8

SCIENC
Quarter 1 – Module 9:
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE TO
THE SPEED OF SOUND

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Science – Grade 8
Quarter 1 – Module 9: Effect of Temperature to the Speed of Sound

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Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad

Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin

DEVELOPMENT TEAM OF THE

WRITER Jasmin P.
Nacion Jeriel G.

REVIEWER Lawrence Ann L.

Mendina Gloria H.
Gealone Rowena C. de
Leon
Maria Charlene D.

EDITOR Maria Charlene D.

Dipad Welimen C.
Oseo Michelle H.

LAYOUT ARTISTS: Roman B.

Jebulan

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Most Essential Learning Competency

Investigates the Effect of Temperature to the Speed of

Sound

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 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE TO
THE SPEED OF SOUND

Introduction

What would you do if there’s no sound? What is the use

of movies, music, and sound-related gadgets? Life is dull without
sound. It helps us relax and communicate messages in many
different ways.

In this module, you will learn how temperature is affected

by the movement of particles and you will explain how
temperature affects the speed of sound.

Most Essential Learning

Competency & Objectives

In this module, you will learn to Investigates the effect of temperature to

the speed of sound
Specifically, you will learn to:
 Describe how temperature is affected by the movement of
particles.
 Explain how temperature affects the speed of sound.

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 Pre-Test

Before we start our lesson, try to answer the following questions below.

Directions: Read the questions carefully and choose the letter of the correct
answer.
1. What are the factors affecting the speed of sound as it travels through
the air?
I – Density II – Pressure III – Temperature

a. I and II only c. I and III only

b. II and III only d. I, II and III

2. The speed of sound during hot days is the speed of

sound during cooler days.

a. the same as c. greater than

b. less than d. cannot be determine

3. What happens to the speed of sound in a medium if the molecules

vibrate faster? The speed of sound .
a. decreases c. fluctuates
b. increases d. remain unchanged

4. On which air temperature does sound travel the

fastest? a. 150Cb. 200c c. 250C d. 300C

5. How does the temperature of the medium affect the speed of sound?
a. When the temperature increases, the air molecules moves
faster so the speed of sound is slower.
b. When the temperature increases, the air molecules moves
faster so the speed of sound is faster.
c. When the temperature decreases, the air molecules moves
faster so the speed of sound is slower.
d. When the temperature decreases, the air molecules moves
faster so the speed of sound is slower.

 Key to answers on page 16

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Don’t worry if you get a low score. Just go on with the module to learn and check if you’re answ

Learning Activities

E LICIT
Let us recall what you have studied in Grade 7 about sound. Read eac

STATEMENT FACT BLUFF

1. Sound is an example of longitudinal
wave.
2. Sound is a carrier of energy.
3. Sound is produced by a vibrating
object.
4. Sound does not need a medium to
propagate.
5. The arrangement of particles in solid,
liquid and gas affect the speed of
sound.

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E NGAGE

Consider the conversation of two Grade 8

students, Alex and Shine. Then, write your ideas
on what time of the day Alex’s mother can hear
better.

I am wondering if
mother has difficulty Why do you
listening to me in the
say so?
evening when she
prepares dinner for me.

Because I asked her to pass the

rice but she seemed she didn’t
hear me. During the day I asked
her about the butter she readily
gave it to me.

Does that mean, she

can hear better in
the morning but not
in the evening?

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 I think

____________________________
__
____________________________
__
______________________________
__
______________________________
. __
______________________________

You will learn more about these concepts as you as you go on this module.

EXPLORE
In this activity you are going to describe how temperature is affected by the movement of pa

Exploration 1: Temperature and the Movement of Particles

Picture Analysis

Low temperature High temperature

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Guide Questions:
Q1. What can you say about the movement of particles at low temperature?

Q2. What can you say about the movement of particles at high temperature?

Q3: How does the temperature affect the movement of particles?

Exploration 2: Faster Sound…in hotter or cooler?

Picture Analysis
In this activity you are going to analyze the picture below and explain how temperature affe
speed of sound.

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Guide Questions:

1. What is the speed of sound when temperature is at -1 oC?

2. What is the speed of sound when temperature is at 45 oC?

3. Is there relationship between temperature and the speed of sound?

4. How does temperature affect the speed of sound?

Great! You have completed the activities. Take time to review and analyze

EXPLAIN

Now, give yourself enough time to read the concepts of this lesson. It will help you clarify the an

Speed of Sound

We can change the speed of sound if we change the medium or the

properties of the medium that the sound is travelling in. Thus, the speed of
sound is different in solids, liquids and gases. The speed of sound is also
affected by these factors: temperature, humidity and density.

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 In Exploration 1, when the temperature gets high, particles have more
kinetic energy and thus, vibrate faster. Since sound is a consequence of
energy transfer through collisions, the more they collides means faster sound.

Exploration 2 shows how the speed of sound is also dependent on

temperature of the medium. When the temperature is higher, the speed of
sound is faster. When the temperature becomes lower, its molecules moves
slower so they collide less frequently compared to a medium or body with a
higher temperature thus sound travels slower.

It is clear to you now how movement of particle

and temperature affects the speed of sound. Let
us try to understand how speed of sound affects
reflection and refraction through a medium.

ELABORATE
Did you ever wonder why sound is audible at nighttime than at daytime? Let’s find in out.

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 Sound wave speed is dependent on air temperature. Sound waves
move faster in warmer temperatures and slower in colder temperatures.
During the day, temperatures are warmer near the surface and cool off
with height. When you shout something to someone across the lake, the
sound waves near the surface end up moving faster than the sound waves
higher up. Since the speed is greatest near the ground, sound waves bend
upward causing the audio to be just out of ears reach.

Cooler region
Warmer region Sound travels slower
Sound travels faster

Cooler region Warmer region

Sound travels slower Sound travels faster

During the night our atmosphere ends up producing a temperature

inversion. This means temperatures increases with height. Therefore when
you shout across the lake, sound waves higher up are now traveling faster
than those near the surface. The faster speed aloft cause the sound to
bend downwards, making it easy to hear what other are saying.

Now try to answer these questions in order to

summarize what you have learned in this module.

1. How the temperature is affected by the movement of

particles in a medium?

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 2. How is the speed of sound affected by the temperature?

E XTEND
You understood now important concepts about
how the temperature and movement of particles affect
the speed of sound in a medium. Let’s extend your
understanding by answering the next task.

Enrichment Activity

Complete the table below by computing the speed of sound in air at

different temeprature using the equation below. Number 1 is done for you.

Temperature (oC) Speed of sound in air (m/s)

1. 100C 337m/s
2. 150C
3. 200C
4. 250C
5. 300C
To compute for the speed of sound in air at a given temperature,
consider the equation below.

where:
v = speed of sound in air at a
V = 331 m/s + 0.6 m/s (T) particular temperature
C
T = temperature of the atmosphere

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 For example no 1, since the given temperature is 10 oC, substitute this
value of temperature into the equation above.

V = 331 m/s + 0.6 m/s (10 oC)

oC

= 331 m/s + 6 m/s

= 337 m/s

Therefore, the speed of sound in air at 10 oC is 337 m/s.

Now, please complete the table above following the example given. Please show your solution.

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 Vocabulary List

You may refer to the following vocabulary words used in this module:

Speed of Sound
a term used to describe the speed of sound waves passing through a
medium. It is commonly used to refer specifically to the speed of sound
in air of different materials at different temperature.

-it is also a distance travelled per unit time by a sound as it propagates

through a medium.

Temperature
a description of how hot or cold an object is. It describes also the
movement of particles/molecules in a medium.

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E VALUATE

Post-Test

Now let us check your understanding of how

far you go on this module. The questions will
test how much have you learned in this
module. Goodluck!

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer for the following questions.

1. What are the factors affecting the speed of sound as it travels through
the air?

I – Density II – Pressure III – Temperature

a. I and II only c. I and III only

b. II and III only d. I, II and III

2. The speed of sound during hot days is the speed of

sound during cooler days.

a. the same as c. greater than

b. less than d. cannot be determine

3. What happens to the speed of sound in a medium if the molecules

vibrate faster? The speed of sound .
a. decreases c. fluctuates
b. It increases d. remain unchanged

4. On which air temperature does sound travel the

fastest? a. 150Cb. 200c c. 250C d. 300C

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 5. How does the temperature of the medium affect the speed of sound?
a. When the temperature increases, the air molecules moves
faster so the speed of sound is slower.
b. When the temperature increases, the air molecules moves
faster so the speed of sound is faster.
c. When the temperature decreases, the air molecules moves
faster so the speed of sound is slower.
d. When the temperature decreases, the air molecules moves
faster so the speed of sound is slower.

Hi again, you have finished your first module on effect of temperature to the speed of sound!
Please check your answers by referring to the answer key. If you scored lower than 4, please

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 Answer Keys

Pre-Test Answer Keys

1. D
2. C
3. B
4. D
5. B

Learning Activities Answer Keys

Elicit:
STATEMENT FACT BLUFF
1. Sound is an example of longitudinal
wave.
2. Sound is a carrier of energy.
3. Sound is produced by a vibrating
object.
4. Sound does not need a medium to
propagate.
5. The arrangement of particles in solid,
liquid and gas affect the speed of
sound.

Explore:
Exploration 1
1. The movement of particles at low temperature is slow.
2. The movement of particles at high temperature is fast.

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3. Temperature affects the movement of particles. A rise in temperature
increases the movement of particles. At low temperature, particles move
slower.
Exploration 2
1. The speed of sound when temperature is at -1oC is 330.4 m/s.
2. The speed of sound when temperature is at 45 oC is 358.0 m/s.
3. Yes, there is a relationship between temperature and speed of sound.
4. Temperature affects the speed of sound. At higher temperatures, particles
move greater kinetic energy so they vibrate faster. As a result, sound travels
at
higher temperature and slower at lower temperature.

Extend

Temperature (oC) Speed of sound in air (m/s)

1. 100C 337m/s
2. 150C 340 m/s
3. 200C 343 m/s
4. 250C 346m/s
5. 300C 349 m/s

Post-Test Answer Keys

D
C

3. B
4. D
5. B

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References

Cover Art: ‘calling’ from Pixabay.com

Cover Art: Guitar. emulated/o Shutter stock download
Cover Art: Concert Image from Project Ease Module

Links

https://flexbooks.ck12.org/cbook/ck-12-middle-school-physical-science-
flexbook- 2.0/section/17.1/primary/lesson/sound-waves-ms-ps

https://flexbooks.ck12.org/cbook/ck-12-physics-flexbook-
2.0/section/12.2/primary/lesson/speed-of-sound-ms-ps/

https://www.southcentralpoer.com

https://www.ck12.org/book/ck-12-fourth-grade-science/section/1.2/

Chemed.chem.purdue.edu

Video clips:

UgE2GIQwUCw retrieved from www.khanacademy.org

Ultrasound medical imaging.khanacademy.org