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EXPERIMENT 5 DATE

OPEN CIRCUIT CHARACTERISTICS OF SEPARATELY EXCITED DC

SHUNT GENERATOR
AIM

1. To plot the O.C.C of separately excited DC shunt generator corresponding to its rated
speed.
2. To plot the O.C.C for any other speed .
3. To determine the critical resistance of the field circuit for rated speed.
4. To find the critical speed of the generator .
MACHINE DETAILS

Motor : 2.2 KW, 230V, 13A, 1000rpm

Generator : 1.7KW, 170V, 10A, 1000rpm

APPARATUS REQUIRED

Sl.No. Apparatus Specification Quantity

1 Ammeter 0 – 2.5A, MC 1
Voltmeter
2 0 – 300V, MC 1
3 Rheostat 0-210 Ohm,1.8 A 2
Tachometer
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THEORY

The magnetization characteristics (OCC) OF A DC generator is the relationship

between air gap flux and field winding mmf .As flux proportional to IF and E is the induced
emf the OCC can be plotted with E on Y axis and IF on X axis .

Saturation curve for a dc generator does not start from zero ordinarily, but at some
value slightly higher than zero due to residual magnetism, which is necessary for the building
up of the self excited generators. For lower values of field ampere-turns, the flux is
approximately proportional to field ampere turns and therefore saturation curve is a straight
line. For higher values of field ampere-turns, the field core begins to become saturated and the
curve falls away from the straight line due to varying permeability for iron. The nature of curve
depend on the magnetic permeability of iron part of magnetic circuit.

Critical resistance means is the maximum value of field circuit resistance at which
shunt generator would just excite .It is found out by taking the slope of tangent(Y/X) of the

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OCC .Critical speed is the speed at which shunt field resistance become equal to critical
reistance .It is denoted by Nc .

PROCEDURE

The circuit connections are given as shown in circuit diagram. Keeping the switch ‘S’
open and the field rheostat of motor at minimum and field rheostat of generator at maximum
position, supply is given. Start the motor using 3 point starter. The generator is driven at normal
speed (in the appropriate direction marked) by means of the prime mover. The residual voltage
is read from the voltmeter. Now switch ‘S’ is closed and the field current is increased in steps
by adjusting the rheostat. Open circuit voltages and corresponding field currents are tabulated.
Open circuit voltages up to about 125% of rated voltage are taken. The speed of the set is kept
constant throughout the experiment. If the speed varies, adjust the field rheostat of the motor to
keep it constant. The field winding resistance is measured using voltmeter-ammeter method.

CONNECTION DIAGRAM TO PLOT OCC FOR SEPARATELY EXCITED DC SHUNT

GENERATOR

TABULATION –OCC

Sl no Field current IF Induced Voltage E2 at 1200 RPM

E1 at 1000 rpm

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CONNECTION DIAGRAM FOR MEASUREMENT OF FIELD RESISTANCE

TABULATION – SHUNT FIELD RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT

Sl no Voltage Current Resistance of

V I Field winding
(volts) (amp) R = V/I (Ω)

MEAN VALUE OF RESISTANCE =

SAMPLE CALCULATION(Reading no : )

Separately excited dc generator

Open circuit voltage at rated speed, E1=

(Rated speed, N1 = 1000rpm; Any other speed, N2 =1200 rpm )
N2
E1 =
Open circuit voltage at speed N2, E2 = N1
Field winding resistance measured, R =

From Graph:-
Critical resistance of field circuit for rated speed(Slope of tangent) =
BC
N1
Critical speed of generator(from graph ), NC= AC =

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SAMPLE GRAPH

RESULT

1. Open circuit characteristics of separately excited dc generator corresponding to normal

speed (N1=1000rpm) and another speed (N2=1200rpm) are plotted.
2. Critical resistance of field circuit of self excited dc shunt generator corresponding to
rated speed =
3. Critical speed of the self excited dc shunt generator =

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