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Physc SC11-P2 Nov 2012 (Eng)
Physc SC11-P2 Nov 2012 (Eng)
za
Province of the
EASTERN CAPE
EDUCATION
NATIONAL
SENIOR CERTIFICATE
GRADE 11
NOVEMBER 2012
PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2
MARKS: 150
TIME: 3 hours
*PHSCE2*
SECTION A: 25 marks
SECTION B: 125 marks
8. Data Sheets and a Periodic Table are attached for your use.
SECTION A
Give ONE word/term for EACH of the following descriptions. Write only the
word/term next to the question number (1.1 − 1.5) on the ANSWER SHEET.
1.1 The type of chemical reaction during which there is a net release of energy. (1)
1.3 Acids which have only one proton per molecule for donation. (1)
1.4 A formula with the simplest whole number ratio of the elements making up a
compound. (1)
1.5 A measure of the ability of an atom in a molecule to attract the bonding pair of
electrons. (1)
[5]
Four possible options are provided as answers to the following questions. Each
question has only ONE correct answer. Choose the best answer and make a
cross (X) in the appropriate block next to the question number (2.1 − 2.10) on the
ANSWER SHEET.
2.1 A certain mass of gas occupies a volume (V) in a closed container. If the
pressure is halved and the temperature is doubled, the volume will be:
A ¼V
B ½V
C V
D 4V (2)
2.3 According to the VSEPR theory, the shape of a boron trifluoride (BF3) molecule
is:
A Trigonal bipyramidal
B Trigonal planar
C Trigonal pyramidal
D Tetrahedral (2)
4 PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 (NOVEMBER 2012)
2.4 The type of bond which occurs when two atoms share one or more electron
pairs will always be …
A ionic.
B polar.
C metallic.
D covalent. (2)
A 1,20 g.
B 4,29 g.
C 0,83 g.
D 2,36 g. (2)
(EP)
Course of reaction
A troposphere.
B thermosphere.
C mesosphere.
D stratosphere. (2)
TOTAL SECTION A: 25
6 PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 (NOVEMBER 2012)
SECTION B
QUESTION 3
3.1 Most of the substances we encounter in our daily lives occur as electrically
neutral combinations of atoms called molecules. Carbon dioxide, ammonia
and methane are some examples of such substances.
3.1.1 Give the formula and Lewis structure for each of the substances
mentioned above. (6)
3.1.2 According to the VSEPR theory, what shape will EACH of the above
structures have? (3)
3.2.2 Draw a sketch graph to show the energy changes which take
place during the reaction. Label your axes and give your graph a
heading. (4)
[22]
(NOVEMBER 2012) PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 7
QUESTION 4
One of the remarkable facts about gases is that despite wide differences in chemical
properties, they all more or less obey the same set of physical laws – the gas laws.
4.1 The diagram which follows represents a piston in a cylinder. The piston is
able to move up and down.
4.1.2 Explain in terms of the kinetic model of gases why the gas in the
cylinder exerts a pressure on all the sides of the container. (2)
4.1.3 Will the piston move UP or DOWN if the temperature of the gas in the
cylinder is increased? Explain your answer. (3)
4.2 A learner investigates the relationship between the pressure and volume of a
given mass of gas at constant temperature. The following set of readings are
obtained:
p (kPa) V (cm3)
128,5 35
180 25
220 20,5
300 15,0
4.2.2 Name the law that is being investigated in this experiment. (1)
4.2.3 State the law in words which you mentioned in QUESTION 4.2.2. (2)
4.2.5 Use the attached graph paper to draw a graph of p (on the x-axis) vs.
V (on the y-axis). (4)
[21]
8 PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 (NOVEMBER 2012)
QUESTION 5
5.2 As much as the substance referred to in QUESTION 5.1 is responsible for the
addiction of smokers to cigarettes, it is used in some products to help them
overcome their addiction. Name ONE example of such a product. (2)
5.3 Cigarette packs contain various warnings on them concerning the harmful
effects of smoking. Name ONE harmful effect of smoking on humans. (1)
5.4 Show, by means of calculation, how you would go about helping the learner
determine the molecular formula of this compound. (7)
[12]
QUESTION 6
Many household substances are either acids or bases. Some examples are: vinegar,
baking soda (bicarbonate of soda), caustic soda, lemon juice.
6.1 Use the examples provided to name ONE substance which is an acid and give
a characteristic of it to support your answer. (3)
6.2 Give the formula for baking soda (bicarbonate of soda). (2)
6.4 A certain antacid tablet contains MgCO3. When taken, the antacid tablet
neutralises the excess hydrochloric acid in the stomach.
6.4.1 Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between MgCO3
and the hydrochloric acid. (3)
6.4.2 Why is there a tendency to burp when antacids are taken? (2)
[20]
(NOVEMBER 2012) PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 9
QUESTION 7
7.1 The combustion of fuels is probably the best known example of a practical
application of redox reactions. Another example is the use of chlorine.
Chlorine is a powerful oxidising agent which is used to kill bacteria.
7.1.3 The chlorine is oxidised when it reacts with the bacteria. Is this
statement correct? Motivate your answer. (3)
7.2.1 Which one of the two reactions is a redox reaction? Write ONLY the
number (i) or (ii) as your answer. (2)
QUESTION 8
Organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon compounds (with the exception of CO,
CO2, CO32- and CN-). Carbon is usually bonded with hydrogen, but may also be
bonded with other atoms such as oxygen, halogens, nitrogen, sulphur and
phosphorus.
8.1 What general term is used for organic compounds consisting of ONLY carbon
and hydrogen atoms? (2)
8.2 Name the group of compounds (homologous series) which contains one or
more triple bonds (C≡C). (1)
8.3.2 Write a balanced chemical equation using structural formulae for the
above reaction. (3)
8.3.3 The alcohol named in QUESTION 8.3.1 is found in wine and beer.
Name ONE negative impact of alcohol abuse on society. (2)
10 PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 (NOVEMBER 2012)
8.4 Chloromethane reacts with water and forms methanol and hydrogen chloride
gas.
8.4.2 Write a balanced chemical equation using molecular formulae for the
above reaction. (3)
[14]
QUESTION 9
9.2 Name the physical property of the compounds in the mixture that is used for
the separation. (1)
9.3 Refer to the diagram and write down ONLY the letter (A – H) as your answer
to the following questions.
9.4 Name ONE use of the natural gases obtained from crude oil. (1)
[6]
(NOVEMBER 2012) PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 11
QUESTION 10
Phosphate occurs in nature as phosphate rock and the mineral family of the
phosphates is called the apatites. Fluorapatite, Ca 5(PO4)3F, is the principal
phosphate mineral. Most of the apatite mined in South Africa is used to produce
phosphoric acid. A general equation for this reaction is:
10.3 Name ONE other way in which the phosphoric acid is used for our benefit. (2)
QUESTION 11
The atmosphere is a relatively thin layer of gases which supports life and provides
protection to living organisms. The ozone layer is found in the atmosphere and
protects the earth against harsh ultraviolet radiation. The use of CFCs by man has
caused depletion of the ozone layer.
pV = nRT
n m
c
V MV
m V N
n
M Vm NA
(NOVEMBER 2012) PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 13
TABEL 3: DIE PERIODIEKE TABEL VAN ELEMENTE / TABLE 3: THE PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
(I) (II) (III) (IV) (V) (VI) (VII) (VIII)
SLEUTEL/KEY Atoomgetal
1 Atomic number 2
2,1
H He
1 29 4
3 4 Elektronegatiwiteit Simbool 5 6 7 8 9 10
Cu
1,9
1,0
1,5
2,0
2,5
3,0
3,5
4,0
Li Be Electronegativity Symbol B C N O F Ne
7 9 63,5 11 12 14 16 19 20
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
0,9
1,2
1,5
1,8
2,1
2,5
3,0
Na Mg Benaderde relatiewe atoommassa Aℓ Si P S Cℓ Ar
23 24 Approximate relative atomic mass 27 28 31 32 35,5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
0,8
1,0
1,3
1,5
1,6
1,6
1,5
1,8
1,8
1,8
1,9
1,6
1,6
1,8
2,0
2,4
2,8
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 63,5 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
0,8
1,0
1,2
1,4
1,8
1,9
2,2
2,2
2,2
1,9
1,7
1,7
1,8
1,9
2,1
2,5
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
86 88 89 91 92 96 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
0,7
0,9
1,6
1,8
1,8
1,9
2,0
2,5
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tℓ Pb Bi Po At Rn
133 137 139 179 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209
87 88 89
0,7
0,9
Fr Ra Ac
226 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
140 141 144 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
232 238
14 PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 (NOVEMBER 2012)
Ag + 0,80
⇌
+
NO 3 + 2H + e NO2(g) + H2O + 0,80
3+ 2+
Fe +e ⇌ Fe + 0,77
O2(g) + 2H+ + 2e ⇌ H2O2 + 0,68
I2 + 2e ⇌ 2I + 0,54
⇌
+
Cu + e Cu + 0,52
SO2 + 4H+ + 4e ⇌ S + 2H2O + 0,45
2H2O + O2 + 4e ⇌ 4OH + 0,40
2+
Cu + 2e ⇌ Cu + 0,34
2
SO 4 + 4H+ + 2e ⇌ SO2(g) + 2H2O + 0,17
Cu2+ + e ⇌ Cu+ + 0,16
Sn4+
+ 2e ⇌ Sn2+ + 0,15
S + 2H+ + 2e ⇌ H2S(g) + 0,14
2H+ + 2e ⇌ H2(g) 0,00
Fe3+
+ 3e ⇌ Fe 0,06
Pb2+ + 2e ⇌ Pb 0,13
Sn2+ + 2e ⇌ Sn 0,14
Ni2+ + 2e ⇌ Ni 0,27
Co 2+
+ 2e ⇌ Co 0,28
Cd2+ + 2e ⇌ Cd 0,40
Cr3+ + e ⇌ Cr2+ 0,41
Fe2+
+ 2e ⇌ Fe 0,44
Cr3+ + 3e ⇌ Cr 0,74
Zn2+ + 2e ⇌ Zn 0,76
2H2O + 2e ⇌ H2(g) + 2OH 0,83
Cr 2+
+ 2e ⇌ Cr 0,91
Mn2+ + 2e ⇌ Mn 1,18
Aℓ3+ + 3e ⇌ Aℓ 1,66
Mg2+ + 2e ⇌ Mg 2,36
Na + e +
⇌ Na 2,71
Ca2+ + 2e ⇌ Ca 2,87
Sr2+ + 2e ⇌ Sr 2,89
Ba2+ + 2e ⇌ Ba 2,90
Cs+ + e- ⇌ Cs - 2,92
K+ + e ⇌ K 2,93
Li+ + e ⇌ Li 3,05
(NOVEMBER 2012) PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 15
TABEL 4B: STANDAARD REDUKSIEPOTENSIALE
TABLE 4B: STANDARD REDUCTION POTENTIALS
Halfreaksies/Half-reactions
E θ (V)
Li+ + e ⇌ Li 3,05
K+ + e ⇌ K 2,93
Cs+ + e ⇌ Cs 2,92
Ba2+ + 2e ⇌ Ba 2,90
Sr2+ + 2e ⇌ Sr 2,89
Ca2+ + 2e ⇌ Ca 2,87
Na+ + e ⇌ Na 2,71
2+
Mg + 2e ⇌ Mg 2,36
Aℓ3+ + 3e ⇌ Aℓ 1,66
Mn2+ + 2e ⇌ Mn 1,18
Cr2+ + 2e ⇌ Cr 0,91
2H2O + 2e ⇌ H2(g) + 2OH 0,83
Zn2+ + 2e ⇌ Zn 0,76
Cr3+ + 3e ⇌ Cr 0,74
PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2
ANSWER SHEET
NAME : ……………………………………………………………..
SECTION A
2.1 A B C D
2.2 A B C D
2.3 A B C D
2.4 A B C D
2.5 A B C D
2.6 A B C D
2.7 A B C D
2.8 A B C D
2.9 A B C D
2.10 A B C D (10 x 2) [20]
TOTAL SECTION A: 25