooms, offices and function areas where social events like parties and seminars are held.
Among hotels and resorts, the cleaning and maintenance of public areas is assigned to a sub
section of the Housekeeping Department, headed by a “Public Area Maintenance Supervisor”,
sometimes known as “Head Houseman”. His crew consists of cleaners, known as “Public Area
Attendant” or “Houseman”, gardeners and pest control technicians (if this is done in house.)
Among small Establishment, the houseman or the housekeeper assigned to public areas does
multiple tasks like janitorial work, facilities maintenance, gardening and pest control
The Responsibilities of the above-mentioned personnel are as follows:
2.1.A.
JOB DESCRIPTION OF PUBLIC MAINTENANCE PERSONNEL
• Public Area Supervisor or Head Houseman
➢ Public Area Supervisor is responsible for the cleanliness of hotels public areas including
hotel exteriors. He or She also need to train and inspect the performance of assigned public
area attendants ensuring that all procedures are completed as per the hotel's operating
standards.
Basic Function: the direct and control all activities concerning public area maintenance and to
ensure conformity to prescribed housekeeping standards and policies.
Duties and Responsibilities;
1. Maintains quality housekeeping in all public areas paying special attention to
cleanliness, orderliness and safety in all covered areas;
2. Conducts regular inspection of the different public areas; checks the quality of cleaning
and maintenance and ensure that all areas are free of safety hazards.
3. Checks order in all areas and makes sure that fixtures and furniture are installed in the
right order and location.
4. Monitors and supervises the proper use, storage and maintenance of cleaning
equipment as well as housekeeping tools and supplies.
5. Checks equipment regularly for their condition, have them cleaned regularly and
repaired when out of order.
6. Checks and maintains par stock requirements. Makes requisition to replenish supplies.
7. Initiates and supervises weekly inventory of cleaning supplies and other housekeeping
items allocated to his unit, reports losses and damages and takes corrective action
against reckless use of equipment.
8. Reports to management all unusual incidents and accidents in the public areas, paying
attention to safety hazards and items needing corrective action.
9. Trains, coaches and supervises housekeeping staff in the performance of their duties.
10. Evaluates the performance of subordinates and conducts appraisal interview.
11. Perform other related duties as maybe assigned by superior.

• Public Area Attendant or Houseman

➢ Are responsible for the general cleanliness and safety of all public places in a hotel. This
means lobbies, restrooms, and hallways.
Basic Function: to attend to the upkeep and maintenance of cleanliness and orderliness in public
areas assigned to him.
Duties and Responsibilities:
1. Secure cleaning supplies, materials and equipment and looks after their proper use,
storage and maintenance.
2. Check the location, condition and arrangement of fixtures in his area of responsibility;
sees to it that they are clean and properly installed.
3. Clean and sanitizes public comfort rooms under his area in accordance with standard
cleaning procedures.
4. Replenishes guest supplies in public comfort rooms, including paper towels, toilet
tissues, soap, etc.
5. Cleans and sanitizes all areas assigned to him following standard cleaning procedures.
6. Performs other job as follow:
✓ Vacuums / shampooing carpets and upholstered furniture
✓ Sweeps / scrubs / polishes floors and walls
✓ Polishes / dusts off all fixtures
 ✓ Cleans ceilings, exhaust and glass panels
✓ Collects and disposes garbage and litters
✓ Changes / cleans ashtrays
✓ Disinfects toilets bowls, urinals
7. Reports all noted damages and out of order facilities in his area of responsibility, takes
note of defective cleaning equipment, busted bulbs, torn carpets, crack on walls,
defective sinks and toilet bowls, clogged floor drain, cleaning leaks, defective locks,
etc.
8. Conduct fumigation in the absence of a pest control technician.
9. Reports guest complaints to his supervisor as well as suspicious objects or persons.
10. Turn-over to superior all lost and found articles.
11. Prepares daily accomplishment report and submits them to supervisor.
12. Perform other related duties as may be assigned by superior.

• Powder Girl
Basic Function: Responsible for the cleaning, care and maintenance of ladies’ comfort rooms and
locker rooms.
Duties and Responsibilities:
1. Maintains a par stock of cleaning supplies and makes requisition to replenish stocks.
2. Regularly cleans ladies comfort rooms and locker rooms following standard cleaning
procedures. She;
✓ Disinfects toilet bowls
✓ Scrubs, clean, wipes dry floor and wall tiles
✓ Polishes chrome and metal fixtures like faucets
✓ Fumigates the area as needed
✓ Dispose garbage, washes and dries garbage bins
3. Replenishes toilet amenities like toilet paper, soap, paper towel, etc.
4. Checks the condition of fixtures and toilet facilities, checks for leaking faucets,
defective tiles, etc. and reports any defect to her supervisor.
5. Retouches the cleaning of comfort rooms from time to time.
6. Regularly checks trash and empties garbage bins from time to time.
7. Assists in other cleaning or housekeeping job when not loaded.
8. Assists in the issuance of linens if she has available time.

• Gardener and Grounds Maintenance Crew

➢ Responsible for the general maintenance of the gardens, plants and lawns at the Hotel. And
also maintain the beautification of the lawns and gardens in order to attract guests to hotels
lush and green surroundings.
Basic Function: Responsible for maintaining the grounds including plants and landscape.
Duties and Responsibilities:
1. Performs daily sweeping and cleaning of grounds following standard cleaning
procedures.
2. Maintains supplies for plants and grounds maintenance and makes requisition to
replenish stocks.
3. Looks after the care of plants, prune – (removing unnecessary branches) leaves, applies
fertilizer, weeds out dried leaves, does other related gardening jobs.
4. Maintains the landscape and ensures that everything is in order.
5. Performs cultivation of plants through planting and other techniques; scouts for new
ornamental plants.
6. Performs side duties like maintenance of cleanliness of the pool area, fountains, façade,
gardens, motor pool and other related areas.

• Pest Control Technician

➢ A Pest Control Technician is a professional who uses a variety of techniques to eliminate
pests from residential, commercial and industrial facilities. They identify pest problems
and choose an effective approach to remove pests from the property.
Basic Function: To Attend to the prevention and control of pests through preventive and
corrective measures.
Duties and Responsibilities:
1. Checks areas where pests and insects proliferate and performs the necessary
fumigation.
2. Looks for patches or holes and other entry points of insects and takes corrective action.
3. Maintain stocks for pest control and looks after their safekeeping and reasonable use.
4. Checks for possible sources of the proliferation of pests and insects, makes report and
recommendations to remedy the situation.
5. Perform fumigation in accordance with prescribed procedures.
2.1.B
CLEANING EQUIPMENT AND THEIR PROPER USAGE
Good Housekeeping in public areas, be it a hotel or building requires very thorough cleaning. With
a clean and sanitized environment, house guests and occupants are protected from possible
diseases.
For a thorough cleaning, the establishment must be equipped with appropriate cleaning and
sanitizing equipment, tools and supplies as follows;
Floor Cleaning Equipment

Cleaning Equipment Usage and Maintenance

It is used to eliminate loose soil and dust
particles from carpet surfaces, upholstered
furniture and even hard surfaces.

Dust bags must be emptied daily.

After using, roll back the wire neatly on the

back of the vacuum cleaner. Place it on one end
Vacuum Cleaner of the trolley.
To be used in scrubbing, stripping and
polishing hard floor surfaces and also vinyl,
wood parquet, etc.

Use the appropriate par for scrubbing,

stripping and polishing. Give the wax on the
floor enough time to dry before polishing.

Floor Polisher
This is used to pick-up dirt and particles from
the carpet.

Press the handle and push towards the dirt to

vacuum-sweep the carpet.

Carpet Sweeper
 This is called an “all-purpose vacuum” as it is
used for both dry and wet surfaces and also for
absorbing water in flooded or wet surface.

Hydro-vacuum Cleaner
This extractor is used when the carpet is
heavily soiled. It penetrates into the inner
surfaces of the carpet and removes embedded
soil or dirt.

Carpet Extractor
To be used for drying carpet after extraction. It
expedites drying by about 50%.

Carpet Dryer

2.1.C.
FLOOR CLEANING TOOLS, SUPPLIES AND MATERIALS

For mopping, floor stripping and waxing.

Floor Mop
 Used to wring and flush out excess water in the
mop during damp mopping.

Mop Wringer
This is needed to remove excessive water from
the surface and corners. It also speeds up the
drying process.

Make sure that rubber strips are supple. Have

it replaced the moment it turns hard and brittle.
Floor Squeegee
Soft broom is for fine and flat surfaces like
vinyl and wood. Stick broom is ideal for rough
surfaces like grounds.

Soft Broom & Stick Broom

To be used to dust mop the floor during follow

up cleaning.

Dust Mop
Warning sign to alert people that the floor is
wet and slippery and they should not step on it.
It is a tool for the prevention of slips and
injuries.

Caution Sign
I. Other Cleaning Tools and Materials

Carrier of amenities and cleaning supplies

during room make up.

Room boy’s Cart

Container for cleaning chemicals and tools.

Caddy Box
Should not be used for painted surfaces,
mirrors, nor with scouring powder.

Always make sure the pads are wet before

using them.

Scouring Pads
Green: for scrubbing purposes only
White: for cleaning painted surfaces, glass
mirrors, and porcelain
Wash and rinse after each use. Also rinse at the
end of each day to insure that there is no soap
left on the pads.
This is used for dusting wooden furniture.

Make sure the cloths are clean; otherwise the

dusty cloth will merely rub the dust unto the
surface being dusted.
Dusting Cloth
It is used for drying bathroom walls and floor
tiles after they are cleaned.

Make sure the cloths are dry.

If the walls and tiles are not wiped dry, water

marks will develop.
Cleaning Towels
 This cloth is used for polishing metal surfaces
like bathroom fixtures.

Use cloths that are made of fiber to be able to

absorb the water left behind during the
cleaning process.

Polishing Cloth
This brush is meant for brushing away dusts
from rough surfaces such as rattan, wicker
work, etc.

Make sure that the brush is not left immersed

on the cleaning water for a long time.
Hand Brushes
For dusting furniture and fixtures.

Duster
Toilet brush should be kept after use in the
storeroom either in a holder or in a plastic bag
hanging on one end of the trolley. Never leave
the brush with other cleaning equipment
elsewhere as they contain a lot of dirt and
bacteria that can contaminate other cleaning
materials.
Toilet Bowl Brush
A plunger, force cup, plumber's friend or
plumber's helper is a tool used to clear
blockages in drains and pipes. It consists of a
rubber suction cup attached to a stick usually
made of wood or plastic. A different bellows-
like design also exists, usually constructed of
plastic.

Toilet Bowl Plunger

 Use this broom to remove cobwebs in the
ceiling.

Clean the bristle of the broom after use and at

the end of each shift.

Ceiling Broom
For cleaning in between surfaces of tiles.

Grouting Brush
To be applied in hinges of doors so as to
prevent squeaking sounds from the door.

Use sparingly. Once there is no squeaky sound,

wipe excessive oil away as it can spill on floor
or carpet and cause stain.

Oilers
To be used for picking up dirt and cigarette
buts found on ashtrays.

This is used to protect the hands from getting

into direct contact with the dirt that maybe a
source of bacterial contamination and disease.

Tongs
To be used for cleaning surfaces.

Wash and rinse after use; give special rinse at

the end of the day to make sure that there is no
soap left in the pads.

Sponges
 For scrapping embedded dirt and candles that
stick to floors.

Putty Knife / Scrappers

To prevent accident, try to reach high areas to
be cleaned using this stair.

Then fold and return to its storage after use.

Portable Stairs
Used for fumigation so as to eliminate pest and
mosquitoes.

Spray the area while windows and doors are

close. Leave it closed for at least 15minutes
then open to allow vapors and bad smell to
evaporate. Then remove dead mosquitoes.

Wipe smooth surface after spraying to remove

any oily film that settle on them. Cover your
Insect Sprayer nose so as not to inhale the chemical.

Protection of cleaners against contamination

during the cleaning process.

Hand Gloves
 What are N95 Respirators? These respirators
are ideal for industries in cleaning,
maintenance, construction and medical
professionals. These masks are NIOSH
(National Institute for Occupational Safety and
Health) approved and provide 95% filtration
efficiency and provide reliable breathing
protection.
Face Mask – N95 Respirators
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is
specialized clothing or equipment worn by an
employee for protection against infectious
materials.

PPE prevents contact with an infectious agent

or body fluid that may contain an infectious
agent, by creating a barrier between the
potential infectious material and the health
care worker.

Additional information on specific

P.P.E. Kit components of PPE. Including gloves, gowns,
shoe covers, head covers, masks, respirators,
eye protection, face shields, and goggles.
Serves as eye protection when handling
dangerous chemicals while cleaning.

Goggles
The receptacle is for the disposal of trash.

The plastic liner helps to capture soil moisture,

as well as germs and fungi that would have
embedded into the lining of trash can. If these
are not eliminated, they can cause foul smell,
aside from harboring more bacteria.

Trash Receptacle with Plastic Liner

II. CLEANING CHEMICALS
Floor Cleaning Chemicals

For stripping or removing embedded dirt or

wax.

Stripping Chemical
To seal floors, cover holes and to prepare the
floor for floor finish.

Sealing Chemical
This is a buffable wax used for resilient floors
like vinyl, linoleum, and rubber tile. It can also
be used for concrete floors and marble.

Emulsion Wax
This is a kerosene-based wax that is used for
wooden floors.

Solvent Wax
 To be used for polishing stone floors, wood
and resilient floors.

Paste Wax
For shampooing carpets.

Carpet Shampoo
Used to remove stains or spots on carpets.

Carpet Stain Remover

For buffing so that the gloss of the floor will be
maintained.

Buffing Solution
 Used along with the extractor when extracting
carpets.

Extracting Solution
Use this chemical to remove grease, oil, dirt
carbon, ink, mildews, soils and waxes on
floors.

Floor Degreaser

III. Chemicals for Cleaning Furniture, Fixtures, Other Areas

To polish wood surface, leather and imitation-

leather surfaces. Spray it sparingly and evenly
on the surface.

Wood Polish / Furniture Polish

 To be used for polishing brush copper and
metal surfaces.

Apply small amount on a cleaning towel and

rub metal surfaces until the tarnish will
disappear. Rinse immediately and remove left-
over polish with hot water.
Metal Polish
They are used to disinfect toilet bowls, urinals,
sink and other areas that are most vulnerable to
bacterial contamination. Dilution will depend
on the degree of disinfection. The average is
one cup of Lysol to 1 gallon of water.

Pure Lysol maybe applied to urinals and toilet

Disenfectants used with a sprayer
bowls since these areas already contain water.
Use brush to clean and disinfect bowls and
urinals then rinse afterwards. For other
surfaces, apply with a cloth or mop, wipe the
surface, then rinse and dry.
When using Lysol in atomizer can, apply the
chemical directly to the surface, wipe with
damp cloth or wet brush, then rinse and dry.
This strong chemical shall be used only for
removing cement or plastic remains from
floors. It is not advisable in cleaning toilet
bowls since it is very strong and it can damage
the tiles.

Never mix with any other chemical.

Hands should not get into direct contact with

the acid as this can cause skin irritation. If the
remains are thick, leave solution on the area for
Muriatic Acid a few minutes or longer. Then remove the
remains with a scrapper or a hand brush.
Repeat the process until all cement or plasters
are removed. Rinse thoroughly with water
since any acid that remains on the surface may
cause damage.
 Use this chemical to remove lacquer or paint
from hard surfaces.

Apply with a cleaning towel or scouring pad

until the leftovers are removed. Then pat dry
and polish the surface. Since the solution is
highly concentrated, light spraying is sufficient
to be able to economize.

Lacquer or Paint Thinner

To be sprayed in the room in order to remove
foul odor in guestrooms, comfort rooms or any
area with foul odor. Use sparingly.

Air Freshener

GENERAL RULES IN THE USE OF CLEANING EQUIPMENTS

1. Check electrical appliances and equipment before use. Check if there are frayed wires,
loose plugs and connections. Never use any appliances that is defective.
2. Handle equipment with care and never bump them on hard surfaces.
3. Clean and store equipment in their custodial room immediately after use.
4. Empty dust bags of vacuum cleaners before they overload and after use.
5. Follow manufacturer’s operating instruction.
6. Schedule a regular check-up of equipment to prevent serious breakdown.
7. To avoid electric shock or short circuit, do not expose equipment to rain or water. Store
them indoors to protect them from getting wet. Electrical equipment should never be used
in wet surface.
2.1.D.
CLEANING STANDARDS

TASKS STANDARDS (EXPECTED RESULTS)

1. Ceiling Cleaning - ceiling is free of cobwebs and dirt.
- ceiling fan and fluorescent are thoroughly dusted.
- spots if any are removed.
2. Window Cleaning - window glasses do not have smudges nor watermarks.
-window frames and channels are dust free.
3. Cleaning Glass Panels, - it is thoroughly cleaned, no visible streaks, scratches, or spots.
Mirrors
4. Cleaning of Ashtrays - ashtrays are emptied of soil and cigarette butts, washed and
wiped-dry.
5. Dusting / Cleaning of - it is thoroughly dusted; surfaces are free of dirt and spots.
Furniture and Fixtures - appliances are arranged in their appropriate location.
- upholstered chairs are shampooed or vacuumed.
- furniture has no damage or defect.
6. Cleaning Comfort Room - the floor is mopped, sanitized and dried.
and Restrooms - there is no sign of marks or streaks on walls, fixtures, doors,
door handles and other surfaces.
- all metal fixtures and hard wares are cleaned and polished with
metal polish.
- bathroom mirror is well polished and wiped dry. There are no
marks or spots.
- the sinks are clean and sanitized with sanitizing chemical and
they are free of foul odor.
- bathroom supplies are replenished and installed according to
standard arrangement.
- shower curtains are properly brushed and wiped-dry.
7. Sweeping - all swept floors do not have dust streaks nor does show mark
where dirt was picked up.
- no dirt left on corners, behind doors, under carpets or furniture.
8. Vacuuming - all carpeted areas/upholsteries are vacuumed regularly, kept
clean, free of dust.
- all spots are removed upon discovery.
9. Floor Stripping - stripping and removal of old floor finish is done whenever
necessary to avoid yellowing and build-up in corners, baseboards
or under furniture.
10. Mopping - water is used sparingly. Cleaning solutions are rinsed quickly
and the floor is dried at once.
11. Floor Finishing - floor finishes are not allowed to build up in corners, baseboards
or underneath furniture.
 12. Waste disposal garbage - trash, garbage and dirt are disposed immediately.
containers - containers are cleaned as often as necessary.
- containers are underlined with plastic.
13. Grounds Maintenance - all walkways, parking spaces, planted areas are clean, free of
littered objects.
- cemented or concrete pavements are free from spots. They are
scrubbed regularly and are dust free.
- plants are watered regularly, pruned and trimmed periodically
and as necessary.
- soil is regularly cultivated, fertilized periodically and planted to
prevent eroding.
- plant pests are eradicated. Fumigation is conducted on regular
schedule or upon detection of the presence of pests.
- pool flooring cleaned, scrubbed as scheduled and whenever
necessary to prevent the growth of algae.
- plants in boxes are maintained and replaced as needed.

2.1.E
FLOOR CARE, CLEANING and MAINTENACE

Proper cleaning and maintenance of floors keeps them in good condition. Many floors wear
easily because of improper cleaning. They also easily lose their gloss and beauty. Frequent repair
or replacement may also be resorted to, resulting to bigger expense for the establishment.
It is important to maintain not only the cleanliness but also the condition of floors, making
sure they are not broken, torn or damaged so as not to cause accidents. Cracks, splinter and other
problems should be repaired as soon as possible. Loose or defective floor tiles should be replaced.

TYPES OF FLOORS DAILY MAINTENANCE

1. HARD FLOORS ➢ Sweeping – daily
• Marble – comes mainly from quarries. ➢ Vacuuming – daily
It comes in wide varieties of color, ➢ Damp Mopping – as needed
sheen and patterns formed by veins or ➢ Plain Polishing – daily
clouds. ➢ Stripping and Finishing – periodically
• Mixes – come in granolithic, terrazzo, ➢ Brushing with a push brush
ceramic, and tile, terra cotta, brick, and ➢ Wet Mopping
concrete and pebble washout.
• Terrazzo and Granolithic – have
basically the same composition as
mixes; made out of marble chips and
white cement, compressed and thick
slab ground that is polished to a very
smooth finish.
 • Ceramic Tile – is baked clay which
comes unglazed or with high glaze.
• Terra Cotta – is hard baked clay tile in
reddish or red-yellow colors.
• Cemented or Concrete Floor – is a
mixture of sand and cement with
gravel, broken stone and or other
similar elements. The water allows the
cement to bind the mass into the
desired form.
• Pebble Washout – is a mixture of river
stones and cement. The color depends
on the color of the stones used in the
mixture and the cement.

2. RESILIENT FLOORS ➢ Sweeping – daily

• Linoleum – is a mixture of solidified ➢ Damp Mopping – as needed
linseed oil, and pigments, cords dust, ➢ Spray buffing / Polishing – as needed
laid on burlap, canvas or felt backing. ➢ Vacuuming of corners – daily
It comes in attractive patterns-
geometric, floral, and abstract.
• Vinyl – is made of plastic (polyvinyl
chloride compounds) and comes in
cheer vinyl, rot vinyl, asbestos tile and
homogenous vinyl tile.
• Asphalt Tile – is a mixture of asbestos
fibers, resin and asphalt. Its colors
extend through the tile. It is a hard
floor, inexpensive yet attractive. Since
it resists the chemical reaction of
alkaline moisture, it can be laid directly
over concrete foundation slabs or
basement floors.
• Rubber Tile – is made of rubber,
resins, fillers, pigments and curing
agents which are mixed, formed into
sheets and cured through a heated
process. Originally, natural rubbers are
used in making the tile. Today
synthetic rubber is used.
3. Wood Parquet Floors ➢ Sanding – initial application
➢ Sweeping – daily
➢ Spray buffing / Polishing – as needed
➢ Vacuuming of corners – daily
 ➢ Dust Mopping
4. Carpeted Floors ➢ Vacuuming – daily
➢ Shampooing – when heavily soiled
➢ Extraction – when the soil has
penetrated the inner layers such that it
can only be removed by way of
extraction.

2.1.F.
FLOOR CLEANING PROCESS

1ST
STRIPPING

4TH 2ND
MAINTAINING SEALING

3RD
FINISHING

A. STRIPPING FLOORS
Stripping is the elimination of embedded dirt, oil and old layers of floor finish and sealer. The
process completely cleans and prepares floors for the application of new coats, floor sealer or floor
finish (wax). Floor stripping products are used for this purpose.
Supplies and Equipment Needed;
✓ Mop
✓ Hand Gloves
✓ Floor Polisher
✓ Mop wringer
✓ Floor stripper
✓ Wax remover
 B. SEALING FLOORS
Sealing follows stripping. A floor sealer-chemical is applied on the floor to protect the surfaces
and to act as a bond between the floor sealer and the finish (wax). Sealing helps to smoothen rough
surfaces and scratches. It also protects the floor of other types of floor abuse thereby enhancing its
appearance.
Supplies and Equipment Needed;
✓ Wet mop
✓ Sealer solution
✓ Plastic liner

C. FINISHING FLOOR
To finish a floor means completing the process of floor cleaning through wax application only
after it has been stripped of old sealers and wax and after it has been sealed with a sealing solution.
A floor polisher is used to polish the floor.
Supplies and Equipment Needed;
✓ Mop and mop wringer
✓ Paste/liquid gas
✓ Finishing solution
✓ Floor polisher

D. MAINTAINING FLOORS
After the floor is stripped, sealed and finished with the given procedures, it has to be regularly
maintained with proper cleaning and other maintenance tasks so that its gloss, quality and
condition will be sustained and it will neither suffer from premature wear and tear.
Floor maintenance maybe accomplished by regular cleaning, sweeping, mopping, polishing and
buffing. The type of cleaning and maintenance depends on the type of floor.
Daily Routine:
1. Sweep the floor with a broom to remove loose dirt and litter.
2. Dust mop with a treated cloth.
3. Spray-buff regularly with buffing chemicals. Spray 2-3 squirts on the floor, then buff
immediately to restore the shine.
4. Sweep the floor with a broom or collect dust using a vacuum cleaner.
5. Damp-mop the floor regularly with a cleaning agent.
2.1.G.
TYPES OF FLOOR CLEANING AND MAINTENANCE

Type of Floor Cleaning Equipment and Supplies

1. Sweeping – removing dirt and trash from - Soft broom for fine surfaces like cemented
floors using sweepers and dust pan. floors, vinyl.
- Stick broom for hard surfaces like grounds.
- Carpet sweeper for carpets.
2. Vacuuming – elimination of embedded dirt - Ordinary vacuum cleaner or hydro-vacuum
on floors using a vacuum cleaner. (wet and dry vacuum) for wet and dry surfaces)
3. Dust Mopping – dusting away dirt on floors - Dust Mop
using mops.
4. Damp Mopping – mopping the floor with - Floor Mop
lightly wet mop to clear the floor of dirt and - Mop Wringer – for squeezing excess water
soil. and to prevent dripping.

❖ This is the fastest and best way to make

a follow up cleaning.
5. Spray buffing – spraying the floor with a - Sprayer
buff finish to clean and restore its gloss and - Buffing solution
prolong its beautiful appearance. - Nylon Pads
- Floor Polisher
6. Shampooing – removal of embedded dirt - Push brush
and stains using carpet shampoo either - Carpet Shampoo
manually or by the use of a machine. This - Pail of water
process applies to carpets. - Shampooing Machine
7. Extraction – is the process of extracting - Carpet Extractor
deeply embedded dirt and soil in carpets
especially those in inner layers that cannot be
removed by shampooing.
8. Carpet Drying – drying of the carpet it has - Carpet Dryer
undergone shampooing.

A. Floor Polishing Procedures

Cleaning Equipment and materials needed:
✓ Floor Polisher
✓ Scrubbing Pad
✓ Polishing Pad
✓ Steel Wool
✓ Wax
✓ Mop
✓ Soft Broom and Dust pan
 ✓ Hand Gloves
✓ Caution Sign

Steps Procedures
1. Install a caution sign to prevent slips and The sign mist be labeled:
accidents arising from wet and slippery floors. “caution, wet floor”

Place it in such a way that can be easily seen.

2. Dip or dry clean the floor to remove Roll steel wool on the polishing pad. Insert or
scratches and dirt that have penetrated the attach it to the brush.
floors.
3. Damp mop when the floor is a little bit wet Start from the corner to make sure that no
so that dirt, dust and loose soil can be easily portion is missed out.
absorbed.
4. Apply wax to the floor. Let it dry before Pour wax directly to the mop and start applying
polishing to get better results. evenly to the floor. Allow the wax to dry for
about 10-15 minutes.
5. Polish the area evenly to make it shinier and Preferably use a polishing pad. If the wax on
more presentable. the floor surface is very thick, the floor should
be wet-scrubbed.
6. Sweep the area to pick up the remaining dirt Use the soft broom and dustpan moving from
and dust that has loosened on the floor surface. one corner to the other.
Note: if the floor has been previously applied with a wax, retouch the shine by plain polishing
– that is directly polishing the floor with a floor polisher.

B. Carpet Shampooing and Spot Removal

Equipment and Supplies Needed:
✓ Vacuum Cleaner
✓ Pail and Dustpan
✓ Shampooing Machine
✓ Stain Remover Solution
✓ Push Brush or Hand Brush (if manual)
✓ Rags, Broom
✓ Caution Sign

Steps Procedures
1. Prepare all the above materials. Get the supplies from the stockroom.
2. Sweep the area to be cleaned. Use a stick broom and dustpan. Clear the area
of foreign and pointed objects like pins, that
can damage the vacuum cleaner.
3. Vacuum the carpet before shampooing to Using a vacuum cleaner, start from one corner
remove soiled particles that have penetrated to the rest, moving towards edges and corners.
the carpet.
 4. If there is a stain, apply the stain remover Shake the can very well
solution on the stained area.
Apply the solution directly into the stained
Stain should be removed before the carpet areas using a hand brush.
undergoes shampooing.
Do not spread the stains. Wash the spot from
the outside to the center to avoid spreading the
stain.
5. Shampoo the carpet. First dilute the shampoo using 1-gallon
solution for every 8 gallons of water for
heavily soiled areas like function rooms for
less soiled areas, use a ratio of 1:15.

After diluting, apply shampoo using machine

or manual method. Follow manufacturer’s
directions.

Do not over-wet or use excessive water.

Always start at the far end corner of the
surface.
6. Vacuum the area once again after Use hydro-vacuum machine to completely
shampooing to remove the foam residue. dissolve soil and moisture

Let the machine work along the sides and

corners.

If a rotary system is used, moved the machine

from left to right while overlapping each stroke
of the machine run.
7. Push-brush the carpet fibers to make it easier Use the push brush.
for the carpet to dry up, thus making it look
better.
8. Let the carpet dry. If shampooing machine is used, let it dry
overnight. If manual method is used, drying
time is reduced to one hour.

C. Carpet Extraction
In cases where in the soil has deeply penetrated the carpet layers, shampooing may not be able to
remove the soil underneath. If this is the case, use the extraction method, using a carpet extractor.
Too frequent extraction is neither recommended in as much as this can destroy the fibers.

By extraction, the dirt or soil in the carpet is loosened and then extracted. This process applies to
all types of carpet and offers the following advantages;
1. It provides for more thorough cleaning. It removes dirt right down to the base of the pile.
2. It leaves only small quantities of chemical residues, resulting to a low degree of subsequent re-
soiling.
3. Small amount of residual moisture (about 10-20%) is left due to more efficient vacuum removal.
4. Drying period can be made shorter with the use of a carpet dryer.

Carpet Extraction Procedures

Equipment Needed:
✓ Carpet Extraction Machine
✓ Carpet Dryer
Chemicals Needed:
✓ Stain Spotter
✓ Carpet Extracting Solution

Steps Procedures
1. Install the caution sign before the area to be Place the sign with a label “wet floor”
cleaned.
2. Clear the carpeted floor of furniture and Set aside movable objects to one side of the
other objects to make cleaning easier and room, careful not to create damage.
quicker.
3. Remove stains/ spots if they are found in theApply the stain solution. Saturate the stain with
carpet. the solution and brush away the stain solution
and brush away the stain with a carpet brush or
To prevent stains from spreading, remove cotton rag, starting from the outside and
them immediately as they occur. working your way to the middle.
4. Prepare the extractor cleaner solution. Pour the extraction cleaner solution to the
extraction machine following the directions on
the product label.
5. Extract the area. Move in a straight line, overlapping each pass.
6. Make a second pass over the area to expedite Using the carpet extractor, extract as much
and shorten the drying time. moisture as possible.
7. As an option, apply carpet protector to the Mix carpet protector according to label
area to be protected. instructions in a pressure sprayer.
8. Allow the area to dry. Use the carpet dryer to speed up the drying
process.
9. Clear the area. Put away equipment and supplies. Clean or
wipe down equipment and return it to their
storage area.
 D. Spray Buffing
This is designed to retouch the gloss of the floor. Use it only in areas that have become dull and
have lost its glossy appearance.
1. Sweep the floor with dust mop and remove sticky deposits with a putty knife or any appropriate
scrapper. It should not be sharp so as not cause damage.
2. For maximum ease or application, clean and restore the gloss of the floor using a floor polisher
and a spray gun puff finish.
3. Start at the far end corner of the surface and work backwards, maneuvering the machine from
left to right with over-lapping strokes, covering the entire surface.
4. A corridor maybe done in a single left to right stroke
5. If the surface is big, working in lanes is advised.