Naples Under the Bourbons : An Historical Overview

Summary

Naples' cultural and socio-political development under the Bourbons from 1734-1805

was a period of significant progress, with the Bourbon dynasty playing a crucial role in fostering

this growth. The establishment of the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Naples in 1752 was one of

the significant achievements of this period. The academy provided artistic education and

opportunities for Neapolitan artists to showcase their work, contributing to the flourishing of the

arts in Naples.

Under Bourbon rule, Naples also witnessed the emergence of the Neapolitan School of

Painting, which represented a unique artistic style characterized by emotional intensity, vivid

colors, and realism. The Bourbon court actively supported the Neapolitan Enlightenment, a

significant cultural and intellectual movement that saw a renewed interest in classical learning,

science, and the arts. The movement produced various publications that further promoted

intellectual and artistic growth in Naples.

The Bourbon dynasty also made substantial investments in the socio-political

development of Naples. The construction of the Royal Palace of Caserta, for instance, was a

testament to their commitment to the development of the city. The palace was decorated with

frescoes and sculptures by prominent artists, contributing to the flourishing of Neapolitan art and

culture.

Furthermore, the Bourbon rulers implemented several significant reforms, including

improving the education system, creating employment opportunities, and promoting social

justice. These efforts led to the improvement of the standard of living for the Neapolitan people

and reduced the gap between the ruling class and the common people - creating the middle class.
 In conclusion, Naples' cultural and socio-political development under the Bourbons was a

period of significant growth, with the Bourbon dynasty playing a crucial role in fostering this

progress. Their investments in the arts, education, and socio-political development contributed to

the flourishing of Naples as one of Europe's cultural and intellectual centers during this period.