10-05-2023

Gopal Lal Choudhary

Asstt. Prof.-cum-Jr. Scientist
(Agronomy)

 Cost of cultivation analysis is always very important for decision

making on different aspects of crop production.
 It is refers to the total expenses incurred in cultivating one hectare of
a crop.
 The cost of cultivation is worked out by input wise and operation
wise together on the basis of their quantity/amount and their
respective market price.
 On the basis of type of input/operation and nature of investment it
can be divided into two groups.

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Fixed costs:- These are fixed. In agriculture, land in some sense is a

fixed capital. The other important items of fixed costs are implements
and tools, machinery, farm buildings, work animals, interest on fixed
capital etc.
Variable costs:- These costs vary with the production. One can increase
or decrease these costs as per their need/requirement. In agriculture,
cost of seed, manure’s and fertilizers, irrigation, labour are the variable
costs.

Items Operations No. Mandays Materials rate/unit Total cost

Land preparation Time (Hrs)
Harrowing 2 3 850 5100
Ploughing by cultivator 1 2 650 1300
Puddling 3 2.5 750 5625
Planking 2 1 500 1000
Total 13025
Seed Seed 30 45 1350
Total 1350
Nursery raising 2500
Total 2500
Seed treatment Bavistin 1 100 100
Total 100
Transplanting Manual 1 20 300 6000
Total 6000
Weed control Pretilachlor 1.5 0 400 600
Labour for spray 2 300 600
Hand weeding 1 10 300 3000
Total 4200

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Items Operations No. Mandays Materials rate/unit Total cost

Plant Protection Insecticides (As per need) 1 0 1000 1000
Labour 1 2 300 600
Fungicides (As per need) 1 0 1000 1000
Labour 1 2 300 600
Total 3200
Irrigations Total irrigations 4 550 2200
Labour 4 2 300 2400
Total 4600
Fertilizer N (through Urea) 150 kg 23.5 via DAP 126.5 13 1644.5
P (through DAP) 60 54 3240
K (through MOP) 50 30 3000
Once in 2
Zn (through ZnSO4 33%) 25 year 6.25 150 937.5
Appli Cost 2 300 600
Total 9422

Items Operations No. Mandays Materials rate/unit Total cost

Harvesting Labour 20 300 6000
Combine 0 2000 0
Threshing Labour 4 300 1200
Thresher 3 800 3000
Winnowing Labor 0 300 0
Total 10200
Miscellaneous 1500
Total working Capital 56097
Intrest on WC 0.5 56097 0.06 1683

Fixed cost ITEM Duration rate Total

Land rent(one year) 0.5 250 125
Implements(depre) 0 0 0
Total 125
Total fixed cost 1808
Grand Total 57905

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Items Operations No. Mandays Materials Rate/unit Total cost

Land preparation Time (Hrs)
Harrowing 0 3 850 0
Ploughing by cultivator 0 2 650 0
Puddling 0 2.5 750 0
Planking 0 1 500 0
Total 0
Seed Seed 60 45 2700
Total 2700
Nursery raising 0
Total 0
Seed treatment Bavistin 1 200 200
Total 200
Sowing Zero-tillage machine 1 4 850 3400
Total 3400

Items Operations No. Mandays Materials Rate/unit Total cost

Weed control Glyphosate 2.5 0 600 1500
Labour for spray 4 300 1200
Bispyribac sodium 10 SC 0.25 0 3500 875
Labour for spray 2 300 600
Hand weeding 1 5 300 1500
Total 4200
Plant Protection Insecticides (As per need) 1 0 1000 1000
Labour 1 2 300 600
Fungicides (As per need) 1 0 1000 1000
Labour 1 2 300 600
Total 3200
Irrigations Total irrigations 4 550 2200
Labour 4 2 300 2400
Total 4600

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Items Operations No. Mandays Materials Rate/unit Total cost

Fertilizer N (through Urea) 150 kg 23.5 via DAP 126.5 13 1644.5
P (through DAP) 60 54 3240
K (through MOP) 50 60 3000
Zn (through ZnSO4 33%) 25 Once in 2 year 6.25 150 937.5
Appli Cost 2 300 600
Total 9422
Harvesting Labour 20 300 6000
Combine 0 2000 0
Threshing Labour 4 300 1200
Thresher 3 1000 3000
Winnowing Labor 0 300 0
Total 10200
Miscellaneous 1500
Total working Capital 39422

Items Operations No. Mandays Materials Rate/unit Total cost

Intrest on WC 0.5 39422 0.06 1183

Fixed cost ITEM Duration rate Total

Land rent(one year) 0.5 250 125
Implements(depre) 0 0 0
Total 125
Total fixed cost 1308
Grand Total 40730

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Particulars Transplanted DSR Difference

Grain yield (q/ha) 50 45 5
Market Price of grain (Rs/q) 1940 1940 0
Value of grain (Rs/ha) 97,000 87,300 9700
Stover yield (q/ha) 75 65 10
Market Price of Stover (Rs/q) 200 200 0
Value of stover (Rs/ha) 15,000 13,000 2000
Gross return (Rs/ha) 1,12,000 100,300 11700
Cost of cultivation (Rs/ha) 57,905 40,730 17175
Net returns 54,095 59,570 -5475
B:C ratio 0.93 1.46 -0.53