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Cotejo

I. Objectives: At the end of the topic the students are expected to;
a. differentiate climate from weather,
b. identify the factors affecting climate,
c. explain how different factors can affect the climate in different places; and,
d. explain specific factors related to the Philippine climate.
II. Materials: PowerPoint Presentation, Pictures, Envelope
References: Exploring Science and Technology (Pages 236-273)
https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/weather-or-climate-whats-difference/
https://michaelgillclassroom.files.wordpress.com/2016/10/6-what-factors-affect-climate.pdf
III: Subject Matter: Factors Affecting Climate
IV: Procedure:7E’s
Level: Grade 9 Student

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

Preparation

a. Prayer
b. Greetings
Introduction

Good morning class! Good morning teacher!

I am so happy to meet you all today! So, please be

ready everyone as we have another topic about
science!

Before that, is there any absentee for today? None ma’am!

None? Very good!

Since nobody is absent today, let’s give ourselves
5 claps! (5 claps)

Sit down, class.

c. Guidelines

Class, I have here some reminders that I want you

all to remember during our class today!

Please read! Reminders:

1. Sit properly.
2. Listen to the teacher carefully.
3. Be respectful to your classmates and your
teacher.
4. Raise your hand if you want to ask
questions or answer.

Understand class? Yes ma’am.

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I. Elicit (Get information from the student)

This time class, let’s have a short game. Are you

all familiar with the game “Four Pics One Word”? Yes ma’am.

That’s great! Now, let’s play that game.

I’ll divide you into 5 groups first. then select a

leader.

Done? Yes ma’am.

Okay, so all you need to do is to guess the word

using the hint pictures. The first group who can
raise the flag can answer first, but if your answer
is wrong, the other group can steal the chance to
answer. The group that can answer the game will
be given 10 points. Then, I’ll give some questions,
the group that can answer will gain 5 points!

Understand? Yes ma’am.

Let’s START!

The first picture is this, now guess the answer!

Group 1: WEATHER
Very good group 1! The answer’s WEATHER!
Here are 10 points! The rest of the group can gain
another bonus points if you can answer my
question.
Possible answer:
What is the weather? Weather is the condition of the atmosphere at a
specific place and time.
Good job Group 2! So, what you see outside is the
weather condition.
Now, what is the weather condition today? Answers may vary:
Sunny, Rainy…
Very good! The weather today is sunny.

Now, let’s move on to the second picture.

Guess the answer class.

Group 3: CLIMATE
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Very good group 3! The answer is climate.

Again, another bonus point who can answer my
question again.

What is climate? Possible answer:

Climate is the pattern of the weather in a certain
area over a long period of time.
Very good group 4! To tell the climate in a certain
area, scientists study its precipitation over 30
years.

So, it is the average weather condition of the place

over a long period of time.
According to PAG-ASA, the climate of the
Philippines is tropical and maritime. It is
characterized by relatively high temperatures,
high humidity, and abundant rainfall.

Good job everyone! Now that’s the difference

between climate and weather.

Any question?
None ma’am!
Okay! Let’s move on to the next part.

II. Engage

I have here some pictures, class. Now, all you

have to do is to compare the two places base on
the pictures given.

So, let’s compare Korea to the Philippines.

based on its location, season, and types of
clothing.

Let’s start with the location first. Geography of Korea and Philippines

Can anyone tell me the difference between the

two pictures?
Possible answer:

The Philippines is almost in the middle of the

globe.
Good observation class. So, Korea is in the east Korea is above the Philippines.
meridian north from the equator to the middle
latitudes while the Philippines is just above the
equator and part of the northern hemisphere.

Next, let’s talk about the season.

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Season in Korea and Philippines.

What do you observe everyone?

Good observation! Korea has winter, spring

summer, and fall while the Philippines has only Possible answer:
the dry and wet seasons. Korea has four seasons while the Philippines has
Let’s move on to the clothes. I know that some of only two.
you were influenced by their street fashion based
on what we see in our KPOP idols and some
KDRAMA’s.

Right? Yes ma’am!

Now, let’s take a look at what they usually wear
and what we usually wear based on trends. Latest Fashion Trends

Now, what do you observe, class?

Possible answers:
Korean people usually wear coats and jacket,
while Filipinos wear crop tops.
Okay very good. Well, not all Filipinos wear crop
tops, these are just some new trends based on
influences in our social media. Filipinos also wear
dresses and a type of clothes that are lightweight
and breathable. Right? Yes ma’am.

So, why do you think we wear this type of

clothing? Possible answer:
It is cold in Korea while it is hot in the
Philippines.
Good point everyone but remember that there 4
seasons in Korea, so their type of clothing may
vary especially in summer as well as here in the
Philippines we also wear jackets if it’s a rainy
season.
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Presentation

Now, we know some of the differences between

Korea and the Philippines. Aside from all my
examples, there are actually a lot of differences
between these two countries in food, fruits as well
as the weather.
But, class, have you ever wondered why we have
different climates from other countries? Why do
they have four seasons and why do we only have
two seasons? Why do they experience snow while
we don’t?
Have you wondered about it, class? Yes ma’am!

Well, actually me too.

So today, we’re going to learn about what are the
factors that can affect our climate.
Everybody, please read the title of our lesson for
today!
“Factors Affecting Climate”
Title: “Factors Affecting Climate”
Here are my learning objectives.
III. Explore

This time class let’s have another activity. With

the same group, you have to answer the activity
that we will have today.

Each group will be given an envelope. All you

need to do is to observe each picture and answer
some questions.

Understand?

Leaders, please come here in front and get the

materials. Yes ma’am.

Now, before we’ll start the activity, again another

reminder for each group while conducting the
activity. Please, everybody read the guidelines.

Guidelines:
1. Read the questions carefully.
2. Ask the teacher if there’s anything you
don’t understand in the activity.
3. Be cooperative to your groupmates.
4. Don’t disturb other groups while working
on your activity.

Understand class?
Yes ma’am.
Now, I will only give 5 minutes to do the activity.
So, take your time and observe carefully.
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Learning Area 1: Latitude

Questions:
1. Which part of the Earth gets the most
sunlight?
2. Why does the north pole and south pole
have cold climate?
3. Which part of the Earth is warm?

Learning Area 2: Altitude

Questions:
1. Why is it that during summer, a lot of
people visit Baguio City?
2. What happens to the temperature as the
place goes higher?
3. What is the difference of temperature
between mountain and the beach?
Learning Area 3: Bodies of Water

Questions:
1. Is there any difference between the
minimum and maximum temperature of
Moscow and British Isles?
2. Which country experienced an extreme
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temperature?
3. Why do British Isles have lower
temperatures than Moscow?

Learning Area 4: Topography

Questions:
1. What happens to the air when it travels up
the mountain?
2. Which side of the mountain would
generally receive more precipitation?
3. Which side of the mountain would
generally receive less precipitation?

Learning Area 4: Ocean Currents

Questions:
1. What are the two currents?
2. What’s the difference between California
IV. Explain currents and the Gulf Stream?
3. What kind of water current travels toward
The time is up! the equator?
Now, choose a representative to present your
work here in front.

Which groups get Learning Area 1? Your group

will present first.

Okay, let’s start with Group 5.

Possible explanation:
Questions: Learning Area 1
1. Which part of the Earth gets the most
sunlight?
The equator gets the most sunlight.
2. Why does the north pole and south pole
have cold climate?
The north pole and south pole get a little
amount of sunlight that’s why they’re
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Very good group 5!
Now, let’s move on to Learning Area 2!
Okay, group 4, present your work.
Questions: Learning Area 2
Good explanation group 4! We’re going to talk
about your answers later. But, let’s move on first
to the third learning area.
Group 3, please explain your answer in front.
Questions:
Very good group 3! Let’s have the learning area
4.
Group 2, please present your answer.
Questions: Learning Area 4
Good job group 2! Now, group 1, please present
Learning Area 5.
Questions:
cold.
3. Which part of the Earth is warm?
The temperate zone is warm.
1. Why is it that during summer, a lot of
people visit Baguio City?
A lot of people want to visit Baguio when
it’s summer because it’s cold there.
2. What happens to the temperature as the
place goes higher?
As the place go higher, the temperature
decreases.
3. What is the difference of temperature
between mountain and the beach?
The temperature of the mountain is colder
than the temperature near the sea. .
1. Is there any difference between the
minimum and maximum temperatures of
Moscow and the British Isles?
Yes, there is a small difference between
their minimum and maximum
temperature.
2. Which country experienced an extreme
temperature?
Between the two countries, Moscow
experienced an extreme temperature.
3. Why do the British Isles have lower
temperatures than Moscow?
Because the British Isles is surrounded
by, water unlike Moscow which is an
inland area.
1. What happens to the air when it goes up
the mountain?
The air became humid and cold then it
creates rain.
2. Which side of the mountain would
generally receive more precipitation?
The windward side receives more
precipitation.
3. Which side of the mountain would
generally receive less precipitation?
The leeward side receives less
precipitation.
1. What are the two currents?
Base on the picture, there is a warm and
cold current.
2. What’s the difference between California
currents and the Gulf Stream?
The difference between California current
and Gulf Stream is that California gets
cold current while the Gulf Stream gets
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the warm currents that brings different

Very good group 1 and excellent everyone! You climate.
all did a great job in presenting your works. 3. What kind of water current travels toward
the equator?
Warm current travels towards the
equator.

V. Elaboration
The one that you presented we’re all the factors
affecting our climate. The latitude, altitude, bodies
of water, topography, and water current.

In learning area 1, they presented which part of

the earth gets the most and the least sunlight, and
that is how latitude affects our climate.

Just look at this picture:

Possible answer:
There are three zones in the picture; Tropic Zone,
How many zones are there in the picture? Temperate Zone, and Polar Zone.

Good job! As you can see, the tropical zone gets a

lot of sunlight that’s why it is warmer than the
temperate zone. The tropical zone also has only 2
seasons while the temperate has four seasons. It is very cold!

Class, what do you think is the climate in the

polar zone?
That’s right! They have a cool summer and a very
cold winter. The Philippines is in a tropical zone.

Which zone is the Philippine class? Korea is in a temperate zone.

Good! How about Korea?

Good observation! Now, we all know why Korea

has four seasons and why they’re warm, while the
Philippines has only two seasons and has a very
hot summer because we are near the equator.

Now, let’s move on to altitude.

Possible answer:
Probing question: Height/ Altitude can affect the temperature.
Why do you think it is colder in mountains and
not near the sea?

Exactly! This is due to the lower air pressure. As

you can see in the picture, for every one thousand
feet of elevation gained, the temperature drops
between 3 and six degrees.
Picture:
Here is an example, a Rwenzori Mountain in
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Africa. We all know that Africa is near the

equator and is known to be very hot, but because
of altitude, what do you see on top of Rwenzori Snow!
Mountain?

Good observation! The mountain has a height of

16, 762 ft. and is permanently snow-capped.

Because of its low temperature, the mountain has

several glaciers.
Possible answer:
Now class, let’s just not go far away, what do you Mt. Malindang
think is the highest mountain here in our place?

Good job! And that is why almost every morning

on that mountain is so foggy.
Picture:
Now, let’s move on to the third factor! The bodies
of water. Base on group 3’s report, there is a small
temperature difference between Moscow and
British Isles even if they are in the same latitude.

Class, look at the picture and observe, what’s the Possible answer:
difference between the two countries. British Isles has neighboring bodies of water
while the Moscow has not.

Good point! Because Moscow doesn’t have

neighboring bodies of water, they experience
more extreme temperatures than an area that has a
lot of bodies of water. Yes ma’am.

Understand class?

Now, let’s move on to the fourth factor,

topography.

So class, one of the topographic features of an

area is mountain.

Let’s take a look at this picture again.

Moist wind coming from the sea flew up the

mountain. Because temperature decreases as
altitude increases, water vapor eventually
condenses, and there is precipitation or rainfall.
That part of the mountain was called the
windward side. Possible answer:
It is much hotter on the leeward side.
Now, class what do you think is the climate on the
leeward side?

Good job! As the wind reaches the peak, the

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warming air picks up water from the environment.

As a result, the wind on the leeward side is dry
and has less precipitation or rainfall.

Lastly, we have the ocean current.

Ocean current also has an important role in
changing the climate in a certain area. It affects
climate by moving cold and warm water on the
globe.

Base on the picture given by the reporter.

The difference of their climate, even if they have

the same latitude is because of different currents. Possible answer:
It is cool.
Based on the picture class, what do you think is
climate in California? It is warm.

Good! How about the climate in the Gulf Stream?

That’s right! Now look at the picture.

Possible answer:
What current travels to the equator, and what Current carries warm water from the equator
current travels to the pole? towards the poles and bring cold water back
toward the equator.

None/ yes ma’am!

Good job everyone! Now, do you have any
questions?

VI. Evaluation
Now, let’s have a simple True or False questions
for our Activity 1 today!

I have here a simple diagram of an imaginary

continent on Earth.
Diagram I

Now class, all you have to do is to identify each

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statement below as either true or false. Write T is

the statement is true and F if the statement is
False.
Statement I:
Write it on a ½ sheet of paper.
1. Location F has the same kind of weather
all year round.
2. Location A has a lesser annual rainfall
because it is on the windward side of the
mountain.
3. Location E have a colder yearly climate
because it is high in the mountain and as
the altitude increases the temperature
decreases.
4. The climate in location A is cooler than
the location D.
5. Location C and location D doesn’t have
the same climate.

Diagram II Statement II
6. It possible for location A to have a moist
climate than in location B.
7. Location C has cooler climate than
location B.
8. Location B is affected by the bodies of
water than Location A.
9. Bodies of water can affect Location C
because of its high latitude.
10. The climate of location B is affected by
the physical attributes and surface of the
area.

Answers:
1. T 6. T
2. F 7. T
3. T 8. F
4. T 9. F
5. F 10. T

Now for activity 2 that will also be considered as

your exit slip, let’s just answer the following
questions related to the Philippine Climate.

1. Why does one need to choose warm

clothing, sweatshirts, and jackets when
planning for a vacation to Baguio City?
2. Why do rainfall distributions throughout
the Philippines vary from one region to
another?

VII- Extend
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For you assignment class, all you need to do is to

research about climate change.

Here are the questions that you need to answer.

1. What is climate change?

2. What is the cause and effect of climate
change?

That’s all for today everyone, and I hope you

learn a lot from our discussion for today!