FOOD

SECURITY
SECTOR
PARTNERS
MEETING
SUDAN – KHARTOUM
26 AUGUST 2021

SUDAN
FOOD SECURITY AND LIVELIHOODS
SECTOR
 UN Food Systems Partners Technical
Pre-Summit 2021 Presentation

2 4

Agenda
1 3 5
Humanitarian Sector AOB
Operational Achievements
Update in Sudan.
 Humanitarian Situation Update
Around 16,000 people displaced due to conflict in
Tawa and Osiji village. Food considered as one of the
priority needs. WFP reached around 14,000
beneficiaries

North Darfur
Sudan – Floods Sortony

Central Darfur
North Jebel Marra

Heavy rains and flooding incidents reported in Aj

Jazirah, Blue Nile, Gedaref, Khartoum, North
Kordofan, Northern, River Nile, Sennar, South
Darfur, South Kordofan, West Darfur, and White
Nile. Around 62,000 people across the country were
affected with 3,840 homes were destroyed and 7,500
damaged
Clashes between the Sudanese Armed
Forces (SAF) and the Sudan Liberation Army (SLA)
lead to displacing 5,500 people. Protection is the
main concern to displaced people with a need to
speed up assistance delivery
 Humanitarian Situation Update
Violence incidents across villages in Kalogi lead to
have a total number of 8,406 individuals currently
seeking shelter in many area in SK (i.e. Alrhmaniya,
Merefaein, Hai Um Naeem and other villages

White Nile Ethiopia

Ar Rawat Tigray

South Kordofan
Kalogi

Due to conflict there with remain tense situation, no
specific number for displaced people with some
reports indicates that 20 people deaths and around 25
injured.
Due to conflict, around 63,000 Refugees in Sudan
since 7 November 2020 and over 46,000 have been
biometric registered in eastern Sudan. Sudan hosts
over 1.1 million refugees from South Sudan, Eritrea,
Central African Republic, Ethiopia and other
countries.
 UN Food Systems Pre-Summit
2021

on 16 October 2019 by UN Secretary-

General António Guterres, the UN
Food Systems Summit, including a Pre-
Summit, was conceived following
conversations with the joint leadership
of the three Rome-based United
Nations agencies – the Food and
Agriculture Organization, the
International Fund for Agricultural
The Pre-Summit of the UN Food Development and the World FoodIn partnership with the Government of Italy, the Pre-
Systems Summit will set the stage for Programme Summit take place in Rome from 26–28 July 2021
the culminating global event in
September by bringing together diverse
actors from around the world to
leverage the power of food systems to
deliver progress on all 17 Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs).
UN Food Systems Pre-Summit
2021
THE 2021 FOOD SYSTEMS SUMMIT

Developing a resilient, equitable,

sustainable and resilient food system,
leaving no one behind

2nd Dialogue
Based on:

1 - SDGs 17

2- Food security pillars

Availability Access

Stability
Utilization

8
 Main goal

• To transform food systems to a resilient, equitable, sustainable and

resilient to achieve the SDGs. (leaving no one behind)
• The Food Systems Summit Dialogues are an approach for enabling
systematic, inclusive opportunities for stakeholders to be engaged
in food systems.

Specific objectives;
• Ensure access to safe and nutritious food for all through;
oThis objective will develop game - changing and systemic solutions
to make nutritious foods more available and affordable, and make
food safer.
o Reduce malnutrition in all its forms by ensuring access to healthy
diets: (to avoid; stunting and wasting, and under nourishment,
micronutrient deficiencies, and overweight/obesity).
9
• Shift to sustainable consumption patterns through;
o Provide an opportunity to share ideas for robust and sustainable
food system.
o  Encourage local production for local and safe consumption
o Build an accurate and up to date information system on food
consumption and nutrition status.
o Strengthening the disaster management capacities.
o Strengthening anti-poverty programmes for enhanced social
protection.
o Meet food storage needs through improving storage facilities.
• Change to nature -positive food production system by;
o Protect and sustainably manage the available resources.

10
o Restore natural or modified ecosystems that address societal
challenges effectively and adaptively to climate change and other
shocks, providing human well-being and bio diversified healthy
production.
• Advance equitable livelihoods through;
o Promoting full and productive employment and income generating
activates for all unemployed.
o Decent work for all actors along the food value chain.
o Equality to access economic opportunities and gender equality.
o Addressing the inequitable access to resources and distribution of
value.
• Build resilience to vulnerabilities, shocks and stress through;
o Follow the systemic and nexus approach and consider all the
resilience interlinked factors that can be influenced by multiple
systems, a variety of sectors and stakeholders, at different levels.
11
 Opportunities

Institutional Setup for FS&N at the National Level /1

Council of Ministers

State Governor Related

)Wali(
Higher council for FS & N
Councils

FSTS
at the States
FS Technical Secretariat

Technical Working Groups

12
2/ Transitional Government priorities and achievements;
• Peace agreement
• Lift of sanction from Sudan
• Start of loans removal
• Expected flow of investments
• The transition Government. Commitments
• The institutional document which represent the country priority

3/ Agriculture
• Remains a crucial sector in the economy as a major source of raw
materials, food and foreign exchange.
• The traditional rain-fed sector has occupied an average of 70% of
the total cultivated land and employed more than 70% of the
agricultural population during the last ten years. This sector is
characterized by low 13
• Productivity that is mainly driven by lower technical efficiency, so
introduction of innovation is a crucial demand to maximize the benefit.
• The estimated technical efficiency of crop production in Sudan for 2
main cash crops: sorghum& sesame is 0.65 and 0.72 respectively.
• The recent agricultural policies in the Sudan have focused on
mechanized large‐scale, rainfed agricultural ventures achieving
increased grain production through expansion of the cultivated area
only, not through increased per unit yield.
• A fluctuations in yield (per unit yields of all crops are steadily
decreasing), currently reaching rates far below their genetic potential.
4/ livestock
• Sudan has a livestock wealth of more than (120) million heads,
including poultry, equine and fish.
• The livestock provides supply of' essential foods and contributes to
food diversity.
• Recent growth patterns for major animal herds showing modest growth 14
of about 0.9% year
5/ Forests
• The highest portion of Sudan area lies in the arid Lands (89%).
• Bare lands 8.2%, semi humid lands 2.8%. , rhe vegetation cover decreased to 10.3%.
• Annual deforestation is 2.4%.
• Overgrazing, biomass energy, physical development programs are main drivers of
environmental problems.
6/ Water sources
• Availability of water for drinking and irrigation is recorded but it needs improvement in
quality and quantity.
• Poor secure water sources such as deep boreholes that can be relied on short dry
spells.
7/ The strategic location of Sudan.
8/ A new agriculture and livestock census should be conducted to provide a more realistic
and updated picture of the important sector in the economy of the Sudan.
9/ Adding value to the country’s exportable agricultural commodities is strongly encouraged.
10/ Capacity strengthening support to farmers and agricultural institutions such as post-
harvest management to enhance productivity and resilience.
15
11/ Diversified livelihood in the country, and vast Lands, waiting!!
 Current Situation

• In Sudan food safety has, until recently, received very little policy
attention and only modest investment in capabilities to manage
risks.
• A National Food Safety Policy (NFSP) 2018 has been drafted by
MoH and approved in 2020; however it has a partial status and
limited endorsement by all food control actors.
• The use of the food chain approach exists in the food safety
system and it involves several agencies. Each agency operates
independently to fulfill its respective mandate.
• Statistics available on food-borne disease in Sudan are not well
analyzed and documented.
• Poor laboratory services in line with mandate of Institutions. Partial
accreditation for some important test; this increase the no. of food
borne diseases;   16
• Consumption demand started to increase during period of 2000–2021
due to population growth, IDPs and refugees.study conducted by
FSTS study in 2016 has analyzed food consumption in Kcal to be
2288, 2323 and 2251 for national, rural and urban population.
• Poor diversified consumption practices affect the nutrition status.
• Recently, 9.8 million people, representing 21% of the total analyzed
population (including IDPs and refugees), face high levels of acute
food insecurity.
• With the limited capacity of the food system in the country and
shortage of medical supplies, poor households will not be able to
have their food needs met.
• Fuel shortages and the high cost of transportation will continue
reducing market supplies to affected remote areas. Increased prices
of food and non-food commodities and services is a major
contributing factor that will affect food security in Sudan.
• The most comprehensive recent analyses put national poverty
incidence in Sudan at close to half of the population is poor. 17
• The majority of food is produced by smallholder farmers, despite their
important contributions, smallholders and farm workers often suffer
from malnutrition and lack of access to healthy diet.
• Within the value chain consumers are affected by poor practices;
• Low yield High prices of food Low diversified consumption.
Harvest losses Low supply High prices less quantities consumed
High malnutrition rates.
• In processing if quality control measures are not existing
Consumption will be affected.
• Consumption gaps are dominantly persist among; Internally displaced
people (IDPs), returnees,
• People in conflict areas, poor groups from agro pastoral and pastoral
communities in rural areas whose livelihoods are directly affected by
the impact of COVID-19 control measures and other shocks.
• Poor productivity due to traditional means of agriculture,
• Many conflicts on natural resources were reported between farmers 18
Key drivers of the current food insecurity situation
1/Rain fall:
o Above average rains during June to September 2020 rainy season
coupled by floods during August and September resulted on
damage of infrastructure and household’s assets.
• Rainfall performance determines good pasture development
favoring good livestock body condition and supply of animal
products for selling, exporting and household consumption.
2/ Economic Crisis in Sudan: Economic decline and inflation; Impact
on food and nutrition security.
• Devaluation of local currency, high inflation rates. Soaring food and
non-food prices and poor purchasing power resulted from low
income among most poor people.
• Inflation and high food prices remain the main driver of food
insecurity. This has triggered deterioration in food security, as
households struggle to maintain adequate access to food 19
 3 /COVID – 19;
• Food availability
o It is expected to have high food insecure people with high
malnutrition rates, unless measures are taken fast to protect the most
vulnerable, keep global food supply chains alive and mitigate the
pandemic’s impacts across the food system.
• Food Accessibility
o The trend showed higher prices for locally produced cerials being
affected by on going inflation rates and the pandemic, which limited
majority of households access to main staple food, decreasing their
food consumption rate to the minimum level. The latter induced
malnutrition mainly for children under 5 and pregnant women.
o Livestock, during the month of Jan 2021, the prices of all animal
breeds increased as a result of lifting restrictions on the animals’
exportation. Transportation of camels to the Red Sea State increased
the price of animal feed. When the prices are compared to the month
of December 2020, the prices of male sheep. 20
 • Impact on Food Stability
o  The constrained food supply chain system affected food stability and
aggravated food insecurity shocks. The capacity to cope and withstand
food shortages at the household and national levels requires
strengthening. The combined impacts of COVID-19 and floods plus other
shocks exacerbated the vulnerabilities of the food insecure and
marginally food secure prior to the outbreak of the hazards. has affected
the stability of food commodities in almost all local markets.
o Overall, food stability has been affected due to the combined adverse
impacts of COVID-19 and floods plus pre-existing food insecurity
triggering factors manifested in the interruptions in food supply chains
and limited flow of goods and services. this aggravated depletion of food
reserves that regulates food availability, access and utilization.
4/ Conflict and displacement/ security situation:
• Sudan continues to receive refugees from Tigray Region. Displacement/
migration are expected to continue. IDPs in relatively secured areas are
expected to Seasonally return for farming in their home areas to
cultivate. 21
 Causes of challenges through the food system
Food value chain activities
Poor seeds
quality / Unsafe
Food Production
Usage of
pesticides/ Harvest Poor treatment
chemical
fertilizers, Poor
focus on food Stacking/drying/sing Poor practices and Backing/ cooling/ Q
safety during the control, contamination
production cycle/ Threshing Traditional
contamination
Storage Bests/ poor standards

Assembly legislations

Transport Distances/ capacities/infrastructures.

Processing /Trading Distances/ capacities/infrastructures.

Transport Distances/ capacities

Wholesaling Distances/ capacities

Transport Poor enabling

Poor HH Poor HH environment
practices/reservations/stor
age /means of Retailing Poor enabling
cooking/contamination environment
09/01/2023 22
Consumption
 Conclusions Way foreword
Theme/ Key contributing or triggering
areas factors Weaknesses
Food safety • Limited adoption of good
agricultural practices ,good
manufacturing practices
• 17 Acts and related
regulations and standards
that delegate various powers
and responsibilities to the
main
• CAs - MoH, MoA, MoAR and
SSMO, are not updated.
• Duplication in sampling and
analysis of food products by
various Control Authority
• No integrated system to
report food borne diseases
(FBDs) and respond to food
safety emergencies
Interventions and Way foreword
/action
• Encourage the adoption of good
agricultural practices , Support
extension services
• good manufacturing practices,
• establishing traceability system
among the value chain and
Updating and amending laws and
legislations related to food safety,
sanitary and phyto sanitary
• Review and streamline the sampling
and analysis of food products by
various Control Authority
• in order to reduce duplication, and
reduce costs on CAs (one window
system)
• Strengthening current food-borne
disease surveillance system and
creation of comprehensive
database for food-borne-related
illnesses
Synergies between five
tracks and SDGs
All tracks :
SDG1 nopoverty
SDG 2; Zero Hunger
SDG 6; Clean water and
Sanitation
SDG 17; Partnerships for
the goals
SDG 7; Affordable and
clean energy
Decent work and economic
growth
SDG 9; Industry, innovation
and infrastructure
SDG 10; reduce inequalities
SDG 11; Sustainable cities
and communities SDG 12;
Responsible consumption
and production
SDG 13; Climate action SDG
16; Peace, justice and
strong institutions
SDG 17;Partnerships for
the goals
23
Nutrition • Low Consumption of plant
sources of Vitamin A–rich
foods
• Unsafe food causes
diseases
• Poor diversified
consumption
High level of poverty
Weak M&E System
insufficient investment in
nutrition and information
Shift to • Consumption gaps in
sustainable vulnerable areas due to
consumption poor consumption
patterns practices
• Severe macroeconomic
difficulties affect food
access
• COVID-19 has adverse
effects on food insecurity.
• With the limited capacity
of the food system in the
country poor households
will not be able to have
their food needs met.
• Fuel shortages and high
cost of transportation
continue reducing market
supplies to affected
remote areas
• Supplementary feeding program and • Track 2 and 4
Vitamin A supplementation, school health SDG 1 No poverty
and nutrition. SDG 2 zero hunger.
• Nutritional counselling and education SDG 3; Good Health and Well-being
• Ante-natal and post natal care (iron/foliate SDG 4;Quality education
supplementation) and Fortified SDG 6; Clean water and Sanitation
complementary foods Decent work and economic growth
• Bi fortification and diversity/Food SDG 9;Industry, innovation and
technology transfer. infrastructure
Strengthen M&E System is substantial SDG 13; life below water
investment to reduce under nutrition SDG 16; Peace, justice and strong
Enhance income generating activities institutions
• Reduction of overconsumption of sugar- • All tracks
sweetened beverages and ultra-processed SDG1 no poverty
food. SDG 2; Zero Hunger
• Halving per capita food waste at HH in all SDG 3; Good Health and Well-being
the chain. SDG 4;Quality education
• Strengthen connections between consumers SDG 7; Affordable and clean energy
and producers of food by fostering SDG 8;Decent work and economic
development of more robust value chains growth
where feasible. SDG 9;Industry, innovation and
Increase the diversity, availability, accessibility infrastructure
of safe foods to contribute to healthy SDG 13; life below water
sustainable diets. SDG 15; Life on land
Game changing in food culture towards more SDG 16; Peace, justice and strong
diversified consumption and improved institutions
productivity. SDG SDG 11; Sustainable cities and
Awareness raising by food culture. communities SDG 12;Responsible
Sustainable value chains to ensure that consumption and production
international trade facilitate access to safe SDG 14; Life below water
food. • SDG17;Partnerships for the goals
• improve urban food environment and
identifying challenges and opportunities
in urban/ rural communities. 24
• Nature -positive • Weak productivity and production • Pillar 1: protect natural systems and areas • All tracks
food production Loss. from new conversions for food production SDG1 no poverty
system • Frequent changes in strategies by and save and set aside some land and SDG 2; Zero Hunger
change of decision makers. water back to nature. SDG 5;Gender equality
• Poor enabling productive • Pillar 2: sustainably manage the • SDG7; maximize the use of
environment. production systems. clean and renewable
• Gaps in agro processing • Pillar 3: restore and rehabilitate degraded sources of energy, reducing
• No innovative technology systems for sustainable food production the food sector’s
• Low and non-diverse food and ecosystem services. environmental impact
production. • 1.Adopt practices to restore, protect and SDG 8;Decent work and
• Absence of national land use manage natural resources in sustainable economic growth
action plan. manner: including (legislation or SDG 9;Industry, innovation and
• Weak extension services at regulations, judicial decrees, or other infrastructure
remote areas. actions) SDG 12; Responsible
• Environmental impacts e.g, 2: intensify the knowledge of farmers, farm consumption and production
climate change-erosion- floods- advisors SDG 13; life below water
drought 3: promote marketing and processing SDG 14; Life below water SDG
• Insecure funding. facilities 15; Life on land
• Misuse of pesticide and 4: increase policy coherence and adequate SDG 16; Peace, justice and
insecticides. governance, strong institutions
5: strengthen actions and information on SDG 17;Partnerships for the
sustainable nutrition and food diets. goals
6: empowerment of rural areas/ cross-farm
co-operations,
7:Risk management plans (fires, floods..etc)
8: Encourage organic agriculture, including
zero tillage practices in the harsh areas.

25
Advance Equitable • Injustice of policies governing the
livelihoods right to work, land ownership.
  • Inequality among landowners, and
partnerships between landowners,
farmers and herders, concepts, and
unequal gender norms refer to the
right to work, property rights,
support, and partnership
• Environmental and natural
disasters such as floods, droughts,
desertification, removal of
vegetation and others that have
greatly affected local communities
in their Livelihood.
The impact of wars and tribal
conflicts that cause loss of work and
land ownership in some societies
directly affect their livelihoods
Displacement and the transformation
of indigenous citizens into displaced
persons and refugees.
Women are generally the main
unpaid contributors to household
income and food production.
• Gender:. participation in decision-making All tracks
must be enhanced for their representation in SDG 1 no poverty
state legislatures, parties and community- SDG 2 zero hunger
based organizations (CBOs). SDG 4 Quality education
• Ensure women’s equal tenure rights and SDG 5;Gender equality
promote their equal access to and control SDG 8;Decent work and
over productive land, natural resources, economic growth
inputs, and other services SDG 9;Industry, innovation and
•Facilitate women’s equal access to infrastructure
entrepreneurship and employment SDG 16; Peace, justice and
opportunities across food systems strong institutions
• Building productive capacity of producers SDG 17;Partnerships for the goals
through institutional reform and training.
• Improve agricultural support services in
terms of research, technology transfer and
extension, agricultural education, markets,
information.
• Building strategic partnerships to utilize
economies of scale and have better access
to new technology, Actions to support
equality in livelihoods namely: Stakeholder
capacity development, Food-based nutrition,
Gender equality. Peace, stability building
and voluntary guidelines for land tenure.
• Developing the knowledge, skills, and talent
of youth will also require investing in
smallholder agriculture in order to provide
successful examples and viable livelihoods
for all future generations.
26
• Build • Limited awareness on climate-related •Support decision making through partnership-based • All tracks
resilience hazards; capacity development SDG1 no poverty
to • Social unrest; fragile economic situation; Standards and tools to guide resilience /vulnerability SDG 2; Zero Hunger
vulnerabiliti • Natural resources deterioration and mapping and analysis for the agriculture and food SDG 3; Good Health
es shocks conflict security sectors developed; and Well-being
and stress • by traditional farmers vs pastoralists ; Coordination with media for awareness raising; SDG 5;Gender
• Traditional food production systems; less • Enhance coordination mechanism; equality
applied research Capacity building for staff in FS analysis ; SDG 6; Clean water
Lack of shocks-risks-hazard Improve access to agricultural inputs and extension and Sanitation
mapping/information services ; SDG 7; Affordable and
Poor institutional capacities/ in disaster Enhance food security access ; clean energy
risk reduction; - Enhance role of Pasture and Rangeland SDG 8;Decent work
Climate variation and Climate change: Administration; and economic growth
repeated droughts, floods, change of rain Enhance dialogue between farmers and herders SDG 9;Industry,
calendar temperature . Secure availability of integrated services of water, innovation and
Absence of media in FSN at community fodder and pasture along stock - routes to markets, infrastructure
levels; including cross-border routes.  
Limited access to agricultural inputs, Implement projects of common interest at the same SDG 10; reduce
services knowledge and skills; area as means of peace building strategy; inequalities
Improper demarcation; Establish early warning system and community SDG 16; Peace,
Shortage of water among the livestock disaster management strategy justice and strong
routes; Improve Disaster risk management system through institutions
Lack of legislations access to land and inclusive assessment, planning, mitigation and SDG 17; Partnerships
natural resources; mainstreaming in the planning for the goals
Low standard tools for data collection, Develop climate change adaptation strategy.  
analysis on resilience in Sudan. Reduce the effect of climate change (disaster risk
limited employment/ low income. effects reduction)
of COVID 19 control measures led to Support institutional and natural resources
increased poverty rate and reduced governance
kinship support to poor households; Vulnerability mapping and analysis to support
resilience building;

27
Food reserves • Low capacities • Modernization of storage at national and HH • Track 1, 2,3,
Strategic and HH • Traditional and unsafe storage levels. SDGs; SDG 8;Decent work and
  • Poor cold stores; • Control measurement for safe stored food economic growth
• Availability of cold stores for perishable  
food;
Transportation • Deteriorated infrastructures • Rehabilitation , modernization • All tracks
• Insufficient cold transport • Quality control
• High cost
Processing • Innovations • Applications • Tracks 1 & 2
• Poor standards in some • Quality control
• Poor infrastructure • Rehabilitation of infrastructure
  • Support applied Researches
Marketing • Infrastructures •Rehabilitation of infrastructure •All tracks
• Weak marketing structures •Improve marketing structures
   

28
Shift to sustai

29
Thanks and hope fruitful discussion

Together to achieve food

security in Sudan

Together to make our country

green

Together to transform our livelihood to

a sustainable welfare live
30
 Sector Achievements

https://fscluster.org/sudan/document/fsl-sudan-operational-dashboard-q22021

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MyNjFiIiwidCI6IjQ2MmFkOWFlLWQ3ZDktNDIwNi1iODc0LTcxYjFlMDc5Nzc2ZiIsImMiOjh9
Partners Technical Presentation
 26 August 2021

As of 31 July 2021
 26 August 2021

As of 31 July 2021
 26 August 2021

As of 31 July 2021
 26 August 2021

CRP Mid-year 2021

Indicator Sum of Indicator Achievement Sum of Total Beneficiary Directly Reached

Number of people provided with agricultural support 16,636 34,228
Number of people receiving vacational training 330 330
Number of people that receive a business grant 0 0
Number of people that receive a full ration of food 509,805 509,805
Number of people that receive a half ration of food 42,228 42,228
Number of people that receive cash-based transfers for full ration food supplies 5,995 5,995
Number of people that receive cash under MPCA at full 59,597 76,364
 Project funded by the European Union

Thank you!
T HTAHNAKNSK S