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Sediment Yield Modeling and Evaluation of Best Management Practices Using the SWAT Model of the Daketa Watershed, Ethiopia

September 2022 · Water Conservation Science and Engineering 7(1)

DOI:10.1007/s41101-022-00142-3
Authors:

Bogale Gebremariam Diress Tenagashaw

Shame Mohammed Hassen
Arba Minch University Debre Tabor University

To read the full-text of this research, you can request a copy directly from the authors.

Citations (1) References (15) Figures (7)

Abstract and Figures

High soil erosion rates, sediment transport, and loss of agricultural nutrients have been
caused by poor land-use practices and management systems. This study mainly focuses Discover the world's
research
on sediment yield modeling and evaluation of best management practices of the Daketa
sub-basin using the SWAT model. Calibration and validation were done using the Soil and
25+ million
Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model in Daketa sub-basin. The coefficient of members
determination (R²), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (ENS), and percent bias (PBIAS)
were used to evaluate the model performance. During the calibration and validation, 160+ million
monthly sediment yield R² values of 0.80 and 0.85, ENS values of 0.74 and 0.81, and PBIAS publication
values of 0.0829 and 0.124 were obtained. The mean annual sediment yield of the Daketa pages
watershed is 14.43 t/ha/year. Basin management scenarios were applied to reduce 2.3+ billion Join for free
sediment production in the sub-basins. Four scenarios were developed such as (i) citations
baseline, (ii) 5 and 10 m wide filter strip, (iii) waterway grass, and (iv) terraces to select the
best management practices in the basin. The result shows that grassy waterway reduces
sediment yield with an efficiency of 74.6% relative to the baseline scenario. Generally, the
results indicated that grass waterways have a high potential for reducing the volume and
velocity of runoff, sediments, and agrochemicals from agricultural catchments.

+2

Location map of Sediment rating Spatial Sediment yield Sediment yield

the study area curve of Daketa… distribution of… calibration at… validation graph

Figures - available from: Water Conservation Science and Engineering

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Water Conservation Science and Engineering (2022) 7:283–292

https://doi.org/10.1007/s41101-022-00142-3

ORIGINAL PAPER
 Sediment Yield Modeling
Read publisher preview andEvaluation
Download citation ofBest Management
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Practices Using theSWAT Model oftheDaketa Watershed, Ethiopia
ShameMohammedHassen1· BogaleGebremariam2· DiressYigezuTenagashaw3

Received: 24 March 2022 / Revised: 15 April 2022 / Accepted: 30 April 2022 / Published online: 13 May 2022
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022

Abstract
High soil erosion rates, sediment transport, and loss of agricultural nutrients have been caused by poor land-use practices an
management systems. This study mainly focuses on sediment yield modeling and evaluation of best management practice
of the Daketa sub-basin using the SWAT model. Calibration and validation were done using the Soil and Water Assess
ment Tool (SWAT) model in Daketa sub-basin. The coefficient of determination (R2), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficien
(ENS), and percent bias (PBIAS) were used to evaluate the model performance. During the calibration and validation
monthly sediment yield R2 values of 0.80 and 0.85, ENS values of 0.74 and 0.81, and PBIAS values of 0.0829 and 0.12
were obtained. The mean annual sediment yield of the Daketa watershed is 14.43 t/ha/year. Basin management scenario
were applied to reduce sediment production in the sub-basins. Four scenarios were developed such as (i) baseline, (ii) 5 and
10m wide filter strip, (iii) waterway grass, and (iv) terraces to select the best management practices in the basin. The resul
shows that grassy waterway reduces sediment yield with an efficiency of 74.6% relative to the baseline scenario. Generally
the results indicated that grass waterways have a high potential for reducing the volume and velocity of runoff, sediments
and agrochemicals from agricultural catchments.

Keywords Soil erosion· SWAT model· Sediment yield· Best management

Introduction found to be leading to an irreversible loss in productivity

Background
Soil degradation by water is the most serious problem in
Ethiopia. This is due to its rugged terrain and global climatic
anomalies. Land degradation is a global environmental cri-
sis, threatening agricultural areas at an alarming rate [15].
Land degradation occurs when natural or human-induced
processes decrease the ability of the land to support crops,
livestock, and organisms. One type of land degradation is
soil erosion. Moreover, the current rate of agricultural land
degradation worldwide by soil erosion and other factors was
* Diress Yigezu Tenagashaw
diresy928@gmail.com
1
East Harerghe Zone Irrigation Development Bureau,
AddisAbaba,Oromia, Ethiopia
2
Department ofHydraulic andWater Resource Engineering,
Arba Minch University, ArbaMinch, Ethiopia
3
Department ofHydraulic andWater Resource Engineering,
Debre Tabor University, DebreTabor, Ethiopia
ranging from 6 to 10 million hectares of fertile land per yea
[14]. Soil erosion is a serious global issue because of it
severe adverse economic and environmental impacts. Eco
nomic impacts on productivity may be due to direct effect
on crops/plants both on-site and off-site [5].
Erosion in all its forms involves the dislodgement of soi
particles, their removal, and eventual deposition away from
the original position. Susceptibility to erosion and the rate a
which it occurs depends on land use, geology, geomorphol
ogy, climate, soil texture, soil structure, and the nature and
density of vegetation in the area [12]. On the other hand
Hurni [9] estimated that soil loss due to erosion of cultivated
fields in Ethiopia amounts to about 42 t/ha/year and from
unproductive land 70 t/ha/year. These all indicate the need
for the application of soil and water conservation practice
to save the soil for future natural resources.
Sediment yield is one measure of geomorphic activity tha
results from soil erosion and processes of sediment accumu
lation, so it depends on variables that control water and sedi
ment discharge to rivers. It is some part of the eroded material
left over and deposited as alluvial along river channels and

13
Vol.:(0123456789)

Content courtesy of Springer Nature, terms of use apply. Rights reserved.

Citations (1) References (15)

... They were chosen because they are widely used in the literature and are frequently used to interpolate bathymetric
data in different aquatic systems (Steenhuis 2016).Validation for each spatial interpolation method was conducted
using the crossvalidation technique, a popular statistical technique used to evaluate interpolation methods (Maina et al.
2019;Ramos-Diez et al. 2017). Validation was performed on each dataset using a training dataset (80%) and test
dataset (20%) of each dataset population and the best interpolation method was selected with low root mean square
 error and high correlation coefficient (Hassen et al. 2022 ). In addition to the above evaluation methods, coefficient of
Read publisher preview(R 2 ) value is used
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the performance of theCopy link on the spatial interpolation techniques. ...
methods

Evaluation of reservoir sedimentation using bathymetry survey: a case study on Adebra night storage reservoir, Ethiopia

Article Full-text available

Nov 2022
Yitbarek Andualem Mekonnen · Tamene Dagnaw Mengistu · Asimamaw Nigusie Asitatikie · Yilikal Wondimu Kumilachew

View Show abstract

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