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2017.02.15 Nfi Technicalguidance v11 1
2017.02.15 Nfi Technicalguidance v11 1
INTRODUCTION
This document provides advice to agencies delivering Non-Food Item (NFI) programming in Iraq to support conflict-affected families with individual
and general household support items to preserve health, safety, dignity and well-being. The basis of this document’s recommendations is on a
family consisting of 6 persons. Partners should tailor packages (both in type and quantity of items) based on needs and anticipated family
size if the rationale of 6 persons per household is not deemed appropriate. The focus of the items and kits described in this guidance document
are general household and personal support items, and not household shelter construction support items. Household shelter construction support
items, including Emergency Shelter Kits (ESK) and Emergency Sealing-Off Kits (ESOK), are described in other Shelter and NFI Cluster guidance.
A primary principle is to ensure that the quality of items meets needs adequately, is fit for purpose, and does not pose a risk to users. Shelter
Cluster Iraq strongly recommends agencies accompany distributions with clear guidance and/or training to ensure the safe and proper usage of
items, and the avoidance of injury or risk.
Suggested cost envelopes for kits are included in this guidance to encourage equitability of assistance between agencies and across different
geographic locations. They are based on estimate market costs1 (as of October 2016) for items meeting basic needs and for conducting household
activities (e.g. cooking, eating, sleeping). Example specifications have been provided as a guide to quality and standards for items. The contents
of kits should meet the minimum requirements set out below and be based on needs identified through assessment.
This document should be read in conjunction with the overall Shelter/NFI Cluster Strategy and other technical guidance published by the
Shelter/NFI Cluster2 including:
- Climatisation and Seasonal Support Guidance
- Emergency Shelter Kits (MESK / BESK)
- Emergency Sealing-Off Kits (ESOK)
- Cash and Shelter guidance
1 Market costs are approximate prices based on averages provided by cluster partners, and do not reflect bulk procurement costs nor include warehousing,
storage and distribution,
2 These documents can be found here: https://www.sheltercluster.org/library/technical-support-and-design
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NFI Technical Guidance
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Annex 1
Core Household NFI Kits
Annex 2
Seasonal NFI Kits
Annex 3
Seasonal Top-Up Items
Annex 4
General Household NFI Items
Annex 5
WASH Cluster Kit Guidance
Annex 6
Personal NFIs: Clothing
Annex 7
Guidance on Cooking stoves
and Heaters
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Mobile NFI Kit All 16 listed items must Shelter grade Plastic Sheeting; $100 – $130 1) Used in areas of transit or for
be provided in order to Blankets (Synthetic); Mylar populations ‘on-the-move’.
report a kit. Blankets; Spoons; Forks; Cups; 2) Designed to support a family of 6 for a
CORE NFI KIT
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NAME OF NFI KIT REPORTING KIT LIST PROCUREMENT ANTICIPATED USE
PACKAGE THRESHOLD VALUE
ENVELOPE
(USD)
Basic NFI Kit Contains at least 4 Shelter-grade Tarpaulin; Blankets $220 - $260 1) This kit should be delivered when IDPs
items from the following (possible to replace with sheets in will be at a site for more than 2 weeks. It
CORE NFI KIT
list in order to report a summer); Mattresses; Hygiene Kit is intended to address basic household
kit. (30 day); Kerosene or Gas needs such as sleeping comfort, collection
Cooker / Stove; Kitchen Set; Solar of water, maintaining hygiene, lighting and
Lantern; Water Jerry Can. security, and contribute to a family’s ability
to cook.
If a Hygiene Kit is Basic 30-day hygiene kit contains 2) Kit is composed of a minimum of 4
included, at least 7 detergent, soap box, soap, items from the agreed list.
items from the Basic shampoo, adult and child 3) Kit design / composition should address
Hygiene Kit list are toothbrushes, toothpaste, towel, each of the above basic household needs.
required. washing line, sanitary pads.
If a Kitchen Set is 6 bowls, 6 Cups, 6 plates,
included, at least 5 Cooking Pot, Cooking Pot / Frying
items from the agreed Pan, 6 Forks, 6 Knives, 6 Spoons,
list are required. Wooden Stirring Spoon, Steel
Serving Spoons, Kitchen Knife,
Scouring Pad.
Winter Basic Kit contains minimum 6 Minimum 4 items from Basic NFI $220 - $260 1) A seasonal NFI kit comprised of a
SEASONAL NFI KITS
NFI Kit items - at least 4 items Kit list (above) plus Kerosene minimum of 4 items from the Basic NFI
from Basic NFI Kit list Heater and Kerosene Jerrycan Kit list plus 2 specific items that address
PLUS 2 Seasonal NFI heating / warmth needs in winter (kerosene
items. heater and kerosene jerry can).
2) Kit contains a minimum of 6 items.
Summer Basic Kit contains minimum 6 Minimum 4 items from Basic NFI $220 - $260 1) A seasonal NFI kit comprised of a
NFI Kit items - at least 4 items Kit list plus Fan and Coolbox. minimum of 4 items from the Basic NFI
from Basic NFI Kit list Kit list plus 2 specific items that address
PLUS 2 Seasonal NFI cooling needs in summer (fan and coolbox).
items. 2) Kit contains a minimum of 6 items.
Winter Top-Up 2 items from the list are Thermal roll mat, Carpet, Up to $70 A minimum of 2 items from the agreed list
provided. Kerosene Heater, Kerosene are provided to assist with heating, warmth
Jerrycan, Mattress and/or protection from the elements in
winter.
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NAME OF NFI KIT REPORTING KIT LISTS PROCUREMENT ANTICIPATED USE
PACKAGE THRESHOLD VALUE
ENVELOPE
(USD)
Summer Top- 2 items from the list are Fan, Coolbox, Shading net, Up to $70 A minimum of 2 items from the agreed list
Up provided. Bedsheets, Water Jerrycan, are provided to assist with cooling, shading
Quilts. and/or ventilation during summer.
General Unspecified - as per Plastic bucket with lid; Towel; Individual item Other optional Household NFIs may be
Household NFI identified needs. Pillow; Plastic Mat; Duct Tape; price provided in addition to the minimum kit
OPTIONAL NFI
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Simplified Basic All 3 items in the list Detergent, Soap, Sanitary pads $6 - $10 For initial emergency response, to cover
are needed in order to critical hygiene needs for a family for up to
WASH NFI KITS
Kit
report a kit 3 days
Basic Hygiene Kit contains at least 7 Detergent, soap box, soap, $25 - $30 Kits for 1st and 2nd line response, to cover
Kit items from list in order shampoo, adult and child needs of a family (6 persons) for 30 days
to report a kit toothbrushes, toothpaste, towel,
washing line, sanitary pads
Hygiene items / Detergent, soap, shampoo, $15 - $25 Kit for 1 month for 1 household of 6
consumables All 5 required items toothpaste, sanitary pads members (3 male, 3 female – 3 adults, 3
needed to report children)
replenishment
Baby Kit Kit contains at least 4 Soap, shampoo, rash cream, $10 - $15 Supplementary kit for families with a baby,
required items from the towel, disposable diapers for 30 days
list in order to report a
kit
Water Kit Kit contains at least 2 Bucket with lid, Water jerrycan, $5 - $10 Supplementary kit for families without water
required items from the Toilet jug items, to be replaced after 90 days.
list in order to report a
kit
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ANNEXES
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BLANKET, SYNTHETIC, 1.5x2m, medium thermal
Make: Knitted or woven, dry raised both sides
Content ISO 1833 on dry weight: 100% virgin
polyester and/or acrylic fibres or polyester/cotton
Colours: Any dark uniform colour, other than black,
2 Blanket piece 3 6.5 19.5 red, or white.
Size: 150 x 200cm +3%/-1%. To be taken on flat
stabilised sample, without folds.
Weight: 350 to 670g/m2 Weight determined by total
weight/total surface.
Min. 10 ml capacity
Stainless steel, solid.
Min. 17 cm length
4 Spoon piece 6 0.5 3
Min. 1 mm thickness in the center of the scoop
No sharp edges, food grade surface finish.
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250 ml capacity or equivalent of hard plastic cups
Strong and durable quality, food grade
Or
Capacity: 0.3 litre minimum.
Material: stainless steel.
6 Cup piece 6 1 6 Thickness: min 0.5mm in the bottom and 0.4mm at
20mm from the top of the wall.
Handle: Securely welded. Handle to resist to 1kg pulling.
Hard plastic
Min. 20 cm diameter
Min. 3 cm deep in the middle
Strong and durable quality, food grade
8 Deep plate piece 3 1 3 Or
Material: stainless steel.
Min. 20 cm diameter
Min. 3 cm deep in the middle
Thickness: min 0.5mm in the center of the bottom.
Finish: no sharp edges, food grade surface finish.
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Basic first aid kit to contain packed in a small bag:
-Plasters in a variety of different sizes and shapes
small, medium and large sterile gauze dressings
-Two sterile eye dressings
-Triangular bandages
-Rolled bandages
-Safety pins
-Disposable sterile gloves
Basic First -Tweezers
9 piece 1 15 15
Aid Kit -Scissors
-Alcohol-free cleansing wipes
-Sticky tape
-Thermometer (preferably digital)
-Mosquito Repellent.
- Insect bites ointment.
-Suncream (30 SPF)
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Collapsible container, 10 L capacity.
Made of PVC coated polyester fabric, polyethylene, or equivalent
material.
Collapsible UV resistant, can withstand ambient temperatures of -20°C to
12 piece 2 2.2 4.4
+50°C.
Jerrycan
Suitable for drinking water storage, tested and approved by
recognized and specialized laboratories.
13 Duct tape piece 1 0.75 0.75 Extra Heavy Duty Tape, 48mm x 54.8m
Back to start
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BLANKET, SYNTHETIC, 1.5x2m, medium thermal
Make: Knitted or woven, dry raised both sides
Content ISO 1833 on dry weight: 100% virgin polyester and/or acrylic
fibres or polyester/cotton
Colours: Any dark uniform colour, other than black, red, or white.
Blanket Size: 150 x 200cm +3%/-1%. To be taken on flat stabilised sample, without
2A (1 per family piece 6 8 48 folds.
member) Weight: 350 to 670g/m2 Weight determined by total weight/total
surface.
Note the number per family should be 1 per family member.
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Agency should assess whether kerosene or SELECT EITHER KEROSENE COOKER /
gas is more appropriate per area. STOVE OR GAS COOKER / STOVE
Kerosene or
20- 20- Essential Item, where communal kitchens not (4A or 4B or 4C)
4 Gas Cooker / piece 1
50 50 provided.
Stove Note that gas canisters cannot be purchased FOR COOKING PURPOSES (NOT SPACE
in many locations. HEATING)
2 kg gas cylinder and cooking burner attached
Stainless Steel.
Fuel Containing Capacity:- 3 Liter.
Number Of Wicks:- 10 Wicks (Cotton)
Kerosene Consumption Rate:- 151 - 165 gms/hr
Useful Heat Output:- 940 - 950 K.Cals/hr
Thermal Efficiency:- 60%
Kerosene Quality Standard:- IS:2980 (ISI)
20- 20-
4C Wick Cooker piece 1
50 50 Net Weight Of Stove:- 2.930 Kilograms
/ Stove Master Cartoon CTN:- Corrugated Box
Contents Per CTN:- 6 Pieces in 1 CTN
Dimension mm CTN:- 850 x 560 x 200
Gross Weight/CTN:- 21.120 Kilograms
Net Weight /CTN:- 17.580 Kilograms.
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6 bowls - Stainless Steel, 6 Cups, 6 plates, Cooking Pot - 5 ltr,
Cooking Pot / Frying Pan - 7 ltr, Forks - 6, Knives – 6, Spoons - 6,
Wooden Stirring Spoon, Steel Serving Spoons – 2no, Kitchen Knife
5 Kitchen Set set 1 20 20 - stainless steel 15cm, Scouring Pad.
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Detergent - 1 x 200g; Soap Box - 1; Soap - 6; Shampoo
- 2 x 500ml; Adult toothbrush - 3; Child toothbrush - 3;
Toothpaste - 1 x 450ml; Towel - 1; Washing line - 1 x
10m; Sanitary pads - 1 pack of 10.
8 Hygiene Kit piece 1 28 28 The hygiene kit should be replenished every 30 days.
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WINTER BASIC NFI KIT - at least 6 items (2 below + 4 from Basic NFI Kit)
Unit
Item Cost
# Unit No. cost Specifications Description IMAGE
description /$
/$
Equivalent to Alpaca Brand, Model # TS-77, double tank, glass burner, heat
Kerosene output 2800 Kcal/H, fuel consumption 0.30 L/H, size (470*330*330)mm,
Heater Weight net: 5.6 kg gross:6.6 kg, tank capacity 6.0 liter, heating space 16-18
1 piece 1 40 40 m2, Made in S. Korea.
ESSENTIAL
ITEM
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SUMMER BASIC NFI KIT - at least 6 items (2 below + 4 from Basic NFI Kit)
Unit
Item Cost
# Unit No. cost Specifications Description IMAGE
description /$
/$
16 inches, 12 V DC, 220V rechargeable, 15 W high speed (3 hrs operational
Rechargeable time) - 9 W low speed (8 hrs operational time)
Fan
1 piece 1 30 30
ESSENTIAL
ITEM
30 to 40 liter HDPE Cool box, hinged lid, Ice retention. 1.5 + days, handle
Coolbox
2 piece 1 24 24
ESSENTIAL
ITEM
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Kerosene
2 piece 1 3 3
Jerrycan
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Kerosene Agency should assess whether kerosene SELECT EITHER KEROSENE COOKER / STOVE
or gas is more appropriate per area. OR GAS COOKER / STOVE
Cooker /
20- Essential Item, where communal kitchens (4A or 4B or 4C)
4 Stove or Gas piece 1 20-50
50 not provided.
Cooker / Note that gas canisters cannot be FOR COOKING PURPOSES (NOT SPACE
Stove purchased in many locations. HEATING)
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2 kg gas cylinder and cooking burner attached
Stainless Steel.
Fuel Containing Capacity:- 3 Liter.
Number Of Wicks:- 10 Wicks (Cotton)
Kerosene Kerosene Consumption Rate:- 151 - 165 gms/hr
20- Useful Heat Output:- 940 - 950 K.Cals/hr
4C Wick Cooker / piece 1 20-50
50 Thermal Efficiency:- 60%
Stove
Quality Standard:- IS:2980 (ISI)
Net Weight Of Stove:- 2.930 Kilograms
Master Cartoon CTN:- Corrugated Box
Contents Per CTN:- 6 Pieces in 1 CTN
Dimension mm CTN:- 850 x 560 x 200
Gross Weight/CTN:- 21.120 Kilograms
Net Weight /CTN:- 17.580 Kilograms.
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BLANKET, SYNTHETIC, 1.5x2m, medium thermal
Make: Knitted or woven, dry raised both sides
Content ISO 1833 on dry weight: 100% virgin polyester and/or acrylic
fibres or polyester/cotton
Colours: Any dark uniform colour, other than black, red, or white.
Size: 150 x 200cm +3%/-1%. To be taken on flat stabilised sample,
5 Blanket piece 6 8 48 without folds.
Weight: 350 to 670g/m2 Weight determined by total weight/total
surface.
Note the number per family should be 1 per family member.
7 Carpet piece 2 16 32
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Polypropylene or recycled reed-woven mat, 3m x 4m
8 Mat piece 1 14 14
In past years in Iraq, Extruded Polystyrene (XPS) has been distributed as an NFI as part of tent / shelter insulation activities. However, due to
the requirement for a higher level of guidance and supervision in the appropriate use of this material, it is not recommended to be included as a
standard item of winter NFI support. However, it continues to be relevant as part of shelter improvement activities (including winter shelter
insulation). This requires a more coherent and comprehensive modality of implementation compared to NFI distributions, to ensure that
insulation materials are properly, effectively and safely employed. Shelter Cluster Iraq should be consulted on any proposed use of XPS in
winter strategies.
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Back to start
30 to 40 liter HDPE Cool box, hinged lid, Ice retention. 1.5 + days, handle
2 Coolbox piece 1 24 24
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Type One. Size : 1.60X2.20 M
Thickness : 2 mm Cotton
Weight : 0.5 kg
Quantity : 3 pcs per pack
Bedsheet OR
5 (1 per family piece 6 8 48 Type Two. Size : 1.60X2.20 M
member) Thickness : 1 mm
Weight : 0.3 kg
Quantity : 3 pcs per pack
Capacity: 10L. Minimum weight: 180g. Material: Manufactured of food grade LDPE should not
contain toxic elements according to EN 1186 & EN 13130 and shall comply with Regulation
(EU) 10/2011 and its amendments: Overall migration ≤ 10 mg/dm2. Must
stand by itself, even when filled to 1/4 of its maximum volume.
6 Water Jerrycan piece 1 2 2 Fitted with:
- One or two built-in carrying handles with minimum 9 cm long and 3 cm
high, with no sharp edges, OR
- A carrying handle made of plastic, attached to the bag with two galvanized
steel rings.
- A screw able cap.
Essential Item, where WASH actors have not already delivered
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NFI Technical Guidance
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ANNEX 4 GENERAL HOUSEHOLD NFI Back to start
20 litres plastic bucket (HDPE) with lid, cap, plastic handle and plastic
tap
Plastic bucket
1 piece 2 3 6
with lid
2 Towel piece 6 2 12
3 Pillow piece 6 4 24
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NFI Technical Guidance
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4 drawers
440W x 320D x 710H mm
Plastic cabinet
8 piece 1 10 10
with drawers
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NFI Technical Guidance
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ANNEX 5 WASH CLUSTER KIT GUIDANCE Back to start
The definition of a standardized, cluster-agreed hygiene kit is being prioritized. As a minimum, and in line with cluster minimum standards, distribution
of a basic hygiene kit, containing consumables such as bathing soap, laundry soap and female sanitary napkins, and non-consumables such as
towels, tooth brushes and washing lines, is recommended by the WASH cluster to ensure basic hygiene and dignity of affected populations. The
Simplified Basic Kit (A) can be considered to ensure initial, rapid provision of critical hygiene items, on an emergency basis, in a situation where
no other hygiene assistance has been provided or where access and resources are limited. The Basic Hygiene Kit (B) and Water Kit (E) should
be provided as standard for all 1st and 2nd line responses, while the other kits (C, D, F, G) should be provided based on specific need of families, and
time of year.
This guidance does not cover the Rapid Response Mechanism (RRM), which includes a specific kit.
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Soap for personal hygiene. Wrapped bar. Non-perfumed, for normal skin. Hypoallergenic,
Soap Piece 6 0.35 2.10
wrapped bar. 250 g per person. Long durability.
Shampoo Piece 2 1.50 3.00 Hypoallergenic, PH factor 5.5, bottle 500 ml.
Adult Adult size, medium hardness, individually wrapped.
Piece 3 0.90 2.70
Toothbrush
Child Children size, soft, individually wrapped
Piece 3 0.70 2.10
Toothbrush
Toothpaste Piece 1 4.00 4.00 Tube. 450 ml, peppermint flavor (75ml per person per month)
100% cotton, Size 130cm x 75cm, 340 gsm (a thick bath towel, with rough, loose, uncut pile, very
Towel (large) Piece 1 5.00 5.00
absorbent).
Washing Line Piece 1 1.00 1.00 10 m, polypropylene center, PVC covered.
Sanitary towels, disposable, pack of 10. Ultra-Thin Material: Cotton Shape: Winged Feature: Super
Sanitary pads Pack 4 1.00 4.00
Absorbent Style: Size: Large or 350mm
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D: Baby Kit
Supplementary kit for families with a baby, for 30 days
Total
Unit
Item Unit Number cost Specification Description
cost/$
($)
Non-perfumed, for baby. Hypoallergenic, wrapped bar. 100 g
Soap Piece 1
0.35 0.35
500 ml., Hypoallergenic, PH factor 5.5
Shampoo Piece 1
1.50 1.50
Zinc ointment, one tube of 125 g
Rash cream Tube 1
1.00 1.00
100% cotton, size 50 x 80cm, 340 gsm, very absorbent
Towel (small) Piece 1
2.00 2.00
Disposable Pack of 30 or 32 pieces Small or Medium size diapers
Pack 1
diapers 9.00 9.00
E: Water Kit
Supplementary kit for families without water items, to be replaced after 90 days
Total
Unit
Item Unit Number cost Specification Description
cost/$
($)
14L HDPE bucket (High Density Poly Ethylene), UV resistant and safe for food and water storage. Tight
Bucket with Lid Piece 1
2.00 2.00 fitting lid
Jerry Can 20L Made of food grade PVC coated polyester fabric, polyethylene, or equivalent material.
Piece 2
(Water) 2.20 4.40
2L Toilet jug, plastic, for sanitary cleansing
Toilet Jug Piece 1
2.00 2.00
Total estimated cost for 1 kit ($)
8.40
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NFI Technical Guidance
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F. WATER HEATERS
Supplementary materials for 1 family for winterization
Water heaters are included as an NFI as an item that can be purchased and distributed to households as part of seasonal support during the cold months.
However, technical input will be required during installation, and they may be included in shelter upgrading activities.
Water heaters are important from a health perspective – avoiding bathing due to cold weather could increase the risk of disease due to poor personal hygiene.
Given the high safety risks, locally-made immersion water heaters, and kerosene heaters are not recommended for use. Solar or wall mounted electrical
installations are recommended if deemed necessary. Any installations must be undertaken in consultation with Shelter-NFI and CCCM Cluster/partners, and any
relevant camp administration or management structures.
Unit
Item Suggested Specification Description
cost/$
Energy boilers (Communal): Solar energy boilers*** ( Heat Pipe Vacuum Tube Pressurized Solar Water Heater Solar Boiler Solar
Thermal Calentador Solar capacity more than 300 ltr model type / Evacuated Tube Solar Water Heater, Compact Type, Bracket/
Solar Water
500 Galvanized Steel / Aluminum Alloy, interior material/Stainless Steel). NB: In camps experience has been varied with communal solar
Boilers
water heaters. They would also require water connection/space/a system in place to have equitable access. Household level systems
may be more appropriate.
Electrical water heaters (wall mounted), color white with capacity of 80 liters, 1200 Watt, 220 Volts with insulation material and thickness
Electrical of 20 mm, temperature gauge, thermostat, Interior Material Enamel, Housing Material Metal. Choice would have to be in line with camp
100
Water Heaters level connections (water heater may require 5.5 Amp however at least at camp level the connection at tent level is only 4 Amp). Any
options need to be made in consultation with CCM/Shelter actors
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DIGNITY KITS
The purpose of Dignity Kits is to promote mobility and safety of women and girls by providing age, gender and culturally appropriate items in
addition to basic sanitary and hygiene items. The items should be tailored to form an appropriate kit through consultation with affected populations
and target groups, in order to provide supplementary materials for individuals and families with assessed and identified specific needs. In the
design of kits and specifications, guidance should be sought from different Clusters (such as Shelter, WASH, Health and Protection) to ensure
contents and quality match needs, to ensure appropriate targeting and means of distribution.
Dignity Kits are cross-sector in nature, and thus may not necessarily fall under the remit of the Shelter-NFI Cluster or partners (including for
reporting purposes).
The table below gives an example of Dignity Kits distributed3 during the 2016 Mosul Response. Other items may be included.
Sanitary towels, disposable, pack of 10. Ultra-Thin Material: Cotton Shape: Winged Feature: Super Absorbent Style: Size: Large or
Sanitary pads 2
350mm.
Female
4
underwear 100% cotton underwear, of appropriate size and design. 2 sizes.
Female
1 Plastic slippers, pair, size 39
slippers
Anti-mite hair Bottle, 200ml.
1
shampoo
Hair comb 1 Durable plastic, mid-size
Vaseline 1 50ml tub
Nail clippers 1 Normal size
Sewing kit 1 Various sized needles and colours of thread.
Wet wipes 2 Packets; containing 90 pieces each
Bath towel 1 Cotton, 50 x 100cm
Flashlight 1 Solar powered
Bag 1 Female carry bag
3 Courtesy of UNFPA
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General principles
It is necessary to consider fuel storage safety as well as considering safety in terms of fire prevention and general use of cookers/stoves and
heaters.
Safety considerations may include (in coordination with local authorities and CCCM actors):
- Clear labels or stickers for jerry cans to ensure fuel is not mistaken for water.
- Fire safety and fire-fighting guidance posters, IEC material, and training on use of stoves, heaters and storage of fuel.
- Inclusion of fire extinguishers, fire blankets, smoke alarms and other equipment to households / settlements as part of distributions.
- Training in fire prevention and fire-fighting methods.
- Support to identify a good location for heating / cooking units and guidance in safe and appropriate use (including consideration of
ventilation).
Care must be taken to assess beneficiaries’ ability to source fuel and undertake repair, operation and maintenance activities on stoves or
heaters. In some locations, gas or kerosene may not be available or may be in limited/restricted supply, so selection of appropriate stove or
heating mechanisms is important to ensure the effectiveness of household assistance over a longer period of time. Where possible, cash
equivalents may be considered.
The Shelter-NFI Cluster does not encourage agencies to support displaced families with fuel because of variable agency capacity leading to
inconsistent assistance, poor sustainability in a protracted crisis, and the difficulty of justifying funding fuel subsidies to a hydrocarbon fuel-
producing country where, for example, the state has a primary duty. Nevertheless, due to the difficult economic situation faced in Iraq and KRI
currently, the ability of duty bearers to support displaced populations in this regard may be weak. It is recommended that agencies confirm access
and sources of fuel for any heating or cooking stoves provided as NFIs in advance of distributions, for which concerted advocacy and coordination
with authorities and other partners may be necessary.
Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs) are common during winter when shelters are more sealed from moisture and cold draughts. Care should
be taken when distributing Cookers/Stoves and Heaters that families have sufficient options to ensure proper ventilation of the shelter.
Agencies should take note of the difference between Cooking Stoves and (Space) Heaters, as outlined below. While beneficiary families
have been known to use stoves / heaters for both cooking and heating purposes, they should only be used for the designed purpose in order
not to pose a health and safety risk. This should guide the design of kits or top up distributions, and should be clearly communicated to
beneficiary households upon receipt of items through training and guidance in safe and proper usage.
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COOKING
Families in both camp and out-of-camp settings may not have access to cooking facilities. The Rapid Response Mechanism (RRM) provides ready-
to-eat food which does not require cooking. However, it is important that cooking facilities are available as soon as possible to allow other types of
food to be delivered by the Food Security cluster. Where family or communal kitchens (with stoves) are not available then consideration should be
given to the provision of cooking stoves in order to support families with the preparation of food and water heating.
When choosing between Kerosene and Gas Cooking Stoves the following should be considered:
1. There is a general preference to cooking on gas stoves, because the kerosene from kerosene stoves is thought to leave a smell and taste on
food.
2. If providing gas cooking stoves beneficiary families may need to purchase a gas canister if this is not distributed as well, which can be an expensive
initial purchase (up to 50,000 IQD / $40 - $50). This can be a barrier to the gas cooking stove being used.
3. Cooking with gas is known to be cheaper than kerosene in the long run. Refilling gas canisters may be possible if access to markets exist.
4. There have been reports of both children and adults consuming kerosene (mistaking it for water) because of unclear labelling or poor storage.
5. Kerosene stoves are known to become clogged fairly quickly if poor quality fuel is used, and may lead to the items requiring maintenance.
6. For more information please see the ‘2017.01.15 Kerosene-LPG Gas Cooking Stove Information Note v01’ available on cluster website.
7. For information on kerosene and gas storage and handling please see: https://www.sheltercluster.org/iraq/documents/resources-kerosene-and-
propane-handling-storage
Item Unit cost/$ Suggested Specification Description
Stainless Steel. Fuel Containing Capacity:- 3 Liter. Number Of Wicks:- 10 Wicks (Cotton). Kerosene
Consumption Rate:- 151 - 165 gms/hr. Useful Heat Output:- 940 - 950 K.Cals/hr. Thermal Efficiency:- 60%.
KEROSENE Quality Standard:- IS:2980 (ISI). Net Weight Of Stove:- 2.930 Kilograms. Master Cartoon CTN:- Corrugated
COOKING $20 - $50 Box. Contents Per CTN:- 6 Pieces in 1 CTN. Dimension mm CTN:- 850 x 560 x 200. Gross Weight/CTN:-
STOVE 21.120 Kilograms. Net Weight /CTN:- 17.580 Kilograms.
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NFI Technical Guidance
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(SPACE) HEATING
Heaters may be provided as part of a winter NFI Kit, allowing internal spaces within shelters to be warmed. They are not designed or intended to be used to
cook, and families should be made aware of the safety aspects in relation to both cookers/stoves and heaters, such as likelihood of tipping, care around small
children, and touching hot parts.
KEROSENE Equivalent to Alpaca Brand, Model # TS-77, double tank, glass burner, heat output 2800 Kcal/H, fuel consumption 0.30 L/H, size
(SPACE) $20 - $50 (470*330*330)mm, Weight net: 5.6 kg gross:6.6 kg, tank capacity 6.0 liter, heating space 16-18 m2, Made in S. Korea.
HEATER
Examples of Heaters:
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NFI Technical Guidance
v11 – February 2017
FIRE SAFETY
Agencies should develop Fire Safety awareness messages, samples are available from CCCM, and training / awareness raising measures
to accompany distributions of cookers/stoves and heaters. This should be undertaken in conjunction with any site management authorities, fire
services and CCCM where relevant to ensure that messages are consistent, reflect best practice, and correspond with available fire-fighting
and fire safety measures on site.
The flame and fire retardant properties of materials in NFI kits should also be considered during specification, testing and procurement. An
understanding of how and where the items will be used, in relation to other aspects of the shelter or building (for example, localised risks such
as water ingress, electrical circuits or fuel storage areas) will help to develop guidance and awareness that can be targeted towards specific
households or settlements, identify potential hazards, and allow mitigation of these risks. Availability of and training in the use of fire-fighting
equipment should comprise part of the overall fire risk analysis of a shelter or settlement.
Selection of items for NFI distributions should ideally be undertaken in coordination with shelter activities / actors in order to meet needs in
a consistent and comprehensive manner. This also includes the design or upgrading of shelters to take into consideration the need for
adequate ventilation of cooking areas and heated spaces during winter, and other features such as partitioning (and associated use of
appropriate materials to limit fire spread), compartmentalisation, and fire evacuation routes.4
It is worth noting that the largest cause of fires in camp settings in Iraq has been poor (and unauthorised) electrical connections. Proximity
of flammable materials and items (such as insulation or tent walls) to circuitry should be taken into consideration when awareness raising
activities or shelter upgrading works are undertaken. Likewise, site planning, distances between shelters and fire breaks should be integrated
into an overall strategy for fire risk reduction.
4For more information, see Shelter Cluster Iraq: Technical Guidance on Climatisation and Seasonal Support, November 2016.
Also see: “How to Keep Warm in Winter” (English & Arabic), CARE International 2014, http://www.humanitarianlibrary.org/resource/how-keep-warm-winter-
english-0 / http://www.humanitarianlibrary.org/resource/how-keep-warm-winter-arabic-0
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