9.5.6 SEMESTER 2 : ASSIGNMENT 03.

ONLY FOR SEMESTER 2 STUDENTS

Due Date:

This assignment is a written assignment based on Module 3.

This assignment contributes 20% to your year mark.

Question 1
1
−2 5
1.1 Given A=[ ] and 𝐵 = [7], determine 𝐴𝐵 and 𝐵𝐴. Is 𝐴𝐵 = 𝐵𝐴? (3)
1 7
8

3 −3 −23 10
1.2 Given 𝑋 = [ ] and 𝑌 = [ ],
−11 9 0 −2
show that (𝑋 − 𝑌)(𝑋 + 𝑌) ≠ 𝑋 2 − 𝑌 2 (7)

3 −1 1
1.3 Given 𝐸 = [1 1 −2], determine the inverse matrix of 𝐸. (10)
5 −2 −1

TOTAL: 20

9.6 Other assessment methods

There are no other assessment methods for this module.

9.7 The examination

Examination information and details on the format of the examination will be made available to
you online via the myUnisa site. Look out for information that will be shared with you by your
lecturer and e-tutors (where relevant) and for communication from the University.

All examinations will be conducted online.

10 ACADEMIC DISHONESTY
10.1 Plagiarism
Plagiarism is the act of taking the words, ideas and thoughts of others and presenting them as
your own. It is a form of theft which involves several dishonest academic activities, such as the
following:

• Cutting and pasting from any source without acknowledging the source.
• Not including or using incorrect references.
• Paraphrasing without acknowledging the original source of the information.

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 MAT2691/101/3/2022

10.2 Cheating
Cheating includes, but is not limited to, the following:

• Completing assessments on behalf of another student, copying from another student

during an assessment or allowing a student to copy from you.
• Using social media (eg WhatsApp, Telegram) or other platforms to disseminate
assessment information.
Submitting corrupt or irrelevant files.
• Buying completed answers from “tutors” or internet sites (contract cheating).
10.3 More information about plagiarism can be downloaded on the link below
https://www.unisa.ac.za/sites/myunisa/default/Study-@-Unisa/Student-values-and-rules

11 STUDENT WITH DISABILITY

The Advocacy and Resource Centre for Student with Disability ARCSWiD) provides an
opportunity for staff to interact with new and returning students with disabilities.

• If you are a student with a disability and would like additional support or need additional time
for assessments, you are invited to contact Dr BP Ntsime at email ntsimbp@unisa.ac.za so
that you can be assisted.

12 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Question: May I use a calculator in the examination?

Answer: Yes, it must be non-programmable.

Question: Can I request more past papers from the lecturers?

Answer: No, past papers are on MyUnisa under official Study material.
Question: Where do I get memorandums for past papers?
Answer: No memorandums are supplied, but the lecturer may decide to post some solutions
or answers only under additional resources on myUNISA.
Question: Why don’t I receive any follow-up Tutorial letters from UNISA?
Answer: In some modules all follow-up letters are only posted on myUnisa, so no post is
sent to students. If a tutorial letter is sent by post and you owe money on your
student account it will not be posted to you however you will still be able to access the
letter on myUNISA.
Question: What does the letters FC after my module code mean?
Answer: FC stands for Financial Cancellation. You may continue your studies and even write
the examination, but no results will be released before your student account has been
paid in full.

23
13 SOURCES CONSULTED
Study Guides and past papers for MAT2691

14 IN CLOSING
The semester system affords you more flexibility in planning your studies. The guideline is that
you must be able to spend 72 minutes per day (including weekends) per module. Planning is
the key to success.

May you achieve your dreams!

Dr BP Ntsime

15 ADDENDUM

Formula Sheets

ALGEBRA Factors
a 3 − b 3 = (a − b )(a 2 + ab + b 2 )
Laws of indices
m+n
(
a 3 + b 3 = (a + b ) a 2 − ab + b 2 )
1. a a =a
m n

am Partial Fractions
2. n
= a m−n
f (x )
a
A B C
3. (a )
m n
( )
= a mn = a n
m
= + +
(x + a )(x + b )(x + c ) (x + a ) (x + b ) (x + c )
m

4. a n = n am
1 1 f (x ) A B C D
a −n = an = = + + +
( x + a ) ( x + b ) ( x + a ) ( x + a ) 2 ( x + a )3 ( x + b )
5. and
a −n
3
an
6. a0 =1
7. ab = a b f (x ) Ax + B C
= +
a
n
an ( 2
) 2
(
ax + bx + c ( x + d ) ax + bx + c ( x + d ) )
8.   = n
b b
Quadratic Formula
Logarithms
If ax 2 + bx + c = 0
Definitions: − b  b 2 − 4ac
If y = a x then x = log a y then x=
2a
If y = e x then x = n y
Laws:

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 MAT2691/101/3/2022

1. log ( A  B ) = log A + log B

 A
2. log   = log A − log B
B
3. log An = n log A
log b A
4. log a A=
log b a
5. a log a f = f  e n f = f

DETERMINANTS

a11 a12 a13

a a 23 a a 23 a a 22
a 21 a 22 a 23 = a11 22 − a12 21 + a13 21
a 32 a 33 a 31 a 33 a 31 a 32
a 31 a 32 a 33
= a11 (a 22 a 33 − a 32 a 23 ) − a12 (a 21 a 33 − a 31 a 23 ) + a13 (a 21 a 32 − a 31 a 22 )

SERIES
Binomial Theorem

(a + b )n = a n + na n −1b + n(n − 1) a n − 2 b 2 + n(n − 1)(n − 2) a n −3 b 3 + ....

2! 3!
and b  a

(1 + x )n = 1 + nx + n(n − 1) x 2 + n(n − 1)(n − 2) x 3 + ...

2! 3!
and − 1  x  1

Maclaurin’s Theorem

f (0) f (0) 2 f (0) 3 f n −1 (0) n −1

f ( x ) = f (0) + x+ x + x ++ x +
1! 2! 3! (n − 1)!
Taylor’s Theorem

f (a )
(x − a ) + f (a ) (x − a )2 + f (a ) (x − a )3 +  + f (a ) (x − a )n−1 + 
  n −1
f ( x ) = f (a ) +
1! 2! 3! (n − 1)!
h2 h n−1 n−1
f (a + h ) = f (a ) + f (a ) + f (a ) +  + f (a ) + 
h
1! 2! (n − 1)!

25
COMPLEX NUMBERS

1. z = a + bj = r (cos  + j sin ) = r  = re j , 7. De Moivre' s Theorem

where j 2 = −1 r  n
= r n n = r n (cos n + j sin n)

(a )
1
Modulus : r= z = 2
+ b2 8. z n has n distinct roots :
b  + k 360 
1 1
Argument :  = arg z = arc tan z =r
n n
with k = 0, 1, 2,  , n − 1
a n
9. re j = r (cos  + j sin )
2. Addition :
(a + jb ) + (c + jd ) = (a + c ) + j (b + d )
( )
  re j = r cos  and  re j = r sin  ( )
3. Subtractio n :
10. e a + jb
=e a`
(cos b + j sin b )
(a + jb ) − (c + jd ) = (a − c ) + j (b − d ) j
11. n re =  n r + j
4. If m + jn = p + jq , then m = p and n = q
5. Multiplica tion : z1 z 2 = r1 r2 (1 +  2 )
z1 r1
6. Division : = (1 −  2 )
z 2 r2

GEOMETRY MENSURATION
1. Circle: (  in radians)
1. Straight line:
y = mx + c Area =  r 2
y − y1 = m( x − x1 ) Circumference = 2 r
−1 Arc length = r
Perpendiculars, then m1 =
m2 1 2 1
r=
Sector area = r
2 2
2. Angle between two lines:
1
m − m2 Segment area = r 2 ( − sin  )
tan  = 1 2
1 + m1 m2
3. Circle: 2. Ellipse:
x2 + y2 = r 2 Area = ab
(x − h) + (y − k ) = r Circumfere nce = (a + b )
2 2 2

4. Parabola: 3. Cylinder:
y = ax 2 + bx + c Volume = r 2 h
−b Surface area = 2rh + 2r 2
axis at x = 4. Pyramid:
2a
1
5. Ellipse: Volume = area base  height
3
x2 y2
+ =1 5. Cone:
a2 b2 1
Volume = r 2 h
6. Hyperbola: 3
Curved surface = r
6. Sphere:

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 MAT2691/101/3/2022

xy = k A = 4r 2
x2 y2
= 1 (round x - axis )
4 3
− V= r
a2 b2 3
x2 y2
− 2 + 2 = 1 (round y - axis )
7. Trapezoidal rule:
1 b − a 
 f ( x0 ) + 2 f ( x1 ) + + 2 f ( xn−1 ) + f ( xn ) 
a b
2  n  
8. Simpson’s rule:
1 b − a 
[ f ( x0 ) + 4 f ( x1 ) + 2 f ( x2 ) + 4 f ( x3 ) +
3  n 
2 f ( x4 ) + + 2 f ( xn−2 ) + 4 f ( xn−1 ) + f ( xn )]
9. Mid-Ordinate rule
b − a 
 n   f ( m1 ) + f ( m2 ) + + f ( mn−1 ) + f ( mn ) 
 

27
HYPERBOLIC FUNCTIONS TRIGONOMETRY
Definitions: Compound angle addition and subtraction
formulae:
e x − e−x
sinh x = sin(A + B) = sin A cos B + cos A sin B
2 sin(A - B) = sin A cos B - cos A sin B
e + e−x
x
cos(A + B) = cos A cos B - sin A sin B
cosh x =
2 cos(A - B) = cos A cos B + sin A sin B
tan A + tan B
e − e−x tan ( A + B ) =
x
tanh x = x 1 − tan A tan B
e + e−x
tan A − tan B
tan ( A − B ) =
Identities: 1 + tan A tan B
cosh 2 x − sinh 2 x = 1 Double angles:
1 − tanh 2 x = sech 2 x sin 2A = 2 sin A cos A
cos 2A = cos2A – sin2A
coth 2 x − 1 = cosech 2 x
= 2cos2A - 1
1
sinh 2 x =(cosh 2 x − 1) = 1 - 2sin2A
2 sin2 A = ½(1 - cos 2A)
cos2 A = ½(1 + cos 2A)
cosh 2 x = (cosh 2 x + 1)
1
2 tan A
2 tan 2 A =
sinh 2 x = 2 sinh x cosh x 1 − tan 2 A
cosh 2 x = cosh 2 x + sinh 2 x
Products of sines and cosines into sums or
= 2 cosh 2 x − 1 differences:
= 1 + 2 sinh 2 x sin A cos B = ½(sin (A + B) + sin (A - B))
cos A sin B = ½(sin (A + B) - sin (A - B))
cos A cos B = ½(cos (A + B) + cos (A - B))
sin A sin B = -½(cos (A + B) - cos (A - B))

Sums or differences of sines and cosines into

products:
x + y  x− y 
sin x + sin y = 2 sin  cos  2 
 2   
 x + y   x− y 
sin x − sin y = 2 cos sin  
 2   2 
x + y  x− y 
cos x + cos y = 2 cos cos  2 
 2   
 x + y   x− y 
cos x − cos y = −2 sin  sin  
 2   2 

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 MAT2691/101/3/2022

DIFFERENTIATION d f '( x)
10. sin −1 f ( x) =
dx 1 −  f ( x) 
2
dy f ( x + h) − f ( x)
1. = lim
d − f '( x)
dx h →0 h 11. cos −1 f ( x) =
dx 1 −  f ( x) 
d 2
2. k =0
dx d f '( x)
d n 12. tan −1 f ( x) =
ax = anx n −1 1 +  f ( x) 
dx 2
3.
dx
d −1 − f '( x)
d 13. cot f ( x) =
4. f .g = f .g '+ g. f ' dx 1 +  f ( x) 
2
dx
d f g . f '− f .g ' d
sec −1 f ( x) =
f '( x)
5. = 14.
g2 dx f ( x )  f ( x) − 1
dx g 2

d
 f ( x) = n  f ( x) . f '( x) − f '( x)
n n −1 d
6. 15. cosec −1 f ( x) =
dx dx f ( x )  f ( x) − 1
2
dy dy du dv
7. = . . d f '( x)
dx du dv dx 16. sinh −1 f ( x) =
dx
 f ( x)2 + 1
8. Parametric equations
d f '( x)
17. cosh −1 f ( x) =
dy
dy
dx
 f ( x)2 − 1
= dt d f '( x)
dx dx 18. tanh −1 f ( x) =
1 −  f ( x) 
dx 2
dt
d  dy  d f '( x)
coth −1 f ( x) =
d y dt  dx 
2 19.
1 −  f ( x) 
dx 2
=
dx 2 dx
d − f '( x)
dt 20. sech −1 f ( x) =
dx f ( x ) 1 −  f ( x)
2

9. Maximum/minimum d − f '( x)
For turning points: f '(x) = 0 21. cosech −1 f ( x) =
dx f ( x )  f ( x) + 1
2
Let x = a be a solution for the above
If f '' (a) > 0, then a is a minimum point z z z
If f ''(a) < 0, then a is a maximum point 22. Increments: z = . x + . y + . w
x y w
For points of inflection: f " (x) = 0
23. Rate of change:
Let x = b be a solution for the above
dz  z dx  z dy  z dw
Test for inflection: f (b - h) and f(b + h) = . + . + .
dt  x dt  y dt  w dt
Change sign or f '"(b) ≠ 0 if f '"(b) exists.

INTEGRATION
b
  dy 
2
1. By parts :  udv = uv −  vdu 2. S =  1 +   dx
  dx 
a
1 b 1 b 2
3. Mean value = 
b−a a
y dx 4. R.M.S. =
b - a a
y dx

29
30
 MAT2691/101/3/2022

Table of Integrals
Table of Integrals

ax(n+1 )
1.  ax n dx =
n +1
+ c, n  −1
n +1
 f(x)
  f(x)
n
2. .f'(x) dx = + c, n  −1
n +1

 f (x)
3.  dx = n f(x) + c
 f(x)

  = e f(x) + c
f(x)
4. f (x).e dx

a f(x)
  = +c
f(x)
5. f (x).a dx
na

6.   sin f(x) dx
f (x). = − cos f(x) + c

7.   cos f(x) dx
f (x). = sin f(x) + c

8.  f ( x). tan f(x) dx = n sec f(x) + c

9.   cot f(x) dx
f (x). = n sin f(x) + c

10.   sec f(x) dx

f (x). = n sec f(x) + tan f(x) + c

11.   cosec f(x) dx

f (x). = n cosec f(x) − cot f(x) + c

12.   sec2 f(x) dx

f (x). = tan f(x) + c

13.   cosec 2 f(x) dx

f (x). = − cot f(x) + c

14.   sec f(x). tan f(x) dx

f (x). = sec f(x) + c

15.   cosec f(x). cot f(x) dx

f (x). = −cosec f(x) + c

16.   sinh f(x) dx

f (x). = cosh f(x) + c

17.   cosh f(x) dx

f (x). = sinh f(x) + c

18.   tanh f(x) dx

f (x). = n cosh f(x) + c

31
 19.   coth f(x) dx
f (x). = n sinh f(x) + c

20.   .sech 2 f(x) dx

f (x) = tanh f ( x ) + c

21.   cosech 2 f(x) dx

f (x). = − coth f ( x ) + c

22.   sechf(x). tanh f ( x ) dx

f (x). = −sech f(x) + c

23.   cosech f(x). coth f(x) dx = −cosech f(x) + c

f (x).


 f ( x)  f ( x) 
24.  dx = arc sin  +c


 a 2 −  f ( x ) 
2  a 

f ( x)  f ( x) 

 1
25.  dx = arc tan  +c


 f ( x )  + a 2 a  a 
2



 f ( x)  f ( x) 
26.  dx = arc sinh  +c


  f ( x )  + a 2
2  a 


 f ( x)  f ( x) 
27.  dx = arc cosh  +c


  f ( x )  − a 2
2  a 

f ( x)  f ( x) 

 1
28.  dx = arc tanh  +c
a 2 −  f ( x ) 



2 a  a 

f ( x)  f ( x) 

 1
29.  dx = − arc coth  +c


 f ( x )  − a 2 a  a 
2


 a2  f ( x)  f ( x) 2
f  ( x ) a 2 −  f ( x )  dx = arc sin  a −  f ( x )  + c
2 2
30. 
 +
 2  a  2

 a2  f ( x)  f ( x)
f  ( x )  f ( x )  + a 2 dx =  f ( x )  + a 2 + c
2 2
31. 
 arc sinh  +
 2  a  2

 a2  f ( x)  f ( x)
f  ( x )  f ( x )  − a 2 dx = − arc cosh   f ( x )  − a 2 + c
2 2
32. 
 +
 2  a  2

Tutorial letter compiled by Dr BP Ntsime. Please report any mistake to me.

32