ARELLANO UNIVERSITY – MALABON

Elisa Esguerra Campus

Gen. Luna Cor. Esguerra Sts., Brgy. Bayan-Bayanan, Malabon City
2nd Semester: 2022-2023

BASIC CALCULUS

MR. LEOMER E. DELA TORRE

Name: Chwe, Hansol V. Score:

STEM 11-17A

Concept Note No. 6: Limit of Some Transcendental Functions

 Transcendental Functions are functions that includes exponential, logarithmic, and trigonometric
functions.

 Limit of Exponential Function:

lim bf (x )=b f (c )
x →c
f (x) f (c)
lim e =e , for natural exponential functions.
x →c

2 x−3
Example1: lim (3 +5)
x→ 4

lim ( 3 +5 ) =f ( 4 )
2 x−3

x→ 4
2 x−3
f ( 4 ) =3 +5
2 ( 4) −3
¿3 +5
8−3
¿ 3 +5
¿ 35 +5
¿ 248
x
Example 2: lim e
x→ 0
x
lim e =f ( 0 )
x →0

f ( 0 )=e 0 , any number raised to zero the answer is 1, therefore;

¿1

 Limit of Logarithmic Function

lim log b f ( x )=log b f (c )
x →c
lim ln f ( x )=ln f (c ) , for natural logarithmic functions.
x →c
 Where f ( c ) >0

Example 1: lim
x →1
ln x
lim ln x=f ( 1 )
x →1
f ( 1 ) =ln 1
¿0
2
Example 2: lim log 3 (3 x +2 x−4)
x →5
lim f ( x )=f ( 5 )
x →5

f ( 5 )=log 3 [ 3 ( 5 ) + 2 x−4 ]
2

¿ log 3 [ 3 ( 25 ) +10−4 ]
¿ log 3 ( 75+10−4 )
¿ log 3 81
¿4

 Limit of Trigonometric Functions

lim sin x =sin c lim cos x=cos c
x →c x →c
 lim tan x=tan c lim sec x=sec c
x →c x →c
lim csc x =csc c lim cot x =cot c
x →c x →c

 Other Trigonometric Limit Theorems

sin x 1−cos x tan x
lim =1 lim =0 lim =1
x →0 x x →0 x x →0 x

lim ( tan x¿+ co t x)¿

Example 1: x→
π
4
π π
lim ( tan x¿+ co t x)=tan +cot ¿
x→
π 4 4
4

√2 √2
π 2 π 2
since tan = ∧cot = ,
4 √2 4 √2
2 2
√2 √2
2 2
we get lim (tan x¿+ co t x)= + ¿
x→
π √2 √2
4
2 2
¿ 1+1
lim ( tan x¿+ co t x)=2¿
π
x→
4