Understanding Research 1st Edition

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Understanding Research 1st Edition Neuman Test Bank

Chapterȱ1 WhyȱDoȱResearch?

1.1 MultipleȱChoice
1) Empiricalȱevidence
A) isȱdataȱorȱevidenceȱthatȱcanȱbeȱtiedȱtoȱsomethingȱthatȱcanȱbeȱseen,ȱtouched,ȱsmelled,ȱetc.
B) isȱalwaysȱeasilyȱcollected.
C) neverȱneedsȱtoȱbeȱdocumented.
D) doesȱnotȱneedȱtoȱbeȱcollectedȱsystematically.
Answer: A
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ8
Skill: Comprehension

2) Basicȱsocialȱresearchȱincreasesȱgeneralȱknowledgeȱand
A) itsȱusefulnessȱisȱusuallyȱimmediatelyȱapparent.
B) requiresȱthatȱtheȱresearcherȱpurchaseȱexpensiveȱequipment.
C) theȱresearchersȱareȱactivistȱandȱinterventionistȱoriented,ȱsolvingȱimmediateȱproblems.
D) isȱtheȱsourceȱofȱmostȱnewȱscientificȱideas.
Answer: D
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ18
Skill: Knowledge

3) Criticalȱthinking
A) involvesȱsuperstitionȱandȱwitchcraft.
B) looksȱatȱanȱissueȱfromȱoneȱviewpointȱonly.
C) hasȱlittleȱtoȱdoȱwithȱresearch.
D) leadsȱusȱtoȱuncoverȱhiddenȱassumptions.
Answer: D
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ6
Skill: Knowledge

4) QuantitativeȱdataȱcollectionȱtechniquesȱincludeȱallȱBUTȱtheȱfollowing:
A) historicalȱcomparativeȱresearch. B) experiments.
C) surveys. D) contentȱanalyses.
Answer: A
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ12
Skill: Comprehension

5) WhichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱisȱNOTȱaȱmajorȱpurposeȱofȱresearch?
A) toȱexploreȱaȱnewȱissue
B) toȱfindȱhiddenȱtreasure
C) toȱseeȱifȱaȱprogramȱworksȱasȱitȱshould
D) toȱexplainȱwhyȱanȱeventȱhappensȱinȱaȱcertainȱway
Answer: B
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ13
Skill: Knowledge

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6) QuantitativeȱResearchȱexperiments
A) areȱalsoȱcalledȱsurveyȱresearch.
B) doȱnotȱfollowȱtheȱlogicȱfoundȱinȱnaturalȱscienceȱresearch.
C) requireȱaȱwellȱdefinedȱresearchȱquestion.
D) haveȱnothingȱtoȱdoȱwithȱscience.
Answer: C
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ11
Skill: Comprehension

7) Thisȱtypeȱofȱdataȱcollectionȱtypicallyȱrequiresȱthatȱaȱresearcherȱcloselyȱobservesȱaȱsmallȱgroup
ofȱpeopleȱoverȱaȱlengthȱofȱtime.
A) ethnographicȱfieldȱresearch B) surveys
C) quantitativeȱdataȱcollection D) historical-comparativeȱresearch
Answer: A
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ12
Skill: Comprehension

8) Dr.ȱMarshȱdidȱanȱexploratoryȱstudyȱonȱaȱtopicȱthatȱheȱthoughtȱwasȱveryȱinteresting.ȱHeȱspent
hoursȱandȱhoursȱcollectingȱdataȱandȱanalyzingȱtheȱdata,ȱbutȱwhenȱheȱtriedȱtoȱinterpretȱtheȱdata
heȱdidnȇtȱgetȱanywhereȱ-ȱnothingȱmadeȱsense.ȱWhichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱstepsȱinȱtheȱresearch
processȱdoȱyouȱthinkȱthatȱDr.ȱMarshȱskipped?
A) informingȱothers B) designingȱtheȱstudy
C) backgroundȱresearch D) selectingȱaȱtopic
Answer: B
Diff:ȱ3 PageȱRef:ȱ21
Skill: Application

9) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱstudiesȱmightȱbeȱconsideredȱexplanatoryȱresearch?
A) Whyȱareȱsomeȱwomenȱalwaysȱlateȱforȱtheirȱannualȱphysical?
B) Doȱathletesȱlikeȱaȱspecificȱbeverage?
C) Doesȱtheȱanti-smokingȱpolicyȱinȱArizonaȱwork?
D) Whenȱisȱtheȱbestȱtimeȱtoȱimplementȱaȱnewȱstudentȱpolicy?
Answer: A
Diff:ȱ3 PageȱRef:ȱ14
Skill: Application

10) Inȱrealȱlifeȱtheȱseven-stepȱresearchȱplanȱoftenȱintegratesȱstepsȱ,ȱitȱisȱnonȱlinear.ȱWhatȱstepȱisȱthe
mostȱimportantȱinȱensuringȱthatȱtheȱresearchȱtopicȱisȱnarrowedȱtoȱanȱappropriateȱarea?
A) informingȱothers B) designingȱtheȱstudy
C) analyzingȱtheȱdata D) focusingȱtheȱquestion
Answer: D
Diff:ȱ3 PageȱRef:ȱ21
Skill: Application

11) Dr.ȱRichardsȱtookȱhisȱresearchȱinȱaȱcompletelyȱnewȱdirection,ȱandȱfoundȱhimselfȱaskingȱthe
ȈWhatȈȱquestionȱagainȱandȱagainȱtoȱtryȱtoȱdesignȱaȱsecondȱstudy.ȱHisȱfirstȱstudyȱwas
consideredȱa(n)ȱ__________ȱstudy.
A) explanatory B) exploratory C) qualitative D) scholarly
Answer: B
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ13
Skill: Analysis
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12) Aȱstudyȱthatȱisȱdevelopedȱtoȱdetermineȱwhetherȱaȱnewȱimmigrationȱlawȱisȱeffectiveȱis
consideredȱwhatȱtypeȱofȱstudy?
A) evaluative B) descriptive
C) comprehensive D) exploratory
Answer: A
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ15
Skill: Analysis

13) WhichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱisȱNOTȱaȱstepȱinȱtheȱresearchȱprocess?
A) designȱstudy B) collectȱdata
C) takeȱaȱcourseȱinȱresearch D) interpretȱdata
Answer: C
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ21
Skill: Knowledge

14) Dr.ȱMottleȱisȱinterestedȱinȱstudyingȱtheȱAmishȱmigrationȱintoȱtheȱmidwestȱduringȱtheȱ1900s.
Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱwouldȱbestȱfitȱherȱresearch?
A) experimental/quantitativeȱresearch
B) contentȱanalysis/quantitativeȱresearch
C) ethnographicȱfieldȱresearch/qualitativeȱresearch
D) historicalȱresearch/qualitativeȱresearch
Answer: D
Diff:ȱ3 PageȱRef:ȱ11-12
Skill: Application

15) Ms.ȱGoldsworthȱtoldȱherȱprofessorȱthatȱsheȱwasȱhavingȱaȱdifficultȱtimeȱdeterminingȱwhatȱis
trueȱandȱhowȱtoȱevaluateȱdata.ȱSheȱactuallyȱneedsȱhelpȱwith
A) criticalȱreasoning. B) qualitativeȱresearch.
C) historicalȱresearch. D) formingȱanȱargument.
Answer: A
Diff:ȱ3 PageȱRef:ȱ22
Skill: Application

16) Dr.ȱVanȱOfferȱisȱaȱmedicalȱdoctorȱwithȱanȱideaȱaboutȱhowȱtoȱimproveȱhisȱdermatology
patientsȇȱcare.ȱHeȱwouldȱlikeȱtoȱperformȱaȱstudy.ȱWhatȱtypeȱofȱstudyȱshouldȱheȱconsider?
A) exploratory B) descriptive C) explanatory D) experimental
Answer: B
Diff:ȱ3 PageȱRef:ȱ13
Skill: Comprehension

17) Dr.ȱMarshȱdesignedȱaȱstudyȱtoȱdetermineȱifȱtheȱnewȱhealthcareȱguidelinesȱimpacted
practitionerȱprocedures.ȱThisȱstudyȱisȱmostȱlikelyȱa(n)
A) evaluativeȱstudy. B) extractiveȱstudy.
C) exactȱstudy. D) descriptiveȱstudy.
Answer: A
Diff:ȱ3 PageȱRef:ȱ15
Skill: Application

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18) Dr.ȱVanȱOfferȱisȱconductingȱaȱsurveyȱresearchȱstudy.ȱHeȱwill
A) askȱpeopleȱquestionsȱinȱaȱwrittenȱformatȱorȱinȱanȱinterviewȱformat.
B) needȱthousandsȱofȱparticipants.
C) summarizeȱtheȱdataȱinȱpowerpointȱpresentationsȱonly.
D) needȱatȱleastȱ5ȱassistantsȱtoȱhelpȱprocessȱtheȱstudy.
Answer: A
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ11
Skill: Application

19) Twoȱtypesȱofȱresearchȱareȱtypicallyȱdoneȱinȱtheȱlaterȱstageȱofȱtheȱlearningȱprocess.ȱTheyȱare
A) explanatory,ȱevaluation B) descriptive,ȱexplanatory
C) evaluation,ȱdescriptive D) exploratory,ȱdescriptive
Answer: A
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ17
Skill: Knowledge

20) WhichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱdefinitionsȱDOESȱNOTȱfitȱtheȱwordȱȈresearchȈ?
A) applyingȱcriticalȱthinkingȱandȱadoptingȱanȱorientation
B) processȱofȱapplyingȱacceptedȱtechniquesȱandȱprinciples
C) gatheringȱpreexistingȱinformationȱfromȱacademicȱjournals
D) usingȱfaultyȱlogicȱtoȱmakeȱchoices
Answer: D
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ9
Skill: Knowledge

21) Mr.ȱLove,ȱanȱassistantȱtoȱDr.ȱVanȱOffer,ȱwasȱtoldȱthatȱheȱneededȱtoȱfindȱempiricalȱevidence.ȱHe
hasȱnoȱclueȱwhatȱthatȱmeansȱ-ȱwhatȱisȱtheȱcorrectȱmeaning?
A) dataȱorȱevidenceȱthatȱultimatelyȱcanȱbeȱtiedȱtoȱsomethingȱthatȱcanȱbeȱseen,ȱtouched,
smelled,ȱheard,ȱetc.
B) aȱlistȱofȱfoodȱitems
C) unusualȱworkȱpractices
D) evidenceȱthatȱisȱthrownȱtogetherȱwithȱnoȱpracticalȱmeaning.
Answer: A
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ10
Skill: Comprehension

22) Explanatoryȱresearch
A) isȱcompatibleȱwithȱexploratoryȱandȱdescriptiveȱresearch.
B) identifiesȱsourcesȱofȱsocialȱbehaviorsȱandȱbeliefs
C) answersȱtheȱquestionȱȈdoesȱitȱwork?Ȉ
D) hasȱanȱoutcomeȱofȱpracticalȱrecommendations
Answer: B
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ14
Skill: Knowledge

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23) Appliedȱresearchersȱrarely
A) conductȱevaluationsȱofȱdata.
B) areȱrecognizedȱasȱleadersȱinȱtheȱfieldȱofȱsocialȱresearch.
C) findȱanythingȱofȱsignificance.
D) worryȱaboutȱbuilding,ȱtesting,ȱorȱconnectingȱfindingsȱtoȱaȱlargerȱtheory.
Answer: D
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ18
Skill: Knowledge

24) Empiricalȱsocialȱresearch
A) hasȱnoȱrealȱworldȱapplication.
B) generatesȱresultsȱstatedȱasȱfixedȱabsolutes.
C) isȱanȱongoingȱprocessȱofȱaccumulatingȱinformation.
D) isȱtheȱsameȱasȱcriticalȱthinking.
Answer: C
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ22
Skill: Comprehension

25) Descriptiveȱresearch
A) presentsȱaȱgeneralizedȱpictureȱofȱaȱsituation.
B) canȱblendȱtogetherȱwithȱexplanatoryȱresearch.
C) focusesȱonȱwhetherȱsomethingȱactuallyȱworks.
D) isȱtheȱsameȱasȱexploratoryȱresearch.
Answer: B
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ13-14
Skill: Knowledge

1.2 True/False
1) ȈArgumentȈȱusedȱinȱtheȱresearchȱcontextȱmeansȱaȱsetȱofȱofȱlogicallyȱconnectedȱstatementsȱthat
endȱwithȱaȱlogicalȱconclusion.
Answer: TRUE
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ7
Skill: Knowledge

2) Twoȱdifferentȱtypesȱofȱresearchȱ(e.g.ȱdescriptiveȱandȱexploratory)ȱcanȱoftenȱblendȱtogetherȱin
practice.
Answer: TRUE
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ14
Skill: Comprehension

3) Strong,ȱsolidȱevidenceȱisȱdirectlyȱcorrelatedȱwithȱquantitativeȱresearchȱandȱhasȱnothingȱtoȱdo
withȱqualitativeȱresearch.
Answer: FALSE
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ10
Skill: Comprehension

4) Exploratoryȱresearchȱfocusesȱonȱwhoȱandȱhowȱquestions.
Answer: FALSE
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ13
Skill: Knowledge

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5) Empiricalȱevidenceȱinvolvesȱmoral,ȱreligiousȱorȱideologicalȱreasoning.
Answer: FALSE
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ7
Skill: Knowledge

6) Socialȱresearchȱisȱevidence-basedȱsoȱanswersȱthatȱareȱderivedȱareȱstatic,ȱthatȱis,ȱtheyȱnever
change.
Answer: FALSE
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ9
Skill: Comprehension

7) Basicȱresearchȱaddressesȱaȱspecificȱconcernȱorȱoffersȱsolutionsȱtoȱaȱproblemȱthatȱhasȱbeen
identifiedȱbyȱanȱemployer,ȱclub,ȱorȱsomeȱotherȱorganizationȱorȱmovement.
Answer: FALSE
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ18
Skill: Comprehension

8) Appliedȱscienceȱresearchersȱoftenȱuseȱtheȱresultsȱinȱdecisionȱmaking.
Answer: TRUE
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ19
Skill: Knowledge

9) Inȱpracticalȱapplicationȱtheȱseven-stepȱresearchȱprocessȱrequiresȱthatȱoneȱmustȱfinishȱoneȱstep
beforeȱundertakingȱtheȱnextȱstep.
Answer: FALSE
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ21
Skill: Knowledge

10) Theȱresearchȱprocessȱisȱfiniteȱ- requiringȱnoȱadditionalȱstudiesȱorȱresults.

Answer: FALSE
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ21
Skill: Comprehension

1.3 ShortȱAnswer
1) Inȱ2-3ȱsentencesȱdescribeȱtheȱreasoningȱforȱcriticalȱthinking.
Answer: Theȱvalueȱofȱlookingȱatȱanȱissueȱfromȱmoreȱthanȱoneȱview,ȱleadsȱtoȱuncoverȱhidden
assumptions.ȱSingleȱviewȱlimitsȱperspective.
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ6-7
Skill: Knowledge

2) Theȱfinalȱstepȱinȱtheȱresearchȱprocessȱisȱinformingȱothers.ȱInȱoneȱorȱtwoȱsentences,ȱexplainȱhow
thatȱcouldȱbeȱdoneȱeffectively.
Answer: Possibleȱanswersȱincludeȱpublication,ȱpresentation,ȱprofessionalȱassociations,ȱetc.
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ21
Skill: Application

3) Explanatoryȱresearchȱasksȱtheȱquestionȱ__________ȱandȱevaluationȱasksȱ__________.
Answer: Explanatoryȱasksȱwhy andȱevaluationȱasksȱdoesȱitȱwork.
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ17
Skill: Knowledge

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4) Describeȱexploratoryȱresearch.ȱWhatȱisȱitsȱgoal?
Answer: examineȱnewȱarea,ȱtendȱtoȱuseȱqualitativeȱdata,ȱgoalȱisȱtoȱdefineȱquestionsȱforȱfuture
research
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ13
Skill: Knowledge

5) Whoȱareȱtheȱprimaryȱconsumersȱofȱbasicȱandȱappliedȱresearch?
Answer: Otherȱresearchersȱandȱpractitionersȱ(teachers,ȱetc.)
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ19
Skill: Knowledge

6) Brieflyȱdescribeȱtheȱdifferenceȱbetweenȱqualitativeȱdataȱvs.ȱquantitativeȱdata.
Answer: qualitativeȱwords,ȱimages;ȱquantitativeȱ= numbers
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ22
Skill: Analysis

7) Whyȱwouldȱitȱbeȱimportantȱtoȱinformȱothersȱatȱtheȱendȱofȱtheȱresearchȱcycle?
Answer: Essentialȱtoȱbuildȱgeneralizableȱknowledge.
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ21
Skill: Analysis

8) Whichȱisȱmoreȱimportant,ȱtheȱtypeȱofȱdataȱcollectedȱorȱwhetherȱtheȱdataȱareȱtrustworthy?
Why?
Answer: dataȱareȱtrustworthyȱ- invalidȱdata,ȱstudyȱmayȱbeȱinvalid.
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ22
Skill: Analysis

9) Researchȱthatȱutilizesȱpreviouslyȱcollectedȱdataȱorganizedȱinȱaȱdifferentȱwayȱtoȱaddressȱa
questionȱisȱconsideredȱwhatȱtypeȱofȱdataȱcollectionȱtechnique?
Answer: existingȱstatisticalȱsources
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ12
Skill: Knowledge

10) Aȱmedicalȱresearchȱstudyȱthatȱcomparesȱoneȱdrugȱtoȱaȱnewȱdrugȱtoȱseeȱifȱtheȱnewȱdrugȱisȱmore
effectiveȱisȱmostȱlikelyȱwhatȱkindȱofȱresearch?ȱWhatȱtypeȱofȱdataȱcollectingȱtechniqueȱwouldȱbe
mostȱapplicable?
Answer: quantitative,ȱexperiments
Diff:ȱ3 PageȱRef:ȱ11
Skill: Application

1.4 FillȱinȱtheȱBlank
1) __________ȱisȱoneȱwayȱofȱproducingȱknowledge.
Answer: Research
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ5
Skill: Knowledge

2) __________ȱusesȱanȱargumentȱasȱwellȱasȱcriticalȱthinking.
Answer: SocialȱResearch
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ7
Skill: Knowledge

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3) __________ȱandȱ__________ȱareȱtheȱtwoȱformsȱofȱevidenceȱinȱsocialȱresearch.
Answer: Qualitative,ȱquantitative
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ10
Skill: Knowledge

4) IfȱoneȱwereȱtoȱdevelopȱaȱsystemȱofȱanalyzingȱmaterialȱinȱvariousȱCountryȱWesternȱlyrics,ȱone
wouldȱmostȱaptlyȱbeȱusingȱaȱ__________ȱtechnique.
Answer: contentȱanalysis
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ11-12
Skill: Knowledge

5) AȱresearchȱstudyȱthatȱisȱconductedȱearlyȱinȱtheȱlearningȱprocessȱandȱasksȱtheȱȈWhatȈȱquestion
isȱtypicallyȱaȱ(n)ȱ__________ȱstudy.
Answer: exploratory
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ17
Skill: Knowledge

6) Anȱongoingȱprocessȱofȱaccumulatingȱinformationȱisȱ__________ȱresearch.
Answer: empiricalȱsocial
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ22
Skill: Knowledge

7) __________ȱshouldȱbeȱcollectedȱcarefullyȱandȱsystematicallyȱaccordingȱtoȱgenerallyȱaccepted
rulesȱorȱstandards.
Answer: Empiricalȱevidence
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ10
Skill: Knowledge

8) Theȱproductȱofȱresearchȱprocessȱisȱ__________.
Answer: knowledgeȱorȱinformation
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ11
Skill: Comprehension

9) Experimentalȱresearchȱisȱmostȱcloselyȱassociatedȱwithȱ__________ȱdataȱcollectionȱtechniques.
Answer: quantitative
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ11
Skill: Knowledge

10) Contentȱanalysis,ȱsurveysȱandȱexperimentsȱareȱallȱpartȱofȱ__________ȱdataȱcollection
techniques.
Answer: quantitative
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ11
Skill: Knowledge

11) Exploratoryȱresearchȱisȱtypicallyȱconductedȱ__________ȱinȱtheȱlearningȱprocess.
Answer: early
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ17
Skill: Comprehension

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12) __________ȱareȱtheȱprimaryȱconsumersȱofȱbasicȱresearch.
Answer: Researchers
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ19
Skill: Knowledge

13) Researchȱthatȱaddressesȱaȱspecificȱconcern,ȱlikeȱwhyȱsomethingȱcontinuesȱtoȱhappen,ȱis
consideredȱ__________ȱresearch.
Answer: applied
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ18-19
Skill: Knowledge

14) Researchȱisȱanȱongoingȱprocess,ȱbuildingȱonȱ__________.
Answer: past/presentȱresearch
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ21
Skill: Comprehension

15) A(n)ȱ__________ȱisȱaȱsetȱofȱlogicallyȱconnectedȱstatementsȱthatȱstartȱsimpleȱandȱendȱwithȱa
clearȱconclusionȱthatȱpullsȱeverythingȱtogether.
Answer: argument
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ7
Skill: Knowledge

1.5 Essay
1) DiscussȱBasicȱResearchȱvs.ȱAppliedȱresearchȱ- differencesȱandȱsimilarities.
Answer: Basicȱincreasesȱfundamentalȱknowledge,ȱsourceȱofȱmostȱnewȱandȱadvancedȱresearch
techniques,ȱusefulnessȱinȱtheȱfuture.ȱFoundationȱforȱknowledgeȱthatȱadvances
understanding.ȱAppliedȱaddressesȱspecificȱconcern,ȱorȱoffersȱsolutionsȱtoȱaȱproblem.
Researchersȱrarelyȱworryȱaboutȱbuilding,ȱtestingȱorȱconnectingȱfindingsȱtoȱlargerȱtheory.
Mostȱappliedȱresearchȱisȱdescriptiveȱorȱevaluative.
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ18-19
Skill: Comprehension

2) TylerȱJensonȱisȱaȱcasinoȱinvestor.ȱHeȱisȱthinkingȱofȱbuildingȱaȱcasinoȱinȱIowaȱwhereȱthereȱare
severalȱotherȱsuccessfulȱcasinos,ȱbutȱheȱisȱunsureȱaboutȱtheȱlocalȱattitudesȱonȱgambling.ȱHe
wouldȱlikeȱtoȱdoȱaȱlittleȱresearchȱonȱtheȱcommunityȇsȱsocialȱandȱmoralȱattitudesȱtoward
gambling.ȱWhatȱisȱtheȱpurposeȱofȱthisȱresearchȱ(exploring,ȱdescribing,ȱexplaining,ȱevaluating)?
Explainȱyourȱanswer.
Answer: Describing
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ13-14
Skill: Analysis

3) TheȱtextbookȱoffersȱtheȱexamplesȱofȱteenageȱsexȱeducationȱandȱtheȱDAREȱprogramȱas
programsȱthatȱreallyȱhaveȱnotȱdoneȱwhatȱwasȱintendedȱofȱtheȱprograms.ȱCompareȱtheȱtwo
programs,ȱwhatȱdoȱtheyȱhaveȱinȱcommon?ȱWhatȱisȱdifferent?ȱWhatȱtypeȱofȱresearchȱwasȱdone
(descriptive,ȱetc)?
Answer: educationalȱbasedȱprograms,ȱgovernmentȱmoney,ȱproofȱthatȱdidnȇtȱwork
Diff:ȱ3 PageȱRef:ȱ19-20ȱandȱ15
Skill: Comprehension

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4) WhatȱwasȱtheȱpurposeȱofȱincludingȱtheȱD.A.R.E.ȱexampleȱinȱtheȱtextbook?ȱAreȱthereȱlessonsȱto
beȱlearnedȱfromȱtheȱexample?
Answer: evaluationȱresearch
Diff:ȱ3 PageȱRef:ȱ15-17
Skill: Evaluation

5) Dr.ȱWellsȱisȱveryȱinterestedȱinȱtheȱsmokingȱhabitsȱofȱgamblersȱandȱhasȱdecidedȱtoȱdoȱaȱfield
studyȱwhereȱsheȱobservesȱandȱsurveysȱvariousȱgamblersȱoverȱaȱperiodȱofȱtime.ȱWhatȱtypeȱof
dataȱcollectionȱandȱresearchȱtechniqueȱdoȱyouȱthinkȱthatȱsheȱisȱusing?ȱIfȱDr.ȱWellsȱpublishes
herȱstudy,ȱwhatȱtypesȱofȱadditionalȱstudiesȱmightȱbeȱgeneratedȱ(beȱcreative,ȱthinkȱofȱother
studiesȱthatȱmightȱgoȱwellȱwithȱsmokersȱandȱgambling)
Answer: Qualitativeȱdataȱcollectionȱtechnique,ȱethnographicȱfieldȱresearch.ȱOtherȱstudiesȱmight
lookȱatȱgamblersȱwithȱlungȱcancer,ȱsmokersȱwithȱtendenciesȱforȱotherȱaddictions,ȱhigh
riskȱbehavior,ȱbankruptcyȱandȱsmokers,ȱetc.
Diff:ȱ3 PageȱRef:ȱ12
Skill: Application

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2.1 MultipleȱChoice
1) Oneȱofȱtheȱfeaturesȱthatȱaȱresearcherȱshouldȱconsiderȱinȱselectingȱanȱappropriateȱstudyȱtopicȱis
A) whereȱheȱlives. B) hisȱhistory.
C) aggregates. D) costȱofȱobtainingȱtheȱdata.
Answer: C
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ26
Skill: Knowledge

2) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱtopicsȱisȱanȱappropriateȱtopicȱforȱsocialȱresearch?
A) ForȱwhatȱfourȱreasonsȱdoȱfirstȱgradersȱlikeȱreadingȱDr.ȱSeuss?
B) WhyȱdoȱIȱhaveȱaȱheadacheȱeveryȱMondayȱmorning?
C) Whyȱdoȱmyȱneighborsȱdriveȱaȱredȱcar?
D) WhyȱdoesȱDr.ȱMarshȱappearȱtoȱbeȱincompetent?
Answer: A
Diff:ȱ3 PageȱRef:ȱ26
Skill: Application

3) Forȱwhatȱreason(s)ȱwouldȱaȱresearcherȱNOTȱconductȱaȱliteratureȱreview?
A) Itȱprovidesȱexamplesȱofȱresearchȱdesigns,ȱmeasuresȱandȱtechniques.
B) Itȱmayȱstimulateȱcuriosity.
C) Itȱpresentsȱwhatȱisȱknownȱofȱtheȱtopic.
D) Itȱisȱmoreȱfunȱtoȱreadȱthanȱaȱnovel.
Answer: D
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ27
Skill: Comprehension

4) Inductiveȱandȱdeductive
A) areȱtwoȱapproachesȱtoȱreasoningȱinȱaȱstudyȱmethod.
B) cannotȱbeȱusedȱtogether.
C) reasoningȱareȱtheȱsameȱthing.
D) referȱtoȱquantitativeȱresearchȱonly.
Answer: A
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ44
Skill: Knowledge

5) Aȱcausalȱhypothesis
A) hasȱnoȱlinkȱtoȱtimeȱorder.
B) hasȱatȱleastȱtenȱvariables.
C) specifiesȱhowȱtheȱvariablesȱareȱconnected.
D) hasȱaȱnullȱhypothesisȱinvolved.
Answer: C
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ49
Skill: Knowledge

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6) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱmightȱbeȱconsideredȱaȱtypeȱofȱperiodicalȱthatȱaȱresearcherȱmight
considerȱinȱaȱliteratureȱsearch?
A) novels B) peer-reviewedȱscholarlyȱjournal
C) MySpaceȱpage D) myȱpersonalȱblog
Answer: B
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ28
Skill: Comprehension

7) WhichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱisȱNOTȱtrue?ȱScholarlyȱjournals
A) areȱcommonlyȱfoundȱinȱcollegeȱorȱuniversityȱlibraries.
B) haveȱaȱreferenceȱorȱbibliographyȱsectionȱthatȱlistsȱsourcesȱinȱdetail.
C) haveȱpeer-reviewedȱarticlesȱwithinȱthem.
D) areȱnotȱpartȱofȱanyȱindexȱlocationȱsystem.
Answer: D
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ30
Skill: Knowledge

8) Mr.ȱMarshȱisȱstartingȱhisȱliteratureȱreviewȱonȱtheȱtopicȱofȱchildrenȱandȱtoothȱdecay.ȱHeȱhas
foundȱlotsȱandȱlotsȱofȱinformationȱandȱnowȱheȱisȱreallyȱconfusedȱasȱtoȱhisȱnextȱstep.ȱWhatȱdo
youȱthinkȱthatȱheȱshouldȱhaveȱdoneȱfirst?
A) designȱhisȱsearch B) locateȱresearchȱreports
C) doneȱpeerȱreview D) refinedȱtheȱtopic
Answer: D
Diff:ȱ3 PageȱRef:ȱ34
Skill: Application

9) Inȱaȱgroundedȱtheoryȱexplanationȱaȱresearcherȱbuildsȱtheȱexplanationȱby
A) doingȱaȱbackgroundȱcheck.
B) makingȱcomparisons.
C) checkingȱonȱtheȱinternet.
D) findingȱaȱcommonȱelementȱandȱrulingȱitȱout.
Answer: B
Diff:ȱ3 PageȱRef:ȱ53
Skill: Knowledge

10) WhichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱisȱNOTȱaȱpartȱofȱtheȱSixȱStepȱProcessȱofȱLiteratureȱReview?
A) refineȱtheȱtopic
B) readȱbooks
C) designȱyourȱstudy
D) organizeȱnotes,ȱsynthesizeȱandȱwriteȱtheȱreview
Answer: A
Diff:ȱ3 PageȱRef:ȱ34
Skill: Knowledge

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11) Whatȱquestionsȱshouldȱyouȱaskȱwhenȱtakingȱnotesȱwhileȱreadingȱmaterialȱforȱyourȱliterature
review?
A) Howȱmanyȱresearchersȱworkedȱonȱthisȱproject?
B) Whatȱisȱtheȱstudyȇsȱbasicȱdesign?
C) Howȱlongȱdidȱitȱtakeȱtheȱauthorȱtoȱdoȱtheȱresearch?
D) Whichȱofȱtheȱresearchersȱdesignedȱtheȱexperimentȱorȱsurvey?
Answer: B
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ39
Skill: Comprehension

12) WhatȱisȱNOTȱneededȱforȱaȱcausalȱexplanation?
A) timeȱorder B) spuriousness
C) association D) rulingȱoutȱofȱalternativeȱcausalȱfactors
Answer: B
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ55
Skill: Comprehension

13) Whenȱdoesȱaȱresearcherȱfocusȱtheȱresearchȱquestionȱwhenȱhis/herȱresearchȱusesȱquantitative
data?
A) earlyȱinȱtheȱprocess
B) proceedȱslowlyȱandȱfocusȱonȱaȱresearchȱquestionȱafterȱs/heȱgathersȱdata
C) onceȱtheȱresearchȱisȱexactlyȱ25ȱpercentȱcomplete
D) never
Answer: A
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ46
Skill: Comprehension

14) Inȱtheȱcause-effectȱstatementȱtheȱcauseȱvariableȱis
A) theȱindependentȱvariable. B) theȱdependentȱvariable.
C) theȱquantitativeȱvariable. D) theȱqualitativeȱvariable.
Answer: A
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ48
Skill: Knowledge

15) IfȱaȱresearcherȇsȱquestionȱisȱaboutȱreasonsȱforȱanȱincreaseȱinȱtheȱbirthȱrateȱinȱPhoenix,ȱAZ,ȱthen
theȱdependentȱvariableȱis
A) theȱbirthȱrateȱinȱPhoenix. B) theȱreasonȱforȱincrease.
C) theȱnumberȱofȱbabiesȱinȱtheȱworld. D) twins.
Answer: A
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ48
Skill: Application

16) Whatȱquestionȱwillȱhelpȱidentifyȱtheȱindependentȱvariable?
A) Doȱallȱtheȱresearchersȱagreeȱthatȱtheȱvariableȱisȱindependent?
B) Canȱtheȱvariableȱstandȱonȱitsȱown?
C) Doesȱitȱcomeȱearlierȱinȱtime?
D) Howȱmanyȱvariablesȱareȱthere?
Answer: C
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ48
Skill: Comprehension

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17) Spuriousnessȱis
A) theȱdependentȱvariable.
B) theȱindependentȱvariable.
C) anȱillusionaryȱrelationshipȱresultingȱfromȱanȱunacknowledgedȱotherȱvariableȱthatȱisȱa
causeȱofȱbothȱtheȱindependentȱandȱdependentȱvariable.
D) somethingȱthatȱshouldȱbeȱencouragedȱinȱallȱresearch.
Answer: C
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ55
Skill: Knowledge

18) Mr.ȱLoveȱisȱputtingȱtogetherȱaȱreferenceȱlist,ȱbutȱheȱisȱunsureȱofȱexactlyȱwhatȱheȱshouldȱbe
doing.ȱWhichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱareȱappropriate?
A) Heȱshouldȱcreateȱhisȱownȱformatȱstyle.
B) Heȱshouldȱensureȱthatȱheȱisȱusingȱtheȱcorrectȱorderȱofȱreferences.
C) Allȱreferencesȱshouldȱstartȱwithȱcapitalȱlettersȱandȱbeȱinȱreverseȱalphabeticalȱorder.
D) Noȱmoreȱthanȱ10ȱreferencesȱshouldȱeverȱbeȱlisted.
Answer: B
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ42-43
Skill: Application

19) QualitativeȱresearchȱisȱNOT
A) usuallyȱinductive.
B) causal.
C) usuallyȱnumber-related.
D) usedȱtoȱdiscoverȱtheȱmeaningȱofȱaȱsocialȱsetting.
Answer: C
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ52
Skill: Knowledge

20) Researchersȱtestȱhypothesesȱinȱtwoȱways:ȱaȱstraightforwardȱwayȱand
A) byȱusingȱtheȱnullȱhypothesis. B) byȱusingȱdependentȱvariables.
C) byȱusingȱqualitativeȱanalysis. D) byȱtakingȱaȱnonlinearȱpath.
Answer: A
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ50
Skill: Knowledge

21) Whenȱaȱresearcherȱreadsȱaȱscholarlyȱjournal,ȱs/heȱshould
A) ignoreȱanythingȱthatȱmightȱconflictȱwithȱtheȱresearcherȇsȱopinion.
B) onlyȱtakeȱintoȱaccountȱinformationȱpresentedȱinȱtheȱarticle.
C) formȱaȱmentalȱimageȱofȱtheȱarticleȇsȱtopic.
D) readȱtheȱarticleȱonlyȱonce.
Answer: C
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ39
Skill: Knowledge

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22) WhichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱisȱNOTȱtrueȱforȱquantitativeȱresearch?
A) approachȱisȱdeductive
B) pathȱisȱlinear
C) Ideasȱareȱexpressedȱinȱtheȱformȱofȱdistrictȱvariables.
D) Dataȱisȱinȱtheȱformȱofȱwordsȱandȱimages.
Answer: D
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ52
Skill: Knowledge

23) Practicalȱlimitationsȱonȱstudyȱdesignȱinclude
A) havingȱtooȱmanyȱresearchȱsubjects. B) ethicalȱconcerns.
C) lackȱofȱpersonalȱinterest. D) Noneȱofȱtheȱabove
Answer: B
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ47
Skill: Knowledge

24) Theȱunitȱofȱanalysis
A) mayȱchangeȱduringȱtheȱresearchȱprocess.
B) hasȱnoȱmeaningȱinȱquantitativeȱresearch.
C) isȱtheȱsameȱasȱtheȱlevelȱofȱanalysis.
D) isȱtheȱunitȱonȱwhichȱaȱresearcherȱmeasuresȱvariablesȱandȱgathersȱdata.
Answer: D
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ54
Skill: Knowledge

25) Microȱlevelȱandȱmacroȱlevelȱareȱtermsȱusedȱin
A) levelȱofȱanalysis. B) termsȱofȱendearment.
C) microscopy. D) hypotheses.
Answer: A
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ55
Skill: Knowledge

2.2 True/False
1) Aȱtopicȱthatȱisȱappropriateȱforȱsocialȱresearchȱgeneralizesȱsocialȱpatternsȱthatȱoperateȱin
aggregatesȱandȱareȱempiricallyȱobservable.
Answer: TRUE
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ26
Skill: Knowledge

2) Mr.ȱMarshȱisȱconductingȱaȱresearchȱstudyȱthatȱheȱdescribesȱasȱaȱquantitativeȱstudyȱthat
describesȱhistoricalȱeventsȱinȱaȱtimeȱline.ȱIsȱhisȱstatementȱthatȱthisȱresearchȱisȱquantitativeȱin
natureȱmostȱaptlyȱtrueȱorȱfalse?
Answer: FALSE
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ52
Skill: Application

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3) Governmentȱdocumentsȱareȱveryȱrareȱ(oftenȱprotectedȱbyȱHomelandȱSecurityȱrules),ȱandȱare
typicallyȱnotȱaȱsourceȱthatȱaȱresearcherȱwouldȱuseȱinȱaȱliteratureȱreview.
Answer: FALSE
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ32
Skill: Evaluation

4) Scholarlyȱjournalsȱtypicallyȱdoȱnotȱrequireȱpeerȱreviewȱbeforeȱpublishingȱresearch.
Answer: FALSE
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ30
Skill: Knowledge

5) Synthesizingȱandȱwritingȱtheȱliteratureȱreviewȱisȱtheȱfirstȱandȱeasiestȱstepȱofȱtheȱliterature
reviewȱprocess
Answer: FALSE
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ41
Skill: Knowledge

6) Unitsȱofȱanalysisȱareȱnotȱcriticalȱforȱthinkingȱthroughȱaȱresearchȱstudy.
Answer: FALSE
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ54
Skill: Knowledge

7) AnȱindependentȱvariableȱisȱtheȱȈcauseȈȱinȱaȱcause-effectȱstudy.
Answer: TRUE
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ53
Skill: Comprehension

8) Groundedȱtheoryȱhasȱnothingȱtoȱdoȱwithȱelectricityȱandȱgroundingȱcircuits.
Answer: TRUE
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ53
Skill: Knowledge

9) Qualitativeȱresearchersȱusuallyȱexamineȱcasesȱandȱcontextsȱwhileȱquantitativeȱresearchers
usuallyȱlookȱatȱvariables.
Answer: TRUE
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ51
Skill: Knowledge

10) Aȱstudyȱthatȱisȱdeductiveȱstartsȱwithȱevidenceȱandȱthenȱslowlyȱbuildsȱtowardȱgeneralizations
orȱsummaryȱideas.
Answer: FALSE
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ44
Skill: Comprehension

2.3 ShortȱAnswer
1) Defineȱaggregatesȱinȱtheȱcontextȱofȱchoosingȱaȱresearchȱtopic.
Answer: collectionȱofȱpeopleȱorȱunits
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ26
Skill: Knowledge

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2) Dr.ȱMarshȱhasȱdecidedȱthatȱheȱwouldȱlikeȱtoȱstudyȱhowȱmuchȱtimeȱheȱwastesȱeveryȱday.ȱIsȱhis
researchȱtopicȱacceptable?ȱWhyȱorȱwhyȱnot?
Answer: No,ȱitȱisȱaȱsingleȱcase,ȱnotȱanȱaggregate.
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ26
Skill: Application

3) Explainȱempiricallyȱobservableȱ- whatȱdoesȱitȱmean?
Answer: detectȱitȱandȱobserveȱitȱusingȱourȱsenses
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ26
Skill: Knowledge

4) Listȱtheȱtwoȱofȱtheȱfiveȱcharacteristicsȱofȱaȱcausalȱhypothesis.
Answer: atȱleastȱ2ȱvariables,ȱspecifiesȱhowȱtheȱvariablesȱareȱconnected,ȱincludeȱaȱtimeȱorder
assumption,ȱcanȱbeȱrestatedȱasȱaȱpredictionȱorȱexpectedȱfinding,ȱcanȱshowȱthatȱitȱis
supportedȱorȱfalseȱwithȱempiricalȱdata.
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ49
Skill: Knowledge

5) Giveȱtwoȱreasonsȱwhyȱaȱresearcherȱconductsȱaȱliteratureȱreview.
Answer: narrowȱfocus,ȱexamplesȱofȱdesigns,ȱwhatȱisȱknownȱonȱtheȱtopic,ȱexamplesȱofȱresearch
reports,ȱimproveȱwritingȱskills,ȱstimulateȱcreativity
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ27
Skill: Knowledge

6) Nameȱ3ȱsourcesȱforȱresearchȱliteratureȱreviews,ȱandȱtheirȱuse.
Answer: periodicalsȱ(goodȱstartȱforȱprocess),ȱbooks,ȱgovernmentȱdocs,ȱPhDȱdissertations,ȱpolicy
reports
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ27-29
Skill: Comprehension

7) Inȱaȱshortȱparagraph,ȱdescribeȱanȱinterveningȱvariable.
Answer: appearsȱinȱcomplexȱrelations,ȱlinkȱbetweenȱtheȱindependentȱandȱdependentȱvariable
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ48
Skill: Comprehension

8) Whatȱisȱaȱvariableȱinȱquantitativeȱresearch?ȱGiveȱanȱexample.
Answer: aȱconceptȱthatȱvaries
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ48
Skill: Synthesis

9) Listȱtwoȱquestionsȱthatȱhelpȱidentifyȱtheȱindependentȱvariable.
Answer: Doesȱitȱhaveȱanȱimpactȱonȱanotherȱvariable?ȱDoesȱitȱcomeȱearlierȱinȱtime?
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ48
Skill: Comprehension

10) Whatȱisȱtheȱdifferenceȱbetweenȱaȱlinearȱpathȱorȱnonlinearȱpathȱinȱresearch?
Answer: quantitativeȱdataȱ-ȱusuallyȱlinear,ȱfixedȱsetȱofȱstepsȱinȱoneȱdirectionȱqualitativeȱdataȱ-
nonlinear,ȱusuallyȱmovesȱsidewaysȱbeforeȱmovingȱforward,ȱretracesȱsteps
Diff:ȱ3 PageȱRef:ȱ47
Skill: Comprehension

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2.4 FillȱinȱtheȱBlank
1) __________ȱisȱaȱtopicȱthatȱhasȱregularityȱorȱsomeȱkindȱofȱformȱthatȱdescribesȱinterconnections.
Answer: Socialȱpattern
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ26
Skill: Comprehension

2) Mostȱresearchȱstudiesȱareȱreportedȱinȱ__________ȱjournals.
Answer: scholarly
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ35
Skill: Knowledge

3) Whenȱtwoȱvariablesȱappearȱtoȱbeȱcausallyȱconnectedȱbutȱinȱreality,ȱtheyȱareȱnotȱbecauseȱan
unseenȱthirdȱfactorȱisȱtheȱtrueȱcause,ȱthisȱisȱcalledȱ__________.
Answer: spuriousness
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ55
Skill: Comprehension

4) Usingȱ__________ȱdata,ȱaȱresearcherȱrearranges,ȱexaminesȱandȱdiscussesȱnumbersȱbyȱusing
charts,ȱtablesȱandȱstatisticsȱtoȱseeȱpatterns.
Answer: quantitative
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ51
Skill: Knowledge

5) __________ȱtypesȱofȱresearchȱareȱmoreȱlikelyȱtoȱappearȱinȱaȱbookȱformatȱbecauseȱtheyȱareȱthe
resultsȱofȱlongȱcomplexȱstudies.
Answer: Qualitative
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ32
Skill: Comprehension

6) __________ȱisȱusuallyȱtheȱfirstȱstepȱinȱtheȱSixȱStepȱProcessȱforȱconductingȱaȱliteratureȱreview.
Answer: Refiningȱtheȱtopic
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ34
Skill: Knowledge

7) Theȱ__________ȱisȱtheȱlevelȱofȱrealityȱthatȱaȱresearcherȱexamines.
Answer: levelȱofȱanalysis
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ54
Skill: Knowledge

8) Aȱ__________ȱstudyȱstartsȱwithȱaȱsummaryȱideaȱorȱanȱȈeducatedȱguessȈȱofȱwhatȱaȱresearcher
thinksȱmightȱoccurȱandȱthenȱmovesȱtowardȱspecific,ȱobservableȱevidenceȱtoȱtestȱorȱverifyȱthe
ideas.
Answer: deductive
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ44
Skill: Knowledge

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9) Aȱcauseȱvariableȱisȱtheȱindependentȱvariable,ȱandȱtheȱresultȱeffectȱvariableȱisȱaȱdependent
variable.ȱAȱthirdȱtypeȱofȱvariable,ȱ__________,ȱappearsȱinȱcomplexȱrelationsȱandȱshowsȱaȱlink
betweenȱtheȱindependentȱandȱdependentȱvariables.
Answer: interveningȱvariable
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ48
Skill: Knowledge

10) Aȱ__________ȱisȱtypicallyȱcausalȱinȱnatureȱwhenȱusedȱinȱquantitativeȱresearch.
Answer: theory
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ52
Skill: Knowledge

11) A(n)ȱ__________ȱisȱaȱtentativeȱstatementȱofȱaȱrelationshipȱbetweenȱtwoȱvariables.
Answer: hypothesis
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ49
Skill: Knowledge

12) Ifȱtwoȱvariablesȱhaveȱnoȱinfluenceȱoverȱeachȱotherȱandȱthereȱisȱnotȱrelationshipȱbetweenȱthe
twoȱvariables,ȱthisȱisȱcalledȱaȱ__________ȱhypothesis.
Answer: null
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ50
Skill: Knowledge

13) Inȱgeneral,ȱwithȱquantitativeȱdataȱaȱresearcherȱfollowsȱaȱ__________ȱpath.
Answer: linear
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ47
Skill: Comprehension

14) __________ȱresearchȇsȱmainȱgoalȱisȱtoȱtestȱtheȱhypothesisȱthatȱtheȱresearcherȱstartedȱwith.
Answer: Quantitative
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ52
Skill: Knowledge

15) Theȱ__________ȱisȱtheȱunitȱonȱwhichȱtheȱresearcherȱmeasuresȱvariablesȱandȱgathersȱdata.
Answer: unitȱofȱanalysis
Diff:ȱ1 PageȱRef:ȱ54
Skill: Comprehension

2.5 Essay
1) Dr.ȱVanȱOfferȱasksȱyouȱtoȱdoȱaȱliteratureȱsearchȱonȱaȱtopicȱthatȱheȱisȱconsideringȱforȱaȱresearch
study.ȱHeȱisȱespeciallyȱinterestedȱinȱresearchȱthatȱhasȱbeenȱconductedȱrecentlyȱbyȱPhD
candidates.ȱWhatȱtypesȱofȱdocumentsȱwouldȱyouȱlookȱfor?ȱWhereȱwouldȱyouȱlookȱforȱthem?
Answer: Primarilyȱdissertationsȱfoundȱinȱuniversityȱlibrary.ȱDiscussȱwithȱlibrarianȱasȱtoȱother
avenuesȱofȱsearch.
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ32
Skill: Application

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2) DiscussȱpeerȱreviewȱandȱȈblindȱreviewȈȱprocess.
Answer: Reviewerȱdoesȱnotȱknowȱtheȱidentityȱofȱpeerȱreviewersȱwhoȱevaluateȱtheȱmanuscript
andȱreviewersȱdoȱnotȱknowȱwhoȱconductedȱtheȱstudy.ȱPersonalȱrelationshipsȱdonȇt
impactȱtheȱreviewȱofȱtheȱmanuscripts.
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ30
Skill: Comprehension

3) Dr.ȱVanȱOfferȱisȱaȱmedicalȱresearcherȱandȱisȱveryȱinterestedȱinȱwhichȱofȱtwoȱnewȱdrugsȱis
betterȱinȱtreatingȱhighȱbloodȱpressure.ȱHeȱasksȱ60ȱmenȱwithȱhighȱbloodȱpressureȱtoȱjoinȱthe
experimentȱandȱthenȱheȱassignsȱeachȱtoȱaȱgroupȱofȱ30.ȱHeȱgivesȱoneȱgroupȱtheȱfirstȱdrugȱand
theȱotherȱgroupȱtheȱotherȱdrug.ȱWhatȱisȱtheȱindependentȱvariableȱandȱwhatȱisȱtheȱdependent
variableȱinȱthisȱstudy?ȱWhy?
Answer: Drugȱisȱindependentȱ(itȱisȱbeingȱmanipulated);ȱbloodȱpressureȱisȱtheȱvariableȱthatȱis
influencedȱbyȱtheȱdrugȱtakenȱandȱisȱtheȱdependentȱvariable.
Diff:ȱ3 PageȱRef:ȱ53
Skill: Application

4) Whatȱisȱaȱjournalȱabstractȱandȱwhatȱdoesȱitȱinclude?
Answer: aȱsummaryȱofȱtheȱmanuscriptȱandȱincludesȱtopic,ȱresearchȱquestion,ȱmethodȱand
findings
Diff:ȱ2 PageȱRef:ȱ31
Skill: Comprehension

5) Discussȱtheȱ8ȱquestionsȱfoundȱinȱdevelopingȱaȱresearchȱproposalȱ - whatȱareȱtheyȱandȱwhatȱis
eachȇsȱrelevanceȱtoȱtheȱproposal?
Answer: Whenȱtoȱfocusȱtheȱresearchȱquestion?
Whatȱuniverseȱcanȱbeȱgeneralized?
Whatȱtypeȱofȱresearchȱpath?
Whatȱisȱexamined?
Whatȱpatternsȱareȱinȱtheȱdata?
Whatȱtypeȱofȱexplanation?
Whatȱisȱtheȱlevelȱofȱanalysis?
Whatȱareȱtheȱunitsȱofȱanalysis?
Diff:ȱ3 PageȱRef:ȱ46-56
Skill: Comprehension

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