Science 9

Science – Grade 9
Quarter 4 – Self-Learning Module 2: Projectile Motion
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Marissa E. Tadeja
Editors: Jocelyn A. Prado
Reviewers: Jocelyn A. Prado
Illustrator: Edison P. Clet
Layout Artist: Jean Rean M. Laurente
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Carolina T. Rivera, CESE
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Manuel A. Laguerta, Ed. D.
Chief - Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 Science 9
Quarter 4
Self-Learning Module 2
Projectile Motion
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Science 9 Self-Learning Module2 on Projectile Motion!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Science 9 Self-Learning Module on Projectile Motion!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest – This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

Motion is a fundamental observable phenomenon. The study of kinematics

involves describing, measuring, and analyzing motion without considering the forces
and masses involved in that motion. Uniformly accelerated motion is described in
terms of relationships between measurable scalar and vector quantities, including
displacement, speed, velocity, acceleration, and time.
In this module you will learn about describing another type of motion for a
moving object.

At the end of this module you are expected to:

1. describe uniformly accelerated motion quantitatively;
2. explain projectile motion; and
3. cite examples where projectile motion is applied.

PRETEST

Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. When a ball is thrown straight up with no air resistance, what is the direction
of the acceleration at its highest point?
A. reverses from upward to downward
B. downward
C. upward
D. zero
2. A piece of stone is thrown from the roof top. Which is true of the motion of
the stone while it is in its flight?
A. The stone’s horizontal and vertical motions are increasing on its way
down.
B. The stone’s horizontal motion is constant while its vertical motion is
increasing on its way down.
C. The stone’s horizontal motion is constant while its vertical motion is
decreasing on its way down.
D. The stone’s horizontal motion is increasing while its vertical motion is
decreasing on its way down.

3. How does increasing the initial velocity affect the range of a projectile
thrown horizontally?
A. The range will not change.
B. The range will be increased.
 C. The range will be decreased.
D. The range will not be affected at all.

4. Which of the following describes the horizontal component of a projectile?

A. Horizontal component is independent of the vertical component.
B. Horizontal component is dependent on the vertical component.
C. Horizontal component of velocity is increasing.
D. Horizontal component of velocity is decreasing.

5. Analyze the following activities at home. Which of the following is not

associated with projectile motion?
A. Watering of plants using a hose.
B. Throwing a garbage on a trash basket.
C. Mopping the floor while cleaning the house.
D. Water coming out from shower when taking a bath.

RECAP

Complete the following equations of uniformly accelerated motion. Write the

missing symbols in each equation.

1. Vf = Vi + ______

2. d = _____ + ½ at2

3. _____ = Vi 2 + 2ad

LESSON

You have learned from previous grade Science classes different terminologies
and concepts associated in describing motion. Can you still recall those terms? Some
of those terms are speed, velocity, acceleration. You can describe motion of an object
having constant speed, slowing down, moving faster, or accelerated.
How about the pictures below, how do you describe the motion of an object?
Figure 1
https://www.basic-mathematics.com/
projectile-motion.html

Figure 2
https://efcms.engr.utk.edu/ef151-2019

A basketball thrown over a ring in Fig 1, illustrate a type of motion moving in

two dimensions, horizontal motion, and vertical motion. Likewise in Fig 2, a volleyball
tossed by a player, an arrow released from a bow and the motion of skydivers right
after jumping have similar type of motion. It is known as projectile motion. A
projectile motion is the motion of an object thrown or projected into the air under the
influence of the force of gravity. The object is referred to as projectile and its path
its trajectory. The motion of falling objects is a simple one-dimensional type of
projectile motion in which there is no horizontal motion having only vertical motion.
The two – dimensional type such as those shown on the above pictures have both
vertical and horizontal components of motion.
To analyze this common type of motion, the following basic assumptions are
made:
* Acceleration due to gravity is constant and directed downward (g = 9.8 m/s 2 ).
* The effect of air resistance is negligible, and
* The surface of the earth is a stationary plane (that is, the curvature of the earth's
surface and the rotation of the earth are negligible).

We can analyze two-dimensional projectile motion by breaking it into two

independent one-dimensional motions along the vertical and horizontal axes.
The figure below (Fig. 3) shows the horizontal and vertical components of a
projectile. These components are completely independent with each other.
 Figure 3 https://fundopma.weebly.com/projectile-motion.html

In the figure, the blue arrow represents the horizontal velocity of an object.
The horizontal velocity is kept constant because the object experiences no
acceleration and air resistance is neglected. The red arrow represents an
object's vertical velocity. Vertically, the object undergoes constant acceleration
due to gravity. The vertical velocity is changing. As the object moves upward the
velocity decreases and as it reached the highest point the vertical velocity is zero. As
the object falls toward the earth due to the force of gravity the velocity increases.

Refer to table 1 below to compare the horizontal and vertical components of

projectile motion.

Table 1. Horizontal and Vertical Components

Direction of motion Description Equations of Motion
Horizontal Motion (x) Constant velocity v x = v x0
Zero acceleration x = v x0 t
Vertical Motion (y) Constant acceleration
Increasing velocity (downward v y = v y0 − gt
direction) y = v y0 − (1/2) gt 2
Decreasing velocity (upward
direction)

Take note of the meaning of the symbols used in the equation:

v x= v x0 Horizontal velocity = constant = initial horizontal velocity

x=v x0 t Horizontal displacement = initial velocity x time

v y= v y0 − gt Vertical velocity = initial velocity – acceleration due to

gravity times time

 y=v y0 − (1/2) gt 2 Vertical displacement = vertical velocity – ½ acceleration

due to gravity times time 2

ACTIVITIES

To understand better the concepts of projectile motion refer to the activities

below. Be mindful of the directions and materials needed in the activities.

Activity 1: Label the Projectile

Direction: Use symbols or terms associated with projectile to label the figure
below.

Guide Questions:
1. Describe the horizontal and components of the projectile.
2. Are the components completely dependent of each other? Explain your
answer?

Closure:
1. What did you learn? ______________________________________________________
2. What do you want to clarify? (If any) _______________________________________
 Activity 2: FACT OR BLUFF

Direction:
Analyze the following statements. Change the underlined word/s if you think the
statement is incorrect (BLUFF) likewise retain if it is correct (FACT)
1. A projectile has a single force that acts upon it.
2. A projectile that is moving upward, is acted upon by a downward force and
upward acceleration.
3. Gravity is the downward force upon a projectile that influences its
horizontal motion and causes the parabolic trajectory that is characteristic
of projectiles.
4. The horizontal motion of the projectile is the result of the tendency of any
object in motion to remain in motion at constant velocity
5. Horizontal forces are not required to keep a projectile moving horizontally.

WRAP-UP

Fill up the table below about the important concepts involved in uniformly
accelerated motion and projectile motion.

Uniformly Accelerated Motion Projectile Motion

VALUING

Activity 3: Making Sense of Projectiles at Home

Direction: List down valuable activities you observed at home that involve
projectile motion. Write your answers inside the heart shape below.
Reflective Question:
How can you apply the concept of projectile motion in sports? Give example.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
 POSTTEST

Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following describes the vertical component of a projectile?

A. Vertical component is independent of the horizontal component.
B. Vertical component is dependent on the horizontal component.
C. Vertical component of velocity is decreasing downward.
D. Vertical component of velocity is constant.

2. Analyze the following statements below. Which is true about the motion of an
object thrown horizontally?
B. The horizontal and vertical motions are increasing on its way
down.
B. The horizontal motion is constant while its vertical motion is decreasing
on its way down.
C. The horizontal motion is constant while its vertical motion is increasing
on its way down.
D. The horizontal motion is increasing while its vertical motion is
decreasing on its way down.

3. A projectile that is moving upward, is acted upon by a force and acceleration.

Which of the following is correct about the direction of force and acceleration?
A. Both force and acceleration are upwards.
B. Both force and acceleration are downwards.
A. Force is upward, acceleration is downwards.
B. Force is downwards, acceleration is upwards.
4. When an object is thrown straight up with no air resistance, what is the velocity
at the highest point before it falls down?
A. Greater than the initial velocity
B. Lesser than the initial velocity
C Depends on the initial velocity
D. Zero

5. Analyze the following activities at home. Which of the following is not associated
with projectile motion?
A. Watering of plants using a hose.
B. Throwing a garbage on a trash basket.
C. Mopping the floor while cleaning the house.
D. Water coming out from shower when taking a bath.
Pretest Posttest Wrap-Up
1. B 1. A Answers may Vary
2. B 2. C
3. B 3. B
4. A 4. D
5. C 5. C
Recap
1. Vf = Vi + at
2. d = Vi t + ½ at2
3. Vf 2 = Vi 2 + 2ad
Activity 1
Answers may vary (drawings with line segments and arrows)
Guide Questions:
1.Horizontal component has constant horizontal velocity, while vertical
velocity is increasing for downward direction and decreasing for upward
direction.
2. horizontal and vertical components are completely independent of each
other.
KEY TO CORRECTION
Activity 2
1. FACT
2. BLUFF – downward acceleration
3. BLUFF – Vertical
4. FACT
5. FACT
Activity 3 Answers may vary
Continuation of Key to Correction
 References
Book:
Asuncion, Alvie J. et. al. 2012. Science 7 Learner’s Material. Pasig City: Department
of Education-Instructional Materials Council Secretariat (DepEd IMCS).

Online Sources:
Speed and Velocity, Accessed August 20, 2020
https://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/1DKin/Lesson-1/Speed-and-Velocity

https://www.physicsclassroom.com/

https://byjus.com/physics/distance-and-displacement/

http://www.physics.purdue.edu/~jones105/phys22000_Fall2016/Phys22000_Lect
ure6.pdf

https://www.toppr.com/guides/physics/motion-in-a-plane/projectile-motion/
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/physics/chapter/3-4-projectile-motion

https://www.asu.edu/courses/kin335/documents/Projectile%20Motion.pdf