of the Philippines

Department of Education
Division of Bulacan
Region III

A Detailed Lesson
Plan in Mathematics
10

“Distance and Midpoint

Formula”

JOLINA V. BAGWISA
BSEd MATHEMATICS

Detailed Instructional Plan in Mathematics 10

 I- Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the student shall be able to:
1. Derive the distance formula
2. Illustrate the Distance Formula and solve for the distance of two pair points in a
Cartesian Coordinate Plane.
3. Appreciate the use of Distance Formula in solving real-life problems involving
applications of distance.

II- Subject Matter

Lesson: The Distance Formula, the Midpoint Formula, and the Coordinate Proof
Topic: Distance Formula and the Midpoint Formula
Reference: Learner’s Material in Mathematics 10
Melvin M. Callanta, Allan M. Canonigo et al.
Pages 229-237

Materials: White Board

Chalk
Blackboard
Laptop
Projector
Speaker
Visual Aids

III-Procedure
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
A. Preliminary Activities
1. Prayer

Before we start let us all stand and pray.

Who wants to lead the prayer? Yes ____.
(the student and teacher pray Our
Father)
2. Greetings

Good Morning Class!

Good Morning ma’am Jolina!
3. Classroom Conditioning

Class before you sit, kindly pick up the litters under

your chair and keep them in your bag. Then check if
the chairs are properly arranged.
(the students pick up the litters and
arrange their chairs)
4. Checking of Attendance

Before we start, let us check first your attendance.

Let’s start on the first column, ______ Do you have

any absentees on your column? We are glad to say that ma’am there is
no absent in our column.

Very good! How about on the second column

_______? Is there any absentees? It’s nice to say ma’am that there is no
absent on our group.
 Very good section 10- ______ we have a perfect
attendance today! Keep it up okay!

Yes ma’am
5. Checking of Assignments

Okay class let us continue. Did I give

You an assignment? No ma’am.

Okay let us now proceed.

B. Developmental Activities

1. Review

This activity you made is the last activity on this

chapter.

And now that we are already finished on this

chapter, tell me anything about on what have you
learned on all our previous discussion?
Anyone, yes ______?
On this chapter, I learned about circles,
and parts of it. I also learned theorems
related to some of the parts of a circle.

Okay, thank you!

Another, Yes _____? I learned about inscribed angles and on
how to get the measurements of some
parts of the circle.
Thank you.

Thank you for sharing your learnings to us.

To everybody, I hope you learned a lot from our Yes ma’am.
past discussion. Okay?

We will proceed now to our next lesson and it is all

about The Distance Formula, Midpoint Formula and
the Coordinate Proof.

But today we will start on the first one, which is the

Distance Formula.
2. Motivation and Unlocking Difficulties

3. Lesson Proper
Today, we will discuss about Distance Formula. Let
us start. Please read all together.
Distance is defined as the amount of
space between an object, person or two
(the teacher will repeat) points.

Example of distance is from here in front unto the

 back, the space between the 2 points is what we
called the distance.

Did you understand class?

Okay, let us continue. Yes ma’am.

In Cartesian Plane, the distance we are going to use

is the space between the 2 points plotted on it.

There are two ways of getting the distance of the 2

points in our Cartesian plane. The first one is
getting the distance of horizontally and vertically
aligned points.

In getting the distance of a horizontal line or in

vertical line, we need to get the absolute value of
the difference or the answer if you subtract their x
or y coordinate. (We will use the x intercept if it is
horizontally aligned and the y intercept if they are
vertically aligned).

To understand let us have an example.

Find the distance between •P and •Q

Where in P(3,2) and Q(10,2)

Solution:
First let us plot the 2 coordinates to know if what
we are going to use.
P(3,2) and Q(10,2)

P Q

Since •P and •Q are aligned horizontally, then we

can use the x coordinates to solve,
PQ=|10−3|=7
Yes ma’am.

Did you understand?

Let us have another example.

Determine the distance between A(4, 3) and
B(4, -5)
Solution:
Who wants to answer? First let us plot the 2 coordinates.
Yes _____. A(4, 3) and B(4, -5)
 A

Since •A and •B are aligned vertically,

then we can use the y coordinates to
solve,
AB=|3−(−5)|∨simply |3+5|=8

Yes ma’am.
Did you understand?

Okay, now we already knew the formula in getting

the distance of a vertically or horizontally aligned
objects or points. We will study now the 2nd way or
the formula in getting the distance of a not
vertically or horizontally aligned objects or person
or points or the diagonal one.

And the formula we will going to use in getting the

distance of the 2 points is

√ 2
d= ( x 2−x 1 ) + ( y 2− y1 )
2

Or it is what we called the distance formula

Always remember the distance between two points,

whether or not they are aligned horizontally or
vertically, can be determined using the distance
formula.

So as a proof, let us have an example.

Consider the points, •P and •Q whose coordinates

are ( x 1 , y 1 )and ( x 2 , y 2 ) respectively. Then, the
distance (d ) between these points can be determined
using the distance formula.

√ 2
d= ( x 2−x 1 ) + ( y 2− y1 )
2

Let us give the coordinates of the 2 points.

Find the distance between P(1, 3) and Q(7, 11)

 To find the distance between •P and •Q the
following procedure can be followed:

Let ( x 1 , y 1 ) =(1 , 3) and ( x 2 , y 2 ) =(7,11)

Substitute the corresponding values of

x 1 , x 2 , y 1 , y 2 In our distance formula.

d= √( 7−1 ) + ( 11−3 )
2 2

Solve the resulting equation

d= √( 7−1 ) + ( 11−3 )
2 2

d= √ ( 6 ) + ( 8 )
2 2

d= √36+ 64 Yes ma’am.

d= √100

d=10

Did you understand?

The student will write his answer on the
Okay let us have another example. board.
(the teacher will give an example)

Who wants to answer? Yes ma’am.

Yes ______.

Very good!

Did you understand?

Okay let us now continue.

Distance Formula has many uses. Not only in

solving but also in our everyday lives. So to know
its uses let us apply it on our day to day scenario.
4. Application

Distance formula has many applications in real life.

In particular, it can be used to find the distance
between two objects or places.

Let us have an example.

A map showing the locations of different
municipalities and cities is drawn on a coordinate
plane. Each unit on the coordinate plane is
equivalent to 1 kilometer. Suppose that the
coordinate of Mabini City is (2, 2) and Sta. Lucia is
(6, 8). What is the shortest distance between two
places?

Let us show first the draft or sketch of the given.

 Now, let us solve.
Let x 1=2 , y1 =2 , x 2=6 , y 2=8
d= √( 6−2 ) + ( 8−2 )
2 2
Then substitute the values on our formula.
d= √( 4 ) + ( 6 )
2 2

Anyone? Yes _____?

d= √16+ 36
d= √ 52
d=2 √ 13 units or d=7.21units

Okay very good!

The distance between Sta. Lucia town and Mabini Yes Ma’am.
City is approximately 7.21 km.
None ma’am.
Did you understand?

Do you have any question?

4. Generalization
If you don’t want to ask question, I will the one to
ask you.

Again, what is distance?

(the student raise their hands)
Yes ____?
Distance is the space between two
objects, person or place.
Very good!

How about, what is the formula in getting the

distance between two points that is vertically
or horizontally aligned?
(the student raise their hands)
Yes _____?
In getting the distance of a horizontal
line or in vertical line, we need to get the
absolute value of the difference or the
answer if you subtract their x or y
coordinate.
Precisely! Very good!

What is the formula in getting the distance between

two points?
 Yes _____? (the student raise their hands)

Very good!

Now for my last question what do you think is the

values we can get from our discussion for today?

Anyone? Yes ______. Ma’am I think ______.

Nice answer!

C. Evaluation
For your quiz, get 1 whole sheet of paper and
answer the following. (the student get 1 whole sheet of paper)

Find the distance between 2 points, people, places or object.

1. P(2,-3) and Q(3, 8)
2. M(3, -7) and N(3, 8)
For numbers 3-5.

3. What is the shortest distance, between Diego’s House and Emilio’s House?
4. Haw far is Emilio’s House from the Plaza?
5. Calculate the distance between Jose’s house and Diego’ house.

D. Assignments

How far are we from each other?

1. M(2, -3) and N(10, 3)
2. P(3, -7) and Q(3, 8)
3. C(-4, 3) and D(7, 6)

A. Answer the following.

4. What is Midpoint?
5. What is the Midpoint Formula?

Answer your assignment on 1 whole sheet of Yes ma’am.

paper. Okay?

Do you have any question regarding your None ma’am.

assignment?

Okay.
 Did you enjoy our class? Yes ma’am.

Let us call it a fun and knowledgeable day! Yes ma’am.

I hope you learned a lot.

Thank you for attending my class today.

Goodbye and see you tomorrow! Goodbye and Thank You ma’am Jolina!

Prepared by: Checked by:

JOLINA V. BAGWISA MR. LHIO ROEM R. DELA CRUZ

Student Teacher Cooperating Teacher
BSEd Mathematics