1, Ib HL P1-P2 3RD Gen Topic-2-Mechanics - Secure

Dr ARKAR WIN
CONCEPTUAL PHYSICS CLASSES

I.B DIPLOMA PHYSICS (HIGHER LEVEL)
COMPILED OLD QUESTIONS
FOR
TOPIC (2)
(MECHANICS)
(MAY/16 TO MAY/21) Ph-09-25-40-630-25
09-79-88-33-948
09-97-54-82-781
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DR ARKAR WIN 1 CONCEPTUAL PHYSICS CLASSES
SECTION (A)
PAPER (I)
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1. An aircraft is moving horizontally. A parachutist leaves the aircraft and a few seconds later
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opens her parachute. Which graph shows the variation of the vertical speed v with time t for the
parachutist from the time she leaves the aircraft until just before landing?
(MAY 2016 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 2)
A. B.
v v
W
0
0 t R 0
0 t
KA
C. D.
v v
AR
0 0
0 t 0 t
2. An object of mass m rests on a horizontal plane. The angle θ that the plane makes with the
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horizontal is slowly increased from zero. When θ = θ0, the object begins to slide. What are the
coefficien of static friction μs and the normal reaction force N of the plane at θ = θ0?
(MAY 2016 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 3)
μs N
A. sin θ0 mg cos θ0
B. tan θ0 mg sin θ0
C. sin θ0 mg sin θ0
D. tan θ0 mg cos θ0
IB DIPLOMA PHYSICS TOPIC 2 : MECHANICS

3. A ball with mass m moves horizontally with speed u. The ball hits a vertical wall and rebounds in
the opposite direction with speed v < u. The duration of the collision is T. What are the magnitude
of the average force exerted by the wall on the ball and the loss of kinetic energy of the ball?
(MAY 2016 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 4)
Average force Loss of kinetic energy
m (u + v ) m (u 2 − v 2 )
A.
T 2
m (u + v ) m (u − v )2
B.
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T 2
m (u − v ) m (u 2 − v 2 )
C.
T 2
W
m (u − v ) m (u − v )2
D.
T 2
4. A train on a straight horizontal track moves from rest at constant acceleration. The horizontal
forces on the train are the engine force and a resistive force which increases with speed.
Which graph represents the variation with time t of the power P developed by the engine?
A.
P
R
B.
P
(MAY 2016 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 5)
KA
0 0
AR
0 t 0 t
C. D.
P P
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0 0
0 t 0 t

5. The graph shows how the acceleration a of an object varies with distance travelled x. The mass of
the object is 3.0 kg. What is the total work done on the object? (MAY 2016 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 6)
a / m s–2
A. 300 J 30
B. 400 J 25
C. 1200 J
20
D. 1500 J
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15
10
W
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
x/m
6. A car moves north at a constant speed of 3 m s–1 for 20 s and then east at a constant speed of 4 m
A. 7.0 m s–1
R
s–1 for 20 s. What is the average speed of the car during this motion?
(NOV 2016 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 2)
KA
B. 5.0 m s–1
C. 3.5 m s–1
D. 2.5 m s–1
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7. A student draws a graph to show the variation with time t of the acceleration a of an object.
What can the student deduce from this graph only, and what quantity from the graph is used to
make this deduction? (NOV 2016 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 3)
Deduction Quantity used a
A. change in velocity gradient of graph

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B. change in velocity area under line
C. change in displacement gradient of graph

0
D. change in displacement area under line
0 t

8. A mass is suspended from the ceiling of a train carriage by a string. The string makes an angle q
with the vertical when the train is accelerating along a straight horizontal track.
What is the acceleration of the train? (NOV 2016 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 4)
A. g sin q
B. g cos q
q
C. g tan q
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g
D.
tanq
9. An object, initially at rest, is accelerated by a constant force. Which graphs show the variation with
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time t of the kinetic energy and the variation with time t of the speed of the object?
(NOV 2016 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 5)
A.
kinetic energy speed
R
KA
B.
AR
C.
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D.

10. Two stationary objects of mass 1 kg and 2 kg are connected by a thread and suspended from a
spring.The thread is cut. Immediately after the cut, what are the magnitudes of the accelerations
of the objects in terms of the acceleration due to gravity g ? (NOV 2016 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 5)
Acceleration of Acceleration of
1 kg object 2 kg object
spring
A. 3 g 2 g
1 kg
B. 2 g 2 g
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thread
C. 3 g 1 g
D. 2 g 1 g 2 kg
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11. An object of mass 2 kg is thrown vertically downwards with an initial kinetic energy of 100 J.
What is the distance fallen by the object at the instant when its kinetic energy has doubled?
(NOV 2016 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 7)
A. 2.5 m
B. 5.0 m
C.
D.
10 m
14 m
R
KA
12. A student of weight 600 N climbs a vertical ladder 6.0 m tall in a time of 8.0 s. What is the power
developed by the student against gravity? (NOV 2016 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 8)
A. 22 W
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B. 45 W
C. 220 W
D. 450 W
13. A cyclist accelerates in a straight line. At one instant, when the cyclist is exerting a forward force
of 40 N, the air resistance acting on the cyclist is 10 N.
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(MAY 2017 / TZ 1 / P 1 / Q 7)
What is the rate of change of momentum of the cyclist at this instant?
A. 10 kg m s-2
B. 30 kg m s-2
C. 40 kg m s-2
D. 50 kg m s-2

14. The graph shows the variation of speed v of an object with time t. (MAY 2017 / TZ 1 / P 1 / Q 2)
IN
0 t
Which graph shows how the distance s travelled by the object varies with t?
A. s B. s
W
C.
0
s
0 t
R
D.
0
s
0 t
KA
AR
0 0
0 t 0 t
15. The graph shows the variation of the acceleration a of an object with time t. What is the change
in speed of the object shown by the graph?
(MAY 2017 / TZ 1 / P 1 / Q 3)
a / m s–2
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12
A. 0.5 m s-1
B. 2.0 m s-1
C. 36 m s-1
D. 72 m s-1
0
0 6 t/s

16. An elevator (lift) and its load have a total mass of 750 kg and accelerate vertically downwards
at 2.0 m s-2. What is the tension in the elevator cable? (MAY 2017 / TZ 1 / P 1 / Q 4)
A. 1.5 kN elevator cable

B. 6.0 kN
C. 7.5 kN
elevator
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D. 9.0 kN
acceleration
= 2.0 m s-2
downwards
W
load
17. A horizontal spring of spring constant k and negligible mass is compressed through a distance y
from its equilibrium length. An object of mass m that moves on a frictionless surface is placed at
R
the end of the spring. The spring is released and returns to its equilibrium length.
What is the speed of the object just after it leaves the spring? (MAY 2017 / TZ 1 / P 1 / Q 5)
KA
k
A. y
m
object
m
B. y y
k
k object
AR
C. y
m
equilibrium length
m
D. y
k
18. A car travelling at a constant velocity covers a distance of 100 m in 5.0 s. The thrust of the engine
is 1.5 kN. (MAY 2017 / TZ 1 / P 1 / Q 6)
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What is the power of the car?
A. 0.75 kW
B. 3.0 kW
C. 7.5 kW
D. 30 kW

19. A projectile is fire horizontally from the top of a cliff. The projectile hits the ground 4 s later at a
distance of 2 km from the base of the cliff. What is the height of the cliff?
(MAY 2017 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 2)
A. 40 m
B. 80 m
C. 120 m
D. 160 m
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20. A block of weight W is suspended by two strings of equal length. The strings are almost horizontal.
What is correct about the tension T in one string? (MAY 2017 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 3)
W
W
A. T<
2
W
B. T =
2
C.
D.
W
2
<T ≤W
T >W
R block
KA
21. A block of mass 1.0 kg rests on a trolley of mass 4.0 kg. The coefficient of dynamic friction between
the block and the trolley is 0.30.A horizontal force F = 5.0 N acts on the block. The block slides
over the trolley. What is the acceleration of the trolley? (MAY 2017 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 4)
A. 5.0 m s–2
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B. 1.0 m s–2 F = 5.0 N
C. 0.75 m s–2
D. 0.60 m s–2
22. A tennis ball is released from rest at a height h above the ground. At each bounce 50 % of its
kinetic energy is lost to its surroundings. What is the height reached by the ball after its second
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bounce? (MAY 2017 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 5)
h
A.
8
h
B.
4
h
C.
2
D. zero

23. A ball of mass 0.2 kg strikes a force sensor and sticks to it. Just before impact the ball is travelling
horizontally at a speed of 4.0 m s–1. The graph shows the variation with time t of the force F
recorded by the sensor. (MAY 2017 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 6)
F
What is Fmax?
Fmax
A. 2 N
B. 4 N
C. 20 N
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D. 40 N 0
400 440 t / ms
24. A stationary nucleus of polonium-210 undergoes alpha decay to form lead-206. The initial speed
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of the alpha particle is v. What is the speed of the lead-206 nucleus?
(MAY 2017 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 7)
206
A. v
4
B. v
C.
206
210
4
v R
KA
D. v
206
25. An object is released from a stationary hot air balloon at height h above the ground.

An identical object is released at height h above the ground from another balloon that is rising
at constant speed. Air resistance is negligible. What does not increase for the object released
from the rising balloon? (NOV 2017 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 3)
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A. The distance through which it falls
B. The time taken for it to reach the ground
C. The speed with which it reaches the grou nd
D. Its acceleration
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26. The diagram shows the forces acting on a block resting on an inclined plane. The angle h is
adjusted until the block is just at the point of sliding. R is the normal reaction, W the weight of the
block and F the maximum frictional force. What is the maximum coefficient of static friction between
the block and the plane? (NOV 2017 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 4)
R
A. sinh
B. cosh
F
C. tan h h
1
D.
tanq not to scale
W

27. A sunbather is supported in water by a floating sun bed. Which diagram represents the
magnitudes of the forces acting on the sun bed? (NOV 2017 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q . )
A. B.
water sun bed water sun bed
IN
C. D.
water sun bed water sun bed
W
28. A system that consists of a single spring stores a total elastic potential energy Ep when a load is
added to the spring. Another identical spring connected in parallel is added to the system. The
same load is now applied to the parallel springs. What is the total elastic potential energy stored in
the changed system?
A. Ep
R (NOV 2017 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 6)
KA
Ep
B.
2
Ep
C. load
4 load
Ep single spring parallel springs
D.
AR
29. A toy car of mass 0.15 kg accelerates from a sp eed of 10 cm s–1 to a speed of 15 cm s–1. What is

the impulse acting on the car? (NOV 2017 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 7)
A. 7.5 mN s
B. 37.5 mN s
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C. 0.75 N s
D. 3.75 N s
30. An object is projected vertically upwards at time t = 0. Air resistance is negligible. The object
passes the same point above its starting position at times 2s and 8s. If g = 10 m s–2, what is the
initial speed of the object?
(MAY 2018 / TZ 1 / P 1 / Q 2)
A. 50
B. 30
C. 25
D. 4

31. A uniform ladder resting in equilibrium on rough ground leans against a smooth wall. Which
diagram correctly shows the forces acting on the ladder? (MAY 2018 / TZ 1 / P 1 / Q 3)
A. B.
ladder ladder
wall wall
IN
ground ground
C. D.
W
ladder ladder
R
wall wall
KA
ground ground
32. An object falls from rest from a height h close to the surface of the Moon. The Moon has
no atmosphere. (MAY 2018 / TZ 1 / P 1 / Q 4)
AR
h
When the object has fallen to height above the surface, what is
4
h
kinetic energy of the object at
4 ?
gravitational potential energy of the object at h
3
A.
4
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4
B.
3
9
C.
16
16
D.
9

33. Child X throws a ball to child Y. The system consists of the ball, the children and the Earth.
What is true for the system when the ball has been caught by Y? (MAY 2018 / TZ 1 / P 1 / Q 5)
child X child Y
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[Source: https://pixabay.com/en/playing-ball-kids-boy-girl-31339/]
A. The momentum of child Y is equal and opposite to the momentum of child X.
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B. The speed of rotation of the Earth will have changed.
C. The ball has no net momentum while it is in the air.
D. The total momentum of the system has not changed.
34.
R
A parachutist of total mass 70 kg is falling vertically through the air at a constant speed of 8 m s-1.
What is the total upward force acting on the parachutist?
A. 0N
(MAY 2018 / TZ 1 / P 1 / Q 6)
KA
B. 70 N
C. 560 N
D. 700 N
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35. A stopper of mass 8 g leaves the opening of a container that contains pressurized gas.
The stopper accelerates from rest for a time of 16 ms and leaves the container at a speed of 20 m s-1.
What is the order of magnitude of the force acting on the stopper? (MAY 2018 / TZ 1 / P 1 / Q 7)
A. 10-3 N
B. 100 N
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C. 101 N
D. 103 N
36. A motor of input power 160 W raises a mass of 8.0 kg vertically at a constant speed of 0.50 m s–1.

What is the efficiency of the syste (MAY 2018 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 2)
A. 0.63 %
B. 25 %
C. 50 %
D. 100 %

37. A box is accelerated to the right across rough ground by a horizontal force Fa . The force of
friction is Ff . The weight of the box is Fg and the normal reaction is Fn. Which is the free-body
diagram for this situation? (MAY 2018 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 3)
A. Ff Fa B. Fn
Fg Ff Fa
C. Fn D. Fn
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Ff Fa Ff Fa
Fg Fg
W
38. The graph shows the variation with time t of the force F acting on an object of mass 15 000 kg.
The object is at rest at t = 0. (MAY 2018 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 4)
5
R
KA
4
F / kN
3
2
AR
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
t/s
What is the speed of the object when t = 30 s?

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A. 0.18 m s–1
B. 6 m s–1
C. 12 m s–1
D. 180 m s–1

39. A ball of mass m is thrown with an initial speed of u at an angle q to the horizontal as shown.
Q is the highest point of the motion. Air resistance is negligible. (MAY 2018 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 5)
What is the momentum of the ball at Q?
Q
A. zero
u
B. mu cosq
C. mu
q
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D. mu sinq
40. A ball starts from rest and moves horizontally. Six positions of the ball are shown at time intervals of

1.0 ms. The horizontal distance between X, the initial position, and Y, the fina position, is 0.050 m.
What is the average acceleration of the ball between X and Y? (MAY 2018 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 6)
W
A. 2000 m s–2
X 0.050 m Y
B. 4000 m s–2
C. 5000 m s–2
41.
D. 8000 m s–2
R
A ball of mass m collides with a vertical wall with an initial horizontal speed u and rebounds with a
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horizontal speed v. The graph shows the variation of the speed of the ball with time. What is the
magnitude of the mean net force on the ball during the collision? (MAY 2018 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 7)
m (u − v )
A. speed
(t 2 + t1 )
u
m (u − v )
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B.
(t 2 − t1 )
m (u + v ) v
C.
(t 2 + t1 )
m (u + v ) 0
D. 0 t1 t2 time
(t 2 − t1 )
DR
42. A truck has an initial speed of 20 m s–1. It decelerates at 4.0 m s–2. What is the distance taken by
the truck to stop? (NOV 2018 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 2)
A. 2.5 m
B. 5.0 m
C. 50 m
D. 100 m

43. A runner starts from rest and accelerates at a constant rate throughout a race. Which graph shows
the variation of speed v of the runner with distance travelled s? (NOV 2018 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 3)
A. B.
v v
IN
0 0
0 s 0 s
W
C. D.
v v
0
R 0
KA
0 s 0 s
44. A projectile is fire at an angle to the horizontal. The path of the projectile is shown.
(NOV 2018 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 4)
20
O
AR
vertical displacement / m 10
0 P
0 20 40 60
horizontal displacement / m
Which gives the magnitude of the horizontal component and the magnitude of the
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vertical component of the velocity of the projectile between O and P?
Magnitude of Magnitude of
horizontal component of velocity vertical component of velocity
A. decreases increases
B. decreases constant
C. constant increases
D. constant constant

45. A mass m attached to a string of length R moves in a vertical circle with a constant speed.
The tension in the string at the top of the circle is T. What is the kinetic energy of the mass at
the top of the circle? (NOV 2018 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 5)
R(T + mg ) Rmg
A. C.
2 2
R(T − mg ) R(2T + mg )
B. D.
2 2
46. A compressed spring is used to launch an object along a horizontal frictionless surface. When the
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spring is compressed through a distance x and released, the object leaves the spring at speed v.
What is the distance through which the spring must be compressed for the object to leave the
v
spring at ? (NOV 2018 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 6)
2
x x
W
A.
4
x
B.
2
x v
C.
D. x 2
2 R
KA
47. Three forces act at a point. In which diagram is the point in equilibrium?
(NOV 2018 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 7)
A. B.
F2 F2
F3 F3
AR
F1
F1
DR
C. D.
F2
F2
F3 F3
F1
F1

48. A sky diver is falling at terminal speed when she opens her parachute. What are the direction of
her velocity vector and the direction of her acceleration vector before she reaches the new terminal
speed? (MAY 2019 / TZ 1 / P 1 / Q 3)
Direction of velocity vector Direction of acceleration vector
A. upwards upwards
B. upwards downwards
C. downwards upwards
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D. downwards downwards
49. A sports car is accelerated from 0 to 100 km per hour in 3 s. What is the acceleration of the car?
(MAY 2019 / TZ 1 / P 1 / Q 4)
W
A. 0.1 g
B. 0.3 g
C. 0.9 g
D. 3 g
50.
R
A girl throws an object horizontally at time t = 0. Air resistance can be ignored. At t = 0.50 s the
object travels horizontally a distance x in metres while it falls vertically through a distance y in
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metres. What is the initial velocity of the object and the vertical distance fallen at t = 1.0 s?
(MAY 2019 / TZ 1 / P 1 / Q 5)
Initial velocity / m s–1 Vertical distance fallen / m
A. x 2y
B. x 4y
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C. 2x 2y
D. 2x 4y
51. An object of mass m is sliding down a ramp at constant speed. During the motion it travels a
distance x along the ramp and falls through a vertical distance h. The coefficient of dynamic fricti
between the ramp and the object is µ. What is the total energy transferred into thermal energy
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when the object travels distance x? (MAY 2019 / TZ 1 / P 1 / Q 6)
A. mgh
B. mgx x
h
C. µmgh
D. µmgx

52. A waiter carrying a tray is accelerating to the right as shown in the image.
What is the free-body diagram of the forces acting on the tray? (MAY 2019 / TZ 1 / P 1 / Q 7)
velocity
IN
W
A. B.
R C. D.
KA
53. A boy throws a ball horizontally at a speed of 15 m s-1 from the top of a cliff that is 8 m above the
surface of the sea. Air resistance is negligible. (MAY 2019 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 3)
What is the distance from the bottom of the cliff to the point where the ball lands in the sea
AR
A. 45 m
B. 60 m
C. 80 m
D. 240 m
DR
54. A book is at rest on a table. What is a pair of action–reaction forces for this situation according to
Newton’s third law of motion? (MAY 2019 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 4)
Force 1 Force 2
A. the force of the book on the table the force of the book on the Earth
B. the force of the table on the Earth the force of the book on the table
C. the force of the Earth on the book the force of the book on the Earth
D. the force of the Earth on the book the force of the table on the book

55. An object has a weight of 6.10 × 102 N. What is the change in gravitational potential energy of the
object when it moves through 8.0 m vertically? (MAY 2019 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 5)
A. 5 kJ
B. 4.9 kJ
C. 4.88 kJ
D. 4.880 kJ
IN
56. The graph shows the variation of momentum with time for an object.
(MAY 2019 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 6)
20
W
momentum /
kg m s−1
0
0 R 2.0
time / s
4.0
KA
What net force acts on the object for the first 2.0 s and for the second 2.0 s of th motion?
Force for first 2.0 s / N Force for second 2.0 s / N
A. 10 0
B. 20 40
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C. 10 40
D. 20 0
57. A table-tennis ball of mass 3 g is fired with a speed of 1 m s-1 from a stationary toy gun of mass
0.600 kg. The gun and ball are an isolated system. What are the recoil speed of the toy gun and the
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total momentum of the system immediately after the gun is fired. (MAY 2019 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 7)
Recoil speed of the toy gun / m s-1 Total momentum of the system / kg m s-1
A. 0.05 0
B. 0.05 0.03
C. 0.5 0
D. 0.5 0.03

58. A block of weight W slides down a ramp at constant velocity. A friction force F acts between the
bottom of the block and the surface of the ramp. A normal reaction N acts between the ramp and the
block. What is the free-body diagram for the forces that act on the block?
A. B. (MAY 2019 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 8)

N
F F
N
IN
W W
W
C. D.
N F
N F
R
KA
W W
59. Two forces act along a straight line on an object that is initially at rest. One force is constant; the
second force is in the opposite direction and proportional to the velocity of the object.
(NOV 2019 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 2)
AR
varying force object constant force

What is correct about the motion of the object?
A. The acceleration increases from zero to a maximum.
B. The acceleration increases from zero to a maximum and then decreases.
C. The velocity increases from zero to a maximum.
D. The velocity increases from zero to a maximum and then decreases.

DR
60. A ball falls from rest in the absence of air resistance. The position of the centre of the ball is
determined at one-second intervals from the instant at which it is released. What are the
distances, in metres, travelled by the centre of the ball during each second for the first 4. s of the
motion? (NOV 2019 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 3)
A. 5, 10, 15, 20
B. 5, 15, 25, 35
C. 5, 20, 45, 80
D. 5, 25, 70, 150

61. An object is thrown from a cliff at an angle to the horizontal. The ground below the cliff is
horizontal. (NOV 2019 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 4)
Three quantities are known about this motion.
I. The horizontal component of the initial velocity of the object

II. The initial angle between the velocity of the object and the horizontal
III. The height of the cliff
What are the quantities that must be known in order to determine the horizontal distance
IN
from the point of projection to the point at which the object hits the ground?
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
W
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
62.
of the object from t = 0 to t = 6 s? R
The variation with time t of the acceleration a of an object is shown. What is the change in velocity
3.0
(NOV 2019 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 5)
KA
A. 6 m s–1
2.0
B. 8m s–1 a / m s–2
1.0
C. 10 m s–1
AR
D. 14 m s–1
0
0 2 4 6
t/s
63. The tension in a horizontal spring is directly proportional to the extension of the spring. The
energy stored in the spring at extension x is E. What is the work done by the spring when its
x (NOV 2019 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 7)
extension changes from x to ?
DR
4
E
A.
16
E
B.
4
3E
C.
4
15E
D.
16

64. The equations of motion for uniform acceleration (NOV 2019 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 22)
A. apply to all accelerations.
B. cannot be proved mathematically.
C. relate force to other quantities in mechanics.
D. were developed through observing the natural world.
IN
65. An object of mass 8.0 kg is falling vertically through the air. The drag force acting on the
object is 60 N. What is the best estimate of the acceleration of the object?
(NOV 2020 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 2)
A. Zero
W
B. 2.5 m s–2
C. 7.5 m s–2
D. 10 m s–2
66.
5 N. Three statements about these forces are
I.
R
A body is held in translational equilibrium by three coplanar forces of magnitude 3 N, 4 N and
all forces are perpendicular to each other

(NOV 2020 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 3)
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II. the forces cannot act in the same direction
III. the vector sum of the forces is equal to zero.
Which statements are true?
A. I and II only
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B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
67. An object of mass 1 kg is thrown downwards from a height of 20 m. The initial speed of the object is
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6 m s–1. The object hits the ground at a speed of 20 m s–1. Assume g = 10 m s–2. What is the best
estimate of the energy transferred from the object to the air as it falls?
(NOV 2020 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 4)
A. 6J
B. 18 J
C. 182 J
D. 200 J

68. A car is driven from rest along a straight horizontal road. The car engine exerts a constant driving
force. Friction and air resistance are negligible. How does the power developed by the engine
change with the distance travelled? (NOV 2020 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 5)
A. Power does not change.
B. Power decreases linearly.
C. Power increases linearly.
D. Power increases non-linearly.
IN
69. An object of mass 2m moving at velocity 3v collides with a stationary object of mass 4m.
The objects stick together after the collision. What is the final speed and the change in tota
kinetic energy immediately after the collision? (NOV 2020 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 6)
W
Final speed Change in total kinetic energy
A. v 3 mv 2
B. v 6 mv 2
C.
D.
2v
2v
R 3 mv 2
6 mv 2
KA
70. A large stone is dropped from a tall building. What is correct about the speed of the stone after 1 s?
(MAY 2021 / TZ 1 / P 1 / Q 2)
A. It is decreasing at increasing rate.
B. It is decreasing at decreasing rate.

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C. It is increasing at increasing rate.
D. It is increasing at decreasing rate.
71. The graph shows how the position of an object varies with time in the interval from 0 to 3 s.
(MAY 2021 / TZ 1 / P 1 / Q 3)
At which point does the instantaneous position / m
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speed of the object equal its average

speed over the interval from 0 to 3 s? 4
D
3
2
C
1 B
A
0
0 1 2 3 time / s

71. A car takes 20 minutes to climb a hill at constant speed. The mass of the car is 1200 kg
and the car gains gravitational potential energy at a rate of 6.0 kW. Take the acceleration of
gravity to be 10 m s-2. What is the height of the hill? (MAY 2021 / TZ 1 / P 1 / Q 4)
A. 0.6 m
B. 10 m
C. 600 m
D. 6000 m
IN
72. A mass is released from the top of a smooth ramp of height h. After leaving the ramp, the
mass slides on a rough horizontal surface.
The mass comes to rest in a distance d. What is the coefficient of dynamic friction between
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the mass and the horizontal surface?
(MAY 2021 / TZ 1 / P 1 / Q 5)
gd
A.
h
mass
d
B.
2gh
C.
d
h
Rh
KA
h
D. d
d
73. Masses X and Y rest on a smooth horizontal surface and are connected by a massless spring.
The mass of X is 3.0 kg and the mass of Y is 6.0 kg. The masses are pushed toward each other
until the elastic potential energy stored in the spring is 1.0 J. The masses are released. What is
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the maximum speed reached by mass Y?

(MAY 2021 / TZ 1 / P 1 / Q 6)
A. 0.11 m s-1 seen from above
B. 0.33 m s-1
C. 0.45 m s-1
D. 0.66 m s-1 mass X mass Y

DR
74. A force acts on an object of mass 40 kg. The graph shows how the acceleration a of the
object varies with its displacement d. (MAY 2021 / TZ 1 / P 1 / Q 7)
What is the work done by the force on the object? a / ms–2
A. 50 J 20
B. 2000 J
10
C. 2400 J
0
D. 3200 J 0 2 4 d/m

75. The minute hand of a clock hanging on a vertical wall

has length L = 30 cm. 12
11 1
P
The minute hand is observed pointing at 12 and then
10 2
again 30 minutes later when the minute hand is L
pointing at 6.
9 3
What is the average velocity and average speed of

point P on the minute hand during this time interval? 8 4
IN
(MAY 2021 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 2) 7 5
6
W
Average velocity Average speed
A. 2 cm min-1 vertically downwards π cm min-1
B. 2 cm min-1 vertically upwards π cm min-1
C. 2π cm min-1 vertically downwards 2π cm min-1
D. 2π cm min-1 vertically upwards

R
2π cm min-1
KA
76. A block rests on a rough horizontal plane. A force P is applied to the block and the block moves to
the right.There is a coefficient of friction µd giving rise to a frictional force F between the block and
the plane. The force P is doubled. Will µd and F be unchanged or greater?
(MAY 2021 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 3)
µd F
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A. unchanged unchanged
B. unchanged greater P
F
C. greater greater
D. greater unchanged
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77. A person with a weight of 600 N stands on a scale in an elevator. What is the acceleration of the
elevator when the scale reads 900 N? (MAY 2021 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 5)
A. 5.0 m s-2 downwards
B. 1.5 m s-2 downwards elevator
C. 1.5 m s-2 upwards
D. 5.0 m s-2 upwards

scale

78. A projectile is launched at an angle above the horizontal with a horizontal component of
velocity Vh and a vertical component of velocity Vv. Air resistance is negligible. Which graphs
show the variation with time of Vh and of Vv? (MAY 2021 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 4)
A. Vh Vv
IN
0 0
0 t 0 t
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B. Vh Vv
0
0 t R 0
0 t
KA
C. Vh Vv
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0 0
0 t 0 t
D. Vh Vv
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0 0
0 t 0 t

79. Two identical blocks, each of mass m and speed v, travel towards each other on a
frictionless surface. (MAY 2021 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 6)
v v
m m
The blocks undergo a head-on collision. What is definitely true immediately after the collision?
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A. The momentum of each block is zero.
B. The total momentum is zero.
C. The momentum of each block is 2mv.
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D. The total momentum is 2mv.
80. The graph shows the variation with distance of a horizontal force acting on an object. The object,
initially at rest, moves horizontally through a distance of 50 m. (MAY 2021 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 7)
90
80
R
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70
60
horizontal force / N
50
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40
30
20
10
0
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0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
distance / m
A constant frictional force of 2.0 N opposes the motion. What is the final kinetic energy of the
object after it has moved 50 m?
A. 100 J
B. 500 J
C. 600 J
D. 1100 J

81. The graph shows the variation with time t of the velocity of an object.
(NOV 2021 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 2)
velocity
0
0 t
IN
What is the variation with time t of the acceleration of the object?
A. B.
acceleration acceleration
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0 0
0 t 0 t
C.
acceleration
R D.
acceleration
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0 0
0 t 0 t
82. X and Y are two objects on a frictionless table connected by a string. The mass of X is 2 kg
and the mass of Y is 4 kg. The mass of the string is negligible. A constant horizontal force of
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12 N acts on Y. (NOV 2021 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 3)
X string Y
12 N
2 kg 4 kg
What are the acceleration of Y and the magnitude of the tension in the string?
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Acceleration of Y / m s-2 Tension in the string / N
A. 2 4
B. 2 6
C. 3 4
D. 3 6

83. A net force F acts on an object of mass m that is initially at rest. The object moves in a
straight line. The variation of F with the distance s is shown.
What is the speed of the object at the distance s1? (NOV 2021 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 4)
F1s1
A. F
2m
F1
F1s1
B.
m
IN
2F1s1
C.
m 0
0 s1 s
4F1s1
W
D.
m
84. A cyclist rides up a hill of vertical height 100 m in 500 s at a constant speed. The combined
mass of the cyclist and the bicycle is 80 kg. The power developed by the cyclist is 200 W.
What is the efficiency of the energy transfer in this system?
(NOV 2021 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 5)
A.
B.
8%
20 %
R
KA
C. 60 %
D. 80 %
85. A block rests on a frictionless horizontal surface. An air rifle pellet is fired horizontally into the
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block and remains embedded in the block.

(NOV 2021 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 6)
block
path of the pellet

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What happens to the total kinetic energy and to the total momentum of the block and pellet
system as a result of the collision?
Total kinetic energy Total momentum
A. no change no change
B. no change decreases
C. decreases no change
D. decreases decreases

86. A ball rolls on the floor towards a wall and rebounds with the same speed and at the same
angle to the wall. (NOV 2021 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 7)
What is the direction of the impulse applied to the ball by the wall?
A.
D. B.
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C.
W
R
KA
AR
DR

SECTION (B)
PAPER (II)
HIGHER LEVEL THEORY QUESTIONS
1. A company designs a spring system for loading ice blocks onto a truck. The ice block is
placed in a holder H in front of the spring and an electric motor compresses the spring by
pushing H to the left. When the spring is released the ice block is accelerated towards a
ramp ABC. When the spring is fully decompressed, the ice block loses contact with the
spring at A. The mass of the ice block is 55 kg.
IN
(MAY 2016 / TZ 0 / P 2 / Q 1)
spring ice block
W
C
H A B 1.2 m
Assume that the surface of the ramp is frictionless and that the masses of the spring and the
holder are negligible compared to the mass of the ice block.
(a) (i) R
The block arrives at C with a speed of 0.90 m s−1. Show that the elastic energy
stored in the spring is 670 J. [2]
KA
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(ii) Calculate the speed of the block at A. [2]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(b) Describe the motion of the block
(i) from A to B with reference to Newton's firs law. [1]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

(ii) from B to C with reference to Newton's second law. [2]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IN
(c) On the axes, sketch a graph to show how the displacement of the block varies with
time from A to C. (You do not have to put numbers on the axes.) [2]
displacement
W
R
KA
0
0 time
(d) The spring decompression takes 0.42 s. Determine the average force that the spring
exerts on the block. [2]
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..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
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(e) The electric motor is connected to a source of potential difference 120 V and draws a
current of 6.8 A. The motor takes 1.5 s to compress the spring.
Estimate the efficienc of the motor. [2]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

(f) On a particular day, the ice blocks experience a frictional force because the section
of the ramp from A to B is not cleaned properly. The coefficien of dynamic friction
between the ice blocks and the ramp AB is 0.030. The length of AB is 2.0 m.
Determine whether the ice blocks will be able to reach C. [2]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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IN
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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2. A tennis ball is hit with a racket from a point 1.5
m above the floor. The ceiling is 8.0 m above
the floor. The initial velocity of the ball is 15 m s–1 at 50° above the horizontal. Assume that air
resistance is negligible.
R (NOV 2016 / TZ 0 / P 2 / Q 1)
ceiling
KA
15 m s–1 8.0 m
50°
1.5 m floo
AR
(a) Determine whether the ball will hit the ceiling. [3]
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..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
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..........................................................................
(b) The tennis ball was stationary before being hit. It has a mass of 5.8 10–2 kg and was
in contact with the racket for 23 ms.
(i) Calculate the mean force exerted by the racket on the ball. [1]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

(ii) Explain how Newton’s third law applies when the racket hits the tennis ball. [2]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
IN
3. Curling is a game played on a horizontal ice surface. A player pushes a large smooth stone
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across the ice for several seconds and then releases it. The stone moves until friction brings it to
rest. The graph shows the variation of speed of the stone with time. (NOV 2016 / TZ 0 / P 2 / Q 2)
speed
R
KA
0
0 3.5 17.5 time / s
The total distance travelled by the stone in 17.5 s is 29.8 m.
(a) Determine the maximum speed v of the stone. [2]

AR
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..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
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(b) Determine the coefficient of dynamic friction between the stone and the ice during the
last 14.0 s of the stone’s motion. [3]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

(c) The diagram shows the stone during its motion after release.
direction of travel
stone
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ice
W
Label the diagram to show the forces acting on the stone. Your answer should include
the name, the direction and point of application of each force. [3]
4.
R
The diagram below shows part of a downhill ski course which starts at point A, 50 m above
level ground. Point B is 20 m above level ground.
KA
(MAY 2017 / TZ 1 / P 2 / Q 1)
A
AR
50 m
B
20 m
C D
24 m
DR
(a) A skier of mass 65 kg starts from rest at point A and during the ski course some of the
gravitational potential energy transferred to kinetic energy.
(i) From A to B, 24 % of the gravitational potential energy transferred to kinetic
energy. Show that the velocity at B is 12 m s-1. [2]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

(ii) Some of the gravitational potential energy transferred into internal energy of the skis,
slightly increasing their temperature. Distinguish between internal energy and
temperature. [2]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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IN
(b) (i) The dot on the following diagram represents the skier as she passes point B.
Draw and label the vertical forces acting on the skier. [2]
W
R
KA
(ii) The hill at point B has a circular shape with a radius of 20 m. Determine whether
the skier will lose contact with the ground at point B. [3]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
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..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
(c) The skier reaches point C with a speed of 8.2 m s-1. She stops after a distance of 24 m
at point D.
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Determine the coefficient of dynamic friction between the base f the skis and the snow.
Assume that the frictional force is constant and that air resistance can be neglected. [3]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

(d) At the side of the course flexible safety nets ar used. Another skier of mass 76 kg falls
normally into the safety net with speed 9.6 m s-1.
(i) Calculate the impulse required from the net to stop the skier and state an
appropriate unit for your answer. [2]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IN
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(ii) Explain, with reference to change in momentum, why a flexible safety net is less
W
likely to harm the skier than a rigid barrier. [2]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

R
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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KA
5. A glider is an aircraft with no engine. To be launched, a glider is uniformly accelerated from rest by
a cable pulled by a motor that exerts a horizontal force on the glider throughout the launch.
AR
(MAY 2017 / TZ 2 / P 2 / Q 1)
to the glider (aircraft)

motor cable
ground
DR
(a) The glider reaches its launch speed of 27.0 m s–1 after accelerating for 11.0 s.
Assume that the glider moves horizontally until it leaves the ground. Calculate the
total distance travelled by the glider before it leaves the ground. [2]
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..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

(b) The glider and pilot have a total mass of 492 kg. During the acceleration the glider
is subject to an average resistive force of 160 N. Determine the average tension in
the cable as the glider accelerates. [3]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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IN
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(c) The cable is pulled by an electric motor. The motor has an overall efficienc of 23 %.
W
Determine the average power input to the motor. [3]
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R
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KA
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(d) After takeoff the cable is released and the unpowered glider moves horizontally at
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constant speed. The wings of the glider provide a lift force. The diagram shows the
lift force acting on the glider and the direction of motion of the glider.
vertical
direction of
motion
lift force
DR
horizontal
Draw the forces acting on the glider to complete the free-body diagram. The dotted lines
show the horizontal and vertical directions. [2]

6. A girl on a sledge is moving down a snow slope at a uniform speed. (NOV 2017 / TZ 0 / P 2 / Q 1)
sledge
snow slope
horizontal region of snow
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the sledge at the position shown on the snow slope. [2]
IN
W
R
KA
(b) After leaving the snow slope, the girl on the sledge moves over a horizontal region of
snow. Explain, with reference to the physical origin of the forces, why the vertical forces
on the girl must be in equilibrium as she moves over the horizontal region. [3]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AR
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DR
(c) When the sledge is moving on the horizontal region of the snow, the girl jumps off the sledge.
The girl has no horizontal velocity after the jump. The velocity of the sledge immediately
s –1. The mass of the girl is 55k g and the mass of the sledge
after the girl jumps off is 4. m
is 5.5k g. Calculate the speed of the sledge immediately before the girl jumps from it. [2]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

(d) The girl chooses to jump so that she lands on loosely-packed snow rather than
frozen ice. Outline why she chooses to land on the snow. [3]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IN
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(e) The sledge, without the girl on it, now travels up a snow slope that makes an angle
of 6.5˚ to the horizontal. At the start of the slope, the speed of the sledge is 4.2 m s–1.
W
The coefficient of dynamic friction of the sledge on the sno is 0.11.
(i) Show that the acceleration of the sledge is about –2 m s–2. [3]
..........................................................................
R
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
KA
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
(ii) Calculate the distance along the slope at which the sledge stops moving.
Assume that the coefficient of dynamic friction is constan [2]
AR
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
DR
(f) The coefficient of static friction between e sledge and the snow is 0.14. Outline, with
a calculation, the subsequent motion of the sledge. [2]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

7. An elastic climbing rope is tested by fixing one end of the rope to the top of a crane
The other end of the rope is connected to a block which is initially at position A.
The block is released from rest. The mass of the rope is negligible. (MAY 2018 / TZ 1 / P 2 / Q 1)
diagram not to scale

A
block
60.0 m rope
IN
B
W
The unextended length of the rope is 60.0 m. From position A to position B, the block falls freely.
(a) At position B the rope starts to extend. Calculate the speed of the block at position B. [2]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

R
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
KA
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(b) At position C the speed of the block reaches zero. The time taken for the block to fall
between B and C is 0.759 s. The mass of the block is 80.0 kg.
AR
(i) Determine the magnitude of the average resultant force acting on the block
between B and C. [2]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DR
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(ii) Sketch on the diagram the average resultant force acting on the block between
B and C. The arrow on the diagram represents the weight of the block. [2]

IN
block
W
weight
between B and C. R

(iii) Calculate the magnitude of the average force exerted by the rope on the block
[2]
KA
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AR
(c) For the rope and block, describe the energy changes that take place
(i) between A and B. [1]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
DR
(ii) between B and C. [1]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

(d) The length reached by the rope at C is 77.4 m. Suggest how energy considerations
could be used to determine the elastic constant of the rope. [2]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IN
(e) In another test, the block hangs in equilibrium at the end of the same elastic rope.
The elastic constant of the rope is 400 Nm-1. The block is pulled 3.50 m vertically below
the equilibrium position and is then released from rest.
W
(i) Calculate the time taken for the block to return to the equilibrium position for the
first time [2]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

R
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
KA
(ii) Calculate the speed of the block as it passes the equilibrium position. [2]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
AR
..........................................................................
8. (a) A small ball of mass m is moving in a horizontal circle on the inside surface of a
DR
frictionless hemispherical bowl. (MAY 2018 / TZ 2 / P 2 / Q 1)
bowl
N

ball

The normal reaction force N makes an angle  to the horizontal.
(i) State the direction of the resultant force on the ball. [1]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(ii) On the diagram, construct an arrow of the correct length to represent the
IN
weight of the ball. [2]
W
N
R
KA
(iii) Show that the magnitude of the net force F on the ball is given by the following
AR
equation. [3]
mg
F=
tanθ
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
DR
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

(b) The radius of the bowl is 8.0 m and  = 22˚. Determine the speed of the ball. [4]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IN
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
W
(c) Outline whether this ball can move on a horizontal circular path of radius equal to the
radius of the bowl. [2]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

R
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
KA
(d) The ball is now displaced through a small distance x from the bottom of the bowl and is
then released from rest.
AR
x ball released here
equilibrium position
The magnitude of the force on the ball towards the equilibrium position is given by
DR
mg x
R
where R is the radius of the bowl.
(i) Outline why the ball will perform simple harmonic oscillations about the
equilibrium position. [1]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

(ii) Show that the period of oscillation of the ball is about 6 s. [2]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IN
(iii) The amplitude of oscillation is 0.12 m. On the axes, draw a graph to show the
variation with time t of the velocity v of the ball during one period. [3]
v / m s–1 0.2
W
0.1
0.0
2
R 4 6 8 t/s
KA
– 0.1
– 0.2
AR
(e) A second identical ball is placed at the bottom of the bowl and the firs ball is displaced
so that its height from the horizontal is equal to 8.0 m.
first bal
DR
8.0 m
second ball
The firs ball is released and eventually strikes the second ball. The two balls remain
in contact. Calculate, in m, the maximum height reached by the two balls. [3]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IN
9. Ion-thrust engines can power spacecraft. In this type of engine, ions are created in a chamber
W
and expelled from the spacecraft. The spacecraft is in outer space when the propulsion system
is turned on. The spacecraft starts from rest. (NOV 2018 / TZ 0 / P 2 / Q 1)
ions spacecraft
direction of
direction of
spacecraft motion R
The mass of ions ejected each second is 6.6 × 10–6 kg and the speed of each ion is 5.2× 1 04m
ion movement
s –1 .
KA
The initial total mass of the spacecraft and its fuel is 740 kg. Assume that the ions travel away
from the spacecraft parallel to its direction of motion.
(a) Determine the initial acceleration of the spacecraft. [2]
..........................................................................
AR
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
DR
(b) An initial mass of 60 kg of fuel is in the spacecraft for a journey to a planet. Half of the
fuel will be required to slow down the spacecraft before arrival at the destination planet.
(i) Estimate the maximum speed of the spacecraft. [2]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

(ii) Outline why the answer to (b)(i) is an estimate. [1]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(iii) Outline why scientists sometimes use estimates in making calculations. [1]
IN
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
W
(c) In practice, the ions leave the spacecraft at a range of angles as shown.
direction of
ions spacecraft ion movement
direction of
spacecraft motion
R ions spreading out
KA
(i) Outline why the ions are likely to spread out. [2]
..........................................................................
AR
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
(ii) Explain what effect, if an , this spreading of the ions has on the acceleration of
the spacecraft. [2]
DR
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

10. (a) Define impulse. (NOV 2018 / TZ 0 / P 2 / Q 3) [1]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(b) A chicken’s egg of mass 58 g is dropped onto grass from a height of 1.1 m.
Assume that air resistance is negligible and that the egg does not bounce or break.
IN
(i) Show that the kinetic energy of the egg just before impact is about 0.6 J. [1]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
W
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(ii) The egg comes to rest in a time of 55 ms. Determine the magnitude of the
R
average decelerating force that the ground exerts on the egg.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
[4]
KA
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AR
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(iii) Explain why the egg is likely to break when dropped onto concrete from the
same height. [2]
DR
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

11. A student strikes a tennis ball that is initially at rest so that it leaves the racquet at a speed of
64 m s–1. The ball has a mass of 0.058 kg and the contact between the ball and the racquet
lasts for 25 ms. (MAY 2019 / TZ 2 / P 2 / Q 1)
(a) Calculate the
(i) average force exerted by the racquet on the ball. [2]
��
��
IN
��
��
(ii) average power delivered to the ball during the impact. [2]
W
��
��
��
(b)
R
��
The student strikes the tennis ball at point P. The tennis ball is initially directed at an
KA
angle of 7.00° to the horizontal.
P diagram not to scale

7.00°
64 m s−1
2.80 m
AR
net
0.910 m
ground
11.9 m
The following data are available.
Height of P = 2.80 m
Distance of student from net = 11.9 m
DR
Height of net = 0.910 m

Initial speed of tennis ball = 64 m s-1
(i) Calculate the time it takes the tennis ball to reach the net. [2]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

(ii) Show that the tennis ball passes over the net. [3]
��
��
��
��
��
IN
��
��
��
W
(iii) Determine the speed of the tennis ball as it strikes the ground. [2]
��
��
R
��
��
��
KA
��
(c) The student models the bounce of the tennis ball to predict the angle θ at which the ball
leaves a surface of clay and a surface of grass.
AR
surface
DR
sliding
The model assumes
• during contact with the surface the ball slides.

• the sliding time is the same for both surfaces.
• the sliding frictional force is greater for clay than grass.
• the normal reaction force is the same for both surfaces.

Predict for the student’s model, without calculation, whether θ is greater for a clay surface
or for a grass surface. [3]
��
��
��
��
��
IN
��
W
12. The graph shows the variation with time t of the horizontal force F exerted on a tennis ball by
a racket. (NOV 2019 / TZ 0 / P 2 / Q 1)
150 R
KA
100
F/N
50
AR
0
0 10 20 30 40
t / ms
The tennis ball was stationary at the instant when it was hit. The mass of the tennis ball is
5.8 × 10–2 kg. The area under the curve is 0.84 N s.
DR
(a) Calculate the speed of the ball as it leaves the racket. [2]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

(b) Show that the average force exerted on the ball by the racket is about 50 N. [2]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
(c) Determine, with reference to the work done by the average force, the horizontal
IN
distance travelled by the ball while it was in contact with the racket. [3]
��
��
W
��
��
��
��
(d)
R
Draw a graph to show the variation with t of the horizontal speed v of the ball while it
was in contact with the racket. Numbers are not required on the axes. [2]
KA
v
AR
t
DR
13. A company delivers packages to customers using a small unmanned aircraft. Rotating horizontal
blades exert a force on the surrounding air. The air above the aircraft is initially stationary.
(NOV 2020 / TZ 0 / P 2 / Q 1)
aircraft
package
ground

The air is propelled vertically downwards with speed v. The aircraft hovers motionless above the
ground. A package is suspended from the aircraft on a string. The mass of the aircraft is 0.95 kg
and the combined mass of the package and string is 0.45 kg. The mass of air pushed
downwards by the blades in one second is 1.7 kg.
(a) (i) State the value of the resultant force on the aircraft when hovering. [1]
��
��
IN
(ii) Outline, by reference to Newton’s third law, how the upward lift force on the
aircraft is achieved. [2]
��
W
��
��
��
(iii) Determine ν. State your answer to an appropriate number of significant figures. [3]
R
��
��
KA
��
��
��
��
AR
(iv) Calculate the power transferred to the air by the aircraft. [2]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
DR
(b) The package and string are now released and fall to the ground. The lift force on the
aircraft remains unchanged. Calculate the initial acceleration of the aircraft. [2]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

14. Two players are playing table tennis. Player A hits the ball at a height of 0.24 m above the edge of
the table, measured from the top of the table to the bottom of the ball. The initial speed of the ball
is 12.0 m s-1 horizontally. Assume that air resistance is negligible. (MAY 2021 / TZ 1 / P 2 / Q 1)
12.0 m s−1 diagram not to scale
0.24 m
IN
net
table
W
(a) Show that the time taken for the ball to reach the surface of the table is about 0.2 s. [1]
��
��
(b) R
Sketch, on the axes, a graph showing the variation with time of the vertical component
of velocity vv of the ball until it reaches the table surface. Take g to be +10 m s-2. [2]
KA
3
2
vV / m s −1
AR
0
0 0.1 0.2
time / s
DR
(c) The net is stretched across the middle of the table. The table has a length of 2.74 m
and the net has a height of 15.0 cm.
Show that the ball will go over the net. [3]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

(d) The ball bounces and then reaches a peak height of 0.18 m above the table with a

[2]
��
��
(ii) Player B intercepts the ball when it is at its peak height. Player B holds a paddle
IN
(racket) stationary and vertical. The ball is in contact with the paddle for 0.010 s.
Assume the collision is elastic.
paddle
W
10.5 m s−1
Calculate the average force exerted by the ball on the paddle. State your answer
to an appropriate number of significant figure [3]
R
��
��
KA
��
��
��
��
AR
15. A football player kicks a stationary ball of mass 0.45 kg towards a wall. The initial speed of
the ball after the kick is 19 m s-1 and the ball does not rotate. Air resistance is negligible and
there is no wind. (MAY 2021 / TZ 2 / P 2 / Q 1)
DR
diagram not to scale

11 m
2.4 m
22˚
ball wall

(a) The player’s foot is in contact with the ball for 55 ms. Calculate the average force that
acts on the ball due to the football player. [2]
��
��
��
��
IN
(b) (i) The ball leaves the ground at an angle of 22°. The horizontal distance from the
initial position of the edge of the ball to the wall is 11 m. Calculate the time taken
for the ball to reach the wall. [2]
W
��
��
��
(ii)
R
��
The top of the wall is 2.4 m above the ground. Deduce whether the ball will hit
KA
the wall. [3]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
AR
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
(c) In practice, air resistance affects the ball. Outline the effect that air resistance has on
DR
the vertical acceleration of the ball. Take the direction of the acceleration due to gravity
to be positive. [2]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

16. A ball of mass 0.250 kg is released from rest at time t = 0, from a height H above a horizontal floor.
ball (NOV 2021 / TZ 0 / P 2 / Q 1)
IN
floor
The graph shows the variation with time t of the velocity v of the ball. Air resistance is
negligible. Take g = -9.80 m s-2. The ball reaches the floor after 1.0 s.
W
v / m s−1
5
0
0.5
R1.0 1.5 2.0
t/s
KA
−5
AR
−10
(a) Determine H. [1]
..........................................................................
DR
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
(b) (i) Label the time and velocity graph, using the letter M, the point where the ball
reaches the maximum rebound height. [1]
(ii) State the acceleration of the ball at the maximum rebound height. [1]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

(iii) Draw, on the axes, a graph to show the variation with time of the height of the
ball from the instant it rebounds from the floor until the instant it reaches the
maximum rebound height. No numbers are required on the axes. [1]
height
IN
W
time
(c) Estimate the loss in the mechanical energy of the ball as a result of the collision with
the floor.
R
..........................................................................
[1]
KA
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
(d) (i) Determine the average force exerted on the floor by the ball. [3]
AR
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
DR
..........................................................................
(ii) Suggest why the momentum of the ball was not conserved during the collision
with the floor. [1]
..........................................................................
..........................................................................

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Dr ARKAR WIN

CONCEPTUAL PHYSICS CLASSES

IB DIPLOMA PHYSICS TOPIC 2 : MECHANICS

IB DIPLOMA PHYSICS TOPIC 2 : MECHANICS

Deduction Quantity used a

A. change in velocity gradient of graph

B. change in velocity area under line

C. change in displacement gradient of graph

IB DIPLOMA PHYSICS TOPIC 2 : MECHANICS

What is the acceleration of the train? (NOV 2016 / TZ 0 / P 1 / Q 4)

IB DIPLOMA PHYSICS TOPIC 2 : MECHANICS

D. 2 g 1 g 2 kg

IB DIPLOMA PHYSICS TOPIC 2 : MECHANICS

IB DIPLOMA PHYSICS TOPIC 2 : MECHANICS

A. 1.5 kN elevator cable

What is the power of the car?

IB DIPLOMA PHYSICS TOPIC 2 : MECHANICS

What is correct about the tension T in one string? (MAY 2017 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 3)

B. 1.0 m s–2 F = 5.0 N

bounce? (MAY 2017 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 5)

IB DIPLOMA PHYSICS TOPIC 2 : MECHANICS

25. An object is released from a stationary hot air balloon at height h above the ground.

C. The speed with which it reaches the grou nd

IB DIPLOMA PHYSICS TOPIC 2 : MECHANICS

water sun bed water sun bed

water sun bed water sun bed

29. A toy car of mass 0.15 kg accelerates from a sp eed of 10 cm s–1 to a speed of 15 cm s–1. What is

IB DIPLOMA PHYSICS TOPIC 2 : MECHANICS

IB DIPLOMA PHYSICS TOPIC 2 : MECHANICS

A. The momentum of child Y is equal and opposite to the momentum of child X.

C. The ball has no net momentum while it is in the air.

D. The total momentum of the system has not changed.

36. A motor of input power 160 W raises a mass of 8.0 kg vertically at a constant speed of 0.50 m s–1.

IB DIPLOMA PHYSICS TOPIC 2 : MECHANICS

What is the speed of the object when t = 30 s?

IB DIPLOMA PHYSICS TOPIC 2 : MECHANICS

40. A ball starts from rest and moves horizontally. Six positions of the ball are shown at time intervals of

IB DIPLOMA PHYSICS TOPIC 2 : MECHANICS

vertical component of the velocity of the projectile between O and P?

IB DIPLOMA PHYSICS TOPIC 2 : MECHANICS

IB DIPLOMA PHYSICS TOPIC 2 : MECHANICS

Direction of velocity vector Direction of acceleration vector

Initial velocity / m s–1 Vertical distance fallen / m

when the object travels distance x? (MAY 2019 / TZ 1 / P 1 / Q 6)

IB DIPLOMA PHYSICS TOPIC 2 : MECHANICS

IB DIPLOMA PHYSICS TOPIC 2 : MECHANICS

Force for first 2.0 s / N Force for second 2.0 s / N

IB DIPLOMA PHYSICS TOPIC 2 : MECHANICS

A. B. (MAY 2019 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 8)

varying force object constant force

A. The acceleration increases from zero to a maximum.

B. The acceleration increases from zero to a maximum and then decreases.

C. The velocity increases from zero to a maximum.

D. The velocity increases from zero to a maximum and then decreases.

D. 5, 25, 70, 150

IB DIPLOMA PHYSICS TOPIC 2 : MECHANICS

Three quantities are known about this motion.

I. The horizontal component of the initial velocity of the object

B. I and III only

IB DIPLOMA PHYSICS TOPIC 2 : MECHANICS

A. apply to all accelerations.

B. cannot be proved mathematically.

A. B. (MAY 2019 / TZ 2 / P 1 / Q 8)

between B and C. R