Welcome to Australia.

Aborigines in Australia
1. Watch the introductory video about Australia and answer the questions:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WBTRwP_YiAI
1. Where is Australia situated? Australia is situated in the southern hemisphere, between the
Pacific and Indian Oceans.
2. What is Australia washed by? Australia is washed by the Pacific Ocean to the east and the
Indian Ocean to the west and south.
3. What is the climate like? Australia especially the center has an orange colour. That's because
most of Australia is desert its average temperature during the summer is 30 degrees Celsius
and 15 degrees Celsius during the winter. The temperatures are so high compared to for
instance zero because first it's closer to the equator and because the air is drier.
4. What is the population of Australia? around 23.8 million people
5. Is Australia a densely populated country? No, Australia is not considered a densely populated
country. It has a relatively low population density, with most of the population concentrated in
urban areas along the eastern and southeastern coasts.
6. Where did people migrate from? People migrated to Australia from various parts of the world,
including Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Pacific Islands.
7. When and where did the first people come from? The first people to come to Australia are
believed to have arrived around 40-70,000 years ago from Southeast Asia.
8. What did the first people do for a living? The first people in Australia were hunter-gatherers and
lived off the land, hunting animals and gathering food from the environment.
9. What is Dreamtime? Dreamtime is a term used by some Aboriginal Australians to refer to the
creation stories and spiritual beliefs that explain the origins of the world and its inhabitants.
10. Who was Willem Janszoon? The first European to discover the Australian coast when traveling
from today's Jakarta over to New Guinea.
11. Who was James Cook? James Cook was a British explorer who claimed Australia's East Coast
for Britain.
12. What was the first British colony? The first British colony was set up in 1788 in New South
Wales in a Bay and Sydney.
13. Who were the first British settlers in Australia? The first British settlers in Australia were
convicts and their guards, who were sent from Britain to establish a penal colony.
14. What did the aboriginal tribes and the British settlers fight for in 1795-1816? From 1795 to 1816,
the aboriginal tribes and the British settlers fought over land and resources. The aboriginals
were defending their land and way of life, while the British settlers were trying to expand their
colony and control the land.
15. What was the smallpox influence on the war outcome? Smallpox had a devastating impact on the
Aboriginal population and contributed to the outcome of the war, as the disease killed many
Aboriginal people and weakened their resistance to British colonization.
16. What triggered the second wave of immigration in 1851? The second wave of immigration to
Australia was triggered by the discovery of gold in 1851, which attracted many people from
around the world.
17. Why did people come to Australia after the WW II? After the Second World War people from
countries like Germany Great Britain or Scandinavia came to flee from the destroyed
countries to start a new life.
18. What is the Stolen generation? The Stolen generation refers to the forced removal of Aboriginal
children from their families by the Australian government, which took place between 1910 and
1970. Many children were taken from their families without warning, and were not given the
opportunity to say goodbye. They were often subjected to physical and emotional abuse, and
were forbidden from speaking their own language and practicing their own culture.
19. What is the Aborigines Protection Act? The Aborigines Protection Act was a piece of legislation
passed by the New South Wales government that gave the government broad powers to control
 the lives of Aboriginal people in the state. The Act was part of a broader policy of assimilation,
which aimed to force Aboriginal people to abandon their traditional ways of life and assimilate
into white Australian society. The Act was deeply discriminatory and racist, and was based on
the premise that Aboriginal people were inferior and needed to be "protected" from
themselves. The Act also reflected the prevailing view at the time that Aboriginal people were a
dying race, and that their cultural practices and traditions were of no value.
20. What is the 26-th of May? The 26th of May is celebrated as National Sorry Day in Australia,
which is a day to acknowledge and express regret for the mistreatment and trauma
experienced by the Aboriginal as a result of the Stolen Generation policies.

2. Watch the video about Australian aborigines and answer the questions: https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=mXXlUMz6sME –

1. What is a didgeridoo? A didgeridoo is a wind instrument that originates from the Indigenous
people of Australia. The didgeridoo is often played as part of traditional Indigenous and
religious ceremonies.
2. What do songs mean for the aborigines? At twilight, the humming of the didgeridoo, their
religious instrument, reminds them who they are and what they are doing here. It is the beat of
their tradition, which keeps them united and attached to the land.
3. Why are the caves important for the aborigines? Caves are important for the Aborigines because
they hold great cultural and spiritual significance for their communities. Many caves and rock
shelters are believed to be sacred sites, and are associated with creation stories, and important
cultural ceremonies. Caves and rock shelters also provide valuable shelter and resources for
Aboriginal communities. The knowledge and skills required to survive in these environments
have been passed down through generations, and are an important part of Aboriginal cultural
heritage.
4. What do the drawings in the caves depict? Across all our territory you can find paintings made
by forefathers, and which speak of the "Dreamtime", the creation, and how they lived 50,000
years ago. The images are often highly detailed and intricate, and were created using a variety
of techniques, including painting, engraving, and pecking. The meaning and purpose of rock
art is not always clear, as it often reflects the spiritual and cultural beliefs of the people who
created it.
5. Do you believe the art and culture of the Aborigines is primitive? The art and culture of the
Aborigines is not primitive. The cultural traditions of the Aboriginal people are rich, diverse,
and highly complex, with a deep connection to the land and the natural world. Their cultural
practices and traditions have been developed over tens of thousands of years, and reflect a
deep understanding of the environment and the natural cycles of life. The art and culture of
the Aborigines are valued by many people around the world for their beauty, creativity, and
spiritual depth.

3. Watch the video about STOLEN GENERATION. Express your opinion on the government policy as for
the aborigines’ kids? What is the social and personal effect of such a policy?

It must have had devastating social and personal effects on the children and their families.
Many children were taken from their families without warning or explanation, and were not told why
they were being taken or where they were going. The trauma of being forcibly removed from their
families and communities must have caused long-term psychological and emotional harm, including
depression, anxiety, and a sense of dislocation and loss of identity. Many children were also subjected
to physical abuse in the institutions where they were placed.
The policy also had significant social effects, including the destruction of families and
communities, the loss of cultural knowledge and identity, and the disruption of intergenerational
relationships. Many Aboriginal families were unable to pass on cultural traditions, language, and
values to their children, leading to a loss of connection to their heritage and history.
 The Stolen Generations policy has had a lasting impact on the Aboriginal people, and
continues to be a significant issue in Australia today.

https://www.google.com/search?
q=stolen+generation&biw=1536&bih=714&tbm=vid&sxsrf=AJOqlzWGKL17omLbMqBjrLt_YtIO0Kjc4w
%3A1677817120192&ei=IHUBZK63C46asAeMoZygBw&ved=0ahUKEwiux8nr8779AhUODewKHYwQ
B3QQ4dUDCA0&uact=5&oq=stolen+generation&gs_lcp=Cg1nd3Mtd2l6LXZpZGVvEAMyBwgAEIAEE
BMyBwgAEIAEEBMyBwgAEIAEEBMyBwgAEIAEEBMyCAgAEBYQHhATOgQIIxAnOgsIABCABBC
xAxCDAToICAAQgAQQsQM6BQgAEIAEOgQIABBDOggIABCxAxCDAToICAAQgAQQywE6CggAEI
AEEAoQywFQAFjnV2DBW2gAcAB4AIABogKIAc0QkgEGMy4xMy4xmAEAoAEBwAEB&sclient=gws
-wiz-video#fpstate=ive&vld=cid:e0ab9d5c,vid:wikX7V3nXDE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aDuxRddyZQY&list=RDLVwikX7V3nXDE&index=3

4. What have you learned from the videos about the stereotypes of the white Australians of the
aborigines?

Stereotypes can take many forms and shapes. Some of the more common ones say that
Aboriginal people… 
 are primitive and nomadic,
 lack complex laws and social organisation,
 are drunks,
 are violent,
 live in the outback,
 are un-educated no-hopers,
 are involved in too much crime,
 receive too much from welfare,
 get more than the whites,
 eat the wrong foods ,
 don’t have a religion, have sinned and need to pray for forgiveness,
 don’t use the land they get for free,
 do not want to work and are lazy,
 must fit the image of a dark-skinned, wide-nosed person (i.e. a ‘full-blood’),
 live a traditional tribal/ancient lifestyle,
Retrived from: https://www.creativespirits.info/aboriginalculture/people/stereotypes-prejudice-of-aboriginal-australia

5. Watch the video to learn more:

https://www.creativespirits.info/aboriginalculture/people/stereotypes-prejudice-of-aboriginal-australia

welfare benefits Grace Jones – a singer

Boong – pug – a breed of dogs
nerd of Buffy - fan of Buffy

I strongly believe that stereotypes of any group of people can be harmful and often do not
reflect the complexity and diversity of individuals within that group. The stereotypes of Aboriginals
held by some white Australians are often negative and can perpetuate prejudice and discrimination.
Some of the stereotypes of Aboriginal people held by some white Australians include ideas that
they are lazy, alcoholics, or prone to criminal behavior. These stereotypes are not true and are based
on misinformation and prejudice. It is important to recognize the harmful effects of stereotypes and to
challenge them with accurate information and understanding.
 Info about the 26-th of May (in Australia)

National Sorry Day is a day of great significance in Australia. It is a day that serves to acknowledge
and recognize the historical mistreatment and trauma experienced by Aboriginal people as a result of the
forced removal policies of the Australian government. This policy of forced removal, which led to the Stolen
Generations, has had a profound and lasting impact on the Aboriginal people of Australia, as well as on the
country as a whole.
National Sorry Day has its origins in the Bringing Them Home Report, which was published in 1997
and documented the experiences of the Stolen Generations. The report recommended that the Australian
government apologize for the harm caused by the policy of forced removal.
National Sorry Day is a day of remembrance, reflection, and reconciliation. It is an opportunity for
all Australians to acknowledge the trauma and pain caused by the Stolen Generations and to work towards a
more just and equitable future. The day is marked by a range of events and activities, including ceremonies,
cultural performances, and the lighting of candles.
In conclusion, National Sorry Day is an important day in Australia's history and serves as a reminder
of the harm that has been caused to Aboriginal people as a result of the policy of forced removal. It is a day
of remembrance, reflection, and reconciliation, and an opportunity for all Australians to work towards a
better future for everyone.

Info about one outstanding Aborigine's case

Eddie Mabo, which had a major impact on land rights for Aboriginal Australians.
Mabo and his supporters argued that Aboriginal people had owned and occupied the land for
thousands of years before the arrival of the British, and that their rights to their traditional lands had never
been extinguished. The case went all the way to the High Court of Australia, which ruled in 1992 that the
doctrine of terra nullius was invalid and that Aboriginal people had native title rights to their traditional
lands.
The Mabo decision was a landmark ruling that had major implications for Indigenous land rights in
Australia. It paved the way for the Native Title Act of 1993, which established a process for Aboriginal
people to claim their native title rights to their traditional lands. The decision was also significant in that it
recognised the ongoing connection of Aboriginal people to their lands and the need for greater recognition,
reconciliation, and healing.
Eddie Mabo is remembered as an important figure in the struggle for Aboriginal rights and
recognition, and his legacy has inspired many others to continue the fight for justice and equality for
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in Australia.