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MAPEH 7
Quarter 4 – Module 1

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 MUSIC 7
After going through this module, you are expected to identify musical characteristics of
selected Philippine festivals and theatrical forms through video and live performances (MU7FT-
IVa-g-1).
1. identify the musical characteristics of festivals and theater in the Philippines;
2. analyze the musical characteristics of selected Philippine festivals and theater after listening;
and,
3. write a reflection telling the importance of festival in the Philippines.

What I Know

Instructions: Read and answer the following questions. Write the answer in your answer sheet.

1. Davao holds the festival with street dancing in colorful tribal costumes and jewelry together
with floats of fresh fruits and flowers.
A. Ibalong or Ibalon C. Moriones
B. Kadayawan D. Panagbenga
2. It is a festival celebrating “the three heroes of the Bicol epic story” and other ancient heroes.
A. Ibalon C. Moriones
B. Kadayawan D. Panagbenga
3. This festival features street dancing, harana, indigenous Filipino games Lupakan, singing
and dancing in the province of Batangas.
A. Kadayawan C. Panagbenga
B. Moriones D. Sublian
4. This is a dance form originated in Batangas. Traditionally, it is performed with the
accompaniment of the drums and chanting that praises the Patron through poetry,
movement and music.
A. Cha-cha C. Subli
B. Pandanggo sa Ilaw D. Tinikling
5. It is a festival that consists of a tribal dance parade with drum music, costumes and
indigenous accessories to honor the Santo Niňo.
A. Ati-atihan C. Kadayawan
B. Ibalong D. Sinulog
6. It is a religious festival where different groups of dancers dressed in colorful attire
accompanied by rhythmic music of the drums, percussions, trumpets, and native gongs.
A. Ati-atihan C. Kadayawan
B. Ibalong D. Sinulog
7. Singing lively street dancing and offerings to their deities are the highlights of this festival.
A. Ati-atihan C. Kadayawan
B. Ibalong D. Sinulog
8. It is a religious festival performed with chanting and accompanied by drums.
A. Ati- atihan C. Kadayawan
B. Ibalong D. Sublian
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9. It is a collaborative form of theater, music, dance and literature that portrays day to day
struggles and triumphs of common Filipino.
A. Bodabil C. Moro-moro
B. Komedya D. Sarsuela
10.It is one of the colorful theatrical traditions in the Philippines used by the Spanish as a
method to spread Christianity.
A. Bodabil C. Moro-moro
B. Komedya D. Sarsuela

Lesson Musical Characteristics of

Philippine Festival and
Theatrical Forms

What Is It

In this lesson the different musical characteristics of the selected Philippine festivals and
theater will be discussed.
Read and Understand

Festival is an event ordinarily celebrated by a community and centered on some

characteristics/aspect of the community and its religion or culture. These are the selected
festivals in the Philippines and their musical characteristics.

Musical Characteristics
Distinguishing
Festival Instruments Tempo
Characteristics
Used
• It consists of a tribal dance Drums Vivace
parade with rhythmic drum Trumpets (Lively)
beats, chants, prayers, and Xylophones
tribal dance music Gongs
Lyres
Ati-atihan
• It features a street parade Drums Vivace
done by a dance ritual. Trumpets (Lively)
Different groups of dancers Native
• are accompanied by Gongs
rhythmic music of the Other band
drums, percussions, instruments
Sinulog trumpets, and native gongs.

• It is a religious ceremony Drums Allegretto

that involves praying, (Fast)
eating, dancing the “Subli”,
and singing verses with
strict skeletal melody.
It is performed with
Sublian chanting and accompanied
• by drums.
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 • Singing lively, street Loud drums Vivace
dancing, and offerings to (Lively)
their deities are the
highlights of the festival.
Music from drums and other
Kadayawan • musical instruments are
performed live.
• It features the various Gongs Vivace
characters from the epic T'boli bells, (Lively)
while celebrating through Gangsa,
songs and dances. Tungatong,
Other attractions of the and other
indigenous
• festival include street
carnivals and musical instruments
Ibalong performances.

Theater is a collaborative form of performing arts that uses live performers, typically
actors or actresses, to present the experience of a real or imagined event before a live
audience in a specific place, often a stage.
General Musical characteristics of Theater
• It has catchy music in a popular style.
• It consists of solo songs, duets, choruses and ensembles.
• Orchestra or band accompaniment is used.
• There is spoken dialogue.

The Different Forms of Philippine Theater and their Musical Characteristics

Theater Musical Characteristics
1. KOMEDYA • It has literary musical forms of entertainment.
• Lines/play are written in verse with musical background.
• It tells a story having romance and battle dances.
• It describes conflicts of Christians and Muslims.

2. SARSUELA • Lines are delivered through singing.

• It tells a story.
• It is a live drama
• It is a literary musical form of entertainment.
• It portrays the typical Filipino realities and stories such as,
elections and feasts, marriage and family, vices and values.
3. BODABIL • It has literary musical forms of entertainment.
• It has stage presentation featuring comedy musical,
monologue, skits, impersonators, acrobats and even magical
acts.

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 What I Can Do

Activity 1: Fill Me!

Instructions: Study the following pictures and fill in the missing information. Write the answer
in your answer sheet.
Festival or Name of Festival or Musical characteristics
Theater Theatrical Form (Tempo)
1.

Kadayawan

2. Lines/play are written in

verse with musical
Theater background

3. Ibalong

4.

Theater

Assessment

PART I. TRUE OR FALSE

Instructions: Write TRUE if the statement is true. If the statement is FALSE, change the
underlined word and write it in your answer sheet.
1. Ibalong features the various characters from the epic through songs and dances.

2. The highlight of the Ati-atihan festival is offering to their deities through lively singing, and
street dancing.
3. The Sinulog festival features a street parade done by a dance ritual accompanied by melodic
music of the drums, percussions, trumpets, and native gongs.
4. Theater consists of solo songs, duets, choruses and ensembles.
5. Orchestra or band accompaniment is used in a musical theater.
Part II. ENUMERATION
Instructions: Enumerate the musical characteristics of the following.
A. Theater (Sarsuela)
1.____________________________________________
2.____________________________________________
3.____________________________________________
4.____________________________________________
5.____________________________________________
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 Answer Keys

WHAT I KNOW
1. B 6. D
2. A 7. C
3. D 8. D
4. C 9. D
5. A 10. B

ARTS 7
After going through this module, you are expected to identify the festivals and theatrical
forms celebrated all over the country throughout the year. (A7ELIVa-1)
Specifically, you are expected to:
1. identify the different religious and non-religious festivals and theatrical forms celebrated
all over the country;
2. design costume of your chosen religious or non-religious festival in your province or
community; and
3. validate the importance of celebrating religious and non-religious festivals in your
community.

What I Know

Part I. MULTIPLE CHOICE

Directions: Read the statements carefully. Write the answer in your answer sheet.
1. It is one of the famous events shown during Lent season.
A. Dance drama B. Shadow play C. Senakulo D. Zarzuela
2. It is a play with songs and dances usually written in prose.
A. Zarzuela B. Dance drama C. Shadow play D. Moro-Moro
3. It is a play which follows the pattern of a love affair between a MuslimFilipino prince and
a Christian princess.

A. Dance drama B. Festival C. Moro-Moro D. Theater

4. It is a drama that is performed through dance movements.
A. Festival B. Shadow play C. Spectacle D. Dance drama
5. It is an ancient art form that uses flat expressed figures to produce cutout figures which
are held together by sticks and sometimes thread to create movement.

A. Dance drama B. Moro-Moro C. Zarzuela D. Shadow play

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 What is It

Festivals are delightful events for the Filipinos, since we are art-loving, and fun-loving
people. Our life is surrounded by festivities and celebrations through it we express our
thanksgiving and celebration of blessings from God.
Philippine festivals are divided into two categories, namely:
A. Religious Festival – is a festival by a certain or specific group of churches or
religions.
B. Non-religious Festival -.is a festival with a group of people, community or a region due to
tradition and culture.
RELIGIOUS FESTIVALS
Pahiyas Festival
It is an expensive and colorful affair in the quiet town of Lucban,
celebrated every 15th of May in honor of San Isidro Labrador. It is the
Farmers` thanksgiving for a rich and bountiful harvest. The townspeople
prepare manythings for this festival, among them is the all-important
Kipling. Lucban, Quezon City

Obando Fertility Right

It is both a festival and a prayerful request for devotees, celebrated
every May. Locals and travelers dressed in traditional costumes, dance
and sing in the town`s streets to honor and beg Obando`s three patron
saints: San Pascual (Paschal Baylon), Santa Clara(Clare of Assisi) and Obando, Bulacan
NuestraSeñora deSalambao (Our Lady of Salambao).
Moriones Festival
It is held during the Holy week. The Moriones is a costume worn by
Marinduquenos. Morion means “mask” or “visor” that covers the wearer`s
face. This festival is characterized by colorful and realistic Roman
costumes, painted masks like true to life and brightly colored tunics (a
Marinduque
loose garment, typically sleeveless and reaching to the wearer`s knees).
Ati-Atihan Festival
It is a festival held on the third week of January in honor of the Santo
Niño and is celebrated by rejoicing and energetic merriment on the
streets. The name means “make-believe
Atis.” The festival is also named after the Ati, the indigenous natives of
the island. Kalibo, Aklan

Sinulog Festival
This festival is held every third Sunday of January to honor the
Santo Niṅo (Child Jesus). The native dance of Sinulog celebrates the
acceptance of the Filipino people of Christianity, more specifically,
Catholicism, to replace their belief of animalism. The word “sulog”
means river current, which pertains to the dance steps being similar
Cebu City
to a river`s push and pull current.

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Dinagyang festival
This festival traces its roots as a thanksgiving celebration in
honor of Senyor Santo Niño, the child Jesus. It also showcases the
rich heritage, colorful history, passionate devotion, and fun-loving
spirit of the Ilonggo people.
Iloilo City
Santacruzan
It is popularly known as Flores de Mayo which means “Flowers
in May”. It is celebrated with flower offerings for the blessed Virgin
Mary in Catholic churches. Santacruzan (from the Spanish santacruz,
“holy cross”) is a ritual pageant held on the last day of the Flores de
Mayo.
NON-RELIGIOUS FESTIVAL

Panagbenga Festival

Its English name is The blooming Flowers Festival, which

means, “season of blooming”. It is a month-long annual celebration of
a tribute to the city`s beautifully grown flowers, and is celebrated in
the month of February. Baguio City
Masskara Festival
Masskara is a combination of the English word “mass” and the
Spanish word “kara” (which means face). This festival is celebrated
every third weekend of October, or on the closest weekend to October
19. It dramatizes the steadfast character of the Negrenses and
symbolizes what the City of Smiles, Bacolod City, do best, putting on
a smiling face even when faced with challenges Bacolod City

Kaamulan Festival
This festival is celebrated from the second half of February to
March 10. It shows the unique indigenous culture through integrating
different activities of several sectors and fusing them into one, creating
a unique and wonderful celebration in ethnic fashion.
Malaybalay City, Bukidnon
Kadayawan Festival
It is a festival of thanksgiving in the month of August for the gifts
of nature, the wealth of culture and the bounties of harvest, and
peaceful living that is derived from the Dabawenyong word, “madayaw”
or good, valuable and superior in English.
Davao City

Philippine theater comes in a variety of forms. These include religious and non-
religious acts or productions, usually shown or performed during festivals, covering a wide
range of resources and origins.
Now, let us identify the Philippine theatrical forms.
THEATRICAL FORMS
Shadow Play
It is an ancient art form that uses flat, expressed figures to produce
cut-out figures which are held together by sticks and sometimes, thread,
to create movement, which are shown behind a thin layer of cloth or
screen and a light source to create the shadows.

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Dance Drama
It is a drama performed through dance movements, frequently
with dialogue or sometimes, even singing and is popular for retelling
of famous, national literatures. Actors act out scenes through a complex
gesture language, which imitates actions in real life and are required
rhythmic body movements as an expressive public performance.
Comedia or Moro-Moro
It is the earliest known form of organized theater created by Spanish
priests. It is unique to the Philippines because there are no other countries
that thought of or created the said drama. This form of theater is usually
performed during festivals or fiestas throughout the Philippines. All Moro-
Moro plays follow the pattern of a love affair between a Muslim-Filipino
princeand a Christian princess.
Sarswela or Zarzuela
It is a play with songs and dances usually written in prose,
depicting the unusual feature of a romantic love among idealized Filipino
characters that are often accompanied by topics of contemporary, social,
political, economical or cultural issues for relevance and added interest.

Senakulo
It is one of the most famous events during the Lent season usually
showing stories and events from the Old and New Testaments related
to the life, sufferings and death of Jesus Christ. It takes at least eight
days to be performed, from Palm Sunday to
Easter Sunday, in different places: on the streets, on stage, in a chapel
or church.

What I Can Do

ACTIVITY 1: MINIATURE COSTUME DESIGNING

Directions: Read and follow the step-by-step process in designing
your own costume.
Materials Needed:
- pair of scissors
- glue gun
- tweezers
- coloring materials like: pens, water colors, crayons
- recycled materials like: beads, sequins, other available
- indigenous materials like: broom hair, sawdust, other available
- other needed materials: paste or glue, the figures below

Steps to follow:
1. Trace or copy the figures in a short bond paper. Choose
either male or female.
2. Start designing by pasting the needed materials.
3. Use different kinds of materials, indigenous or recycled
materials like broom hair for wigs to create different
textures.
4. When you are done, keep your design.

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Rubric:
Category 5 4 3
Shows an original idea of an Shows an artwork Shows a pure
Creativity and
artwork and displays effort inspired from others imitation of other
Craftsmanship
in designing with a combination of artworks
own ideas and designs
Resourcefulness Artwork clearly shows the Artwork shows less use Artwork does not
use of easily found natural of easily found natural display any natural
materials in a detailed and materials. materials.
specific way.
Content The design is related to The design is somehow Not related
Philippine festival. related to Philippine
festival.

Assessment

PART I. IDENTIFICATION
Directions: Identify the following festivals whether Religious or Non-Religious. Write the
answer in your answer sheet.

1. Kadayawan 6. Santacruzan
2. Pahiyas 7. Dinagyang
3. Kaamulan 8. Sinulog
4. Moriones 9. Ati-Atihan
5. Masskara 10.Obando fertility right

Answer Key

WHAT I KNOW
1. C
2. A
3. C
4. D
5. D

PHYSICAL EDUCATION 7
Dance is a performing art form consisting of purposefully selected sequences of human
movement. This movement has artistic and symbolic value, and is acknowledged as dance by
performers and observers within a particular culture. Dance can be categorized and described
by its choreography, by its collection of movements, or by its historical period or place of
origin.
After reading this module, you should be able to describe the nature and background
of the dance (PE7RDIVc-1).
Specifically you are expected to:
1. identify the origin of the festival dance;
2. draw a festival dance costume; and
3. share the importance of festival dance through writing a reflection.
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 What I Know

TRUE or FALSE
Directions: Read each statement carefully. Write True if the statement is correct and False if
it is incorrect. Write the answer in your answer sheet.

1. Dance is a performing art form consisting of purposefully selected sequences of

human movement.
2. Festival dances are cultural dances performed by a community of people sharing
the same culture usually done in honor of a Patron Saint or as a thanksgiving for
a bountiful harvest.
3. Kalilangan are men and women in costumes and wearing mask replicating the
attire of biblical Roman soldiers.
4. Ati- Atihan is a feast held annually in January in honor of the Santo Niño (Infant
Jesus)
5. Sinulog is an annual thanksgiving celebration for Camiguin Island’s bountiful
harvest.

What is It?

Read and Understand

Dance is an active recreational and health-promoting physical activity which many people
worldwide incorporate into their lifestyles today. This appeals to some who may not typically
be active and therefore may be another alternative of exercise.

Festival dance draws the people’s culture by portraying their way of life through movements,
costume and implements inherent to their place of origin.
NATURE AND BACKGROUND OF FESTIVAL DANCES:
A. Cultural with religious influences.
These are dances characterized by movements showing reverence to a religious icon
believed to have mediated in their personal life. The following are some of these
dances.
Cultural Dance with Religious Influences
NAME OF PLACE OF DESCRIPTION SAMPLE
FESTIVAL ORIGIN IMAGE
DANCE

1. Ati- atihan Kalibo, A  held annually during 3rd Sunday of

klan January
 to be like “Aetas” or make believe
Aetas
 it consists of tribal dance and
music accompanied by indigenous
costumes and weapons, and
parade along the street.
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2. Moriones Marinduque  held every holy week
 show cases men and women in
costumes and mask replicating the
attire of biblical Roman soldier.

3. Dinagyag Iloilo City  held on the 4th

Sunday of January, or right after
the Sinulog in Cebu and the Ati-
atihan in Aklan.
4. Sinulog Cebu City  held in every year on the 3rd
Sunday of JANUARY.
 it is a traditional and ritual dance in
honor of Santo Niño.

5. Pahiyas Tayabas,  held every 15th of May  the

Sariaya, decorations are called “Kipping”, leaf-
Gumaca shaped and multi-colored rice paste
and Tiaong, wafers which are used to decorate the
Philippines facades of the homes along with fruits
and flowers from nature.
B. Indigenous Influence/ Non- Religious Festival

These dances are celebrated in any occasion, be it personal, family or even those
that will require the whole community to celebrate an event or acknowledge an icon which
became the source of inspiration, identity, or origin.

Here are some of the dances:

NAME OF PLACE OF DESCRIPTION SAMPLE IMAGE
FESTIVAL ORIGIN
DANCE
1. Maskara Bacolod City  began on April 22, 1980 during the
period of crisis when the inter-
island vessel
MV Don Juan carrying many
Negrenses and prominent families
collided with tanker and sank. In
the midst of these events, the city
artists,local government and civic
groups decide to hold a festival of
smiles.
2. Ibalong Legaspi held every 25th of October through
City, Albay  to the 31st of the same month.
 they celebrated the epic story
Ibalong who was
accompanied by three
legendary heroes namely: Baltog,
Handyong and Bantong.
3. Kalilangan General  held every month of February.
Santos to celebrate the tradition of sharing,
City  hospitality, selflessness that is part
of the cultural heritage of
Mindanao such as the local
wedding ceremony and other
religious rituals.
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 Other form of festival
NAME OF PLACE OF DESCRIPTION SAMPLE
FESTIVAL ORIGIN IMAGE
DANCE
Panagbenga Baguio City  held in February, created as a
tribute to the city's flowers and as
a way to rise up from the
devastation of the 1990 Luzon
earthquake.

What I Can Do

ACTIVITY 1: DRAW ME
Directions: Draw your own design of Moriones’ mask. Your output will rated using the
criteria below.

Criteria:
Resourcefulness 30 pts.
Visual Appeal 30 pts.
Relevance 40 pts.
Total 100
pts.

Assessment

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer and write it in your answer sheet.
1. It is a performing art form consisting of purposefully selected sequences of human
movement with artistic and symbolic value.
A. Dance C. Singing
B. Film D. Theater
2. Which of these festival dances originated in Legaspi City, Albay?
A. Bakya B. Binasuan C. Ibalong D. Tinikling
3. Which is a festival dance?
A. Alcamfor B. Dinagyang C. Kakawati D. Jotabal
4. What festival dance celebrates the tradition of sharing, hospitality and selflessness is
called _____.
A. Flower B. Kalilangan C. Pinagbenga D. Sinulog
5. It is an event ordinarily celebrated by a community and centering on some
characteristics aspect of that community and its religion or culture.
A. Cultural dance C. Non-religious dance
B. Festival dance D. Religious dance

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 6. Which of the following festival dances is celebrated in the island of Kalibo, Aklan
and takes place in the month of January in honor of the Santo Niño (Infant
Jesus).
A. Ati-atihan B.Ibalong C. Maskara D. Moriones
7. It is a festival dance that uses a decoration called kipping.
A. Flower B. Kalilangan C. Pahiyas D. Sinulog
8. What festival uses mask to portray the Roman and Syrian soldiers’ fortune within
the story of the Passion of Christ?
A. Ati-atihan B. Ibalong C. Maskara D. Moriones
9. It is a cultural dance performed by a community of people sharing the same culture
usually done in honor of a Patron Saint or as a thanksgiving for a bountiful harvest.
A. Contemporary B. Creative C. Festival D. Non- Religious
10. It is a Blooming Flower Festival occurring in Baguio City during the month of
February.
A. Ati-atihan B. Ibalong C. Lanzones D. Panagbenga

Answer key

WHAT I KNOW
1. True
2. True
3. False
4. True
5. False

HEALTH 7
After reading this module, you should be able to explain non-communicable diseases
based on cause and effect, signs and symptoms, risk factors and protective factors and
possible complications.
Specifically, you are expected to:
1. discuss the cause and effect, signs and symptoms, risk and protective factors and
possible complications of the common non-communicable diseases such as allergy,
asthma, arthritis, cardiovascular, cancer, diabetes and renal failure;
2. illustrate the cause and effect, signs and symptoms of the common non-communicable
diseases; and
3. appreciate the importance of learning the common non-communicable diseases.
In going through the module, you have to extend your patience in understanding and
analyzing what you are reading. Follow the directions in the activities. Answer the entire given
tests and exercises carefully and comply the required activities provided.

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 What I Know

Directions: Draw a smiley face if the statement is correct and a sad face if it is not.
Write the answer in your answer sheet.
___1. Allergic Eczema is an allergic rash that is usually caused by eye contact with an allergen.

___2. Hives are caused by an allergic reaction such as food or medication.

___3. Asthma is a chronic lung disorder that causes airways (the tubes that carry air into and
out of the lungs) to become inflamed.
___4. Arrhythmia is a condition in which the heart beats with a regular rhythm.
___5. Stroke is a condition when a clot blocks a small blood vessel in the heart, thus, heart
cells die from lack of oxygen.
___6. Aneurysm is an excessive localized enlargement of the heart caused by a weakening
of the artery wall.
___7. Arteriosclerosis is a group of vascular diseases characterized by thickening and loss of
elasticity of arterial walls.
___8. Rheumatic Heart Disease is an active or inactive disease of the heart that results from
rheumatic fever.
___9. Cancer is caused by abnormal cells growing without control.
___10. Skin cancer is caused by an abnormal growth of skin cells due to an over exposed
heat of the sun.

What Is It?

NATURE OF NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES (NCDS)

Non-Communicable Diseases are not caused by pathogens or diseasecausing
organisms such as bacteria or viruses but rather by how they live, by the conditions which they
are born or by the hazards around them. It also includes diseases caused by a breakdown of
the body tissues (Degenerative Diseases), poor diet, environmental and occupational hazards,
stress and tension.

Here are some common non-communicable diseases:

1. Allergy
A misguided reaction to foreign substances by the immune system.
The substances that trigger allergy are called allergen while
people prone to allergies are said to be allergic.
Examples: pollens, dust mite, molds, dander (dandruff), and certain
food
Kinds Common Signs and Symptoms
 runny nose
a. Hay Fever (allergic rhinitis) is the most  sneezing
common of the allergic diseases and is  stuffy nose
characterized by seasonal nasal symptoms  nasal itching (rubbing)
that are due to pollens.  itchy ears and throat

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 b. Allergic Conjunctivitis is the inflammation of  watery, itchy eyes swelling of the
the tissue layers that cover the surface of the membranes redness under the lids
eyeball and the under surface of the eyelid. and the eyes
 itching, redness and dryness of the
c. Allergic Eczema is an allergic rash that is skin
usually caused by skin contact with an  rash on the face especially among
allergen. children
 rash around the eyes in the elbow
and the knees especially in adults.
d. Hives (Urticaria) are skin reactions that  intense itching
appear as itchy swellings and can occur on any  raised red welts or swollen mark
part of the body. Hives can be caused by an
allergic reaction such as food or medication.
e. Allergic Shock or (Anaphylactic Shock) is  nasal congestion
a life-threatening reaction that can affect a  low blood pressure
number of organs at the same time. It typically  swelling of the throat
occurs when the allergen is eaten (food) or stomach pain, nausea,
injected (a bee sting). vomiting
 reddish discoloration of the skin
 shortness of breath, wheezing
(breathed with a whistling sound in
the chest)

2. Asthma
A chronic lung disorder that causes airways (the tubes that carry
air into and out of the lungs) to become inflamed which means that they
swell and produce
lots of thick mucus.

Common Signs and

Asthma may be prevented through lifestyle Symptoms
changes, activity reduction, allergy-shots and  coughing
medications.  chest tightness
 shortness of breath
 wheezing (out of breath)

Risk Factors Preventions

 monitor your breathing
 Family History - If one of your parents has
 identify and treat attacks
asthma, then you have a greater risk of
early
developing it.
 identify and avoid asthma
 Gender and Age - Asthma is more common in
triggers
children than adults. Boys are more likely to
develop asthma than girls. Risks are equal for  take your medication as
prescribed
men and women for adult-onset asthma.
 get vaccinated for
 Smoking - Smokers have a high risk of asthma.
influenza and pneumonia
Those who were exposed to secondhand smoke
are also more likely to have asthma.
 Air pollution - Constant exposure to air pollution
raises the risk for asthma. Those who grew up or
live in urban areas have a higher risk for asthma.
 Obesity - Children and adults who are overweight
or obese are at a greater risk of asthma.
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 Viral Respiratory Infections - Respiratory
problems during infancy and childhood can cause
difficulty in breathing.
Complications of Asthma
3. Cardiovascular Disease
A disease of the heart and blood vessels. It occurs when
there is a build-up of cholesterol inside the artery walls.
 Congenital Heart Disease is an
abnormality in the heart’s structure that
you are born with
 Congestive Heart Failure is the
incapacity of the heart to keep up with its
function.
• Arrhythmia is a condition in which the
heart beats with an irregular or
abnormal rhythm.
• Rheumatic Heart Disease is an
active or inactive disease of the heart
that results from rheumatic fever. It
reduced the functional capacity of the
heart caused by the scarring of the
valves.
 fatigue
 causing sleep difficulties
 affect a person’s quality of
life
• rapid breathing and heartbeat
• a blue shade to the skin (cyanosis)
• swelling in the legs, tummy and
around the eyes
• shortness of breath in babies during
feeding (making it hard for them to
gain weight) and in older children and
adults during exercise
• fatigue and weakness
• rapid or irregular heartbeat
• reduced ability to exercise
• swelling (edema) in your legs, ankles
and feet
• shortness of breath (dyspnea) when
you exert yourself or when you lie
down
• persistent cough with white or pink
blood-shaded phlegm
• dizziness
• fatigue or weakness
• chest pain or pressure
• rapid beating in the chest
• shortness of breath and nervousness
• in extreme cases, collapse and
sudden cardiac arrest
• Fever
• swellings
• shortness of breath and chest
discomfort
• swollen, tender, red and extremely
painful joints — particularly the knees
and ankles
• red, raised, lattice-like rash, usually on
the chest, back, and abdomen
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B. Vascular (Blood Vessel)Disease Common Signs and Symptoms
• Arteriosclerosis is a group of vascular Atherosclerosis in your:
diseases characterized by thickening • heart arteries - chest pain or pressure
and loss of elasticity of arterial walls. (angina)
• arteries leading to the brain - sudden
• Atherosclerosis occurs when a fatty
numbness or weakness
substance such as cholesterol is
deposited on the walls of the arteries, in your arms or legs
making the vessels hard and less • arteries in the arms and legs - you
elastic. may have leg pain when walking
• arteries leading to the kidneys - you
develop high blood pressure or kidney
failure
• Stroke is a condition when a clot • rouble seeing in one or both eyes
blocks a small blood vessel in the brain, severe headache with no known
thus brain cells die from lack of oxygen. cause
• sudden confusion, trouble speaking
or understanding speech
• trouble walking, dizziness, loss of
balance or coordination
• sudden numbness or weakness of
face, arm, or leg, especially on one
side of the body
• Aneurysm is an excessive localized • Seizure
enlargement of an artery caused by a • stiff neck
weakening of the artery wall. • a drooping eyelid
• sensitivity to light
• nausea and vomiting
• blurred or double vision
• loss of consciousness
• sudden, extremely severe headache

Risk Factors Preventions

• Age • quit smoking
• Gender - Men are generally at • practice good hygiene
greater risk of heart disease. However, • maintains a healthy weight
women's risk increases after
• reduce and manage stress
menopause.
• Family History - A family history of • eat a diet that is low in salt and
heart disease increases your risk of saturated fat
coronary artery disease, especially if a • exercise at least 30 minutes a day on
parent developed it at an early age. most days of the week
• Smoking - Nicotine tightens your • control other health conditions, such
blood vessels, and carbon as high blood pressure, high cholesterol
monoxide can damage their inner lining,
and diabetes
making them more susceptible to
atherosclerosis.
• Poor Diet - A diet that is high in fat,
salt, sugar and cholesterol can
contribute to the development of heart
disease.
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 Complications of Cardiovascular
4. Cancer
It is caused by abnormal cells growing without control. As
these abnormal cells grow, they form in masses called tumors.
Tumors can either be
Benign - masses of cells that are not cancerous and do not
spread.
Malignant - masses of cells that are cancerous and spread to the other parts of the body by
moving along the blood vessels or through the lymph system.
Kinds
a. Skin - The abnormal growth of skin
cells most often develops on skin
exposed to the sun.
b. Colon and Rectum - Also known as
bowel cancer, colon cancer, or rectal
cancer, is the development of cancer from
the colon or rectum.
c. Lungs – It is known as lung carcinoma,
is a malignant lung tumor characterized by
uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the
lungs.
d. Breast – A cancer that develops from
breast tissue.
e. Reproductive Organ
 Prostate cancer is a malignant
(cancerous) tumor that usually
begins in the outer part of the
prostate.
• Heart stops beating and have no
pulse. This means no blood would flow
to your brain and other organs.
Common Signs and Symptoms
Include a painful area of skin that:
• does not heal within 4 weeks
• looks unusual
• pains, itches, bleeds, crusts or scabs for
more than 4 weeks
• constipation, diarrhea, or other changes in
bowel habits
• blood in stool or rectal bleeding
• abdominal pain or cramps
• a sensation that your bowel has not emptied
completely
• unexplained weight loss
• fatigue, weakness, or reduced energy level
• a cough that does not go away or gets
worse
• coughing up blood or rust-colored sputum
(spit or phlegm)
• chest pain that becomes worst when you
breathe deep, cough, or laugh
• hoarseness (harsh in sound)
• loss of appetite
• unexplained weight loss
• shortness of breath
• feeling tired or weak
• infections such as bronchitis and
pneumonia that do not go away or keep
coming back
• swelling of all or part of the breast even if no
lump is felt
• skin dimpling (sometimes looking like an
orange peel)
• breast or nipple pain
• nipple retraction (turning inward)
• nipple or breast skin that is red, dry, flaking
or thickened
• nipple discharge (other than breast milk)
• having trouble urinating;
• a flow of urine that is weak or stops and
starts
• painful and burning urination
• painful ejaculation
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 • blood in urine or semen
• frequent pain or stiffness in the lower back,
hips, or legs.
 Cervical cancer is a type of cancer • vaginal bleeding
that occurs in the cells of the cervix • pelvic pain
– the lower part of the uterus that
• vaginal discharge
connects to the vagina. In almost
all cases it is a result of sexually
transmitted disease.
d. Bone Marrow (leukemia and • fever and chill
lymphoma) - Type of blood cancer that • weakness and fatigue
affects your bone marrow, which makes • frequent or severe infections
blood. • unexplained weight loss
• swollen lymph nodes
• enlarged liver or spleen
• bruising or bleeding easily, including
frequent nosebleeds
• tiny red dots on the skin (petechiae)
Risk Factors Preventions
• obesity • get vaccinated
• alcohol • eat a healthy diet
• older age • do not smoke
• using tobacco • be optimistic
• family history of cancer • get regular medical care
• some types of viral infections, such • avoid too much exposure from the sun
as human papillomavirus (HPV) • maintain a healthy weight and be physically
• exposure to radiation, including active
ultraviolet radiation from the sun.
Complications of Cancer • Affects other body organs and threatens
life.

5. Diabetes
A disease that refers to the blood glucose or blood sugar
levels is too high. Glucose comes from the foods you eat.
Insulin is a hormone that helps the glucose gets into your cells
to give them energy.

Types of Diabetes: Common Signs and

Symptoms
a. Type I Diabetes is the result of little Excessive :
or no insulin produced by the • urination (polyuria)
pancreas. This can be due to a
• thirst (polydipsia)
defective immune system which
• hunger (polyphagia)
attacks the cells that produce insulin.
b. Type II Diabetes is the result of too
little insulin produced by the
pancreas or failure of the insulin to
function normally. Most often begins
in overweight adults.

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 Risk Factors
 Obesity smoking
 Family history
 unhealthy diet
 physical inactivity
 cold climate - people are also more
likely to have type 1 diabetes if they live
in a cold climate.
 air pollution – studies show that air
pollution might also put you at an
increased risk of developing diabetes
Complications of Diabetes
Preventions
 lose extra weight
 get more physical activity
 get plenty of fiber - foods high in
fiber include fruits, vegetables,
beans, whole grains and nuts.
 make healthier food choices
 High blood sugar levels can seriously
damage parts of your body, including your
feet and your eyes.

6. Arthritis
Refers to the inflammation of joints. It usually
occurs during old age.

Kinds Common Signs and Symptoms

a. Rheumatoid Arthritis is an • tender, warm, swollen joints
autoimmune disease which happens • joint stiffness that is usually worse in the
when the body’s immune system mornings and after inactivity
attacks healthy cells by mistake. It • fatigue, fever and loss of appetite.
causes pain and swelling in many joints
throughout the body. This can lead to
deformity and crippling.

b. Osteoarthritis is a disease of older  pain - affected joints might hurt during or

people. It results from the wear and tear
of joints especially those of the hands,
hips, knees and spine. (see picture
above)
after movement.
 stiffness - joint stiffness might be most
noticeable upon awakening or after
being inactive.
 tenderness - your joint might feel tender
when you apply light pressure to or near
it.
 loss of flexibility - you might not be able
to move your joint through its full range
of motion.

Risk Factors Preventions

 smoking
 joint injuries
 overweight and obesity
 genetics and inherited traits
 gender - most types of arthritis are
more common in women.
 age - risk for most types of arthritis
increases as you get older
 infection- many microbial agents, like
bacteria and viruses, can infect joints  Protect your joints - using the right
 exercise avoid injury
 control your weight
 eat fish - certain fish are rich
in omega-3 fatty acids, a
healthy polyunsaturated fat.
Omega-3s have a number of
health benefits, and they can
reduce inflammation in the
body.
techniques when sitting, working, and
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 and potentially cause the development lifting can help protect joints from
of some types of arthritis. everyday strains.
 occupation that involve repetitive knee
bending and squatting are associated
with osteoarthritis of the knee.
Complications of Arthritis  Reduced overall physical activity.

7. Kidney or Renal Failure

A medical condition in which the kidneys fail to
adequately filter waste products from the blood.

Common Signs and Symptoms

 decreased or absence of urine production.
 hematuria (blood loss in urine)
 proteinuria (protein loss in urine)
 increased fluid in the body (leading to swelling).
 increased on acid, phosphate and potassium levels.
 decreased on levels of calcium. In later stages, anemia.

Risk Factors Preventions

 obesity  exercise
 diabetes  quit smoking
 kidney cancer  follow a healthy diet
 bladder cancer  lower salt in your diet
 kidney stones  avoid drinking alcoholic
 high cholesterol beverages
 atherosclerosis  lose weight if you are
 autoimmune disease overweight or obese
 cirrhosis and liver failure  understanding food labels
 narrowing of the artery  stay hydrated
that supplies your kidney

Complications of Kidney or Renal  Anemia

Failure  bone disease
 heart disease
 high potassium, high calcium and fluid
build-up.

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 What I Can Do

ACTIVITY 1: BE HEALTHY, GROW WITH ME!

Directions: In your answer sheet, write your commitment to avoid the following Non-
Communicable.

ACTIVITY 2: SEARCH ME IN
Directions: List down at least one (1) NCD that you or your family has encountered with and
how did you handle it. Write your answer in your answer sheet

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

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 Assessment

IDENTIFICATION
Directions: Identify the corresponding non-communicable diseases below. Choose the correct
answer from the box and write it in your answer sheet.

Allergy Hay Fever Allergic Eczema Hives Asthma

Allergic Shock Arrhythmia Stroke Cardiovascular

1. A misguided reaction to foreign substances by the immune system.

2. The most common of the allergic diseases and is characterized by seasonal nasal symptoms
that are due to pollens.

3. An allergic rash that is usually caused by skin contact with an allergen.

4. Skin react ions that appear as itchy swellings and can occur on any part of the body.

5. A life-threatening reaction that can affect a number of organs at the same time.

6. A chronic lung disorder that causes airways (the tubes that carry air into and out of the lungs)
to become inflamed which means that they swell and produce lots of thick mucus.

7. Disease of the heart and blood vessels. These include heart diseases and vascular diseases.

8. A condition in which the heart beats with an irregular or abnormal rhythm.

9. Group of vascular disease characterized by thickening and loss of elasticity of arterial walls.

10. Occurs when a clot blocks a small blood vessel in the brain, thus brain cells die from lack of
oxygen.

Answer Key

What I Know

1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.

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