LECTURE 14: VOICE AND HEARING

1. You are fully equipped with all devices for voice production and hearing
4 steps of voice production

2. Process of communication

3. Complex structure of vocal cords to make sounds

a. anatomy of human voice
b. vocal length change with age
c. fundamental frequency and age
d. vibration of vocal cords

4. Generation of every not of singing sound by muscles in vocal cords

5. Muscles of vocal cords

6. Perfect structure of human mouth, tongue and nasal cavity for the production of various
speech sound
a. Mystery of right angle (90)
b. A place of articulation  a point of contact
c. voiceprint identification

7. Equalizers for sound resonance

a. Paranasal Sinuses
b. Auditory system

8. Perfect antennae for sound

a. Outer ear pinna/ auricle

9. Location of tympanic membrane and cerumen secretion

a. ceruminous glands

10. Ear wax

11. Ear drum thickness , protection of eardrum from pressure change

12. Protection of inner ear from noise

a. Tympanic reflex (involuntary control)

13. Amplication of sound

14. Wonderful structure of cochlea to save the space of inner ear (spiral shaped like a snail shell)
15. Resonance at different place in cochlea membrane

16. Vibration of the basilar membrane transmitted to the brain

17. Perception of stereo sound (why 2 ears? 1 mouth)

18. Human ear can distinguish the sound of each instrument in orchestra

19. Human hearing system is not so sensitive (what if you are too sensitive)

20. Perception of 3D movement (dancing, walking, running, sports)

21. You have heavy sands (otoliths) in your ear for the perception of your moving in 3d space

***Sense of equilibrium