Class Notes: Parachute

Introduction:

A parachute is a device designed to slow down the descent of an object or

person through the air.
It uses air resistance and drag to reduce the speed of free fall.

Historical Background:

The concept of using a parachute dates back to ancient times, with early
designs attributed to Leonardo da Vinci.
Modern parachutes were developed during the early 20th century, primarily for
aviation and later for recreational purposes.

Components of a Parachute:

Canopy:
The main fabric portion of the parachute that captures air and creates
drag.
Parachute canopies come in various shapes, such as round or rectangular,
each with specific characteristics.

Lines and Suspension Lines:

Ropes or cords that connect the canopy to the harness.
Suspension lines distribute the load evenly across the canopy.

Harness:
The system that attaches the parachute to the person or object.
It includes straps and buckles to secure the wearer.

Deployment System:
Mechanisms or procedures to deploy the parachute, usually involving a
ripcord or automatic activation device (AAD).

Function and Physics:

Parachutes work by increasing air resistance or drag, which counteracts the

force of gravity and slows down descent.
As the parachute opens, the canopy fills with air, creating a large surface
area that encounters air resistance.

Types of Parachutes:

Round Parachutes:
The earliest design, used in military applications and emergency
situations.
Provides a simple and reliable descent.

Square or Ram-Air Parachutes:

More versatile and controllable than round parachutes.
Used in skydiving and sports parachuting due to better maneuverability.

Cross or Cross-Braced Parachutes:

Advanced parachutes designed for experienced skydivers.
Offer higher performance and faster descent rates.

Applications:
 Parachutes are used in various fields, including:
Aviation: To slow down aircraft during emergency landings or supply drops.
Military: For personnel and supply drops, as well as for emergency exits
from aircraft.
Skydiving: For recreational and sport purposes.
Space Exploration: To slow down spacecraft during reentry.

Safety and Training:

Proper training is crucial for using parachutes safely, especially for

skydiving.
Skydivers undergo training to learn about parachute equipment, emergency
procedures, and safe landing techniques.

Conclusion:

Parachutes have a rich history and serve as essential safety devices in various
contexts.
Their design, deployment mechanisms, and application have evolved over time,
contributing to human safety, sport, and exploration.