Brain Parts

⼀ pocessidg
訂 morion

堞 。
|

Recogmizing
integralion of
Objecrs emorions

Neuronsi primary
processors of signals
neural

0
similar to somaric cells

L, but
diversiry of formslmouphology
↑

i
by diff
)s contribured dendvies
;
.

,
bioelectrica

specializarions fo intercellular communicalion

.

→
mecieve
signalsfrom othr heurons
*
Dendrires

↑↑ ERs & mitochondria

'
→
。
, 0

I
b ,
spines increasesurface

generG⻜努 area
)
aclion porential lelectvicity
a
flow of info
diffev in
length a
wheve 于 ↑
sigmals
← 化 locaes
(, absence of spines
⽜ imhisirs om cells they make commelion

→ release neurotramsuiates
 Input & Output

Conducting Zone

.
Efferent :

signals come owt

of central nervous
system
b axon 5 info goes away

Afferent central
signals go
in nervous
system
. :

4 dendrite t
info comes in

σ
统⼀束
七-fferen
Brain

Afferenr

Vascular Endothelium provides forthe

supply of
; blood to brain tissae

( provides
gray
e white matter wl nutrient
Neuroglia :

suppore electrical & chemical funcrions of neurons

1 .

supporr metabolic &

sigmaling funclions

2 , neuvon circur formarion &

synaptic plasviciny
3 , mnke myelin

4 .
blood brainbavrie

5 ,

inflammalory vesponse in
injuved nearal tissne

6 .
formalion of scar tissue

type
1 .

Astrocyte
P

1
in matter
gray

京
⑤

maintain ionic balane

of extiacollularfluids

pocessneurotransmirlers
③
,

G assisr formnlion of synapse

& civcnl

⑤
form blood -brainbarrie

⑥
help form scar tissue

2 .

Oligodendroyte

hipgf
huausmrgiaor

brnntaitMij
suismiro

"
G Schwamn cells make
myelin in
body )
③
myelin
5
help send signals alongaxon !
③
nas
pin frasifinoninsinfnn
Hsome are
subjeortoimmunological atlacks

of conducling signals
lossinefficiency in
4

axons
 D
↓
leakiness
↓
myelin deveasofmombrnne
-
t
"

Nodes of "

Ranvier
ions
efficienly
fpump
Cell
3 .

Microglial
0

1
type of mononudear
phagocyte
③ derive from hematopoieric cell that
migrales
to brain

粱
③
Ramified form ( dormant form)

④
Amoeboid Form

3 activated
microglial secrete
signaling
molecules
loytokines)
cetinjury
"

happens . .
modulale local
isflammatory response

sevvesasa
macrophage
④

in Cos
4 .
Glial stem Cell

immature cells
D
specialized nenroglial Existingneurons
② near rentvicles & blood vessels New heurons

has
③
properries of somalic stem cells Glial stem Cell
Blood Vessel
aproliferalion
.
self -
renewal

.
can make all cells of a risshe

5 .

Oligodendrocyte Precursr

D
in white mallr

0
mainly give rise to
oligodendrocyte
☆ Blood Brain Barrier
D excludes
large watev soluable

molecules & toxic compounds into COS

③ inhibils some pharmaceuricul ageuts

囨
seal
spaces between
of
overlaping regions
ondithdialall & itscapillary
 )
Brain Orientation
precentva
、 的
vus
superiontrontal
lobe

88
-
…
i
$
" 「
central
" "

bqnd}
……
smioddle
^ "
Medial

Posterior Lateral

I
→
_

… lCauda)
( Rostral) inferior

suitan
ggrus
vietallobule
lateral

occipitalobkllongerinlefr
fissuv
Xinfeviov
hemi spherelocessinglangaage )

Midsagietal Plane

iniin
i

"
"
…i ^

"
"

pnoai
(
m mn
…考⼀⼚州
$

mmi,'眾感
訂 — → Ceitw的l

A
"
Sulcus

(* I
"
Lonneus parieto
(3
olundary of&the
Parietal lobe occipita) Yobse)

" Lacnritoniteeningrn
-
occipitalsulcus

Cowp
—
medial surfae of occi lobe
11
,

" osam
( mhite matter}
sprni

" 、 瀆喲

☆ Gyrus =
⼀塊 sulcus :
spale between
☆
gyrus

〈
/200

Dorsal
* : to theback( inferior / candal)

* Ventral : nteriora
"
Finding Central sulcas (check 1 ateral surface了

gnI
紧
branch

"
"

-
" tissue over brain =
Grachnoid
4, cevebral cortex
buffering spae ovev

gyrusis formed by the

growth morphogenesis of
central &
" &
precentral poctcentra gyrus
 ateral olfactory Track

9 Ventval surface

rbitalcorx 凍
Λ
tempoval
lobe
0了。
— OpticChiasim

龘
Cevebral nypothalamas
Bzaingtem
Peduncles

( parr of midlbrain) pituitaryaatttach 5o

uypo )
.

☆ connecls Mindbraim
& spinal covd

J whire matter

Corticospinatracr
B Eouhains fibevs of
Medulla
m起Corlex
senad
→
aaxons olowwn Pyramids
stemfcerebellum
ospinalcord commects braim

“鸞
 Blood Supply

InternalCavolid
—
rmmonicning
Posrenior
ieo —
airery9 3 anteriov circulalion

orieinI
onsiignoanait
—

Superi√
⼑
Cerebellar
" 3 rum s
: lomard midsrain

— wena

Fufeiov ⼀ Posteviovcivculalioon
3

时
Anterior
SuPPozlS
Arrariesoms
Cereyellar
,
inferin
posreriov arlery
cerebellum

supplies blood
to

poszaiom f infeion sidl

ofbrain
3 bas bran ches than supplies
medulla

闷f
Supplies

nmnimes
— finneiarsminaray
𠃌