Module 8, Week 9, CE-301, Dr. Bashir Alam

University of Engineering & Technology
Peshawar, Pakistan
CE301: Structure Analysis II

Module 08:
Analysis of S.I Frames Using stiffness method
By:
Prof. Dr. Bashir Alam
Civil Engineering Department
UET , Peshawar
Topics to be Covered
• Introduction
• Prerequisites for using stiffness method
• Types of frames
• Step wise procedure of stiffness method for frame analysis
• Analysis of Nonsway frames Example 1,2,3
• Assignment 04 (a)
• Analysis of sway frames Example 1,2,3
• Assignment 04 (b)
Stiffness Method for Frames Analysis
 Introduction:
Frames are analyzed with stiffness method due to
• To solve the problem in matrix notation, which is more systematic
• To compute reactions at all the supports.
• To compute internal resisting shear , axial & bending moment at any section
of the frame.
 Prerequisites for Analysis with stiffness method:

It is necessary that students must have strong background of
the following concepts before starting analysis with stiffness
or any other matrix method.
• Enough concept of Matrix Algebra
• Must be able to find the Kinematic Indeterminacy
• Must know the formulas & concept of fixed end actions
 Types of Frames :
On the basis of lateral displacement frames are classified in to
following two types
• Frames with Sway
• Frames without Sway
 Sway:
In statically indeterminate structures the structures the frames
deflect laterally due the presence of lateral load or unsymmetrical
vertical loads or where the frames themselves are unsymmetrical.
• Causes of side sway:
 Unsymmetrical loading (eccentric loading)
 Different end conditions of the columns of the frame
 Non uniform sections of the members
 Horizontal loading on column of the frame
 Settlement of the supports of the frame
• Frames without side sway:
• Frames with side sway:
Part I
Analysis of Frames without side sway
 Step wise Solution Procedure using Stiffness method method:
The following steps must be followed while solving a structure using
Stiffness method.
• Step # 01: Make the structure kinametically determinate, by

restraining the joints i.e select the redundant joint displacement.
Step # 02: Apply the actual external loads on the BKDS (Basic
kinametically determinate structure) and find the
actions at the locations of redundant joints ( compute
fixed end actions) this will generate ADL matrix.
Step # 03: Apply the redundant joint displacement on the BKDS (To
standardize the procedure, only a unit displacement
is applied in the +ve direction) this will generate
stiffness coefficient matrix.
Step # 04: Apply equilibrium condition at the location of the
redundant joint displacement to write equilibrium
equations and solve for unknown joint displacement.
= + •
= • −
Step # 05: Compute the member end actions .

Problem 01: Analyze the given Frame using stiffness method.
2k/ft
B C
10ft
Take EI = constant
12ft
K.I = 2 degree ( neglecting the axial effects )
So two redundant joint displacements should be chosen.
• Step # 01: Selection of redundant Joint displacements and assign
coordinates at those locations. Also compute AD values.
D1 D2
B 12ft C
10ft
Rotation at B & C is taken as redundant joint displacement.
1 ? 1 0
2∗1= = 2∗1= =
2 ? 2 0
• Restrain all the degrees of freedom to get the restrained structure.
B C
12ft
10ft
Basic kinematic determinate structure ( BKDS) or

restrained structure
• Step # 02 : Restrained structure acted upon by the actual loads.
compute the values of actions in the restrained structure
corresponding to the redundant locations. This will
generate ADL matrix.( Fixed end actions)
12k
0ʹ k 0k = 24ʹ k 2
1
2k/ft 24ʹ k
B C
B ADL1
12ft
ADL2
12k 12k
10ft
A 1 = −24ˊ 2 = 24ˊ
0k
= −24
0ʹ k
= 1
12k 2 24
Step # 03 : Primary structure acted upon by a unit value of D &
computation of stiffness coefficients “ S” values in the
BKDS corresponding to the redundant joint displacement
locations.
• 1st a unit rotation is applied at location 1 & prevented at 2 as shown.
Compute the values of S11 and S21 .
• Then apply a unit rotation at the redundant displacement location 2
and prevented at 1 as shown. Compute the values of S12 & S22 .
i. 1st a unit rotation is applied at location 1 & prevented at 2 (D1=1 &
D2=0)as shown. Compute the values of S11 and S21 .
2
1
12ft
B =
θ=1 C
=
θ=1
=
10ft
A
Step # 03 ( i ): Contd…
11 = + 21 =
11 = 0.733 21 = 0.1667
S11 = Action(sum of moments in this case) in the BKDS at redundant displacement

location 1 due to unit rotation at that location.
S21 = Moment in the BDS at redundant displacement location 2 due to a unit
rotation applied at location 1
ii. Now a unit rotation is applied at the redundant displacement
location 2 and prevented at 1 ( D2=1 & D1=0 ) as shown.
Compute the values of S12 & S22 .
= 2
1
θ=1
B =
12ft C
=
10ft
= .
Step # 03 : Contd…
12 = 22 =
12 = 0.1667 22 = 0.333
S12 = Moment in the BKDS at redundant displacement location 1 due to

unit rotation applied at redundant displacement location 2.
S22 = Moment in the BKDS at redundant displacement location 2 due to a
unit rotation applied at that location.
11 = 0.733 12 = 0.1667
21 = 0.1667 22 = 0.333
= 11 12
21 22
0.733 0.1667 Stiffness coefficient

S =
0.1667 0.333 matrix
1 = 1 + 11 1 + 12 2
2 = 2 + 21 1 + 22 2
1 = 1 + 11 12 1
2 2 21 22 2
2∗1 = 2∗1 + 2∗2 • 2∗1
= • −
1 11 12 1− 1
=
2 21 22 2− 2
1 1 0.733 0.1667 0 − (−24)

=
2 0.1667 0.333 0 − 24
-ive sign shows that our

1 55.40 1 assumed redundant joint
= displacement direction is
2 −99.741
wrong
Step # 05: Compute the member end actions. As we know that
= +
Member AB: AM4
AM6
B AM5
A
AM3 AM2
AM1
AMn = is the member end action in the indeterminate structure at different location
specified with a number “n”. n shows the number of member end actions.
i. Compute AML values.
AML4 12k
AML6 0ʹ k 0k
B AML5
B 1 12
2 0
0
10ft
3
4
= −12
5 0
A
AML2
A
6 0
z
AML3 0k
0ʹ k
AML1 12k
b) Compute the AMD values.
• 1st apply a unit rotation at redundant location 1 and then at 2 as
shown below.
2
AMD41 1
12ft
AMD61 B
B AMD51 θ=1 C
θ=1
10ft
A
AMD31 AMD21 A
AMD11
= 2
AMD42 1
AMD62 θ=1
AMD52 B =
B 12ft C
=
10ft
A
AMD32 AMD22
A
AMD12
= .
So the AMD values are
11 12 −0.0417 −0.0417
21 22 0.06 0
31 32 0.2 0
6∗2 = =
41 42 0.0417 0.0417
51 52 −0.06 0
61 62 0.4 0
Now member end actions will be computed as given below
= +
1 12 −0.0417 −0.0417 13.8 k

2 0 0.06 0 3.3 k
3 0 0.2 0 55.40 11.1ˊ k
= + =
4 −12 0.0417 0.0417 −99.714 −13.8 k
5 0 −0.06 0 −3.3 k
6 0 0.4 0 22.2ˊ k
Final Analyzed Member
13.3k
AM4
22.2ʹ k
AM6
B AM5 B 3.3k
A A
AM2 11.1ʹ k 3.3k
AM3
AM1 13.8k
Now Shear force and bending moment diagrams
13.3k
22.2ʹ k 0 0.33 0 22.22
B 3.3k
A
11.1ʹ k 3.3k
0 0.33 11.1 0
13.8k
SFD BMD
= +
Member BC:
AM3 AM6
B C
AM1 AM4
AM2 AM5
AML3 AML6
B C 1 0
AML1 AML4
2 12
3 −24
AML2 AML5
4
= 0
5 12
= 24ʹ k
24ʹ k 6 24
B 2k/ft C
12ft
ADL2
12k 12k
shown below.
2
1
12ft
AMD31 AMD61 B θ=1 C
B C
AMD11 AMD41 θ=1
AMD21 AMD51 10ft
A
AMD32 AMD62 = 2
1
B C θ=1
AMD12 AMD42 B 12ft C
AMD22 AMD52
10ft
= .
11 12 0.06 0
21 22 −0.0417 −0.0417
31 32 0.333 0.167
6∗2 = =
41 42 −0.06 0
51 52 0.0417 0.0417
61 62 0.0167 0.333
= +
1 0.06 0 3.3 k
0
2 12 −0.0417 −0.0417 13.8 k
0.333 0.167 55.40 −22.2ˊ k
3 = −24 + =
4 0 −0.06 0 −99.714 −3.3 k
5
12 0.0417 0.0417 10.2 k
24 0.0167 0.333 0ˊ k
6
AM3 AM6
B C
AM1 AM4
AM2 AM5
22.2ʹk 0
B 2k/ft C
3.3k 3.3k
12ft
13.8k 10.2k
22.2ʹk 2k/ft 0
B C
3.3k 3.3k
12ft
13.8k 10.2k
13.8 10.2
= 5.1′
2
0 SFD
25.41 10.2
0 BMD
22.2
Combined shear force & bending moment diagrams:
BMD
SFD
1k/ft
B C
6ft
5k 12ft
Take EI = constant
6ft
20ft
So two redundant joint displacements should be chosen.
D1 D2
B C
20ft
12ft
Rotation at B & C is taken as redundant joint displacement.
1 ? 1 0
2∗1= = 2∗1= =
2 ? 2 0
B C
20ft
12ft

Compute ADL matrix.( Fixed end actions)
10k
= 7.5ʹ k = 33.33ʹ k 2
2.5 k 1 33.33ʹ k
B 1k/ft C
B ADL1 2.5 k
2.5 k 20ft
ADL2
10k 10k
5k 12ft
A 1 = −25ˊ 2 = 33.33ˊ
z
2.5 k
7.5ʹk 1 −25
= =
10k 2 33.33
locations.
i. 1st a unit rotation is applied at location 1 & prevented at 2 (D1=1 &
D2=0)as shown. Compute the values of S11 and S21 .
= 0.2EI 2
1 .
= 0.042EI 20ft
.
B θ=1 C
= .
θ=1 = = 0.015EI
12ft
.
. A
.
11 = + 21 =
11 = 0.533 21 = 0.1

location 2 and prevented at 1 ( D2=1 & D1=0 ) as shown.
Compute the values of S12 & S22 .
= . 2
1
θ=1
B = = 0.2EI
20ft C
.
= = .
12ft
.
12 = 22 =
12 = 0.1 22 = 0.2

11 = 0.533 12 = 0.1
21 = 0.1 22 = 0.2
= 11 12
21 22

S = matrix
0.1 0.2
1 = 1 + 11 1 + 12 2
2 = 2 + 21 1 + 22 2
1 = 1 + 11 12 1
2 2 21 22 2
2∗1 = 2∗1 + 2∗2 • 2∗1
= • −
1 11 12 1− 1
=
2 21 22 2− 2
1
1 0.533 0.1 0 − (−25.83)
=
2 0.1 0.2 0 − 33.33

1 87.93 1 assumed redundant joint
2 −210.61
wrong
= +
Member AB: AM5
AM6
B AM4
A
AM3 AM1
AM2
AML5 10k
AML6 = 7.5ʹ k
AML4 2.5 k
B
B 1 −2.5
2 10
3 −7.5
5k 12ft
4
= −2.5
5 −10
A
AML1 A 6 7.5
AML3 2.5 k
7.5ʹk
AML2 10k
shown below.
= 0.2EI 2
AMD51 1 .
= 0.042EI 20ft
AMD61 B
B AMD41 θ=1 C
= .
θ=1
12ft = = 0.015EI
.
A
AMD31 AMD11 A
.
AMD21 .
= . 2
AMD42 1
AMD62 θ=1
AMD52 B = = 0.2EI
B 20ft C
.
= = .
12ft
A
AMD32 AMD12
A
AMD22
.
11 12 0.42 0
21 22 −0.015 −0.015
31 32 0.167 0
6∗2 = =
41 42 −0.042 0
51 52 0.015 0.015
61 62 0.333 0
= +
1 0.42 0 1.193 k
−2.5
2 10 −0.015 −0.015 11.84 k
0.167 0 87.93 7.18ˊ k
3 = −7.5 + =
4 −2.5 −0.042 0 −210.61 −6.193 k
5
−10 0.015 0.015 −11.84 k
7.5 0.333 0 36.78ˊ k
6
11.84k
AM4
36.78ʹ k
AM6
B AM5 B 6.193k
A A
AM2 7.18ʹ k 1.193k
AM3
AM1 11.84k
11.84k
36.78ʹ k 0 6.193 0 36.78
B 6.193k
5k 12ft
A
7.18ʹ k 1.193k
0 1.193 7.18 0
11.84k
SFD BMD
= +
Member BC:
AM3 AM6
B C
AM1 AM4
AM2 AM5
AML3 AML6
B C
AML1 AML4
AML2 AML5 1 2.5

2 10
3 −33.33
= 33.33ʹ k
33.33ʹ k 4
= −2.5
B 1k/ft C 10
5
2.5k 2.5k
20ft 6 33.33
10k 10k
shown below.
= 0.2EI 2
1 .
0.042EI 20ft
B θ=1 C 0.042EI
.
AMD31 AMD61
B C θ=1
0.015EI
AMD11 AMD41 12ft
AMD21 AMD51
. A
.
AMD32 AMD62 2
1 .
B C θ=1 0.2EI
AMD12 AMD42 B 20ft C
AMD22 AMD52 .
.
12ft
.
11 12 0.042 0
21 22 −0.015 −0.015
31 32 0.2 0.1
6∗2 = =
41 42 −0.042 0
51 52 0.015 0.015
61 62 0.1 0.2
= +
1 0.042 0 6.193 k
2.5
2 10 −0.015 −0.015 11.8 k
0.2 0.1 87.93 −36.8ˊ k
3 = −33.33 + =
4 −2.5 −0.042 0 −210.61 −6.193 k
5
10 0.015 0.015 8.16 k
33.33 0.1 0.2 0ˊ k
6
AM3 AM6
B C
AM1 AM4
AM2 AM5
36.81ʹk 0
B 1k/ft C
6.193k 6.193k
20ft
11.8k 8.16k
36.81ʹk 0
B 1k/ft C
6.193k 6.193k
20ft
11.8k 8.16k
11.84 8.16
= 8.16′
1
0 SFD
8.16
0 BMD
36.81
Combined shear force & bending moment diagrams:
BMD
SFD
C D
12ft
Take 2k/ft
EI = constant B E
12ft
A F
24ft

C D
D2
D1 Rotation at B & C
B E is taken as redundant
joint displacement.
A F
1 ? 1 0
2∗1= = 2∗1= =
2 ? 2 0
• Step # 02 : Compute ADL matrix.( Fixed end actions)
C D
1 2
B B E E
2k/ft
= 96ʹ k 96ʹ k
24ft
B E
24k 24k
−96
A = 1 =
2 96 F
locations.
i. 1st D1=1 & D2 = 0 & Compute the values of S11 and S21 .
C D
θ=1
12ft
=
B 24ft
E
θ=1
θ=1
12ft
A F
11 = + + 21 =
11 = 0.833 21 = 0.0833

ii. Now D2 = 1 & D1 = 0 as shown. Compute the values of S12
& S22 .
C D
12ft
θ=1
θ=1
B E
24ft
12ft θ=1
A
F
12 = 22 = + +
12 = 0.083 22 = 0.833

11 = 0.833 12 = 0.0833
21 = 0.0833 22 = 0.833
= 11 12
21 22

S =
0.0833 0.833 matrix
1 = 1 + 11 1 + 12 2
2 = 2 + 21 1 + 22 2
1 = 1 + 11 12 1
2 2 21 22 2
2∗1 = 2∗1 + 2∗2 • 2∗1
= • −
1 11 12 1 − 1
=
2 21 22 2− 2
1
1 0.833 0.0833 0 − (−96)
=
2 0.0833 0.833 0 − 96

1 128 1 assumed redundant joint
2 −128
wrong
Step # 05: Compute the member end actions & you will get.
D
C .
. . ˊ . ˊ
12ft
. ˊ
. ˊ . ˊ
. ˊ
B E
24ft . ˊ
. ˊ
12ft
. ˊ
. ˊ
.
A .
F
Step # 06: Draw Shear force & bending moment diagram.
60k
B 3k/ft
A C
5ft 10ft
Take EI = constant
10ft
15ft 20ft

D1 D2
A
B C
1 ? 1 0
2∗1= = 2∗1= =
2 ? 2 0
B
A
C

• Step # 02 : Compute ADL matrix.( Fixed end actions)
133.33ʹ k 60k 66.67ʹ k = 100ʹ k 2

1 100ʹ k
B C B 3k/ft C
ADL1
5ft 10ft
20ft
0ʹ k 0k ADL2
44.4k 15.56k 30k 30k
B
10ft
A
0k
0ʹ k
= 1 = −33.33
2 100
locations.
i. D1 = 1 & D2 = 0) as shown. Compute the values of S11 and S21 .
1
. 2
. .
.
θ=1 B 20ft
A C
15ft θ=1
θ=1
10ft
.
D
11 = 0.2 + 0.4 + 0.267

21 = 0.1
11 = 0.867
ii. Now D2 = 1 & D1 = 0 & Compute the values of S12 & S22 .
1 . 2
.
B θ=1
A C
12 = 0.1 . .
22 = 0.2 D
11 12 0.867 0.1 Stiffness coefficient

= S =
21 22 0.1 0.2 matrix
1 = 1 + 11 1 + 12 2
2 = 2 + 21 1 + 22 2
1 = 1 + 11 12 1
2 2 21 22 2
2∗1 = 2∗1 + 2∗2 • 2∗1
= • −
1 11 12 1− 1
=
2 21 22 2− 2
1 1 0.867 0.1 0 − (−33.3)

=
2 0.1 0.2 0 − 100

1 102.6 1
= assumed redundant joint
2 −551 displacement direction is
wrong
Step # 05: Compute the member end actions & then draw shear force
and bending moment diagram.
Assignment 04(a).
Q1. Find the member end actions and the draw shear force and
bending moment diagram for the frames in problem 3 & 4
Q2. Analyze the frames given below using stiffness method.
Take EI = Constant
D
12ft
24k
6ft
2k/ft
A C
12ft B 12ft
Q2.a
Assignment 04(a).
12ft 20k
2k/ft
D
B
15ft 15ft
12ft
A
Q2.b
Part II
Analysis of Frames with side sway
10k
B 2k/ft C
2I
I I 12ft
Take EI = constant
A D
40ft 4ft

B C
2I
I I
A D
Deflected shape
C
B 2k/ft 40ʹk
2I
10k
I I 12ft
A D
40ft
The effect of overhanging portion can be taken as moment

and force at point C as shown above.
D1 D2
D3 B C
2I 1 ?
3∗1 = 2 = ?
3 ?
I I
1 0
2∗1 = 2 = 40ˊ
3 0
A D
Rotation at B , C and Sway is taken as redundant joint displacement.

compute the values of actions in the restrained structure
corresponding to the redundant locations. This will
generate ADL matrix.( Fixed end actions)
= 100ʹ k 40k
40k 100ʹ k
B 2k/ft C 0ʹ k
0ʹ k 0k 0k
B 40ft B
40k 40k 12ft

12ft
A A
0k 0k
0ʹ k 0ʹ k
1 −266.67
40k 40k
= 2 = 266.67
3 0
locations.
• 1st a unit rotation is applied at location 1 & prevented at 2 & #as
shown. Compute the values of S11 , S21 & S31.
• Then a unit rotation is applied at redundant displacement location 2
and prevented at 1 & 3 as shown. Compute the values of S12 , S22 &
S32 .
• Then a unit is applied at 3 and prevented at 1 & 2 as shown.
Compute the values of S12 , S22 & S32 .
i. 1st a unit rotation is applied at location 1 & prevented at 2 & 3.
(D1=1 & D2 = D3 = 0)as shown. Compute the values of S11 , S21 &
S31 .
.
.
. B 40ft C
θ=1
.
θ=1
. . 12ft
A D
.
.
11 = 0.2 + 0.33 = 0.533
21 = 0.1
31 = −0.0417

location 2 and prevented at 1 & 3( D2=1 & D1 = D3 = 0 ) as shown.
.
.
B θ=1 C
40ft .
. .
θ=1
. 12ft
A
D
.
.
12 = 0.1
22 = 0.2 + 0.333 = 0.533
32 = −0.0417

unit rotation applied at redundant location 2.
iii. Now a unit rotation is applied at the redundant displacement
location 2 and prevented at 1 ( D3=1 & D1 = D2 = 0 ) as shown.
D3 =1 D3 =1
B C
. 2I .
. .
I I
12ft
. .
.
A D .
13 = −0.0417
23 = −0.0417
33 = 0.0069 + 0.0069 = 0.0138

unit rotation applied at redundant location 2.
11 = 0.533 21 = 0.1 31 = −0.0417
12 = 0.1 22 = 0.533 32 = −0.0417
13 = −0.0417 23 = 0.0417 33 = 0.0138
11 12 13 0.533 0.1 −0.0417

= 21 22 23 = 0.1 0.533 −0.0417
31 32 33 −0.0417 −0.0417 0.0138
Stiffness coefficient matrix

3∗1 = 3∗1 + 3∗3 • 3∗1
= • −
1 11 12 13 1 − 1
2 = 21 22 23 2− 2
3 31 32 33 2− 2
1 1 0.533 0.1 −0.0417 0 − −266

2 = 0.1 0.533 −0.0417 40 − 266.67
3 −0.0417 −0.0417 0.0138 0−0
1 1 621.90
2 = −571.45
3 313.41
and bending moment diagram. CLASS ACTIVITY
Problem 06: Analyze the given Frame using stiffness method if the
yielding of support D to the right downwards in t-m units are &
respectively.
11.12t B C
4I
I 5m
10m 4I D
10m Take EI = constant

D2 D3
D1 B C
4I ?
1
I 3∗1 = 2 = ?
3 ?
4I
1 11.12
3∗1 = 2 = 0
3 0
A D
Rotation at B , C and Sway is taken as redundant joint displacement.

• Step # 02 : Computation of ADL matrix.( Fixed end actions).
As there is no external load acting on the frame that will
cause fixed end actions so the ADL matrix will consist
of restraining forces due to in direct loadings only.
1. Induce actions due to horizontal displacement of 20/EI (towards
right) at support D.
2. Induce actions due to vertical displacement of 50/EI (downward) at
support D.
1. Induce actions due to horizontal displacement of 20/EI (towards
right) at support D and get the values of ADLʹ.
B 4I, 10m C
1.92 t 4.8 t-m
10m 4I I 5m
D
= 1.92 t
∗
= = 4.8 t-m
A
Δ=
1ˊ = −1.92 2ˊ =0 3ˊ = 4.8 −
1. Induce actions due to vertical displacement of 50/EI (downward) at
support D and get the values of ADLʹʹ.
B 4I, 10m C ( ) ∗
= = 12 t-m
12 t-m
= 2.4 t
2.4 t I,5m
10m 4I D
Δ=
1ˊˊ =0 2ˊˊ = −12 − 3ˊˊ = −12 −

1ˊ = −1.92 2ˊ =0 3ˊ = 4.8 −
1ˊˊ =0 2ˊˊ = −12 − 3ˊˊ = −12 −
1 = 1ˊ + 1ˊˊ = −1.92
2 = 2ˊ + 2ˊˊ = −12 −
3 = 3ˊ + 3ˊˊ = −7.2 −
1 −1.92
= 2 = −12
3 −7.2
Step # 03 : Computation of stiffness coefficient matrix
i. When D1 =1 & D2 = D3 = 0 as shown.
D1 =1 D1 =1
B C
. . .
.
5m,I
4I,10m D
.
.
.
.
A
11 = 0.48 + 0.096 = 0.144
21 = −0.24 31 = −0.24
ii. When D2 =1 & D1 = D3 = 0 as shown.
.
.
B 10m,4I C
.
θ=1
.
5m,I
θ=1
.
.
D
10m,4I
A
.
.
12 = −0.24 22 = 1.6 + 1.6 = 3.2 32 = 0.8

iii. When D3 =1 & D1 = D2 = 0 as shown.
. .
B θ=1 C
10m,4I .
.
θ=1
5m,I
. .
10m,4I D
.
13 = −0.24 23 = 0.8 32 = 1.6 + 0.8 = 2.4

11 = 0.144 21 = −0.24 31 = −0.24
12 = −0.24 22 = 3.2 32 = 0.8
13 = −0.24 23 = 0.8 33 = 2.4
11 12 13 0.144 −0.24 −0.24 Stiffness

= 21 22 23 = −0.24 3.20 0.80 coefficient
matrix
31 32 33 −0.24 0.80 2.40
3∗1 = 3∗1 + 3∗3 • 3∗1
= • −
1 11 12 13 1 − 1
2 = 21 22 23 2− 2
3 31 32 33 2− 2
1 1 0.144 −0.24 −0.24 11.12 − −1.92

2 = −0.24 3.20 0.80 0 − (−12)
3 −0.24 0.80 2.40 0 − (−7.2)
1 1 128.369
2 = 10.276
3 12.408
and bending moment diagram. HOME WORK
9t
B 4.5t/m C E
10t
2I
2m,I 6t/m 3m
2I
4t
F
5m 6t/m 2I 2m,I
D
A
4m 2m
6m 6m
Take EI = constant

D2 D3
C E D3
D1 B
6m ,2I 6m ,2I
2m,I 3m
2I
F
5m 2I 2m,I
D
1 ? 1 10
2 ? 2 0
4∗1 = = 4∗1 = =
3 ? 3 0
4 ? 4 0
4 9t
12 8tm 8tm
B 4.5t/m C C E
4m 2m 4m 2m
12.5tm 4.5tm
15t 2tm 9t
2t
B E
C
2m
4t 3m 6t/m
6t/m 5m
2m F 9t
D
2t
A 15t 2tm 4.5tm
12.5tm
1 = −15 − 2 + 9 = −8.0
2 = 12.5 − 12 = −0.5 −
3 = 8 + 2 + 4 = 6.0 −
4 = 8 − 4.5 = 3.5 −
1 −266.67
266.67
= 2 =
3 0
4 3.5
i. When D1 =1 & D2 = D3 = D4 = 0 as shown.
D1 =1 D1 =1 D1 =1
. 6m ,2I C 6m ,2I E
B
. .
. .
.
3m, 2I
4m,I
F
2I,5m
D .
.
.
A
11 = 0.192 + 0.1875 + 0.88 = 1.2683
21 = −0.48 31 = −0.375 41 = −1.333

ii. When D2 =1 & D1 = D3 = D4 = 0 as shown.
.
6m ,2I C E
. B
θ=1 6m ,2I
.
. 3m ,2I
θ=1 4m ,I F
5m ,2I
D
A
.
.
12 = −0.48
22 = 1.6 + 1.33 = 2.933 32 = 0.6667 42 =0

iii. When D3 =1 & D1 = D2 = D4 = 0 as shown.
. . . .
θ=1 C 6m ,2I E
B
6m ,2I θ=1
.
θ=1 .
3m ,2I
4m ,I F
5m ,2I
D
.
.
A
13 = −0.375 23 = 0.6667
32 = 1.33 + 1.33 +1 = 3.6667 43 = 0.6667

iv. When D4 =1 & D1 = D2 = D3 = 0 as shown.
.
.
6m ,2I C θ=1 E
B
6m ,2I .
.
θ=1
3m ,2I
4m ,I
F
5m ,2I . .
D
14 = −1.333 24 = 0
34 = 0.6667 43 = 1.333 + 2.666 = 4.0

11 = 1.2683 21 = −0.48 31 = −0.375 41 = −1.333
12 = −0.48 22 = 2.933 32 = 0.6667 42 = 0
= −0.375 = 0.6667 33 = 3.6667 43 = 0.6667

13 23
= −1.333 = 0 34 = 0.6667 44 = 4.00

14 24
11 12 13 14 1.2683 −0.48 −0.375 −1.333

21 22 23 24 −0.48 2.933 0.6667 0
= =
31 32 33 34 −0.375 0.6667 3.6667 0.6667
41 42 43 44 −1.333 0 0.6667 4.00
3∗1 = 3∗1 + 3∗3 • 3∗1
= • −
1 11 12 13 14 1 − 1
2 = 21 22 23 24 2− 2
3 31 32 33 34 3− 3
4 41 42 43 44 4− 4
1 1.2683 −0.48 −0.375 −1.333 10 − −8.0

2
1 −0.48 2.933 0.6667 0 0 − 0.5
=
3 −0.375 0.6667 3.6667 0.6667 0 − 6.0
4 −1.333 0 0.6667 4.00 0 − 3.5
1 22.40
2
1 3.786
=
3 −1.271
4 6.802
and bending moment diagram. Class WORK
K.I = 6 degree
Take EI = constant
1 2
2 4
3 0
6∗1= =
4 0
5 0
6 0
1
2
= 3 = ?
6∗1
4
5
6
1 0
2 0
3 −9
= =
4 9
5 −18
6 18
i. When D1 =1 & D2 = D3 = D4 = D5 = D6 = 0 as shown.
i. When D1 =1 & D2 = D3 = D4 = D5 = D6 = 0 as shown.
11 = 0.444 + 0.444 = 0.888
21 = −0.888
31 = −0.666
41 = −0.666
51 = −0.666
61 = −0.666
ii. When D2 =1 & D1 = D3 = D4 = D5 = D6 = 0 as shown.
ii. When D2 =1 & D1 = D3 = D4 = D5 = D6 = 0 as shown.
12 = −0.888
22 = 1.387
32 = 0.666
42 = 0.666
52 =0
62 = 0.5
iii. When D3 =1 & D1 = D2 = D4 = D5 = D6 = 0 as shown.
iii. When D3 =1 & D1 = D2 = D4 = D5 = D6 = 0 as shown.
13 = −0.666
23 = 0.666
33 = 2.666
43 = 0.666
53 = 0.666
63 =0
iv. When D4 =1 & D1 = D2 = D3 = D5 = D6 = 0 as shown.
iv. When D4 =1 & D1 = D2 = D3 = D5 = D6 = 0 as shown.
14 = −0.666
24 = 0.666
34 = 0.666
44 = 2.666
54 =0
64 = 0.666
v. When D5 =1 & D1 = D2 = D3 = D4 = D6 = 0 as shown.
v. When D5 =1 & D1 = D2 = D3 = D4 = D6 = 0 as shown.
15 = −0.666
25 =0
35 = 0.666
45 =0
55 = 4.0
65 = 0.666
vi. When D6 =1 & D1 = D2 = D3 = D4 = D5 = 0 as shown.
vi. When D6 =1 & D1 = D2 = D3 = D4 = D5 = 0 as shown.
16 = −0.666
26 = 0.5
36 =0
46 = 0.666
56 = 0.666
66 = 3.332
11 12 13 14 15 15
21 22 23 24 25 26
= 31 32 33 34 35 35
41 42 43 44 45 46
51 52 53 54 55 56
61 62 63 64 65 66
0.888 −0.888 −0.666 −0.666 −0.666 −0.666

−0.888 1.387 0.666 0.666 0 0.5
−0.666 0.666 2.666 0.666 0.666 0
=
−0.666 0.666 0.666 2.666 0 0.666
−0.666 0 0.666 0 4.0 0.666
−0.666 0.5 0 0.666 0.666 3.332
3∗1 = 3∗1 + 3∗3 • 3∗1
= • −
1 0.888 −0.888 −0.666 −0.666 −0.666 −0.666 2 −0
2 −0.888 1.387 0.666 0.666 0 0.5 4 −0
3
1 −0.666 0.666 2.666 0.666 0.666 0 0+9
=
4 −0.666 0.666 0.666 2.666 0 0.666 0−9
5 −0.666 0 0.666 0 4.0 0.666 0 + 18
6 −0.666 0.5 0 0.666 0.666 3.332 0 − 18
1 6.6186
2 2.8619
3
1 3.3155
=
4 1.9350
5 5.9258
6 −5.3151
and bending moment diagram.
Assignment 04(b).
Q1. Find the member end actions and the draw shear force and
bending moment diagram for the frames in problem 5,6,7 & 8.
Q2. Develop stiffness matrix for the frame shown in fig. on next
slide.
Note: submit assignment 4(a & b) both in next class.
Assignment 04(b).
Q2.
References
• Structural Analysis by R. C. Hibbeler
• Matrix structural analysis by William Mc Guire
• Matrix analysis of frame structures by William Weaver
• Online Civil Engineering blogs

Module 8, Week 9, CE-301, Dr. Bashir Alam

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University of Engineering & Technology

CE301: Structure Analysis II

 Prerequisites for Analysis with stiffness method:

• Step # 01: Make the structure kinametically determinate, by

Step # 05: Compute the member end actions .

Rotation at B & C is taken as redundant joint displacement.

• Restrain all the degrees of freedom to get the restrained structure.

Basic kinematic determinate structure ( BKDS) or

S11 = Action(sum of moments in this case) in the BKDS at redundant displacement

S12 = Moment in the BKDS at redundant displacement location 1 due to

0.733 0.1667 Stiffness coefficient

2∗1 = 2∗1 + 2∗2 • 2∗1

1 1 0.733 0.1667 0 − (−24)

-ive sign shows that our

So the AMD values are

1 12 −0.0417 −0.0417 13.8 k

AMD21 AMD51 10ft

So the AMD values are

Rotation at B & C is taken as redundant joint displacement.

• Restrain all the degrees of freedom to get the restrained structure.

Basic kinematic determinate structure ( BKDS) or

S11 = Action(sum of moments in this case) in the BKDS at redundant displacement

S12 = Moment in the BKDS at redundant displacement location 1 due to

0.533 0.1 Stiffness coefficient

2∗1 = 2∗1 + 2∗2 • 2∗1

-ive sign shows that our

So the AMD values are

AML2 AML5 1 2.5

So the AMD values are

K.I = 2 degree ( neglecting the axial effects )

S11 = Action(sum of moments in this case) in the BKDS at redundant displacement

S12 = Moment in the BKDS at redundant displacement location 1 due to

0.833 0.0833 Stiffness coefficient

2∗1 = 2∗1 + 2∗2 • 2∗1

-ive sign shows that our

K.I = 2 degree ( neglecting the axial effects )

• Restrain all the degrees of freedom to get the restrained structure.

Basic kinematic determinate structure ( BKDS) or

133.33ʹ k 60k 66.67ʹ k = 100ʹ k 2

11 = 0.2 + 0.4 + 0.267

11 12 0.867 0.1 Stiffness coefficient

2∗1 = 2∗1 + 2∗2 • 2∗1

1 1 0.867 0.1 0 − (−33.3)

-ive sign shows that our

K.I = 3 degree ( neglecting the axial effects )

The effect of overhanging portion can be taken as moment

Rotation at B , C and Sway is taken as redundant joint displacement.

40k 40k 12ft

11 = 0.2 + 0.33 = 0.533

S11 = Action(sum of moments in this case) in the BKDS at redundant displacement

22 = 0.2 + 0.333 = 0.533

S12 = Moment in the BKDS at redundant displacement location 1 due to

33 = 0.0069 + 0.0069 = 0.0138

S13 = Moment in the BKDS at redundant displacement location 1 due to

11 = 0.533 21 = 0.1 31 = −0.0417

12 = 0.1 22 = 0.533 32 = −0.0417

13 = −0.0417 23 = 0.0417 33 = 0.0138

11 12 13 0.533 0.1 −0.0417

Stiffness coefficient matrix

3∗1 = 3∗1 + 3∗3 • 3∗1

1 1 0.533 0.1 −0.0417 0 − −266

10m Take EI = constant