Adding Binary Numbers

Adding binary numbers is similar to adding decimal numbers, but you need to
follow the rules of binary addition. In binary, there are only two possible digits: 0
and 1. Here's how you add binary numbers:
1. Start from the rightmost (least significant) digit and move to the left, just
like you do with decimal addition.
2. Add the corresponding digits from each binary number, starting with the
rightmost digits. Here are the possible cases:
1. 0 + 0 = 0
2. 0 + 1 = 1
3. 1 + 0 = 1
4. 1 + 1 = 0 (with a carry of 1 to the next column to the left)
3. If the sum of two digits in a column is 2 (1 + 1), write down 0 in that
column and carry 1 to the next column to the left.
4. Continue adding digits column by column, including any carry from the
previous step, until you have added all the digits.
5. If there is a carry left after adding all the columns, write it down as an
additional leftmost digit.
Here's an example:
Let's add the binary numbers 1101 and 101:
1101
+ 101
1. 1 + 1 = 0 (with a carry of 1)
2. 0 + 0 + 1 (carry) = 1
3. 1 + 0 = 1
4. 1 + 1 = 0 (with a carry of 1)
So, the result is 11010.
Remember to include any carry when adding the leftmost digits. If there's a
carry after the last addition, make sure to include it as well.
In decimal terms, the binary result 11010 is equivalent to 26 in base 10.

Overflow:
Overflow in binary addition occurs when the result of adding two binary
numbers exceeds the maximum representable value that can be stored in a
given number of bits. This happens because binary arithmetic has a finite range,
just like any other numerical system.
Overflow can be handled differently depending on the context. Some systems
may simply ignore it, resulting in incorrect results. Others may flag an overflow
condition to alert the user or perform additional actions to prevent data
corruption.
In summary, overflow in binary addition occurs when the sum of binary numbers
exceeds the maximum value that can be represented with the given number of
bits. It's important to be aware of this phenomenon when performing binary
arithmetic to avoid incorrect results or data loss.