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Polynomials Exam Questions Intro
Polynomials Exam Questions Intro
Madas
POLYNOMIAL
EXAM
QUESTIONS
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 1 (**)
Multiply out and simplify
2x 2
x 3 1 2x x 2 ,
3 7x 3x2 5x3 2x 4
Question 2 (**)
f x x3 3x2 6x 40 .
a)
Show that x 5 is not a factor of f x .
b)
Find a linear factor
of
f x .
N , (x 4)
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 3 (**)
The polynomial 3x3 2x2 12x 8 is denoted
by f x .
a)
Use the factor theorem to show that x is a factor f x .
2 of
b)
Factorize f
fully.
x
C2 , f x 3x 2 x 2 x
2
Question 4 (**)
The polynomial
x3 4x2 7x k , where k is a constant, is denoted f x .
by
a)
Given that x is a factor f x , show that k 6.
2 of
b)
Express f
as a product of a linear factor and a quadratic factor.
x
, f x x 2 x2 2x
3
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 5 (**)
a)
Use the factor theorem to show that x 3 is a factor of x3 5x2 2x 24 .
b)
Factorize x3 5x2 2x fully.
24
x 3 x 2 x
4
Question 6 (**+)
Find the coefficient of x3 in the expansion of
2x 3
5x 2 2x 1 3x 3 2x 2 9x 7 .
...
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 7 (**+)
Multiply out and simplify
1 x2 x3 x5
Question 8 (**+)
a)
Use the factor theorem to show that x 5 is a factor of x3 19x 30 .
b)
Factorize x3 19x 30 into three linear factors.
x 3 x 2 x
5
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 9 (**+)
f x ax3 x2 5x b ,
When f
is divided by x the remainder is 36 .
x 2
When f
is divided by x the remainder is 40 .
x 2
C2D , a , b 42
Question 10 (**+)
A cubic function is defined in terms of the constant k as
f x x3 x2 x k , x R .
YN-A , k 1, 0
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 11 (**+)
f x x3 2x2 kx 6 ,
where k is a constant.
a)
Given that x 3 is a factor of f x , show that k 5 .
b)
Factorize f
into three linear factors.
x
c)
Find the remainder when f
is divided by x 3 .
x
, x 1 x 2 x , R 24
3
Question 12 (**+)
a)
Use the factor theorem to show that x is a factor 2x3 3x2 5x 6 .
2 of
b)
Factorize 2x3 3x2 5x 6 into three linear factors.
x 1 x 2 2x
3
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 13 (**+)
f x 2x3 7x2 5x 4
c) Factorize f
completely.
x
Question 14 (**+)
f x x3 x2 ax b ,
When f
is divided by x the remainder is 7
x 2
When f
is divided by x the remainder is 32
x 1
a 17 , b 15
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 15 (**+)
When f
is divided by x the remainder is exactly the same as when f x is
x 2
divided by 2x 3 .
, proof
Question 16 (***)
Solve the equation
x3 x2 x 1 x 2 x 3 12 .
x3,2
7
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 17 (***)
Question 18 (***)
It is given that
f x 2x3 3x2 8x c ,
a) Show that c 3 .
b) Factorize f
fully.
x
2x 1 x 1 x , R 15
2
3
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 19 (***)
f x 6x2 x 7 , x R .
, a1
6
Question 20 (***)
A cubic function is defined in terms of the positive constant k as
f x x3 k 1 x2 k 3 , x R .
k , 9
8
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 21 (***)
A cubic graph is defined as
f x x3 x2 10x 8 , x R .
, f x x 2 x 1 x
4
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 22 (***)
f x 4x3 9x2 3x 2
a)
Use the factor theorem to show that x is a factor of f x .
2
b)
Given further
that
f x x 2 ax2 bx c ,
c)
Show that the equation f x has only one real root.
0
a4 , b , c
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 23 (***)
f x x3 px2 qx 6
, p 2 , q 5 , x 1, 2,
3
Question 24 (***)
f x 2x3 7x2 2x 1
a)
Use the factor theorem to show that 2x 1 is a factor f x .
of
b)
Find the exact solutions of the equation f
x0.
x1,2 3
2
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 25 (***)
6x3 7x2 x 2 x 1 ax2 bx c .
6x3 7x 2 x 2 0 .
, a 6, b 1, c , x 1 , 2 ,1
2 2 3
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 26 (***)
A cubic polynomial is defined as
p x x3 4x2 x 6 , x R .
p x x 3 x 2 x
1
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 27 (***)
b) Find, in exact surd form, the other two solutions of the equation f
x0.
x3 5
Question 28 (***)
f x x2 4x 12 .
C2P , k 6, 2
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 29 (***)
f x 2x3 kx2 x 6 ,
where k is a constant
Given that f 3 0 , …
a) … show that k 5
b) … factorize f
as a product of one linear and one quadratic factor.
x
f x x 3 2x2 x
2
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 30 (***)
The polynomial function f is given below
f x 2x 1 x 4 4 x 32 , x R .
a) Simplify f
fully.
x
g x 3x 2 x 4 x k , x R .
, f x 2x2 31x , k 4
40
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 31 (***)
f x 3x3 x2 5x
2
Question 32 (***)
f x x p 2x2 5x 4 4 ,
where p is a non zero constant.
When f
is divided by x the remainder is 10 .
x 2
c) Factorize f
into three linear factors.
x
, 4 , p , f x x x 3 2x
1 3
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 33 (***)
The polynomial 4x3 Ax2 Bx 9 , where A and B are constants, is denoted
by f x .
When f
is divided by x the remainder is R .
x 2
When f
is divided by x the remainder is 6R .
x 3
B A 14 .
a) Express f
as a product of a linear factor and a quadratic factor.
x
A 2 , B 16 , f x x 3 x2 x
19
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 34 (***)
The polynomial
p x is defined as
a)
Use the factor theorem to show that x is a factor of p x .
2
b)
Express p x as the product of three linear factors.
c)
Find the remainder when p x is divided by
x 2 .
d)
Determine the value of each of the constants a , b and c so that
p x x 2 2x2 ax b c .
Question 35 (***)
f x x4 2x3 x2 4 , x R .
a)
Use the factor theorem to show that x is a factor f x .
2 of
b)
Express f
as the product of a linear factor and a cubic factor.
x
c)
Find another linear factor of f
x .
d)
Express f
as the product of two linear factors and a quadratic factor.
x
e)
Show that the equation f x has exactly two solutions.
0
, f x x 2 x3 x , x
, f x x 2 x 1 x2 x
1
2 2
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 36 (***+)
Solve the equation
x 3, 0,
2
Question 37 (***+)
f x x4 x3 3x2 4x 4 .
b) Hence show that the equation f x has exactly two real roots.
0
x 2, x , x 2
2
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 38 (***+)
The curve C has equation
b) Hence the graph of C , showing clearly the coordinates of any points where the
graph of C meets the coordinate axes.
y x 2 x 4 x
22
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 39 (***+)
The polynomials
f and g are defined in terms of the constants a and b
x x
f x a x3 1 bx x 1
a)
Given that x is a factor of both f and g x , determine the value of
2 x
a and the value of b .
b)
Factorize both f
and g x , and hence show f and g x , have
x that x
another linear common factor.
, a 2 , b , f x x 2 x 1 2x , g x x 2 x 13x
1 2
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 40 (***+)
A polynomial
p x is defined, in terms of a constant a , by
p x x3 16x2 72x a .
When p x is divided by
x the remainder is 11.
3
c) Hence find, in exact surd form where appropriate, the three solutions of the
equation p x 0 .
a 88 , x 2 x2 14x , x 2, 7 5
44
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 41 (***+)
A polynomial
p x is defined, in terms of a constant k , by
p x x3 kx2 x 12 .
When p x is divided by
x 1 the remainder is r .
When p x is divided by
x the remainder is 8r .
4
i. … the value of k .
i. … x is a factor of p x .
4
, k , r
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 42 (***+)
Find the three solutions of the cubic equation
2x3 x2 7x 6 .
x 2, 1, 3
2
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 43 (***+)
a)
Show, by using the factor theorem, that x 5 is a factor f and hence
of x
factorize f into product of three linear factors.
x
b)
Sketch the graph
of
f x .
The sketch must include the coordinates of all the points where the graph meets
the coordinate axes.
c)
Find the x coordinates of the points where the line with equation y 7x 30
meets the graph f x .
of
SYN-S , f x x 5 2x 3 x , x 3 ∪ x 0 ∪ x 6
2
2
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 44 (***+)
A cubic graph is defined by
f x x3 3x2 4x 12 , x R .
a)
Show, by using the factor theorem, that x is a factor of f and hence
3 x
factorize f into product of three linear factors.
x
b)
Sketch the graph
of
f x .
The sketch must include the coordinates of any points where the graph of f x
meets the coordinate axes.
g x x 2 x 42 , x R
c)
Determine the x coordinates of P and the x coordinates of Q .
1-F , f x x 2 x 2 x , x 2, 22
7
3
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 45 (***+)
O x
A B C
D
The graph meets the coordinate axes at four distinct points, labelled A , B , C and D .
Given that the coordinates of the point A are 3, 0 , determine the coordinates of the
points B , C and D .
Question 46 (***+)
f x 10x3 21x2 x .
X , R 6 , x 2 5x 3 2x
1
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 47 (***+)
f x x3 3x2 6x 8 , x R .
a)
Show that x 1 is a factor of f x .
b)
Hence factorize f
into three linear factors.
x
c)
Sketch the graph
of
f x .
The sketch must include the coordinates of any points where the graph of f x
meets the coordinate axes.
The figure below shows the graphs of the curves with equations
y1 y
y2 R
O
x
P Q
d)
Determine the coordinates of P , Q and R .
Question 48 (***+)
Find the quotient of the division of
Question 49 (***+)
x3 2 1 k 2k 1 x
20
0.
x 2
a) Determine the value of the real constant k , if the above equation is to have x 1
as one of its roots.
M , k 10 , x 5,
4,1
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 50 (***+)
A cubic curve C has equation
y 6x3 Ax2 6x B , x R ,
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 51 (***+)
The following information is given for a polynomial
f x .
x
is divided by x
2
f x x 2 x 2 g x ax b
f x 3x4 px q ,
SYN D , a 4 , b , p 4 , q
51
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 52 (***+)
A cubic curve and a quartic curve, are both defined for all real numbers, and have
respective equations
y x3 3x2
and y x x 23 .
a) Sketch both curves in the same set of axes, indicating the coordinates of any
points where each curve meets the coordinate axes.
x3 3x2 x x 23 , x R .
c) Indicate by shading in the set of axes of part (a) the region satisfied by the
following inequality.
x3 3x2 y x x 1 x 4 .
2 3
, 2 solutions
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 53 (****)
f x x3 3x2 24x 20 , x R .
a)
Show that x 1 is a factor of f x .
b)
Hence factorize f
as the product of a linear and a quadratic factor.
x
c)
Find, in exact form where appropriate, the solutions of the equation f
x 0 .
The line with equation y touches the graph of f at the point Q 2, and
8 x 8
crosses the graph f at the point P , as shown in the figure below.
of
x
y f x 0
O x
P Q y 8
d)
Determine the coordinates of P .
SYN
, f x x 1 x2 4x , x 1, 2 2 6 , P 7, 8
20
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 54 (****)
A polynomial
p x is defined, in terms of a constant a , by
p x x4 2x3 9x a .
SYN-Q , a 7, b 3, c
4
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 55 (****)
The quadratic function f is given, in terms of three non zero constants a , b and c , by
f x ax2 bx c , x R .
When f
is divided by x 1 the remainder is 1.
x
When f
is divided by x the remainder is 2 .
x 2
When f
is divided by x the remainder is 70 .
x 2
SY , a 6 , b 17 , c 12
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 56 (****)
f x x3 3x 2 , x R .
a) Express f
as the product of three linear factors.
x
f x x 12 .
MP1-H , f x x 2 x , x
12
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 57 (****)
A quintic polynomial is defined, in terms of the constants a and b , by
f x x5 ax4 bx3 x2 4x 3 .
When f
is divided by x the remainder is 7 .
x 2
When f
is divided by x the remainder is 16 .
x 1
S , a 4 , b , 3x 13
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 58 (****)
A polynomial
f is defined in terms of the constants a , b and c as
x
The sketch must include the coordinates of any points where the graph of
meets the coordinate axes.
f x
SY , a 3, b 9, c
10
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 59 (****)
A polynomial
p x is given by
p x 4x3 2x2 x 5 .
q x 4x3 2x2 ax b .
Question 60 (****)
f x 2x2 9x 5
SYN-O , k 12,3 , k
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 61 (****)
A cubic function is defined in terms of the constants a , b and c as
f x x3 ax2 bx c , x R .
a)
Given that x 1 is a factor f show that
of x
a b c 1.
b)
Find the values of a , b and c .
c)
Hence express f as the product of three linear factors.
x
d)
Sketch the graph
of
f x .
The sketch must include the coordinates of any points where the graph of
meets the coordinate axes.
f x
Question 62 (****)
f x x3 a 2 x2 2x
b , where a and b are non zero constants.
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 63 (****)
f x x3 9x2 24x 20
2Q , k 1,
4
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 64 (****+)
The quadratic functions f and g are defined by
f x 4x2 a , x R
g x x2 bx a , x R ,
where a , b and c are non zero constants, such that a 2c and b 3c .
Determine the value of a , b and c , and hence factorize f and g , showing clearly the
common factor in these factorizations.
Created by T. Madas
Created by T. Madas
Question 65 (****+)
A cubic curve has the following equation.
f x x3 6x2 12x B , x R
, where B is a non zero constant.
g x x2 4x 5 , x R .
The sketch must include the coordinates of any points where each of the
graphs meets the coordinate axes, the coordinates of the point of inflexion of
f x and the coordinates of the minimum point of g x .
c) Hence, state with full justification the number of real roots of the equation
x3 7x 2 16x B 5 .
Question 66 (****+)
f x 2x3 9x2 px q
a)
Find the values of the constants p and q , given that x and 2x 1 are
2
factors of f x .
b)
Hence solve the equation
7 6
2y 9 .
y y
Question 67 (*****)
ax3 ax2 ax b 0
Given that x b is a root of the above cubic equation, determine the range of the
possible values of a .
, 0a4
3
Created by T. Madas