Electric Charges and Field Questions

14
Electric Charges and Fields P-235
Electric Charges
and Fields
Numerical
Q.1 A uniform heating wire of resistance 36Ω is connected across a potential
difference of 240 V. The wire is then cut into half and potential difference of 240V is
applied across each half separately. The ratio of power dissipation in first case to the
total power dissipation in the second case would be 1: x, where x is ____________
1st Sep Evening Shift 2021
Q.2 A resistor dissipates 192 J of energy in 1s when a current of 4A is passed

through it. Now, when the current is doubled, the amount of thermal energy
dissipated in 5s in _________ J.
31st Aug Evening Shift 2021
Q.3 A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance 200 μF is connected to a battery of 200

V. A dielectric slab of dielectric constant 2 is now inserted into the space between
plates of capacitor while the battery remain connected. The change in the
electrostatic energy in the capacitor will be ____________J.
Q.4 A capacitor of 50 μF is connected in a circuit as shown in figure. The charge on

the upper plate of the capacitor is ______________μC.
31st Aug Morning Shift 2021
Q.5 The voltage drop across 15Ω resistance in the given figure will be ______________ V.
Q.6 A square shaped wire with resistance of each side 3Ω is bent to form a complete
circle. The resistance between two diametrically opposite points of the circle in unit
of Ω will be ___________.
Q.7 The ratio of the equivalent resistance of the network (shown in figure) between
the points a and b when switch is open and switch is closed is x : 8. The value of x is
___________.
27th Aug Evening Shift 2021
Q.8 First, a set of n equal resistors of 10 Ω each are connected in series to a battery
of emf 20V and internal resistance 10Ω. A current I is observed to flow. Then, the n
resistors are connected in parallel to the same battery. It is observed that the
current is increased 20 times, then the value of n is ...............
27th Aug Morning Shift 2021
Q.9 For the circuit shown, the value of current at time t = 3.2 s will be _________ A.
[Voltage distribution V(t) is shown by Fig. (1) and the circuit is shown in Fig. (2)]
27th July Evening Shift 2021
Q.10 An electric bulb rated as 200 W at 100 V is used in a circuit having 200 V
supply. The resistance 'R' that must be put in series with the bulb so that the bulb
delivers the same power is _____________ Ω.
25th July Morning Shift 2021
Q.11 In an electric circuit, a cell of certain emf provides a potential difference of 1.25
V across a load resistance of 5Ω. However, it provides a potential difference of 1 V
𝑥
across a load resistance of 2Ω. The emf of the cell is given by V Then the value of x
10
is ______________.
Q.12 The total charge enclosed in an incremental volume of 2 × 10−9 m3 located at

the origin is ___________ nC, if electric flux density of its field is found as
Q.13 In the given figure switches S1 and S2 are in open condition. The resistance
across ab when the switches S1 and S2 are closed is _____________ Ω.
Q.14 Consider a 72 cm long wire AB as shown in the figure. The galvanometer

jockey is placed at P on AB at a distance x cm from A. The galvanometer shows zero
deflection.
The value of x, to the nearest integer, is ___________.

18th Mar Evening Shift 2021
Q.15 Two wires of same length and thickness having specific resistances 6Ω cm and
3Ω cm respectively are connected in parallel. The effective resistivity is ρΩ cm. The
value of ρ, to the nearest integer, is ____________.
Q.16 A parallel plate capacitor has plate area 100 m2 and plate separation of 10 m.
The space between the plates is filled up to a thickness 5 m with a material of
dielectric constant of 10. The resultant capacitance of the system is 'x' pF.
The value of ε0 = 8.85 × 10−12 F.m−1.
The value of 'x' to the nearest integer is _____________.
18th Mar Morning Shift 2021
Q.17 The voltage across the 10Ω resistor in the given circuit is x volt.
The value of 'x' to the nearest integer is _________.

Q.18 The circuit shown in the figure consists of a charged capacitor of capacity 3 μF
and a charge of μC. At time t = 0, when the key is closed, the value of current flowing
through the 5 MΩ resistor is 'x' μ-A. The value of 'x to the nearest integer is
___________.
Q.19 Seawater at a frequency f = 9 × 102 Hz, has permittivity ε = 80ε0 and

resistivity ρ = 0.25 Ωm. Imagine a parallel plate capacitor is immersed in seawater
and is driven by an alternating voltage source V(t) = V0 sin(2πft). Then the
conduction current density becomes 10x times the displacement current density
1
after time t = s The value of x is _____________. (Given:
800
Q.20 A 2μF capacitor C1 is first charged to a potential difference of 10V using a

battery. Then the battery is removed and the capacitor is connected to an uncharged
capacitor C2 of 8 μF. The charge in C2 on equilibrium condition is ____________ μC.
(Round off to the Nearest Integer)
Q.21 The electric field in a region is given by
The flux of this field through a

rectangular surface area 0.4 m2 parallel to the Y-Z plane is __________ Nm2C−1.
Q.22 The electric field intensity produced by the radiation coming from a 100 W
bulb at a distance of 3 m is E. The electric field intensity produced by the radiation
coming from 60W at the same distance is Where the value of x = ____________.
Q.23 The equivalent resistance of series combination of two resistors is 's'. When
they are connected in parallel, the equivalent resistance is 'p'. If s = np, then the
minimum value for n is ____________. (Round off to the Nearest Integer)
3
Q.24 Four identical rectangular plates with length, l = 2 cm and breadth, b = cm are
2
arranged as shown in figure. The equivalent capacitance between A and C is The

value of x is ______________. (Round off to the Nearest Integer)
Q.25 A parallel plate capacitor whose capacitance C is 14 pF is charged by a battery

to a potential difference V = 12 V between its plates. The charging battery is now
disconnected and a porcelin plate with k = 7 is inserted between the plates, then the
plate would oscillate back and forth between the plates with a constant mechanical
energy of _____________ pJ. (Assume no friction)
Q.26 In a parallel plate capacitor set up, the plate area of capacitor is 2 m2 and the
plates are separated by 1 m. If the space between the plates are filled with a
dielectric material of thickness 0.5 m and area 2 m2 (see fig.) the capacitance of the
set-up will be __________εo. (Dielectric constant of the material = 3.2) (Round off to the
Nearest Integer)
Q.27 The energy dissipated by a resistor is 10 mJ in 1 s when an electric current of 2

mA flows through it. The resistance is ___________Ω. (Round off to the Nearest Integer)
Q.28 In the figure given, the electric current flowing through the 5 kΩ resistor is 'x'
mA.
The value of x to the nearest integer is ____________.

Q.29 In an electrical circuit, a battery is connected to pass 20C of charge through it

in a certain given time. The potential difference between two plates of the battery is
maintained at 15V. The workdone by the battery is __________J.
26th Feb Morning Shift 2021
Q.30 A current of 6A enters one corner P of an equilateral triangle PQR having 3

wires of resistance 2Ω each and leaves by the corner R. The currents i1 in ampere is
_________.
25th Feb Evening Shift 2021
Q.31 Two identical conducting spheres with negligible volume have 2.1 nC and −0.1
nC charges, respectively. They are brought into contact and then separated by a
distance of 0.5 m. The electrostatic force acting between the spheres is
__________ × 10−9 N.
Q.32 The peak electric field produced by the radiation coming from the 8W bulb at a
𝑥
distance of 10 m is The efficiency of the bulb is 10% and it is a point
10
source. The value of x is ___________.
Q.33 512 identical drops of mercury are charged to a potential of 2V each. The
drops are joined to form a single drop. The potential of this drop is ________ V.
Q.34 The electric field in a region is given by The ratio

of flux of reported field through the rectangular surface of area 0.2 m (parallel to
2
y − z plane) to that of the surface of area 0.3 m2 (parallel to x − z plane) is a : b,

where a = __________ [Here î, ˆj and ˆk are unit vectors along x, y and z-axes
respectively.]
Q.35 A point charge of +12μC is at a distance 6 cm vertically above the centre of a

square of side 12 cm as shown in figure. The magnitude of the electric flux through
the square will be __________ × 103 Nm2/C.

Q.36 A cylindrical wire of radius 0.5 mm and conductivity 5 ×× 107 S/m is subjected
to an electric field of 10 mV/m. The expected value of current in the wire will be
x3π mA. The value of x is _________.
Q.37 In connection with the circuit drawn below, the value of current flowing
through 2 kΩ resistor is _________ ×× 10−4 A.
Numerical Answer Key
1. Ans. (4) 10. Ans. (50) 19. Ans. (6) 28. Ans. (3)
2. Ans. (3840) 11. Ans. (15) 20. Ans. (16) 29. Ans. (300)
3. Ans. (4) 12. Ans. (4) 21. Ans. (640) 30. Ans. (2)
4. Ans. (100) 13. Ans. (10) 22. Ans. (3) 31. Ans. (36)
5. Ans. (6) 14. Ans. (48) 23. Ans. (4) 32. Ans. (2)
6. Ans. (3) 15. Ans. (4) 24. Ans. (2) 33. Ans. (128)
7. Ans. (9) 16. Ans. (161) 25. Ans. (864) 34. Ans. (1)
8. Ans. (20) 17. Ans. (70) 26. Ans. (3) 35. Ans. (226)
9. Ans. (1) 18. Ans. (2) 27. Ans. (2500) 36. Ans. (5)
37. Ans. (25)
Numerical Explanation
Ans 1. For Case I,

The potential difference of the uniform wire, V = 240 V
The resistance of the uniform wire, R1 = 36 Ω
The power dissipation in the first case,
For Case II,
Thus, the ratio of the total power dissipation in the first case to the second case
The value of the x = 4.

Ans 2.
E = i2Rt
192 = 16 (R) (1)
R = 12Ω
E1 = (8)2 (12) (5)
= 3840 J
Ans 3.
Ans 4.
Potential Difference across each resistor = 2V

q = CV
= 50 × 10−6 × 2 = 100 ×× 10−6 = 100 μC
Ans 5.
⇒ effective circuit diagram will be
Point drop across 6ΩΩ = 1 × 6 = 6 = VAB

⇒ Hence point drop across 15Ω = 6 volt = VAB
Ans 6.
Req = 3Ω
Ans 7.
∴ x=9
Ans 8. In series
In parallel
n=20
Ans 9. From graph voltage at t = 3.2 sec is 6 volt.
Ans 10.
RB = 50Ω
To produce same power, same voltage (i.e. 100 V) should be across the bulb.
Hence, R = RB
R = 50 Ω
Ans 11.
From equation (1) & (2)
or x = 15
Ans 12.
⇒ ρ = 2 (a constant)
V = 2 × 10−9 m3
q = 2 × 2 ×× 10−9 = 4 nC
Ans 13. When switch S1 and S2 are closed
Ans 14. As galvanometer shows zero deflection so it act's as balanced wheatstone

bridge.
⇒ 14 − 2x = x
⇒ 3x = 144
⇒ x = 48 cm
Ans 15. Let length of each wire is l and area A. When they are connected in parallel
then their effective area 2A.
From formula we know,
Ans 16.
Area = 100 m2
Separation (d) = 10 m
Thickness = 5 m
Dielectric constant (K) = 10
Ans 17.
I = 7A
Potential Across 10Ω resister
V10 = IR = 7 × 10 = 70V
⇒ V10 = 70V
Ans 18.
At time t
Ans 19.
Given f = 9 × 102 Hz
So x = 6
Ans 20.
When battery is removed & the capacitor is connected
2V + 8v = 20
10V = 20
V = 2 volt
Q = 8 ×× 2 = 16μc
Ans 21.
Ans 22.
So the value of x = 3
Ans 23.
So, minimum value for n = 4

Ans 24.
Ans 25.
= 1008 pJ
oscillating energy = Ui − Uf
= 1008 – 144
= 864 pJ
Ans 26.
Ans 27. Given, energy dissipated by a resistor, H = 10 mJ = 10 ×× 10−3 J

Time, t = 1 s
Electric current, I = 2 mA = 2 × 10−3 A
Resistance, R = ?
According to Joule's law of heating,
H = I2Rt
Substituting the given values in Eq. (i), we get
Ans 28.
Ans 30.
Ans 31.
When they brought into contact & then separated by a distance = 0.5 m
Then charge distribution will be
The electrostatic force acting b/w the sphere is
Ans 32.
⇒x=2
Ans 33. Let charge on each drop = q
radius = r
radius of bigger
R=8r
=128V
Ans 34.
Ans 35. Given, charge, q = 12 μC = 12 × 10−6C

Height of charge from surface, h = 6 cm = 6 × 10−2 m and side of square, a = 12 cm =
12 × 10−2 m
Using Gauss law, it is a part of cube of side 12 cm and charge at centre so;
Ans 36. We know that current density,
Current flowing;
Ans 37.
In Zener breakdown,
MCQ (Single Correct Answer)
Q.1 A capacitor is connected to a 20 V battery through a resistance of 10Ω. It is

found that the potential difference across the capacitor rises to 2 V in 1 μs. The
capacitance of the capacitor is __________ μF. Given:
Q.2 Two resistors R1 = (4 ± 0.8) Ω and R2 = (4 ± 0.4) Ω are connected in parallel. The
equivalent resistance of their parallel combination will be:
Q.3 Due to cold weather a 1 m water pipe of cross-sectional area 1 cm2 is filled with
ice at −10∘∘C. Resistive heating is used to melt the ice. Current of 0.5A is passed
through 4 kΩ resistance. Assuming that all the heat produced is used for melting,
what is the minimum time required? (Given latent heat of fusion for water/ice =
3.33 ×× 105 J kg−1, specific heat of ice = 2 ×× 103 J kg−1 and density of ice = 103 kg/m3
Q.4 A cube is placed inside an electric field, The side of the cube is 0.5
m and is placed in the field as shown in the given figure. The charge inside the cube
is :
Q.5 Choose the incorrect statement :

(1) The electric lines of force entering into a Gaussian surface provide negative flux.
(2) A charge 'q' is placed at the centre of a cube. The flux through all the faces will be
the same.
(3) In a uniform electric field net flux through a closed Gaussian surface containing
no net charge, is zero.
(4) When electric field is parallel to a Gaussian surface, it provides a finite non-zero
flux.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below
Q.6 The equivalent resistance of the given circuit between the terminals A and B is :
Q.7 Consider a galvanometer shunted with 5Ω resistance and 2% of current passes

through it. What is the resistance of the given galvanometer ?
Q.8 Figure shows a rod AB, which is bent in a 120∘∘ circular arc of radius R. A
charge (−Q) is uniformly distributed over rod AB. What is the electric field at the
centre of curvature O ?
Q.9 Three capacitors C1 = 2μF, C2 = 6μF and C3 = 12μF are connected as shown in
figure. Find the ratio of the charges on capacitors C1, C2 and C3 respectively:
Q.10 Five identical cells each of internal resistance 1Ω and emf 5V are connected in
series and in parallel with an external resistance 'R'. For what value of 'R', current in
series and parallel combination will remain the same?
Q.11 Calculate the amount of charge on capacitor of 4μF. The internal resistance of
battery is 1Ω:
Q.12 A uniformly charged disc of radius R having surface charge density σσ is

placed in the xy plane with its center at the origin. Find the electric field intensity
along the z-axis at a distance Z from origin:-
Q.13 An electric bulb of 500 watt at 100 volt is used in a circuit having a 200 V
supply. Calculate the resistance R to be connected in series with the bulb so that the
power delivered by the bulb is 500 W.
Q.14 A parallel plate capacitor with plate area A has separation d between the
plates. Two dielectric slabs of dielectric constant K1 and K2 of same area A/2 and
thickness d/2 are inserted in the space between the plates. The capacitance of the
capacitor will be given by:
Q.15 The two thin coaxial rings, each of radius 'a' and having charges +Q and −Q
respectively are separated by a distance of 's'. The potential difference between the
centres of the two rings is:
Q.16 The material filled between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor has
resistivity 200 Ωm. The value of capacitance of the capacitor is 2 pF. If a potential
difference of 40 V is applied across the plates of the capacitor, then the value of
leakage current flowing out of the capacitor is : (given the value of relative
permittivity of material is 50)
Q.17 What equal length of an iron wire and a copper-nickel alloy wire, each of 2 mm
diameter connected parallel to give an equivalent resistance of 3Ω ?
(Given resistivities of iron and copper-nickel alloy wire are 12 μΩ and 51 μΩ cm
respectively)
Q.18 In the given figure, the emf of the cell is 2.2 V and if internal resistance is
0.6ΩΩ. Calculate the power dissipated in the whole circuit :
Q.19 A simple pendulum of mass 'm', length 'l' and charge '+ q' suspended in the
electric field produced by two conducting parallel plates as shown. The value of
deflection of pendulum in equilibrium position will be
Q.20 Match List I with List II.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
Q.21 Two capacitors of capacities 2C and C are joined in parallel and charged up to
potential V. The battery is removed and the capacitor of capacity C is filled
completely with a medium of dielectric constant K. The potential difference across
the capacitors will now be :
Q.22 In the reported figure, a capacitor is formed by placing a compound dielectric

between the plates of parallel plate capacitor. The expression for the capacity of the
said capacitor will be:
(Given area of plate = A)
Q.23
A capacitor of capacitance C = 1 μF is suddenly connected to a battery of 100 volt

through a resistance R = 100 Ω. The time taken for the capacitor to be charged to get
50 V is:
[Take ln 2 = 0.69]
Q.24 In the given figure, a battery of emf E is connected across a conductor PQ of

length 'l' and different area of cross-sections having radii r1 and r2 (r2 < r1).
Choose the correct option as one moves from P to Q :
Q.25 The given potentiometer has its wire of resistance 10Ω. When the sliding
contact is in the middle of the potentiometer wire, the potential drop across
2Ω resistor is :
Q.26 Two ideal electric dipoles A and B, having their dipole moment p1 and
p2 respectively are placed on a plane with their centres at O as shown in the figure.
At point C on the axis of dipole A, the resultant electric field is making an angle of
37∘∘ with the axis. The ratio of the dipole moment of A and B

Q.27 If qf is the free charge on the capacitor plates and qb is the bound charge on the
dielectric slab of dielectric constant k placed between the capacitor plates, then
bound charge qb an be expressed as :
Q.28 In the given figure, there is a circuit of potentiometer of length AB = 10 m. The

resistance per unit length is 0.1 Ω per cm. Across AB, a battery of emf E and internal
resistance 'r' is connected. The maximum value of emf measured by this
potentiometer is :

Q.29 A parallel plate capacitor with plate area 'A' and distance of separation 'd' is
filled with a dielectric. What is the capacity of the capacitor when permittivity of the
dielectric varies as :
Q.30 AC voltage V(t) = 20 sinωt of frequency 50 Hz is applied to a parallel plate

capacitor. The separation between the plates is 2 mm and the area is 1 m2. The
amplitude of the oscillating displacement current for the applied AC voltage is
_________. [Take ε0 = 8.85 × 10−12 F/m]
Q.31
The value of current in the 6 Ω resistance is
Q.32 In the experiment of Ohm's law, a potential difference of 5.0 V is applied across
the end of a conductor of length 10.0 cm and diameter of 5.00 mm. The measured
current in the conductor is 2.00 A. The maximum permissible percentage error in
the resistivity of the conductor is :
Q.33 The four arms of a Wheatstone bridge have resistances as shown in the figure.
A galvanometer of 15Ω resistance is connected across BD. Calculate the current
through the galvanometer when a potential difference of 10V is maintained across
AC.
Q.34 Two cells of emf 2E and E with internal resistance r1 and r2 respectively are
connected in series to an external resistor R (see figure). The value of R, at which the
potential difference across the terminals of the first cell becomes zero is

Q.35 A resistor develops 500 J of thermal energy in 20 s when a current of 1.5A is
passed through it. If the current is increased from 1.5A to 3A, what will be the
energy developed in 20 s.
Q.36 For changing the capacitance of a given parallel plate capacitor, a dielectric
material of dielectric constant K is used, which has the same area as the plates of the
3
capacitor. The thickness of the dielectric slab is d where 'd' is the separation
4
between the plates of parallel plate capacitor. The new capacitance (C') in terms of
original capacitance (C0) is given by the following relation :
Q.37 An inclined plane making an angle of 30∘ with the horizontal is placed in a
𝑁
uniform horizontal electric field 200 as shown in the figure. A body of mass 1 kg
𝐶
and charge 5 mC is allowed to slide down from rest at a height of 1 m. If the
coefficient of friction is 0.2, find the time taken by the body to reach the bottom.
Q.38 A wire of 1Ω has a length of 1 m. It is stretched till its length increases by 25%.
The percentage change in resistance to the nearest integer is :
Q.39 Given below are two statements:

Statement I: An electric dipole is placed at the centre of a hollow sphere. The flux of
electric field through the sphere is zero but the electric field is not zero anywhere in
the sphere.
Statement II: If R is the radius of a solid metallic sphere and Q be the total charge on
it. The electric field at any point on the spherical surface of radius r (
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options
given below:
Q.40 Five equal resistances are connected in a network as shown in figure. The net
resistance between the points A and B is :
Q.41 Find the electric field at point P (as shown in figure) on the perpendicular
bisector of a uniformly charged thin wire of length L carrying a charge Q. The
distance of the point P from the centre of the rod is a =
Q.42 Consider the combination of 2 capacitors C1 and C2 with C2 > C1, when
15
connected in parallel, the equivalent capacitance is times the equivalent
4
capacitance of the same connected in series. Calculate the ratio of capacitors,

Q.43 A charge 'q' is placed at one corner of a cube as shown in figure. The flux of
electrostatic field through the shaded area is :
Q.44 An electron with kinetic energy K1 enters between parallel plates of a capacitor
at an angle 'αα' with the plates. It leaves the plates at angle 'β' with kinetic energy
K2. Then the ratio of kinetic energies K1 : K2 will be :

Q.45 Two equal capacitors are first connected in series and then in parallel. The
ratio of the equivalent capacities in the two cases will be:
Q.46 A cell E1 of emf 6V and internal resistance 2Ω is connected with another cell
E2 of emf 4V and internal resistance 8Ω (as shown in the figure). The potential
difference across points X and Y is :
Q.47 A current through a wire depends on time as

where αα0 = 20 A/s and β = 8 As−2. Find the charge crossed through a section of the
wire in 15 s.
MCQ Answer Key
1. Ans. (b) 16. Ans. (c) 31. Ans. (c) 46. Ans. (c)
2. Ans. (c) 17. Ans. (b) 32. Ans. (a) 47. Ans. (d)
3. Ans. (b) 18. Ans. (c) 33. Ans. (b)
4. Ans. (b) 19. Ans. (c) 34. Ans. (b)
5. Ans. (c) 20. Ans. (a) 35. Ans. (b)
6. Ans. (d) 21. Ans. (c) 36. Ans. (c)
7. Ans. (c) 22. Ans. (a) 37. Ans. (c)
8. Ans. (b) 23. Ans. (c) 38. Ans. (d)
9. Ans. (c) 24. Ans. (a) 39. Ans. (c)
10. Ans. (a) 25. Ans. (c) 40. Ans. (d)
11. Ans. (a) 26. Ans. (c) 41. Ans. (c)
12. Ans. (a) 27. Ans. (b) 42. Ans. (b)
13. Ans. (a) 28. Ans. (a) 43. Ans. (a)
14. Ans. (a) 29. Ans. (b) 44. Ans. (a)
15. Ans. (d) 30. Ans. (c) 45. Ans. (d)
MCQ Explanation
Ans 1. Given, the peak voltage of the battery, V0 = 20V

The voltage of the battery, V = 2V
Time, t = 1 μs = 1 × 10−6s
Resistance of the capacitor, R = 10 Ω
As we know that,
V = V0(1 − e−t/RC)
Substituting the values in the above equation, we get
2 = 20(1 − e−t/RC)
∴ The capacitance of the capacitor is 0.95 μF.

Ans 2. Given,
R1 = (4 ± 0.8) Ω
R2 = (4 ± 0.4) Ω
Equivalent resistance when the resistors are connected in parallel is given by

∴ The equivalent resistance in parallel combination is
Ans 3. Given, the length of the water pipe, L = 1 m
The cross-sectional area of the water pipe, A = 1 cm2 = 10−4 m2
The temperature of the ice = − 10∘C
Current passing in the conductor, I = 0.5 A
Resistance of the conductor, R = 4 kΩ
The latent heat of fusion for ice, Lf = 3.33 × 105 J/kg
The density of the ice, d = 1000 kg/m3
The specific heat of the ice, cp, ice = 2 ×× 103 J/kg
Heat required to melt the ice at 10∘C to 0∘C
= 35300 J
According to the Joule's law of heating,
H = I2Rt
⇒ 35300 = (0.5)2(4000) (t)
⇒ t = 35.3 s
Thus, the minimum time required to melt the ice is 35.3 s.
Ans 4. Given, the side of the cube, s = 0.5 m
Electric field, E = 150 y2ˆj
The direction of electric field is as shown in the below figure,
At bottom surface, y = 0
As we know that, the expression of electric flux,
ϕ = E . A cosθ
Here, E is the electric field passing through the cube and A is the surface area of the
cube. Substituting the values in the above equations, we get
= 150(0)2 . (0.25) × (−1) = 0

Hence, the electric flux is zero at the bottom surface.
At the top surface, y = 0.5 m
Electric field, E = 150 y2ˆj^ = 150(0.5)2 = 37.5 N/C
Electric flux at the top surface,
Here, Qin = net charge enclosed in the cube and ε0 = permittivity of the free space.
The charge inside the cube is 8.3 × 10-11 C.
Ans 5.
θ = 90∘
∴ϕ=0
Ans 6. On simplification
Ans 7.
0.02i Rg = 0.98i × 5
Rg = 245 Ω
Ans 8.
Ans 9.
(VD − V) C2 + (VD − 0) C3 = 0
(VD − V) 6 + (VD − 0) 12 = 0
VD − V + 2VD = 0
q1 : q2 : q3 = 2 : 4 : 4
q1 : q2 : q3 = 1 : 2 : 2
Ans 10.
4R = R
R = 1Ω
Ans 11. On simplifying circuit we get
No current in upper wire.
Ans 12. Consider a small ring of radius r and thickness dr on disc.

area of elemental ring on disc
dA = 2πrdr
charge on this ring dq = σdA
Ans 13.
500 watt at 100 v
P = Vi
500 = Vi
i = 5 Amp
V=i×R
R = 20
Ans 14.
Ans 15.
Ans 16. ρ = 200 Ωm

C = 2 × 10−12 F
V = 40 V
K = 56
Ans 17.
Ans 18.
Ans 19.
Let E be electric field in air
T sinθ = qE
T cosθ = mg
Ans 20.
q = CV
Ans 21.
Ans 22.
Ans 23.
Ans 24.
Current is constant in conductor

i = constant
if r decreases, E will increase : Vd will increase
Ans 25.
Potential difference across 2Ω resistor is 20 − V0
Ans 26.
Ans 27.
When a dielectric is inserted in a capacitor
Ans 28. Max. voltage that can be measured by this potentiometer will be equal to
potential drop across AB
RAB = 10 × 0.1 × 100 = 100 ohm.
Ans 29.
Taking an element of width dx at a distance x(x < d/2) from left plate
Capacitance of half of the capacitor
Capacitance of second half will be same
Ans 30. Given,

AC voltage, V(t) = 20 sin ωt volt.
Frequency, f = 50Hz
Separation between the plates, d = 2 mm = 2 × 10−3 m
Area, A = 1 m2
where, ε0ε0 = absolute electrical permittivity of free space =

8.854 × 10−12 N−1 kg2m−2
Ans 31. The given figure can be represented as
From the above figure, it can be clearly seen that the voltage across point R is
assumed as V.
Therefore, applying Kirchhoff's current law at point R, we can write
Therefore, current through 6Ω resistor is
Ans 32.
Ans 33.
Similarly,
after solving equation (1) & (2)

VD = 0.79 volt
VB = 0.86 volt
Then the current through the galvanometer
Ans 34.
Ans 35.
Ans 36.
Ans 37.
F = 1 × 10 × sin30
⇒ F = 2.3 N
Ans 38.
R0 = 1Ω
R1 = ?
l0 = 1m
l1 = 1.25 m
A0 = A
As volume of wire remains constant so
Now
So % change in resistance
Ans 39.
Net charge on electric dipole = + q − q = 0
Hence, according to Gauss's law,
Electric field due to electric dipole is non-zero and varies at point to point.
Hence, statement I is true.
Electric field due to charged solid sphere at a distance r from centre.
Hence, statement II is false
Hence, option (c) is the correct.
Ans 41.
Ans 42. When connected in parallel

Ceq = C1 + C2
When in series
∴ No solution exixts.
Ans 43.
Flux through surfaces ABEH, ADGH, ABCD will be zero.
Ans 44.
Then the ratio of kinetic energies
Ans 45.
Given, C1 = C2 = C
When both capacitors are connected in series, their equivalent capacitance will be
When both capacitors are connected in parallel, their equivalent capacitance will be
Cp = C + C = 2C
∴ The ratio of equivalent capacitance in series and parallel combination is
Ans 46. The circuit can be shown as below

The current through the circuit,
∴ Potential difference across points X and Y is
Ans 47.
On integrating both sides, we get
∴ q = 11250 C
Electric Charges and Coulomb's
TOPIC 1
Law
+Q
1. Three charges + Q, q, + Q are placed respectively, at
distance, d/2 and d from the origin, on the x-axis. If the net –Q
force experienced by + Q, placed at x = 0, is zero, then
value of q is: [9 Jan. 2019 I]
(a) – Q/4 (b) + Q/2 (c) + Q/4 (d) – Q/2
2. Charge is distributed within a sphere of radius R with a (a) s1 ¹ 0, Q1 = 0 (b) s1 ¹ 0, Q1 = 0
s2 = 0, Q2 = 0 s2 ¹ 0, Q2 = 0
A -2r a (c) s1 = 0, Q1 = 0 (d) s1 ¹ 0, Q1 ¹ 0
volume charge density p(r) = e where A and a
r2 s2 = 0, Q2 = 0 s2 ¹ 0, Q2 ¹ 0
are constants. If Q is the total charge of this charge 5. Two charges, each equal to q, are kept at x = – a and x = a
distribution, the radius R is: [9 Jan. 2019, II] q
on the x-axis. A particle of mass m and charge q 0 = is
2
æ ö placed at the origin. If charge q0 is given a small
æ Q ö a ç 1 ÷ displacement (y <<a) along the y-axis, the net force acting
(a) a log ç 1 - ÷ (b) log ç ÷ on the particle is proportional to [2013]
è 2 paA ø 2 çç 1 - Q ÷÷
è 2paA ø 1 1
(a) y (b) –y (c) (d) –
y y
æ ö 6. Two balls of same mass and carrying equal charge are
ç 1 ÷ a æ Q ö hung from a fixed support of length l. At electrostatic
(c) a log ç ÷ (d) log ç 1 - ÷ equilibrium, assuming that angles made by each thread is
çç 1 - Q ÷÷ 2 è 2paA ø small, the separation, x between the balls is proportional
è 2paA ø to : [Online April 9, 2013]
3. Two identical conducting spheres A and B, carry equal (a) l (b) l 2 (c) l 2/3 (d) l 1/3
charge. They are separated by a distance much larger than 7. Two identical charged spheres suspended from a common
their diameter, and the force between them is F. A third point by two massless strings of length l are initially a
distance d(d << l) apart because of their mutual repulsion.
identical conducting sphere, C, is uncharged. Sphere C is
The charge begins to leak from both the spheres at a
first touched to A, then to B, and then removed. As a constant rate. As a result charges approach each other
result, the force between A and B would be equal to with a velocity v. Then as a function of distance x between
[Online April 16, 2018] them, [2011]
3F F 3F (a) v µ x–1 (b) v µ x½ (c) v µ x (d) v µ x–½
(a) (b) (c) F (d) 8. A charge Q is placed at each of the opposite corners of a
4 2 8
square. A charge q is placed at each of the other two
4. Shown in the figure are two point charges +Q and –Q
corners. If the net electrical force on Q is zero, then Q/q
inside the cavity of a spherical shell. The charges are kept
equals: [2009]
near the surface of the cavity on opposite sides of the
1
centre of the shell. If s1 is the surface charge on the inner (a) –1 (b) 1 (c) - (d) -2 2
surface and Q1 net charge on it and s2 the surface charge 2
9. If gE and gM are the accelerations due to gravity on the
on the outer surface and Q2 net charge on it then :
surfaces of the earth and the moon respectively and if
[Online April 10, 2015]
Millikan’s oil drop experiment could be performed on the
P-236 Physics
two surfaces, one will find the ratio [2007] 1 Qq 1 Qq

electronic charge on the moon
(a) F = for r < R (b) > F > 0 for r < R
to be 4pe0 R 2 4pe 0 R 2
electronic charge on the earth
1 Qq 1 Qq
(a) gM / g E (b) 1 (c) 0 (d) g E / g M (c) F = for r > R (d) F = for all r
4pe0 R 2 4pe0 R 2
10. Two spherical conductors B and C having equal radii and 15. Two charged thin infinite plane sheets of uniform surface
carrying equal charges on them repel each other with a
charge density s + and s – , where | s + | > | s – |, intersect
force F when kept apart at some distance. A third spherical
conductor having same radius as that B but uncharged is at right angle. Which of the following best represents the
brought in contact with B, then brought in contact with C electric field lines for this system ? [Sep. 04, 2020 (I)]
s–
and finally removed away from both. The new force of
repulsion between B and C is [2004]
(a) F/8 (b) 3 F/4 (c) F/4 (d) 3 F/8
11. Three charges –q1 , +q2 and –q3 are place as shown in the
figure. The x - component of the force on –q 1 is (a) s+
proportional to [2003]
Y
q3
s–
a
b
(b) s+
q1 +q 2 X
q2 q3 q 2 q3
(a) 2 - 2 cos q (b) 2 + sin q
b a b a2 s–
q q q q
(c) 2 + 3 cos q (d) 2 - 3 sin q
2
a2
2 2
b a b
12. If a charge q is placed at the centre of the line joining two
equal charges Q such that the system is in equilibrium (c) s+
then the value of q is [2002]
(a) Q/2 (b) –Q/2 (c) Q/4 (d) –Q/4
Electric Field and Electric Field s–

TOPIC 2
Lines
13. Charges Q1 and Q2 are at points A and B of a right angle
triangle OAB (see figure). The resultant electric field at (d) s+
point O is perpendicular to the hypotenuse, then Q1/Q2 is
proportional to : [Sep. 06, 2020 (I)]
A
Q1
16. A particle of charge q and mass m is subjected to an electric
x1 field E = E0 (1 – ax2) in the x-direction, where a and E0 are
constants. Initially the particle was at rest at x = 0. Other
Q2 than the initial position the kinetic energy of the particle
O x2 B becomes zero when the distance of the particle from the
origin is : [Sep. 04, 2020 (II)]
x13 x2 x1 x2 2
(a) (b) (c) (d) 2 3 1
x23 x1 x2 x12 (a) a (b) (c) (d)
a a a
14. Consider the force F on a charge ‘q’ due to a uniformly 17. A charged particle (mass m and charge q) moves along X
charged spherical shell of radius R carrying charge Q dis- axis with velocity V0. When it passes through the origin it
tributed uniformly over it. Which one of the following state- r
enters a region having uniform electric field E = - Ejˆ which
ments is true for F, if ‘q’ is placed at distance r from the
extends upto x = d. Equation of path of electron in the
centre of the shell? [Sep. 06, 2020 (II)]
region x > d is : [Sep. 02, 2020 (I)]
Y ur
20. An electric dipole of moment p = (iˆ - 3 ˆj + 2kˆ) ´ 10-29 C.m
E is at the origin (0, 0, 0). The electric field due to this dipole
O X r
V0 at r = +iˆ + 3 ˆj + 5kˆ
d r ur
(note that r . p = 0) is parallel to: [9 Jan. 2020, I]
qEd qEd æ d ö (a) (+iˆ - 3 ˆj - 2kˆ) (b) (-iˆ + 3 ˆj - 2kˆ)

(a) y = (x - d ) (b) y = 2 ç
- x÷
mV02 mV0 è 2 ø (c) (+iˆ + 3 ˆj - 2kˆ) (d) (-iˆ - 3 ˆj + 2kˆ)
qEd qEd 2 21. A charged particle of mass ‘m’ and charge ‘q’ moving under
(c) y = x (d) y = x
mV02 mV02 the influence of uniform electric field Eiˆ and a uniform
18. A small point mass carrying some positive charge on it, is r
magnetic field Bk follows a trajectory from point P to Q as
released from the edge of a table. There is a uniform electric shown in figure. The velocities at P and Q are respectively,
field in this region in the horizontal direction. Which of the r r
following options then correctly describe the trajectory of vi and -2vj . Then which of the following statements
the mass ? (Curves are drawn schematically and are not to (A, B, C, D) are the correct? (Trajectory shown is
scale). [Sep. 02, 2020 (II)] schematic and not to scale) [9 Jan. 2020, I]
E Y
x
E
P B
v
y a
y y
O X
2a Q
(a) (b)
2v
x x
3 æ mv 2 ö
y y (A) E = 4 çç qa ÷÷
è ø
(c) (d) 3 æ mv 2 ö
x x (B) Rate of work done by the electric field at P is 4 çç a ÷÷
è ø
19. Consider a sphere of radius R which carries a uniform (C) Rate of work done by both the fields at Q is zero
R (D) The difference between the magnitude of angular
charge density r. If a sphere of radius is carved out of
2 momentum of the particle at P and Q is 2 mav.
ur
EA (a) (A), (C), (D) (b) (B), (C), (D)
it, as shown, the ratio ur of magnitude of electric (c) (A), (B), (C) (d) (A), (B), (C) , (D)
EB
ur ur 22. Three charged particles
field E A and E B , respectively, at points A and B due to y
the remaining portion is: [9 Jan. 2020, I] 2q –4q
B d A
150° d
30° x
O 30°
d
C
–2q
A, B and C with charges – 4q, 2q and –2q are present on

the circumference of a circle of radius d. The charged
particles A, C and centre O of the circle formed an
equilateral triangle as shown in figure. Electric field at O
along x-direction is: [8 Jan. 2020, I]
21 18 17 18 3q 2 3q 3q 3 3q
(a) (b) (c) (d) (a) (b) (c) (d)
34 34 54 54 p Î0 d 2
p Î0 d 2
4p Î0 d 2
4p Î0 d 2
P-238 Physics
23. A particle of mass m and charge q is released from rest in 27. Four point charges –q, +q, + q and –q are placed on y-axis
a uniform electric field. If there is no other force on the at y = –2d, y = –d, y = +d and y = +2d, respectively. The
particle, the dependence of its speed v on the distance x magnitude of the electric field E at a point on the x-axis at
travelled by it is correctly given by (graphs are schematic x = D, with D>> d, will behave as: [9 April 2019, II]
and not drawn to scale) [8 Jan. 2020, II]
1 1 1 1
(a) E µ 3 (b) E µ (c) E µ 4 (d) E µ 2
D D D D
v v
28. The bob of a simple pendulum has mass 2 g and a charge
(a) (b) of 5.0 ¼C. It is at rest in a uniform horizontal electric field
x x of intensity 2000 V/m. At equilibrium, the angle that the
pendulum makes with the vertical is : [8 April 2019 I]
v v (take g = 10 m/s2)
(c) (d) (a) tan–1 (2.0) (b) tan –1 (0.2)
(c) tan–1 (5.0) (d) tan –1 (0.5)
x x
24. Two infinite planes each with uniform surface charge 29. For a uniformly charged ring of radius R, the electric field
density +s are kept in such a way that the angle between on its axis has the largest magnitude at a distance h from
them is 30°. The electric field in the region shown between its centre. Then value of h is: [9 Jan. 2019 I]
them is given by: [7 Jan. 2020, I] R R
(a) (b) (c) R (d) R 2
y 5 2
30. Two point charges q1 ( 10 mC) and q2 (– 25 mC) are
30°
x placed on the x-axis at x = 1 m and x = 4 m respectively.
s é xˆ ù s é æ 3ö xˆ ù The electric field (in V/m) at a point y = 3 m on y-axis
(a) ê (1 + 3) yˆ - ú (b) êç1 + ÷ yˆ + ú is, [9 Jan 2019, II]
2 Î0 ë 2û Î0 ëêè 2 ø 2 ûú
é 1 ù
s éæ 3ö xˆ ù ê take = 9 ´ 109 Nm 2 C -2 ú
(c)
s é
2 Î0 ëê ( ) xˆ ù
1 + 3 yˆ + ú (d)
2û
êç1 -
2 Î0 ëêè ÷
2 ø
yˆ - ú
2 ûú
ë 4p Î0 û
25. A particle of mass m and charge q has an initial velocity (a) (63 î – 27 ĵ ) × 102 (b) (– 63 î + 27 ĵ ) × 102
r r r
v = v0 $j . If an electric field E = E0 i and magnetic field (c) (81 î – 81 ĵ ) × 102 (d) (–81 î + 81 ĵ ) × 102
r 31. A body of mass M and charge q is connected to a spring
B = B0iˆ act on the particle, its speed will double after a of spring constant k. It is oscillating along x-direction about
time: [7 Jan 2020, II] its equilibrium position, taken to be at x = 0, with an
2mv0 3mv0 3mv0 2mv0 amplitude A. An electric field E is applied along the
(a) qE (b) qE (c) (d) qE0 x-direction. Which of the following statements is correct?
0 0 qE0
[Online April 15, 2018]
26. A simple pendulum of length L is placed between the
plates of a parallel plate capacitor having electric field E, 1 1 q2 E2
(a) The total energy of the system is mw2 A2 +
as shown in figure. Its bob has mass m and charge q. The 2 2 k
time period of the pendulum is given by : 2qE
(b) The new equilibrium position is at a distance:
[10 April 2019, II] k
from x = 0
qE
(c) The new equilibrium position is at a distance:
2k
from x = 0
2 2
1 2 2 1q E
(d) The total energy of the system is mw A –
2 2 k
32. A solid ball of radius R has a charge density r given by
æ rö
L L r = r0 ç1 - ÷ for 0 £ r £ R. The electric field outside
2p 2p è Rø
(a) æ qE ö (b) q2 E2
çg+ ÷ g2 - the ball is: [Online April 15, 2018]
è m ø m2
r0 R 3 4r0 R 3 3r 0 R 3 r0 R 3
L L (a) (b) (c) (d)
2p 2p e0 r 2 3e 0 r 2 4e 0 r 2 12e0 r 2
2
(c) æ qE ö (d) æ qE ö
çg- ÷ g2 + ç ÷
è m ø è m ø
33. A long cylindrical shell carries positive surface charge s in 37. The magnitude of the average electric field normally
the upper half and negative surface charge - s in the lower present in the atmosphere just above the surface of the
half. The electric field lines around the cylinder will look Earth is about 150 N/C, directed inward towards the center
like figure given in : (figures are schematic and not drawn of the Earth. This gives the total net surface charge carried
to scale) [2015] by the Earth to be: [Online April 9, 2014]
[Given eo = 8.85 × 10–12 C2/N-m2, RE = 6.37 × 106 m]
(a) (b) (a) + 670 kC (b) – 670 kC
(c) – 680 kC (d) + 680 kC
38. The surface charge density of a thin charged disc of radius
(c) (d) C ield Lines R is s. The value of the electric field at the centre of the
s
34. A wire of length L (=20 cm), is bent into a semicircular disc is . With respect to the field at the centre, the
2 Î0
arc. If the two equal halves of the arc were each to be
uniformly charged with charges ± Q, [|Q| = 103e0 electric field along the axis at a distance R from the centre
Coulomb where e0 is the permittivity (in SI units) of free of the disc : [Online April 25, 2013]
space] the net electric field at the centre O of the (a) reduces by 70.7% (b) reduces by 29.3%
semicircular arc would be : [Online April 11, 2015] (c) reduces by 9.7% (d) reduces by 14.6%
Y 39. A liquid drop having 6 excess electrons is kept stationary
under a uniform electric field of 25.5 kVm–1. The density of
liquid is 1.26 × 103 kg m–3. The radius of the drop is (neglect
buoyancy). [Online April 23, 2013]
(a) 4.3 × 10–7 m (b) 7.8 × 10–7 m
(c) 0.078 × 10–7 m (d) 3.4 × 10–7 m
O X O
40. In a uniformly charged sphere of total charge Q and radius
(a) (50 × 10 N/C) $j
3
(b) (50 × 103 N/C) $i R, the electric field E is plotted as function of distance
(c) (25 × 103 N/C) $j (d) (25 × 103 N/C) $i from the centre, The graph which would correspond to the
35. A thin disc of radius b = 2a has a concentric hole of radius above will be: [2012]
‘a’ in it (see figure). It carries uniform surface charge ‘s’
on it. If the electric field on its axis at height ‘h’ (h << a) E(r) E(r)
from its centre is given as ‘Ch’ then value of ‘C’ is :
[Online April 10, 2015] (a) (b)
s
(a) r
4aÎ0 r
s
(b)
8aÎ0
E(r)
s E(r)
(c)
aÎ0 (c) (d)
s
(d) r
2aÎ0 r
36. A spherically symmetric charge distribution is characterised 41. Three positive charges of equal value q are placed at
by a charge density having the following variations: vertices of an equilateral triangle. The resulting lines of
æ rö force should be sketched as in [Online May 26, 2012]
r ( r ) = ro ç1 - ÷ for r < R
è Rø
r(r) = 0 for r ³ R
Where r is the distance from the centre of the charge
distribution ro is a constant. The electric field at an internal (a) (b)
point (r < R) is: [Online April 12, 2014]
ro æ r r 2 ö ro æ r r 2 ö
(a) ç - ÷ (b) ç - ÷
4eo çè 3 4R ÷ø eo çè 3 4R ÷ø
(c) (d)
ro æ r r 2 ö ro æ r r 2 ö
(c) ç - ÷ (d) ç - ÷
3eo çè 3 4R ÷ø 12eo çè 3 4R ÷ø
P-240 Physics
42. A thin semi-circular ring of radius r has a positive charge q E(r)

ur E(r)
distributed uniformly over it. The net field E at the centre
O is [2010]
j (a) (b) r
r O R
O R
E(r) E(r)
i
O
q ˆj q ˆj
(a) 2 2 (b) -
4p e 0 r 4p e 0 r 2
2
(c) r (d)
O R r
q ˆ q ˆj O R
(c) - 2 2 j (d)
2p e 0 r 2p e 0 r 2
2
43. Let there be a spherically symmetric charge distribution 47. Two spherical conductors A and B of radii 1 mm and 2 mm
are separated by a distance of 5 cm and are uniformly
æ5 rö charged. If the spheres are connected by a conducting
with charge density varying as r(r ) = r0 çè - ÷ø upto r
4 R wire then in equilibrium condition, the ratio of the
= R , and r(r ) = 0 for r > R , where r is the distance from magnitude of the electric fields at the surfaces of spheres
A and B is [2006]
the origin. The electric field at a distance r(r < R) from the
(a) 4 : 1 (b) 1 : 2 (c) 2 : 1 (d) 1 : 4
origin is given by [2010]
48. Two point charges + 8q and – 2q are located at
r0 r æ 5 r ö 4pr0 r æ 5 r ö x = 0 and x = L respectively. The location of a point on the
(a) ç - ÷ (b) 3e çè 3 - R ÷ø
4e 0 è 3 R ø 0 x axis at which the net electric field due to these two point
r0 r æ 5 r ö r0 r æ 5 r ö charges is zero is [2005]
(c) ç - ÷ (d) 3ε çè 4 - ÷ø
4ε0 è 4 R ø 0 R L
(a) (b) 2 L (c) 4 L (d) 8 L
44. This question contains Statement-1 and Statement-2. Of 4
the four choices given after the statements, choose the 49. A charged ball B hangs from a silk thread S, which makes
one that best describes the two statements. an angle q with a large charged conducting sheet P, as
Statement-1 : For a charged particle moving from point P
shown in the figure. The surface charge density s of the
to point Q, the net work done by an electrostatic field on
sheet is proportional to [2005]
the particle is independent of the path connecting point P
to point Q.
Statement-2 : The net work done by a conservative force
on an object moving along a closed loop is zero. [2009] P
(a) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 q
is the correct explanation of Statement-1. S
(b) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2
is not the correct explanation of Statement-1.
(c) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true. B
(d) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false.
Q (a) cot q (b) cos q (c) tan q (d) sin q
45. Let r (r ) = r be the charge density distribution for 50. Four charges equal to -Q are placed at the four corners of
p R4 a square and a charge q is at its centre. If the system is in
a solid sphere of radius R and total charge Q. For a point equilibrium the value of q is [2004]
‘P’ inside the sphere at distance r1 from the centre of the
sphere, the magnitude of electric field is : [2009] Q Q
(a) - (1 + 2 2) (b) (1 + 2 2)
Q Qr1 2 2 4
(a) 2 (b)
4p Î0 r1 4p Î0 R4 Q Q
(c) - (1 + 2 2) (d) (1 + 2 2)
4 2
Qr12
(c) (d) 0 51. A charged oil drop is suspended in a uniform field of 3×104
3p Î0 R4 v/m so that it neither falls nor rises. The charge on the
46. A thin spherical shell of radus R has charge Q spread drop will be (Take the mass of the charge = 9.9×10–15 kg
uniformly over its surface. Which of the following graphs and g = 10 m/s2) [2004]
most closely represents the electric field E(r) produced by (a) 1.6×10–18 C (b) 3.2×10–18 C
the shell in the range 0 £ r < ¥, where r is the distance from (c) 3.3×10–18 C (d) 4.8×10–18 C
the centre of the shell? [2008]
(a) surface change density on the inner surface is uniform

Electric Dipole, Electric Flux
TOPIC 3 and Gauss's Law Q/2
and equal to
4 pa 2
52. Two identical electric point dipoles have dipole moments (b) electric field outside the shell is the same as that of a
® ® point charge at the centre of the shell.
P1 = P$i and P2 = - P$i and are held on the x axis at distance (c) surface charge density on the outer surface depends
‘a’ from each other. When released, they move along x- r
on P
axis with the direction of their dipole moments remaining
(d) surface charge density on the inner surface of the
unchanged. If the mass of each dipole is ‘m’, their speed
shell is zero everywhere.-
when they are infinitely far apart is : [Sep. 06, 2020 (II)]
56. Let a total charge 2 Q be distributed in a sphere of radius
P 1 P 1 R, with the charge density given by r(r) = kr, where r is
(a) (b) the distance from the centre. Two charges A and B, of – Q
a pe 0 ma a 2pe 0 ma
each, are placed on diametrically opposite points, at equal
P 2 P 2 distance, a, from the centre. If A and B do not experience
(c) (d)
a pe 0 ma a 2 pe 0 ma any force, then. [12 April 2019, II]
ur 3R
53. An electric field E = 4 xiˆ - ( y 2 + 1) ˆj N/C passes through (a) a = 8–1/4 R (b) a =
the box shown in figure. The flux of the electric field 21/ 4
through surfaces ABCD and BCGF are marked as f1 and (c) a = 2–1/4 R (d)
a = R/ 3
f11 respectively. The difference between (f1 – f11) is (in
57. An electric dipole is formed by two equal and opposite
Nm2/C) _______. [9 Jan 2020, II]
charges q with separation d. The charges have same mass
z
m. It is kept in a uniform electric field E. If it is slightly
A (0, 0, 2) B
(3, 0, 2)
rotated from its equilibrium orientation, then its angular
frequency w is : [8 April 2019, II]
D C
(0, 2, 2)
(3, 2, 2) qE 2qE qE qE
E F (a) (b) (c) 2 (d)
x md md md 2md
(0, 0, 0) (3, 0, 0)
H G
58. An electric field of 1000 V/m is applied to an electric dipole
(0, 2, 0) (3, 2, 0)
at angle of 45°. The value of electric dipole moment is
y 10–29 C.m. What is the potential energy of the electric
54. In finding the electric field using Gauss law the formula dipole? [11 Jan 2019, II]
r q (a) –20 × 10–18 J (b) –7 × 10 –27 J
| E | = enc is applicable. In the formula Î is (c) –10 × 10–29 J (d) – 9 × 10–20 J
Î | A|
0
0
permittivity of free space, A is the area of Gaussian surface 59. Charges – q and + q located at A and B, respectively,
and qenc is charge enclosed by the Gaussian surface. This constitute an electric dipole. Distance AB = 2a, O is the
equation can be used in which of the following situation? mid point of the dipole and OP is perpendicular to AB.
A charge Q is placed at P where OP = y and y >> 2a. The
[8 Jan 2020, I]
charge Q experiences an electrostatic force F. If Q is now
(a) Only when the Gaussian surface is an equipotential moved along the equatorial line to P¢ such that OP¢
surface.
Only when the Gaussian surface is an æ yö æy ö
r = ç ÷ , the force on Q will be close to: ç >> 2a ÷
3
è ø è 3 ø
(b) equipotential surface and | E | is constant on the surface. P [10 Jan 2019, II]
r
(c) Only when | E | = constant on the surface.
(d) For any choice of Gaussian surface.
55. Shown in the figure is a shell made of a conductor. It has
inner radius a and outer radius b, and carries charge Q. At Q P¢
ur
its centre is a dipole p as shown. In this case : O
A B
[12 April 2019, I] –q +q
F
(a) 3 F (b) (c) 9 F (d) 27 F
3
P-242 Physics
60. A charge Q is placed at a distance a/2 above the centre of the through a circular surface of radius 0.02 m parallel to the Y-
square surface of edge a as shown in the figure. The electric Z plane is nearly: [Online April 19, 2014]
flux through the square surface is: (a) 0.125 Nm2/C (b) 0.02 Nm2/C
[Online April 15, 2018] (c) 0.005 Nm /C 2 (d) 3.14 Nm2/C
ur ur
Q 65. Two point dipoles of dipole moment p1 and p 2 are at a
(a) 3e P ur ur
0 distance x from each other and p1 || p 2 . The force between
a/2
Q the dipoles is : [Online April 9, 2013]
(b) 6e 1 4 p1 p2 1 3 p1 p2
0 (a) (b)
4pe0 x 4 4pe0 x3
Q
(c) 2e 1 6 p1 p2 1 8 p1 p2
0 (c) (d)
4pe0 x 4 4pe0 x 4
Q a
66. The flat base of a hemisphere of radius a with no charge
(d) e inside it lies in a horizontal plane. A uniform electric field
0
ur ® p
61. An electric dipole has a fixed dipole moment p , which E is applied at an angle with the vertical direction. The
4
makes angle q with respect to x-axis. When subjected to
uur ur electric flux through the curved surface of the hemisphere
an electric field E1 = Eiˆ , it experiences a torque T1 = t iˆ . is [Online May 19, 2012]
uur
When subjected to another electric field E2 = 3E1 ˆj it 45° ®
uur ur E
experiences torque T2 = -T1 . The angle q is : [2017]
(a) 60° (b) 90° (c) 30° (d) 45°
62. Four closed surfaces and corresponding charge distribu-
tions are shown below. [Online April 9, 2017]
5q
q 8q
2q –q 3q
–2q
q q q q pa2 E
–4q (a) pa2 E (b)
S1 S2 S3 2
S4
Let the respective electric fluxes through the surfaces be pa2 E
( p + 2) pa 2 E
F 1, F 2, F 3, and F 4. Then : (c)
2 2
(d)
2 2 (
2
)
(a) F 1< F2 = F 3 > F4 (b) F 1> F2 > F 3 > F4 67. An electric dipole is placed at an angle of 30° to a non-
(c) F 1= F2 = F 3 = F4 (d) F 1> F 3 ; F 2 < F4 uniform electric field. The dipole will experience [2006]
63. The region between two concentric spheres of radii 'a' and (a) a translational force only in the direction of the field
'b', respectively (see figure), have volume charge density (b) a translational force only in a direction normal to
A the direction of the field
r= , where A is a constant and r is the distance from
r (c) a torque as well as a translational force
the centre. At the centre of the spheres is a point charge (d) a torque only
Q. The value of A such that the electric field in the region
between the spheres will be constant, is: [2016] 68. If the electric flux entering and leaving an enclosed surface
respectively is f1 and f2, the electric charge inside the surface
will be [2003]
(a) (f2 – f1)eo (b) (f1 – f2)/eo
a
(c) (f2 – f1)/eo (d) (f1 – f2)eo
Q
b 69. A charged particle q is placed at the centre O of cube of
length L (A B C D E F G H). Another same charge q is
placed at a distance L from O. Then the electric flux
2Q 2Q through ABCD is E F
[2002]
( )
(a) (b)
p a -b2 2
pa 2 D
c
O
q q
Q Q H
( )
(c) (d) G
2 pa 2 2 p b2 - a 2 A
B
L
64. The electric field in a region of space is given by,
r (a) q /4 p Î0 L (b) zero
E = Eoî + 2Eoˆj where Eo = 100 N/C. The flux of the field (c) q/2 p Î0 L (d) q/3 p Î0 L
d y
1. (a) Fa Fb
+Q d/2 q d/2 +Q F F
Force due to charge + Q, 5. (a) x
q a a q
KQQ
Fa = 2
d Þ F sin q
Force due to charge q, F sin q
KQq
Fb = 2F cos q
2
ædö Þ Fnet = 2F cosq
ç ÷
è2ø
For equilibrium, æqö
2kq ç ÷
r r è2ø y
Fa + Fb = 0 Fnet = 2
×
æ y2 + a2 ö y + a2
2
kQQ kQq ç ÷
Þ + Q è ø
= 0 \q = -
d2 ( d / 2) 2
4 æqö
2kq ç ÷ y
2
Fnet = 2 è 2 ø 3/2
R
A –2r/a
2. (b) Q = ò rdv = ò
r2
e ( 4pr 2dr ) (y +a )
(Q y << a)
0
kq2 y
R
æ ö
R
ç e –2r/a ÷ Þ So, F µ y
= 4 pA ò e dr = 4 p A ç
–2r/a
÷ a3
0 ç –2 ÷ 6. (d)
è a ø0
æ aö
(
= 4pA ç – ÷ e –2R/a –1
è 2ø
) l
q
Q = 2paA(1–e–2R/a) dr
Tcos q
q
æ ö
ç ÷ r Tsin q
a 1 q Fe
R = log ç ÷ q
ç 1– Q ÷
2 x
è 2paA ø
mg
3. (d) Spheres A and B carry equal charge say 'q'
In equilibrium, Fe = T sin q
kqq
\ Force between them, F = 2 mg = T cos q
r
q
When A and C are touched, charge on both q A = q C = Fe q2
2 tan q = =
Then when B and C are touched, charge on B mg 4p Î0 x 2 ´ mg
q
+q x/2
3q also tan q » sin =
qB = 2 = l
2 4
Now, the force between charge qA and qB x q2
q 3q Hence, 2l =
´ k´ 2 4p Î0 x 2 ´ mg
kq A q B 2 4 = 3 kq = 3 F
F' = = 2q 2 l
r2 r2 8 r2 8 Þ x3 =
4. (c) Inside the cavity net charge is zero. 4p Î0 mg
\ Q1 = 0 and s1 = 0 æ q2l ö
1/3
There is no effect of point charges +Q, –Q and induced \ x = çç ÷÷

charge on inner surface on the outer surface. è 2p Î0 mg ø
\ Q2 = 0 and s2 = 0 Therefore x µ l1/3
P-244 Physics
7. (d) From figure x is distance between the spheres. When third spherical
T cos q = mg ....(i) conductor comes in contact with B charge on B is halved
T sin q = Fe ....(ii) Q Q
i.e., and charge on third sphere becomes . Now it is
2 2
Dividing equation (ii) by (i), we get
touched to C, charge then equally distributes themselves
sin q Fe to make potential same, hence charge on C becomes
Þ cos q = mg Þ Fe = mg tan q
æ Q ö 1 3Q
.
kq 2 x 2mg tan q çè Q + ÷ø =
Þ = mg tan q Þ q2 = 2 2 4
x2 k
Since q is small æ 3Q ö æ Q ö
QC¢ QB¢ ç ÷ç ÷ 3 Q2
4 øè 2 ø
\ tan q » sin q =
x \ Fnew = k =kè = k
2l x2 x2 8 x2
x 3mg 3
\ q2 = Þ q2 µ x3/2 or Fnew = F
2 kl 8
11. (b) Force applied by charge q2 on q1
qq
l q l F12 = k 1 22
Tcosq b
Force applied by charge q3 on q1
T
q Tsinq
Fe qq F12
x F13 = k 1 23
a F13 sin q
mg The X-component of net q
force (Fx) on
dq 3 dx 3 q1 is F12 + F13 sin q
Þ a x = xV
dt 2 dt 2 qq qq
\ Fx = k 1 22 + k 1 22 sin q
dq b a F13
Since = const. F13cos q
dt q q
Þ v µ x–1/2 [Q q2 µ x3] \ Fx µ 22 + 32 sin q
8. (d) Let F be the force between Q and Q. The force b a
between q and Q should be attractive for net force on Q to 12. (d) At equilibrium net force is zero,
be zero. Let F¢ be the force between Q and q. The resultant Q ´Q Qq
of F¢ and F¢ is R. For equilibrium \k 2
+k 2 =0
p(q)
(2 x ) x
A(Q)
x x
l R F¢ Q q Q
Q
Q
Þ q=-
D(q) 4
F¢ C
F kQ2
Net force on Q at C is zero. 13. (c) Electric field due charge Q2, E2 =
r r x22
\ R+ F = 0 Þ 2 F¢ = -F
kQ1
Qq Q2 Electric field due charge Q1, E1 =
Þ 2´k = -k x12
2 2
l ( 2 l) Q1 A
Q
Þ = -2 2
q
x1
9. (b) It is obvious that by charge conservaiton law,
electronic charge does not depend on acceleration due to q
gravity as it is a universal constant. O 90–q q
E2 Q2
So, electronic charge on earth x2 B
= electronic charge on moon q
\ Required ratio = 1. Enet E1
C From figure,
B
10. (d) × E x kQ2 x
r r tan q = 2 = 1 Þ = 1
E1 x2 kQ x2
Q Q x22 ´ 21
Initial force, F = K B 2 C x1
x
y
Q2 x12 x1 Q x Q x v0
Þ 2
= Þ 2 = 2 or, 1 = 1 . t=0
Q1 x2 x 2 Q1 x1 Q2 x 2
14. (c) For spherical shell
1 Q
E= (if r ³ R ) (d, –y0)
4pe 0 r 2
=0 (if r < R) P q vx
vy vnet
Force on charge in electried field, F = qE
\F = 0 (For r < R) vy qEt0 æ d ö
tan q = = , çt = ÷
1 Qq vx m × v0 è v0 ø
F= (For r > R)
4pe 0 r 2
15. (c) The electric field produced due to uniformly charged qEd , Slope = - qEd
tan q =
infinite plane is uniform. So option (b) and (d) are wrong. m × v02 mv02
And +ve charge density s+ is bigger in magnitude so its r
field along Y direction will be bigger than field of –ve charge No electric field Þ Fnet = 0, v = const.
density s– in X direction. Hence option (c) is correct.
–s ì qEd ü
E1 ïm = ï
ER ER –s y = mx + c, í mv02 ý
E1 ï(d , - y ) ï
E î 0 þ
E
E2 E2 -qEd qEd 2
+s - y0 = , d + c Þ c = - y0 +
+s mv02 mv02
1
E - qEd qEd 2
E y= x - y0 +
mv02 mv02
16. (c) Given,
2
Electric field, E = E0 (1 - x 2 ) 1 qE æ d ö 1 qEd 2
y0 = × =
2 m çè v0 ÷ø 2 mv02
\ Force, F = qE = qE0 (1 - x2 )
- qEdx 1 qEd 2 qEd 2
y= - +
dv æ dv ö mv02 2 mv02 mv02
Also, F = ma = mv çèQ a = v ÷ø
dx dx
- qEd 1 qEd 2 qEd æ d ö
dv y= + Þy= 2 ç
- x÷
\ mv = qE0 (1 - x 2 ) mv0 2
2 mv0 2
mv0 è 2 ø
dx 18. (d) Net force acting on the particle,
qE0 (1 - x 2 )dx r
Þ v dv = F = qEiˆ + mgjˆ
m Net acceleration of particle is constant, initial velocity is
Integrating both sides we get, zero therefore path is straight line.
v x 2E
qE0 (1 - x 2 )dx ax =
Þ ò v dv = ò
m m
0 0
v 2 qE0 æ 9 x3 ö
Þ = çç x - ÷=0 2
2 m è 3 ÷ø a=
æ 2E ö 2
çè ÷ +g
ay = g mø
3
Þx= æ Rö
a 19. (b) Electric field at A ç R ' = ÷
è 2ø
17. (b) Fx = 0, ax = 0, (v)x = constant
q
d E A .ds =
Time taken to reach at ' P ' = = t0 (let) ...(i) e0
v0 B A
3
4 æRö
1 qE 2 r´ p ç ÷
(Along – y), y0 = 0 + × × t0 ...(ii) r 3 è2ø 3R
2 m Þ EA = R/2
2 2
æRö
e 0 × 4p ç ÷
è2ø
P-246 Physics
r s ( R / 2 ) æ sR ö Electric field due to charge +2q at centre O

Þ EA = =ç ÷
3e0 r 2q é 3iˆ – ˆj ù
è 6e 0 ø E1 =
1
´ 2ê ú
Electric fields at ‘B’ 4pe0 d ë 2 û
3 Electric field due to charge –2q at centre O
4 4 æRö
r k ´ r´ pR 3 k ´ r´ p ç ÷ r
3 3 è2ø 1 2q é 3iˆ – ˆj ù
EB = - E2 = ´ 2ê ú
2 2 4pe 0 d ë 2 û
R æ 3R ö
ç ÷ Electric field due to charge –4q at centre O
è 2 ø
r 1 4q é 3iˆ + ˆj ù
r sR æ 1 ö ( s ) 4p æ R ö
3
E3 = ´ 2ê ú
Þ EB = -ç ÷ ç ÷ 4pe0 d ë 2 û
3e 0 è 4pe0 ø æ 3R ö2 3 è 2 ø
\ Net electric field at point O
ç ÷
è 2 ø r r r r 3q ˆ
r E0 = E1 + E2 + E3 = i
sR sR pe 0 d 2
Þ EB = -
3e0 54e 0 v
23. (b)
17 æ sR ö
Þ EB = ç ÷
54 è e0 ø
E A 1´ 54 æ 9 ö 9 2 18
= =ç ÷= ´ = x
EB 6 ´17 è 17 ø 17 2 34
Using
r r v2 – u2 = 2aS ...(i)
20. (c) Since r × p = 0
Here, u = 0, s = x
r r
E must be antiparallel to p Also, Felectric = ma
qE qE
(
\ Ê is parallel to iˆ + 3 ˆj - 2kˆ ) Þ qE = ma Þ a =
m
Þ a=
m
21. (c) (A) By work energy theorem Substituting the values in (i) we get
1 2 1
2qE
Wmg + Wele = m ( 2v ) - m ( v )
2 v2 = .x
2 2 m
3 mv2 24. (d) E1 y

3
0 + qE0 2a = mv 2 Þ E0 = P +s
2 4 qa 60°
E2 30°
(B) Rate of work done at P = power of electric force x
3 +s
3 mv
= qE0V = From figure,
4 a
r s r s
dw E1 = yˆ and E2 = (– cos 60° xˆ – sin 60° yˆ )
(C) At, Q, = 0 for both the fields 2e 0 2e0
dt
(D) The difference of magnitude of angular momentum s æ 1 3 ö
= çç – xˆ – yˆ ÷
of the particle at P and Q, 2e 0 è 2 2 ÷ø
r
( ) (
DL = - m2v 2akˆ - -mvakˆ ) Electric field in the region shown in figure (P)
r r r r s é 1 æ 3ö ù
DL = 3mva EP = E1 + E2 = ê – xˆ + çç 1– ÷ yˆ ú
2e0 ëê 2 è 2 ÷ø ûú
22. (a) y-axis
r s éæ 3ö xˆ ù
or, E P = êçç1 – ÷÷ yˆ – ú
+ 2q –4q 2e 0 êëè 2 ø 2 úû
B A
150° d 25. (c) In the x direction
30°
Fx = qE
x-axis Þ max = qE
O 30°
E q
Þ ax = 0
C m
–2q
For speed to be double,
29. (b) Electric field on the axis of a ring of radius R at a

v02 + v x2 = (2v0 )2 distance h from the centre,
Þ vx = 3 v0 = ax t kQh
E=
(h )
3/2
qE0t 3v0 m 2
+ R2
Þ 3v0 = 0 + Þ t=
m E0 q
26. (d) Time period of the pendulum (T) is given by dE
Condition: for maximum electric field =0
dh
L
T = 2p é ù
geff d ê kQh ú
Þ ú =0
dh ê 2
geff =
(mg )2 + (qE )2 ê R +h
ë ( 2 3/2
ú
û )
m By using the concept of maxima and minima we get,
L R
2 Þ T = 2p h=
æ gE ö 2 2
Þ geff = g 2 + ç ÷ æ qE ö
g2 + ç
è m ø ÷ 30. (a)
è m ø
® ® ® ® ®
27. (d) E = ( E + E ) + ( E + E )
1 2 3 4
y=3
or E = 2E cos a – 2E cos b
–q
d
q E3
d
a (0, 0) x
d D E1 r r
Let E1 and E2 are the vaues of electric field due to charge,
q q1 and q2 respectively
d
magnitude of E = 1 q1
–q 1
4p Î0 r12
2kq D 2 kq D
´ - ´
= ( D2 + d 2 ) 2 2 2
( D + (2 d ) 2 1 10 ´ 10 -6
D +d D + (2d )2
2
=
2 kqD 2kqD (
4p Î0 12 + 32 ) 3
10
= - q1
( D 2 + d 2 ) 3/2 [ D 2 + (2d ) 2 ]3/2 = ( 9 ´ 109 ) ´ 10 ´ 10-7
For d < < D
= 9 10 ´ 10 2
D 1 r r r
Eµ 3
µ \ E1 = 9 10 ´ 10 2 éëcos q1 ( - i ) + sin q1 j ùû
D D2
é 1 3 ˆù
28. (d) At equilibrium resultant force on bob must be zero, so
T cos q = mg ..... (i)
Þ E1 = 9 ´ 10 ´ 10 2 ê
ë 10
-iˆ + ( )
10 úû
j
T sin q = qE ..... (ii) Y
Solving (i) and (ii) we get Þ E1 = 9 ´102 éë -iˆ + 3 ˆj ùû = éë –9iˆ + 27 ˆj ùû102
qE 1 q2
tan q = q Similarly, E2 =
mg q 4 p Î0 r 2
T
qE X
5 ´10-6 ´ 2000 1 9 ´109 ´ ( 25 ) ´ 10 -6
tan q = = q E2 = E2 = 9 × 103 V/m
2 ´ 10-3 ´ 10 2
mg ( 4r + 3 )
2 2
3
[Here, q = 5 × 10–6 C,
E = 2000 v/m, m = 2 × 10–3 kg]
( )
\ E2 = 9 ´ 103 cos q2iˆ - sin q2 ˆj Q tan q2 =
4
r æ4 3 ö
æ1ö
Þ tan -1 ç ÷ (
\ E2 = 9 ´103 ç iˆ - ˆj ÷ = 72iˆ - 54 ˆj ´102
è5 5 ø
)
è2ø
r r r
(
\ E = E1 + E 2 = 63iˆ - 27 ˆj ´ 10 2 V/m )
P-248 Physics
31. (a) Equilibrium position will shift to point where resultant 35. (a) Electric field due to complete disc (R = 2a) at a
force = 0 distance x and on its axis
qE
kxeq = qE Þ xeq = s é ù x s é h ù
k E1 = ê1 – ú E1 = 2e ê1 – ú
2e 0 ê 2 2 ú 0 ëê 4 a 2
+ h 2 ú
û
1 2 2 1 2 ë R +x û
Total energy = mw A + kx eq
2 2 s é hù é here x =h ù
= 1–
1 1q E 2 2 2e0 êë 2a úû êë and, R = 2a úû
Total energy = mw 2 A 2 +
2 2 k 2a
a
æ rö
o
32. (d) Charge density, r = r0 ç1 - ÷
è Rø
dq = rdv
ò
qin = dq = rdv Similarly, electric field due to disc (R = a)
æ rö s æ hö
= r0 ç 1 - ÷ 4pr 2 dr (Q dv = 4pr2dr) E2 = ç 1– ÷
è Rø 2e0 è a ø
Ræ Electric field due to given disc
rö
= 4pr0 ò0 çè1 - R ÷ø r 2dr E = E1 – E2
s é hù s é hù sh
R r2 ê1– 2a ú – 2e ê1– a ú =
= 4pr0 ò0 r 2 dr -
R
dr 2e 0 ë û 0 ë û 4e0 a
s
éé 3 ù R é 4 ù R ù é R3 R 4 ù Hence, c =
r r 4ae 0
= 4pr0 ê ê ú - ê ú ú = 4pr0 ê - ú
êê 3 ú ê 4R ú ú êë 3 4 R úû
ëë û0 ë û0 û 36. (b) Let us consider a spherical shell of radius x and
thickness dx.
é R3 R 3 ù é R3 ù
= 4pr0 ê - ú = 4pr0 ê ú
ëê 3 4 úû ëê 12 ûú
dx
pr R3 x
q= 0 O
3
æ pr R3 ö Shell
E.4pr 2 = ç 0 ÷
è 3Î0 ø
r0 R3 Charge on this shell
\ Electric field outside the ball, E =
12 Î0 r 2 æ xö
dq = r.4px2dx = r0 ç1 - ÷ .4px 2dx
33. (c) Field lines originate perpendicular from positive è Rø
charge and terminate perpendicular at negative charge. \ Total charge in the spherical region from centre
Further this system can be treated as an electric dipole. to r (r < R) is
34. (d) Given: Length of wire L = 20 cm r
æ xö
charge Q = 103e0 q = ò dq = 4pr0 ò ç1 - ÷ x 2dx
è Rø
0
We know, electric field at the centre of the semicircular arc
r
2K l é x3 x 4 ù é r3 r 4 ù 3 é1 r ù
E= = 4pr0 ê - ú = 4pr0 ê - ú = 4pr0r ê - ú
r êë 3 4R úû 0 êë 3 4R úû ë 3 4R û
æ 2Q ö 1 .q
2K ç ÷ \ Electric field at r, E =
or, E= è pr ø é Asl = 2Q ù 4pe 0 r 2
r ê pr úû
ë
1 4 pr0 r3 é 1 r ù r0 é r r 2 ù
4 KQ 4 KQp 2
4pKQ = . ê - ú = ê - ú
= = = = 25 ´ 103 N / Ci$ 4pe 0 r 2 ë 3 4R û e0 êë 3 4R úû
2 2 2
pr pL L
37. (c) Given,

Electric field E = 150 N/C
Total surface charge carried by earth q = ? dx
or, q = Î0 E A x
= Î0 E p r2.
= 8.85 × 10–12 × 150 × (6.37 × 106)2.
; 680 Kc
As electric field directed inward hence
q = – 680 Kc é 5 r3 1 r 4 ù 3æ5 r ö
38. (a) Electric field intensity at the centre of the disc. = 4pr0 ê . - . ú = pr0r ç - ÷
êë 4 3 R 4 úû è3 Rø
s Electric field at r,
E= (given) \
2 Î0
1 q
E= . 2
Electric field along the axis at any distance x from the 4p Î0 r
centre of the disc 1 pr0 r 3 æ 5 r ö r0 r æ 5 r ö
æ ö = . ç - ÷= ç - ÷
s x 4pÎ0 r 2 è 3 R ø 4 Î0 è 3 R ø
E' = ç1 - ÷
ç
2 Î0 2 2 ÷ 41. (c) Electric lines of force due to a positive charge is
è x + R ø
From question, x = R (radius of disc) spherically symmetric.
All the charges are positive and equal in magnitude. So
æ ö
\ E ' = s ç1 - R
÷ repulsion takes place. Due to which no lines of force are
2 Î0 çè R + R2
2 ÷
ø present inside the equilateral triangle and the resulting
lines of force obtained as shown:
s æ 2R - R ö
= ç ÷
2 Î0 çè 2R ÷ø +q
4
= E
14
+q +q
\ % reduction in the value of electric field
æ 4 ö
çè E - E÷ø ´ 100
14 1000
= = % ; 70.7%
E 14
42. (c) Let us consider a differential element dl subtending at angle
39. (b) F = qE = mg (q = 6e = 6× 1.6 × 10–19) dQ at the centre Q as shown in the figure. Linear charge density
q
mass m l=
Density (d) = = Qr
volume 4 3
pr j
3
m
or r3 =
+
+
4 + dl
+
pd
3 + dq
+
æ qE ö
Putting the value of d and m ç = + dE q
+
and solving we get r cos q
è g ÷ø i
= 7.8 × 10–7 m O
40. (a) Let us consider a spherical shell of radius x and dE
thickness dx. dE sin q
Charge on this shell æ q ö
æ5 x ö Charge on the element, dq = ç ÷ dl
2
dq = r.4px 2 dx = r0 ç 4 - R ÷ .4px dx è pr ø
è ø q
= (rd q) (Q dl = rdq)
\ Total charge in the spherical region from centre to r (r < R ) is pr
r
æ5 xö æqö
q = ò dq = 4 pr0 ò ç - ÷ x 2 dx = ç ÷dq
0
è4 Rø è pø
P-250 Physics
Electric field at the center O due to dq is Let us consider a spherical shell of thickness dx and radius
1 dq 1 q x. The area of this spherical shell = 4px2.
dE = × 2 = × 2 dq The volume of this spherical shell = 4px2dx. The charge
4 p Î0 r 4 p Î0 pr
enclosed within shell
Resolving dE into two rectangular component, we find
the component dE cos q will be counter balanced by é Q.x ù 4Q
another element on left portion. Hence resultant field at O dq = ê 4ú
[4px2dx] = 4 x3dx
is the resultant of the component dE sin q only. ë pR û R
p The charge enclosed in a sphere of radius r1 can be
q
\ E = ò dE sin q = ò 4 p2 r 2 Î sin qd q calculated by
0 0 r1 r1
q p 4Q é x 4 ù
= [ - cos q] 4Q Q 4
Q = ò dq =
ò
3
0 x dx = ê ú = 4 r1
4p2 r 2 Î0 R4 4 4
R êë úû R
q q 0 0
= (+1 + 1) = \ The electric field at point P inside the sphere at a distance
4p2 r 2 Î0 2p2 r 2 Î0 r1 from the centre of the sphere is
The direction of E is towards negative y-axis.
r q 1 Q
\ E=- ˆj E=
2 2
2p r Î0 4pE r12
43. (a) Let us consider a spherical shell of radius x and é Q 4ù
thickness dx. r
Due to shpherically symmetric charge distribution, the 1 êë R 4 1 úû 1 Q 2
Þ E= = r1
chrge on the spherical surface of radius x is 4p Î0 r12 4p Î0 R 4
æ5 xö 2 46. (a) The electric field inside a thin spherical shell of radius
dq = dVr×4px2dx = r0 ç - ÷ × 4px dx
è 4 R ø R has charge Q spread uniformly over its surface is zero.
\ Total charge in the spherical region from centre to r (r < R) is Q ++ + +
r +
+
æ5 xö R
+
q = ò dq = 4 pr0 ò ç - ÷ x 2 dx
+ + +
+++
0
è4 Rø Q
E=k 2
r
++
+ +
E=0
+
+
dx
+ + +
++
x
Q
Outside the shell the electric field is E = k 2 . These
r
characteristics are represented by graph (a).
+Q +Q2
1
47. (c)
é 5 r3 1 r4 ù 3æ5 r ö r1 r2
= 4 pr0 ê × - × ú = pr0r ç - ÷
ëê 4 3 R 4 ûú è3 Rø A B
\ Electric field intensity at a point on this spherical surface When the two conducting spheres are connected by a
1 q conducting wire, charge will flow from one to other till both
E= × 2
4 p Î0 r acquire same potential.
\ After connection, V1 = V2
1 pr0 r 3 æ 5 r ö r0 r æ 5 r ö Q Q Q Q
= × ç - ÷= - Þk 1 =k 2 Þ 1 = 2
4p Î0 r 2 è 3 R ø 4 Î0 çè 3 R ÷ø r1 r2 r1 r2
44. (a) The ratio of electric fields
Q
45. (b) k 21
R E1 r E Q r2
= 1 Þ 1 = 21 ´ 2
E2 k Q2 E2 r1 Q2
r22
x dx E1 r1 ´ r22 E r 2
Þ = Þ 1 = 2 =
E2 r12 ´ r2 E2 r1 1
- K 2q K 8q 52. (b) Let v be the speed of dipole.

48. (b) At P + =0 Using energy conservation
( x - L)2 x2
Ki + U i = K f + U f
1 4
Þ = 2k × p1 1 2 1 2
( x - L) 2 x 2 Þ 0- p2 cos (180°) = mv + mv + 0
1 2 r3 2 2
or =
x-L x æ
Þ x = 2x – 2L or x = 2L ç
çQ Potential energy of interaction between dipole
ç
è
-2 p1 p2 cos q ö
+8q –2q = ÷
4p Î0 r 3 ÷ø
x=0 x=L P
L
2kp1 p2 2kp1 p2
Þ mv 2 = 3
Þv=
x r mr 3
When p1 = p2 = p and r = a
49. (c) P
T cos q p 1
v=
q T a 2p Î0 ma
s
F = Eq = q 53. (–48)
e0K r r
Flux of electric field E through any area A is defined as
T sin q
f = ò E. A cos q
mg Here, q = angle between electric field and area vector of a
surface
T sin q = qE .... (i) For surface ABCD Angle, q = 90°
T cos q = mg .... (ii) \ f1 = ò E. A cos 90° = 0
Dividing (i) by (ii), r uur
qE q æ s ö sq For surface BCGF fn = ò E . dA
tan q = =
mg mg çè e0K ÷ø e0 K . mg \ f11 = é 4 ´ iˆ – ( y 2 + 1) ˆj ù .4iˆ = 16 x
ë û
\ s µ tan q
50. (b) For the system to be equilibrium, net field at A should Nm 2
f11 = 48
be zero C
2 E1 + E2 = E3 f1 – f11= – 48
54. (a)
kQ ´ 2 kQ kq 55. (b) Surface charge density depends only due to Q. Also
\ + =
2 2 2 ® ® q1l
a ( 2 a) æ a ö
çè ÷
2ø
Ñò E . d A = e0
E3 –Q –Q B Q 1 Q
or E × 4pr2 = ÞE= ,r³R
E1 e0 4pe 0 r 2
A
E2 ® ® qin
2 E1
56. (a) Ñò E . d A = e 0
E A –Q –Q
2Q
Q 2 Q Q
Þ + = 2q Þ q = (2 2 + 1)
1 2 4
51. (c) Given, Electric field, E = 3 × 104
Mass of the drop, m = 9.9 × 10–15 kg –Q –Q
At equilibrium, coulomb force on drop balances weight of drop. a a
qE = mg
mg 9.9 ´ 10-15 ´ 10
Þ q= Þ q = 4
= 3.3 ´ 10 -18 C
E 3 ´ 10
P-252 Physics
1 KP
or E × 4pr2 = ò S (4pr 2 )dr \ At point P, = + Q
e0 y3
r KPQ
1 At Point P1, F1 = + = 27 F.
(kr )(4 pr 2 )dr
e0 ò
or E × 4pr2 = ( y / 3)3
0
60. (b) When cube is of side a and point charge Q is at the
4pk æ r 4 ö center of the cube then the total electric flux due to this
or E × 4pr2 = ç ÷
e0 çè 4 ÷ø charge will pass evenly through the six faces of the cube.
k 2 So, the electric flux through one face will be equal to 1/6
\ E= r ...(i) of the total electric flux due to this charge.
4e 0
Q
R R Flux through 6 faces =
2 r4 Îo
Also 2Q = ò (kr ) (4pr )dr = 4pk
4 Q
0 0
\ Flux through 1 face, =
pkR 4 6 Îo
Q= ....(ii) 61. (a) T = PE sin q Torque experienced by the dipole in an
2 r r r
From above equations, electric field, T = P ´ E
Qr 2 r
p = p cosq iˆ + p sin q ĵ
E= ....(iii) r r
2pe0 R 4 E1 = Ei
According to given condition
r r r
Q4 T1 = p ´ E1 = (p cos q iˆ + p sin q ĵ ) × E( iˆ )
= EQ ....(iv)
4pe0 (20) 2 t k̂ = pE sinq (– k̂ ) ...(i)
r
From equations (iii) and (iv), we have E2 = 3 E1 j ˆ
r
a = 8–1/4 R. T2 = p cos qiˆ + p sin qˆj ) ´ 3 E1 ˆj
57. (b) t = – PE sin q
or Ia = – PE (q) tkˆ = 3 pE1 cos qkˆ ...(ii)
PE From eqns. (i) and (ii)
a= ( -q ) pE sinq = 3 pE cosq
I
On comparing with tanq = 3 \ q = 60°
a = – w2q
62. (c) The net flux linked with closed surfaces S1, S2, S3 & S4
PE qdE 2qE are
w= = = 1
I 2 md
ædö For surface S1, f1 = (2q)
2m ç ÷ e0
è2ø 1 1
For surface S2, f 2 = (q + q + q - q) = 2q
e0 e0
58. (b) Potential energy of a dipole is given by 1 1
rr For surface S3, f3 = (q + q) = (2q)
U = – P.E e0 e0
= – PE cos q 1 1
For surface S4, f 4 = (8q - 2q - 4q) = (2q)
[Whereq = angle between dipole and perpendicular to the e0 e0
field] Hence, f1 = f2 = f3 = f4 i.e. net electric flux is same for all
= – (10–29) (103) cos 45° surfaces.
= – 0.707 × 10–26 J = – 7 × 10–27J Keep in mind, the electric field due to a charge outside (S3
59. (d) Electric field of equitorial plane of dipole and S4), the Gaussian surface contributes zero net flux
r through the surface, because as many lines due to that
KP charge enter the surface as leave it.
=– 3
r 63. (c) Applying Gauss’s law
r uur Q
Ñò S E × ds = Î0
Q + 2pAr 2 - 2pAa 2
\ E × 4pr2 =
Î0
dr 66. (b) We know that,

r=
Ñò E.dS = E Ñò dS
dV r dr
f= cos 45°
Q a Gaussiam
Q = r4pr2 In case of hemisphere
surface
b fcurved = fcircular
r
A
Q= ò 4pr 2dr = 2pA[r2 – a2] 1 E pa 2
r Therefore, fcurved = E pa 2 . =
a 2 2
1 é Q - 2pAa 2 ù 67. (c)
E= ê + 2pA ú +q
4p Î0 ëê r 2
ûú F1
For E to be independent of ‘r’ E1
Q – 2pAa2 = 0
F2
Q E2
\ A=
2pa 2 –q
® As the dipole is placed in non-uniform field, so the force
64. (a) E = E 0 iˆ + 2E 0 ˆj acting on the dipole will not cancel each other. This will
Given, E 0 = 100N / c result in a force as well as torque.
® 68. (a) The electric flux f1 entering an enclosed surface is
So, E = 100iˆ + 200ˆj taken as negative and the electric flux f2 leaving the surface
Radius of circular surface = 0.02 m is taken as positive, by convention. Therefore the net flux
leaving the enclosed surface, f = f2 – f1
2 22 According to Gauss theorem
Area = pr = ´ 0.02 ´ 0.02
7 q
f= Þ q = Î0f = Î0(f2 – f1)
= 1.25 ´10-3 î m 2 [Loop is parallel to Y-Z plane] Î0
Now, flux (f) = EA cosq 69. (None) Electric flux due to charge placed outside is zero.
( ) -3
= 100iˆ + 200ˆj .1.25 ´ 10 î cos q° [q = 0°]
But for the charge inside the cube, flux due to each face is
= 125 × 10–3 Nm2/c 1é q ù

ê ú which is not in option.
= 0.125 Nm2/c 6 ëÎ0 û
65. (c) Force of interaction
C
1 6p1p2 +q +q D
F= .
4p Î0 r 4 .
q
q
.
p1 p2
B
A
–q –q
r

Electric Charges and Field Questions

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Electric Charges and Fields P-235

Q.2 A resistor dissipates 192 J of energy in 1s when a current of 4A is passed

Q.3 A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance 200 μF is connected to a battery of 200

Q.4 A capacitor of 50 μF is connected in a circuit as shown in figure. The charge on

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Q.12 The total charge enclosed in an incremental volume of 2 × 10−9 m3 located at

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Q.14 Consider a 72 cm long wire AB as shown in the figure. The galvanometer

The value of x, to the nearest integer, is ___________.

The value of 'x' to the nearest integer is _________.

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Q.19 Seawater at a frequency f = 9 × 102 Hz, has permittivity ε = 80ε0 and

Q.20 A 2μF capacitor C1 is first charged to a potential difference of 10V using a

17th Mar Evening Shift 2021

Q.21 The electric field in a region is given by

The flux of this field through a

arranged as shown in figure. The equivalent capacitance between A and C is The

Q.25 A parallel plate capacitor whose capacitance C is 14 pF is charged by a battery

Q.27 The energy dissipated by a resistor is 10 mJ in 1 s when an electric current of 2

The value of x to the nearest integer is ____________.

Q.29 In an electrical circuit, a battery is connected to pass 20C of charge through it

Q.30 A current of 6A enters one corner P of an equilateral triangle PQR having 3

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Q.34 The electric field in a region is given by The ratio

y − z plane) to that of the surface of area 0.3 m2 (parallel to x − z plane) is a : b,

Q.35 A point charge of +12μC is at a distance 6 cm vertically above the centre of a

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Numerical Answer Key

Ans 1. For Case I,

For Case II,

The value of the x = 4.

Potential Difference across each resistor = 2V

Point drop across 6ΩΩ = 1 × 6 = 6 = VAB

Ans 14. As galvanometer shows zero deflection so it act's as balanced wheatstone

So, minimum value for n = 4

Ans 27. Given, energy dissipated by a resistor, H = 10 mJ = 10 ×× 10−3 J

Substituting the given values in Eq. (i), we get

The electrostatic force acting b/w the sphere is

Ans 35. Given, charge, q = 12 μC = 12 × 10−6C

Q.1 A capacitor is connected to a 20 V battery through a resistance of 10Ω. It is

capacitance of the capacitor is __________ μF. Given:

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1st Sep Evening Shift 2021

1st Sep Evening Shift 2021

Q.5 Choose the incorrect statement :

31st Aug Evening Shift 2021

31st Aug Evening Shift 2021

Q.7 Consider a galvanometer shunted with 5Ω resistance and 2% of current passes

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27th Aug Morning Shift 2021

Q.12 A uniformly charged disc of radius R having surface charge density σσ is

27th Aug Morning Shift 2021

26th Aug Evening Shift 2021

26th Aug Morning Shift 2021

26th Aug Morning Shift 2021

Q.20 Match List I with List II.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below

27th July Evening Shift 2021

Q.22 In the reported figure, a capacitor is formed by placing a compound dielectric

27th July Morning Shift 2021