Theoretical Foundation of Nursing O – open posture

NURSING THEORISTS L – lean forward

Imogen King (1923-2007) E – eye contact

- Theory of Goal Attainment R – respond appropriately

- Outcome-based theory
- Nurse and client communicate
- Nurse and the patient experience
each other = mutually set goals
- Communication = comprehension
METAPARADIGM
 Man – social being
 Nursing – care of the client
 Environment – influence of internal
and external environment
 Health – life cycle that implies
continuous adaptation of to stress
COMMON NONTHERAPEUTICAL
COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
 Self disclosure
 Inattentive listening
 Overuse of medical jargon
 Advising/opinion
 Prying/probing (“why questions”)
 Changing the subject
 Being defensive
 Stereotyping

IMPLICATION TO NURSING
PRACTICE

 Therapeutic communication =
decrease conflict
 Transactional nursing
 Use and need for feedback
 Need for goals/objectives in care

MOST COMMON THERAPEUTIC

COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUES

 Attentive listening
 Using silence; offering self
 Using touch appropriately
 Using open ended questions
 Classifying, restating
 Focusing
 Making observation, acknowledging

S – sit 3 ft away (face to face)